Abstract: The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling, and discloses an amphiphilic block polymer ultralow-permeability agent and an intelligent temporary plugging type water-based drilling fluid. The ultralow-permeability agent contains a structural unit provided by styryl hydrophobic monomer, maleic anhydride and acrylamide; the drilling fluid contains two or more of water, sodium bentonite, Pac-Lv, the ultralow-permeability agent, calcium carbonate, one-way plugging agent, white asphalt and barite which are stored in a mixed manner or independently stored.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to water-absorbing and slow/controlled release fertilizer, in particular to a water-absorbing and water-retaining multi-nutrient biodegradable polymeric slow/controlled release fertilizer having a semi-interpenetrating network structure, and preparation methods thereof. The method can comprises the steps of: reacting formaldehyde with urea to obtain a hydroxymethyl urea solution; adding acrylic acid and acrylamide monomers into another reactor, and adding a KOH solution to adjust the neutralization degree of acrylic acid, then adding one of inorganic clay, pretreated crop straw or cellulose, then adding initiator, monopotassium phosphate and the prepared hydroxymethyl urea solution sequentially; allowing to react at temperature after being mixed uniformly to obtain a viscous product; and granulating the viscous product and oven drying the same to obtain the fertilizer.

Abstract: A grass sports ground is produced by mixing man-made vitreous fibres into soil having relatively high loam levels at a rate in the range 0.5 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts soil (dry weight), preferably in the presence of moisture to separate the fibres and distribute them among soil particles, and then growing grass. The soil/fibre mixture has desirable moisture management properties as well as good mechanical characteristics providing extended use characteristics even in cold, wet or hot and dry conditions.

Abstract: A method is shown for reducing the adverse swelling action of sulfates in clay bearing soils during lime stabilization by treating soils having high sulfate content with a soluble aluminum compound that can react with the sulfate ions in the soil to form ettringite or other swelling species during the initial reaction with lime stabilization prior to compaction and paving of the lime treated soil. The amount of soluble aluminum ions added to the soil is determined by the concentration of sulfate in the soil and the other soil parameters such as the soils PI, clay type, etc.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are matrix-type, controlled-release granular compound fertilizer and a method for preparing the same. The method comprises: mixing a natural or synthetic polymer as a binder with a nutrient-absorbent, bulking agent to give a mixture, and drying and pulverizing the mixture to afford a nutrient-absorbent supplement; and evenly blending the nutrient-absorbent supplement with a fertilizer ingredient and drying the blend.

Abstract: A method for fabrication of ordinary porous media and fractured porous media with controllable characteristics is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: providing a cylindrical container and sealing one end of the cylindrical container. The method further comprises fastening the sealed end of the cylindrical container with a lacy sheet for connecting to a vacuum pump and packing the cylindrical container with glass beads to achieve predetermined porosity and permeability using vacuum. Finally placing the packed container in a furnace until reaching a retention time at a predefined rate of temperature enhancement, and separating a fabricated core from the packed container.

Abstract: System and means soil stabilization and moisture control for building foundations including methods and systems for stabilization moisture in a site for building foundation by applying soil moisture stabilization material in various forms, a preferred stabilization material being a mixture of aluminosilicate Pozzolan mineral and granular material such as sand.

Abstract: A system to manufacture a native soil flowable fill onsite includes hydro excavation equipment having a suction hose. In addition, the system includes a plurality of onsite debris tanks, where each onsite debris tank is configured to be coupled separately to the suction hose and to store native soil vacuumed from an adjacent hole at an onsite excavation. The system also includes a mixing apparatus inside each of the onsite debris tanks configured to mix the native soil from the adjacent hole with additional components to form a native soil flowable fill for the respective adjacent hole.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a system for power management of a plurality of heating sources for an electric range. The system includes a cooktop element, an oven element, and a switch in electrical connection with the cooktop element. The switch is configured to supply a first voltage or a second voltage to the cooktop element from a voltage source. The system further includes a controller in communication with the oven element and configured to control the at least one switch. The controller is configured to control the switch in a first state and a second state. In the first state, the controller controls the switch to supply the first voltage to the cooktop element in response to an off-state of the oven element. In the second state, the controller controls the switch to supply the second voltage to the cooktop element in response to an on-state of the oven element.

