Abstract: A clinker inlet distribution grate for feeding a conveyor grate with clinker, previously discharged from a kiln onto the clinker inlet distribution grate wherein the clinker inlet distribution grate comprises at least a chute with at least two grate elements being arranged one besides the other providing a chute enables to easily remove clinker agglomerations, so called snowmen if at least a first of said at least two grate elements is static and that at least a second of said at least two grate elements is movable orthogonally to the cross direction of the chute.

Abstract: A cooler for cooling hot particulate material which has been subjected to heat treatment in an industrial kiln such as a rotary kiln for manufacturing cement clinker, includes a grate for receiving and supporting hot material from the kiln, at least one cooling gas duct which is connected to slots in the grate for introducing cooling gases into the hot material and a compressed air system for injecting compressed air into the material on the grate. The cooler also comprises at least one flow restricting device provided in the cooling gas duct. Use of the one or more flow restricting devices may permit only a very limited amount of the compressed air that is injected into the material on the grate to pass through the cooling gas duct.

Abstract: A furnace for burning solid burning biomass fuels such a municipal waste and wood pellets including a first compartment containing a hopper, a motorized auger positioned in the bottom of the auger for conveying a solid fuel out of the hopper, a first blower tube operatively coupled to the hopper for receiving the solid fuel from the hopper and a first blower operatively coupled to the blower tube for blowing the fuel through first blower tube. In a second compartment, the furnace contains a combustion chamber operatively coupled to the blower tube opposite the first blower and a heat exchanger arranged above the combustion chamber. To cool the heat exchanger, a second blower is operatively coupled to the heat exchanger for blowing a cooling air through the heat exchanger. A programmable control system is operatively coupled to the auger, the first blower, the second blower and a plurality of thermocouples for controlling the operation of the furnace.

Abstract: A solids distributor for injection plants includes a collecting chamber having a plurality of lance lines leading away from the chamber. The chamber has a supply connection for a solid to be distributed and is surrounded by a common wall in which a plurality of ports is formed. The lance lines are connected to the ports, and an annular gap is formed in front of the ports and along the common wall. A pressure vessel is arranged geodetically above the collecting chamber, the lower part of the pressure vessel being designed as a bunker, having an outlet providing a direct and continuous junction to the supply connection and an upper part designed as a gas space. The collecting chamber may include a central displacement body which forms the annular gap with the common wall and which may be an upwardly tapering cone which projects out of the collecting chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a grate for incineration plants for the incineration of combustible material, in particular refuse, comprising at least one grate track, which is composed of fixed and movable grate-lining rows, which are arranged alternately in the direction of flow of the combustible material and have a number of grate-lining units lying side by side, the grate-lining units being connected in the region of their rear end to fixed and movable grate-lining carriers respectively and moving with their front end on or over the following grate-lining unit, and a drive being assigned to the movable grate-lining units, which drive has a torsion bar led out of the underblast region.

Abstract: A grate cooler of simple construction whose cooling grate is substantly protected against wear and which can be operated in simple fashion and with a high cooling efficiency. A plurality of rotatably supported tubular oscillating shafts, spaced apart from one another, are arranged transversely to the conveyance direction of cooling feed material above a stationary cooling grate. Upwardly extending shovel arms (16a, 16b, 16c), are attached to the shafts which move with a reciprocating oscillatory motion (17) in the conveyance direction of cooling feed material. The shovel arms have a pushing surface on their forward side and a wedge surface on their rearward side and, in their oscillatory motion, moving the hot bed of cooling feed material successively from the beginning of grate-cooler to the discharge of the grate cooler.

Abstract: This invention provides a variety of incineration furnace with modular fire grate apparatus for cylindrical incinerator furnaces of water jacket configuration. The invented fire grate module is provided with refuse dump agitation capability from underside of waste fuel dump on the fire grate and also with air supply function in the fire grate apparatus itself.