Abstract: A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clay mineral. The method includes (a) carrying out a forcefield-modified molecular level simulation to determine an amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clay mineral to form a swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clay mineral with a reduced swell potential Si(ECM) that is no greater than a pre-set level T, wherein the swelling reduction agent comprises at least one cementation material of calcite, gypsum, and potassium chloride and/or at least one exchangeable cation of K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, and wherein the forcefield-modified molecular level simulation comprises molecular mechanics, molecular dynamics, and Monte Carlo simulation techniques configured to simulate the reduced swell potential Si(ECM), and (b) incorporating the amount of the swelling reduction agent into the expansive clay mineral to form the swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clay mineral.

Abstract: Geopolymers are one type of aluminosilicate materials formed through the polymerization of silicate and aluminate tetrahedrons. Geopolymer is used as a non-calcium-based stabilizer to mix with sulfate-rich soils. The stabilized soils were exposed to deionized water for 7 days until the volume of soil samples reached constant. Volumetric expansion of the sulfate-rich soil samples stabilized with metakaolin based geopolymer was 7 times lower than those stabilized with lime while the mechanical strength of stabilized soil samples were significantly improved.

Abstract: A process includes: (a) injecting a steam composition into a subterranean location containing bitumen, the steam composition containing an alkylene glycol ether and steam, wherein the alkylene glycol ether is other than a glycol ether amine; and (b) recovering bitumen from the subterranean location to above the ground.

Abstract: Methods for removing one or more contaminants from an aqueous stream comprising: adding one or more hydraulic binders and one or more promoters to the aqueous stream, and separating the contaminants from the aqueous stream are provided. The methods may be used for removing contaminants that are arsenic-based, selenium-based, cadmium-based, zinc-based, mercury-based, iron-based, chromium-based and/or phosphate-based.

Abstract: A surface treatment composition comprising a crosslinking agent which comprises a plurality of dialdehyde residues, a water soluble polymer such as guar gum capable of covalently bonding with the crosslinking agent and a fibrous material.

Abstract: Hydraulically applied fiber matrix compositions for use on soils include a water-soluble, crosslinkable, hydratable gum, and a compound capable of crosslinking the water-soluble, crosslinkable, hydratable gum. The compositions may further include hydrocolloids and mulch. The hydraulically applied fiber matrix compositions are useful for hydroseeding and soil stabilization.

Abstract: Storage tank loaded with an aqueous medium and made of porous, freely flowing particles, wherein the particles are formed from a hydrophobic polymer and the loading of said particles contains at least one particular mediator additive of the general formula (I), the use of which as an entrainer delivery agent for removing volatile components from plastics, for evenly doping intermediate plastic products and/or plastic articles with adjuvants as a soil improvement agent such as a delivery agent for a pest management agent or fertilizer

Abstract: A flexible seal for constructions and method of using such seals where the seals include a mixture of soil and a polymeric additive including polymeric methacrylamide, which additive opens a water casing around soil grains, wherein 1 m3 of soil contains up to 0.5% by volume of the additive wherein the additive also contains saponified paraffins or further contains between 15 kg and 25 kg of cement and/or lime per 1 m3 of soil which cement and/or lime in turn contains 1% by weight to 10% by weight of the additive or wherein a proportion of between 20% by weight and 50% by weight of water is added to the mixture to make it capable of flow.

Abstract: A mixture, comprising of fly ash and an emulsion, where said emulsion is mixed with said fly ash in a range of 5% to 50% of fly ash per an area of a square yard and 0.5 gallons to 2.5 gallons per square yard of the emulsion to said area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a renewable process for manufacturing ground and soil treatment compounds using plant by-products. The invention further relates to products of that process, including an anti-slip compound for use on snow- or ice-covered surfaces, and to a related fertilizer compound for improving plant growth. The described compounds primarily comprise organic by-products of timber processing operations. In addition, the invention relates to a renewable energy and resource process.

Abstract: Biosolids and fly ash are mixed together in stated proportions, spread on soil, and tilled to provide a soil amendment that ameliorates off-gassing of noxious odors.

Abstract: Modified Powdered Mass for treatment of soils and loose building materials containing caustic lime and/or calcareous hydraulic binders and a modification component, where the modification component consists of linear olefins containing 10 to 24 carbon atoms, alone or in their mutual combination, or in mixture with their isomers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the stabilization of dusting surfaces characterized in that the dusty ground is tilled or scarified and mixed with polymers in form of water-redispersible polymer powders, which are optionally reemulsifiably modified, or reemulsifiable modified aqueous polymer dispersions, which are optionally sprayed on to the untreated dusty ground. In a preferred embodiment the redispersible polymer powder, respectively the reemulsifiable modified redispersible polymer powder or the reemulsifiable modified aqueous polymer dispersion, is combined with hydraulically setting compounds, preferably cement and/or gypsum.

Abstract: An alkali silicate aqueous solution having intermediate characteristics between water glass and colloidal silica and having a high molar ratio (SiO2/(A2O+B))(A: alkali metal, B: NH3), a high silicon content and a high anionic activity. The alkali silicate aqueous solution has the properties: (A) the molar ratio of silicon to an alkali (SiO2/(A2O+B) is in the range of 4 to 30, and (B) the silicon concentration in terms of an oxide (SiO2 concentration) is in the range of 6.8 to 30% by weight. A process for preparing an alkali silicate aqueous solution comprises dealkalizing a starting alkali silicate aqueous solution by means of an electro-dialysis device, and then optionally concentrating the dealkalized solution by a reverse osmosis membrane method.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions and methods for treating a particulate and for dust and erosion control. The compositions comprise a dissolved sugar solid. Preferably, the composition comprises a dissolved sugar solid, further in combination with a salt or a lignin, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A heterogeneous mixture produced by blending aliphatic or cyclic organic compounds with carboxylic acids of chemical structure R-COOH and applied to soils in a manner to produce high levels of dust and erosion control, and soil stabilization. Alternatively, a heterogeneous mixture may be produced by blending aliphatic or cyclic organic compounds with polyolefins of chemical structure CnH2n or R—C2nH3n, and applied to soils in a manner to produce high levels of dust control and soil stabilization. The aliphatic and cyclic compounds act as plasticizers and carriers for the carboxylic acids or polyolefin compounds. When applied to soil the carrier provides a mechanism for the carboxylic acid or polyolefin to penetrate the soil and also acts as a dust suppressing weighting agent. The plasticized carboxylic acid and/or polyolefin provides a durable, reworkable binder that associates small particulates while stabilizing soil and aggregate.

Abstract: Disclosed are dust suppressant and aggregate stabilization compositions. In accordance with the subject disclosure, hemicellulose is used as a dust suppressant and/or as a stabilization composition for aggregates such as a road bed or soil field. Other ingredients may be used in a composition in conjunction with hemicellulose. For instance, a lignin compound may be used to enhance dust suppression and/or aggregate stabilization. A surfactant may be used to decrease the viscosity of the composition. A crosslinking agent may be used to enhance the water resistance of the composition. A chloride salt may be added to increase the hygroscopicity of the composition.

Abstract: Soil binding and revegetation compositions useful for stabilizing soil and promoting vegetation or revegetation of soil comprise water, an endosperm, an iron compound, a strong base, and a fibrous material. The endosperm comprises the carbohydrate and protein portions of grains, seeds, or tubers. The strong base is reacted with the endosperm in the presence of water added in order to ionize the carbohydrate and protein of the endosperm and render them more soluble or dispersible in water. The iron compound promotes an electrochemical reaction that assists in the formation of a silicate crystal matrix when applied to soil. The fibrous material softens and nourishes the soil in order to promote the emergence of plant life and/or seed germination. Seeds may optionally be added to further promote vegetation or revegetation of denuded soils.

Abstract: A soil improving agent comprising malic acid and/or grape sugar is mixed with soil to enable the ground after consolidation to have good water permeability and strength.

Abstract: A nano diatomite and zeolite ceramic crystal powder which is a new environmental material made by combining high-quality natural diatomite and zeolite together and by using most advanced nano technology, wherein the ceramic crystal powder has the capability of producing great benefits for society through advances in health care, a cleaner environment, and agriculture.