Abstract: In this cooler grate according to the invention the supporting surfaces of the grate plates fixed on grate plate supports are provided with cooling gas openings which open upwards and are constructed in the form of substantially endless annular gaps, so that on the one hand a particularly effective cooling of the grate plates and on the other hand a particularly intensive cooling of the material transported over the cooler grate is achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to the cooling of hot, layered, granular material supported on an air permeable grate through which cooling air passes constantly. Some zones of the material layer have a higher temperature than other zones. Pulses of additional cooling air are passed through the higher temperature zones at such velocity as to enhance cooling and to relayer the material at such zones. In this way the degree of recuperation of the grate cooler can be substantially improved.

Abstract: A solid fuel combustion assembly for use with pellet fuel and having a hopper; an auger within an auger tube for receiving fuel from the hopper and conveying it to a burnpot; a burnpot having a tubular fuel conduit fed by the auger at one end and terminating in a top opening to define a primary combustion chamber at the other; and a dome, with or without a top opening, mounted over and about the fuel conduit to define a secondary combustion chamber. A jacket surrounding the auger tube and the fuel conduit defines an air chamber having an opening to atmosphere, adjacent the auger. A plurality of peripherally spaced apertures opening into the fuel conduit from the air chamber, adjacent the top opening of the fuel conduit, provides a primary air source for the primary combustion chamber and a plurality of like apertures, opening through the jacket and under the dome provide a secondary air source of the secondary combustion chamber.

Abstract: A heating appliance which burns solid fuel has a bottom feed to a furnace vessel, conveniently by means of an auger. The furnace vessel is arranged to be driven in rotation which assists keeping a uniformly distributed fire in the furnace vessel, and makes possible the discharge of ash overflowing from the top of the vessel through an airlock system. Preferably, a water jacket surrounds the furnace vessel and a poker is moved in the furnace vessel as it rotates. Combustion air can be blown or sucked in by a fan. The heating appliance can be a domestic cooker, also heating water for central heating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a feed-in device for fuel in a fire-place with plane grate (5). The feed-in occurs through an opening (60) in the grate and comprises a tubular straight passageway (34), which extends upward from below to the opening (60), so that the center line of the passageway (34) forms an angle of 20.degree.-45.degree. to the surface of the grate (5) and that the opening (60) is displaced to the circumference of the grate (5).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for burning fuel in a combustion chamber having an exhaust port. The invention includes a combustion device having a burner head for burning fuel to produce a volitilization zone of high heat. The burner head is positioned in the combustion chamber directly beneath the exhaust port to assure a substantially vertical flame. The upright flame produces a zone of volatilization that continuously contacts the fuel on the burner to vaporize or volatilize a higher percentage of the fuel than in previous combustion apparatuses.

Abstract: A mobile garbage incinerator having an incinerator body unit. The incinerator body unit includes a hanging drum for lifting and dumping garbage into a collecting tank. Garbage is then moved into a main incinerating room for a first stage incineration process. The resulting ashes are collected and compressed. The resulting waste gases are passed into a sphere-shaped secondary incinerating room. The resulting quasi-purified air is passed into an air-circulating tank for separating dust particles. The resulting further purified air is passed through a water curtain and then passed into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A system and process for controlling a boiler is disclosed. The system includes a television camera mounted above the reciprocable grate of the boiler to locate craters in solid fuel on the grate and an actuator to vary an operating parameter of the furnace according to the location of the craters.

Abstract: A fuel feed system for feeding particulate combustible material to a stove, a heater, furnace or the like, referred to herein as heating equipment, and the same in combination with such feed system wherein the combustible material is wood, preferably wood chips. A container is provided for holding a supply of the wood chips to be burned and a cover removably mounted on the container which, during use, is sealed on the container so as to provide a sealingly closed container. The conveyor system for moving the wood chips from the container to a burner in the heating equipment includes a first conveyor and a second conveyor for moving the wood chips along respective different flow paths and a drop box between such first and second conveyors that provides a contiguous flow path along the conveyor system. A normally closed one way flow valve is located in the drop box to prevent reverse flow through the drop box from said second to said first conveyor.

Abstract: A furnace having a primary heat exchange unit also providing a combustion chamber, a secondary heat exchange unit connected by an upper crossover conduit to the primary heat exchange unit, and a tertiary heat exchange unit connected by a lower V-shaped crossover conduit to the secondary heat exchange unit. A third crossover conduit connects the V-shaped crossover conduit with the primary heat exchange unit. A fly ash removal screw is located in the V-shaped crossover conduit to move fly ash therefrom through the third crossover conduit back into the primary heat exchange unit to an ash depository for removal therefrom. Vibrating means are provided between the secondary and tertiary heat exchange units to vibrate the walls thereof and dislodge clinging fly ash so that it falls into the V-shaped crossover conduit for removal by the screw conveyor. A burner assembly of the furnace includes a combustion air housing carrying a circular, stationary grate with an annular valley for carrying fuel during combustion.

Abstract: Combustion and heating equipment includes a body with an underfeed stoker located in the lower part thereof. A jacket surrounds the body to define a heating space, different parts of which are interconnected by triangular ducts disposed in the gas pass. A screwfeeder is provided for the retort of the stoker and extends right through the body terminating in an inlet 36. A mobile hopper has an outlet for registry with the inlet and is refillable and interchangeable.

Abstract: A furnace having a primary heat exchange unit also providing a combustion chamber, a secondary heat exchange unit connected by an upper crossover conduit to the primary heat exchange unit, and a tertiary heat exchange unit connected by a lower V-shaped crossover conduit to the secondary heat exchange unit. A third crossover conduit connects the V-shaped crossover conduit with the primary heat exchange unit. A fly ash removal screw is located in the V-shaped crossover conduit to move fly ash therefrom through the third crossover conduit back into the primary heat exchange unit to an ash depository for removal therefrom. Vibrating means are provided between the secondary and tertiary heat exchange units to vibrate the walls thereof and dislodge clinging fly ash so that it falls into the V-shaped crossover conduit for removal by the screw conveyor. A burner assembly of the furnace includes a combustion air housing carrying a circular, stationary grate with an annular valley for carrying fuel during combustion.

Abstract: A coal burning apparatus actuated by a stoker of the underfeed type includes a burner body formed of a plurality of vertically stacked rings with spaces between the rings extending horizontally to form a tuyere. A tuyere is easily made by stacking rings onto a burner base in a surrounding relationship to the stoker throat. A rotating ash ring is mounted to the exterior of the tuyere for disposing ashes outwardly beyond the periphery of the burner so that they may fall into a provided ash box. The burner air for sustaining combustion is provided to the interior of the tuyere from one of a pair of provided ports in the burner base. The alternative location of the air ports permit the air duct for providing combustion air to be extended from either end of the burner assembly.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for burning fuel from a supply of solid fuel positioned at one side of a grating light a layer of the solid fuel at the grating to discharge combustible gas. Such discharged gas is drawn through the grating to a side of the grating opposite the mentioned one side and such drawn gas is burned at the other side of the grating. Attainable temperature of said grating, acting as a primary grating, is increased by providing a secondary grating spaced from such primary grating and located between that primary grating and a fire chamber.The methods and apparatus of the subject invention enable particulate, pelletized and other solid fuels, as well as combustible refuse and garbage, to be burned at an efficiency and convenience similar to the combustion of heating oil, and yet provide heat at a fraction of the cost of oil and gas heating methods.

Abstract: A furnace having a primary heat exchange unit also providing a combustion chamber, a secondary heat exchange unit connected by an upper crossover conduit to the primary heat exchange unit, and a tertiary heat exchange unit connected by a lower V-shaped crossover conduit to the secondary heat exchange unit. A third crossover conduit connects the V-shaped crossover conduit with the primary heat exchange unit. Vibrating means are provided between the secondary and tertiary heat exchange units to vibrate the walls thereof and dislodge clinging fly ash so that it falls into the V-shaped crossover conduit for removal by the screw conveyor. A burner assembly of a furnace includes a combustion air housing carrying a circular, stationary grate with an annular valley for carrying fuel during combustion. A central opening is connected to a fuel conveyor for introduction of fuel to the grate through the lower portion of the housing.