Abstract: Compositions and method for resisting soil erosion. The compositions comprise either an aqueous mixture of a polymer mixed with an organic material or, alternatively, a polymer and organic material that can be mixed in water. The polymer preferably comprises polyacrylamide having anionic functional groups and the organic base comprises either cellulose, mulch and/or seed and mulch. The methods of the present invention comprise providing or forming an aqueous mixture of the compositions of the present invention and applying them to an area of land sought to be provided with soil erosion resistance.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are methods and chemical compositions of polymers and crosslinking agents that are particularly suited to aggregate, including soil and other natural aggregates, stabilization via hydraulic application. The present invention is an improvement over existing methods as it provides effective stabilization for longer periods. The compositions, when in an aqueous solution and applied to soil or aggregate surfaces, penetrate the surface polymerize and form a crosslinked polymer film. Individual aggregate particles may bind to the polymer or may be entrapped by the polymer film. In the environment, the film is substantially resistant, in the near term, to biodegradation and natural, physical degradation due to weathering and exposure. The resultant polymer film and aggregate or bonded fiber matrix resists erosion by strong wind and heavy rain but readily allows seeds to germinate and grow.

Abstract: Dust from and erosion of earth surfaces is controlled by the application of a fatty acid containing material such as used vegetable oil, animal renderings, or a combination thereof such as Yellow Grease to the surface and allowing the surface to harden and dry. The hardening and drying of the surface may be accelerated by making an at least semi-emulsion of the fatty acid containing material with a surface binding material such as lignin, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, or a mixture thereof, and water. With the at least semi-emulsion, the fatty acid containing material makes up between about 30% to about 75% of the product, the surface binding material makes up between about 10% and about 40%, with the water making up the remainder. The product is applied to the earth surface to be treated and dries in several hours.

Abstract: Composition for treating and stabilizing soils, in particular wet soils, comprising, in the form of a powder having a particle size less than 5 mm, quicklime and/or calcium-based hydraulic binders, as well as a non-aqueous fluid additive capable of agglomerating the finer particles of the composition together.

Abstract: Roadbed material is stabilized by the addition of a small amount of potassium formate, preferably together with a water-soluble polymer which is preferably a cationic polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a soil treatment composition, to soil treatment compositions and to the use of such compositions. The process according to the invention comprises a step of selecting one or more slags having a predetermined free lime content of greater than or equal to a first threshold value, a step (B1) of adding free lime to the slag or slags and a step of grinding the slag or slags in order to obtain a soil treatment composition having a predetermined free lime content of greater than or equal to a second value.

Abstract: A hydratable oxidized keratin composition comprising one or more metal ion species capable of absorbing water to form a hydrogel. The keratin material is useful as a soil amendment providing organic and inorganic nutrients. The keratin material is also useful as a nutrient source in the bioremediation of toxic contaminants soils and liquids.

Abstract: A system for carrying electrical energy in connections in underground cables. In particular, it relates to a method of laying cables and a trench filler having a low thermal resistivity, used for laying underground cables for carrying electrical energy. More particularly, it relates to the use of an inert filler to be disposed in an area around the cables or the parts of the system, such as joints, which are disposed underground. The method of laying cables disposed in a trench includes: removing the original soil to prepare the trench; disposing a first layer of a first composition in the trench; disposing the cables on top of the first layer; disposing a second layer of the first composition on top of the cables; disposing a third layer on top of the second layer formed by a second composition to fill the trench. The first composition comprises: 60-90% by weight of crushed sand; 4-15% by weight of silt; 2-12% by weight of cement; and 4-15% by weight of water.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for constructing, verifying, and maintaining underground vaults that isolate and contain radioactive burial sites. The method employs a buoyant lift technique to isolate a block of soil containing the contaminates from the surrounding soil. An impermeable synthetic liner is embedded in the vault to enhance the integrity of the system. The integrity of the vault is monitored by a system of sensors placed both inside and outside of the sealed vault. The method eliminates the need to excavate or drill in the contaminated areas.