Abstract: A heat exchanger furnace includes a firebox, a heat exchanger housing in communication with the firebox for receiving combustion gases therefrom, and a plenum housing surrounding the heat exchanger housing so as to define a plenum chamber therebetween. A plurality of baffles are supported in vertically spaced apart relation within the heat exchanger housing, which baffles include peripheral edges disposed in clearance relation from the housing sidewalls whereby hot combustion gases rising within the heat exchanger housing are directed outwardly adjacent the heat exchanger sidewall for increased heat transfer to the plenum chamber. Exhaust tubes at the top of the heat exchanger housing may be directed through the plenum chamber for providing additional heat transfer surfaces therein. The firebox may have a frusto conical shaped sidewall whereby the combustion surface area may be adjusted with the level of fuel in the firebox.

Abstract: An ash removal apparatus for a burner which produces ash moved through a discharge passage in the floor of the burner, including a circumferential ash-removing opening surrounding the grate of the burner, with the surfaces forming the opening being circumferentially progressively varied in spacing to crush and pass clinkers through the opening and out the discharge passage.

Abstract: Wood waste fuel is piled on a perforated grate within a combustion chamber. The fuel is burned by underfire air passing through the grate up through the pile. Ash forms at the bottom of the pile and is removed about a complete 360 degree perimeter where it falls into an ash pit and is subsequently removed from the burner. Fuel is fed to the burner through an elongated continuously expanding tube by a reciprocating ram feeder.

Abstract: A solid fuel furnace includes a combustion chamber and an elongated grate trough extending below the combustion chamber for charging the solid fuel into the chamber. A tube extends within the grate trough so that the axis of the tube is parallel to that of the trough, the tube being supported at the ends of the chamber for rotation about the tube axis. Blade members are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the tube to convey the solid fuels introduced into the furnace in the axial direction of the tube as the tube is rotated. The blade members have radially extending openings which communicate with the interior of the tube, and combustion air is supplied to the tube interior at one end of the tube so that the combustion air is introduced into the combustion chamber through the blade members as the tube rotates. Accordingly, both solid fuel and combustion air are charged into the combustion chamber at a desired rate by the rotating tube and blade members.

Abstract: A heat exchanger furnace includes a firebox, a heat exchanger housing in communication with the firebox for receiving combustion gases therefrom, and a plenum housing surrounding the heat exchanger housing so as to define a plenum chamber therebetween. A plurality of baffles are supported in vertically spaced apart relation within the heat exchanger housing, which baffles include peripheral edges disposed in clearance relation from the housing sidewalls whereby hot combustion gases rising within the heat exchanger housing are directed outwardly adjacent the heat exchanger sidewall for increased heat transfer to the plenum chamber. Exhaust tubes at the top of the heat exchanger housing may be directed through the plenum chamber for providing additional heat transfer surfaces therein. The firebox may have a frusto conical shaped sidewall whereby the combustion surface area may be adjusted with the level of fuel in the firebox.

Abstract: A grate bar for a furnace grate lining is disclosed. The grate exhibits lateral contact surfaces and external ribs on its lower side in the vicinity of the contact surfaces. At least one jet-like air channel is in part formed by a recess in at least one lateral contact surface between adjoining grate bars.

Abstract: The invention discloses an apparatus for maximizing the uniformity of distribution of gasification medium in a rotary grid generator. To insure proper input, a distribution head is rotatably mounted within the interior of the rotary grid, and the distribution head is connected by means of elastic input conduits to either openings which are directly connected with the reactor chamber, or to distribution chambers in the individual segments of the rotary grid. Through use of the apparatus, the formation of canals through preferential gas flow in the solid beds of pressure gas generators is eliminated.