Abstract: A method for strengthening a weak stratum using a solidified composition is provided. The method comprises the steps of: forming a horizontal drainage layer on the weak stratum; building-up mound structures on the drainage layer-formed weak stratum to the critical mound height; vertically forming holes in weak stratum; and mixing a first mixture comprising 25-35 parts by weight of cement, and on the basis of 100 parts by weight of the cement, 0.2-0.4 parts by weight of high fluid adjustment and 0.1-0.2 parts by weight of gel retardant, with a second mixture composed of 65-75 parts by weight of dried sand having a particle size of 0.074-5.0 mm, and on the basis of 100 parts by weight of the cement, 0.3-0.8 parts by weight of aluminum powder, then introducing the first and second mixture into the holes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of limiting the release of organic materials into the environment during the making of foundations, according to which a concrete is used which is based on blast furnace slag ground to a fineness of between about 2,500 and 5,000 Blaine. The invention also relates to a concrete which can be used in said method.

Abstract: A treatment product for earth surfaces, particularly earth surfaces which generate dust such as dirt roads or parking lots, includes a fatty acid containing material and water in at least a temporary semi-emulsion state when applied to the earth surface. The fatty acid containing material may be used vegetable oil, animal renderings, or a combination thereof such as Yellow Grease. An emulsifying agent can be used to help emulsify the fatty acid material in the water. The fatty acid material makes up between about 10% to about 85% of the product with the water, and emulsifying agent, if used, making up the remainder. When used, the emulsifying agent can make up to about 1% of the amount of water used. The product is applied to the earth surface to be treated and dries in several hours.

Abstract: Composition for treating and stabilizing soils, in particular wet soils, comprising, in the form of a powder having a particle size less than 2 mm, quicklime and/or calcium-based hydraulic binders, as well as a non-aqueous fluid additive capable of agglomerating the finer particles of the composition together.

Abstract: Porous calcined clay sports field conditioners exhibit excellent playability while also displaying excellent drainage, freedom from compaction, and moisture retention under hot, dry conditions. The conditioners are non-hydrating granulates of narrow particle size distribution and are preferably of a red to brown coloration.

Abstract: Physiologically acceptable and non-corrosive silicone compositions are used for treating surfaces such as glass, porcelain, ceramic, marble, granite, metal, coated metal, plastic, wood, painted wood, cement, leather, textile, cloth, and other hard or soft composite surfaces, to render them water and soil repellent. Volatile organic compound (VOC) free cream, paste, powder and solid compositions are provided by the inclusion of particulate stabilizers in the silicone compositions. Solventless silicone compositions provide numerous advantages with improved water and soil repellency qualities.

Abstract: A clay-containing mixture of dry solids to be used in forming a moisture-resistant gel, and a method for directly forming a moisture-resistant gel on a surface to be treated, using such a mixture. The present invention furthermore relates to the use of such a mixture.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for constructing, verifying, and maintaining underground vaults that isolate and contain radioactive burial sites. The method employs a buoyant lift technique to isolate a block of soil containing the contaminates from the surrounding soil. An impermeable synthetic liner is embedded in the vault to enhance the integrity of the system. The integrity of the vault is monitored by a system of sensors placed both inside and outside of the sealed vault. The method eliminates the need to excavate or drill in the contaminated areas.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods and compositions for grouting heat exchange pipe in a hole or trench in the ground. The grouting compositions of the invention have quick set and high thermal conductivity properties and are basically comprised of an amorphous silica material, an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, a water swellable clay and water present in an amount sufficient to form a slurry. The compositions optionally also include a set retarder and a thermal conductivity increasing agent.

Abstract: Porous calcined clay sports field conditioners exhibit excellent playability while also displaying excellent drainage, freedom from compaction, and moisture retention under hot, dry conditions. The conditioners are non-hydrating granulates of narrow particle size distribution and are preferably of a red to brown coloration.

Abstract: Porous calcined clay sports field conditioners exhibit excellent playability while also displaying excellent drainage, freedom from compaction, and moisture retention under hot, dry conditions. The conditioners are non-hydrating granulates of narrow particle size distribution and are preferably of a red to brown coloration.

Abstract: A deep mix soil stabilization system comprises a hydraulic cement grout, and a soil dispersant comprising at least one of i) an acrylic acid polymer or copolymer, or a salt thereof, ii) an acrylic acid/sulfonic acid copolymer, or a salt thereof, iii) an acrylic acid/phosphonic acid copolymer or a salt thereof, and iv) a blend of an acrylic acid polymer with at least one of a sulfonic acid polymer and a phosphonic acid polymer, or a salt thereof.