Abstract: To be used with an internal combustion engine having an oil reserve wherein engine oil is contained, and an engine internal oil pressure system structured to distribute lubricating oil to the wearing parts of the engine from the oil reserve of the engine, a pre-starting lubrication system which includes an oil reservoir to contain a quantity of engine oil to be supplied through an oil flow corridor of the reservoir to the engine internal oil pressure system for pre-starting lubrication of the wearing parts of the engine. The pre-starting lubrication system is structured to constantly maintain an acceptable supply of oil within the reservoir and will supply pre-starting lubricating oil upon a flow of pressurized air being directed into the oil reservoir, through an air flow corridor, so as to displace oil contained in the reservoir out through the oil flow corridor for pre-starting lubrication of the engine.

Abstract: A pre-oiling system for automatically injecting oil into the oil gallery lubricating system of an automotive engine prior to start up. The assembly includes an outer vessel, a manifold valve block, which is attached to the outer vessel and includes a solenoid valve, and a control circuit for logic control of the solenoid valve. An air replenishment assembly is positioned on the outer vessel permitting measurement of the pressure in the outer vessel and also allowing for air to be added to the outer vessel to pressurize oil contained within the outer vessel. In one embodiment, the air replenishment assembly includes a schrader valve which provides replacement air to the outer vessel and the spare tire. Oil is automatically injected into the oil gallery lubricating system upon the engine starting. Specifically, the solenoid valve is opened in response to the engine being started which allows pressurized oil to flow from the outer vessel to the oil gallery of the engine.

Abstract: A pressurized oil injection pre-lubrication system for an oil gallery in an engine block of an engine in a motor vehicle comprising a pressure accumulator and a normally closed electromagnetic valve. A component is for fluidly connecting the pressure accumulator to the electromagnetic valve. Another component is for fluidly connecting the electromagnetic valve to the oil gallery in the engine block. An ignition switch is electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve. When the ignition switch is turned to an on position, the electromagnetic valve will open to allow oil from the pressure accumulator to flow into the oil gallery in the engine block, before the ignition switch is turned to a start position to start the engine in the motor vehicle.

Abstract: A pre-oil device which uses a positive release catch/latch to allow a spring loaded piston within a resevor chamber to provide oil to an engine before the engine oil pump reaches operational levels. The solenoid which is energized to initiate the pre-oil process incorporates a slip mounting of the core to the positive release catch/latch to enhance the performance of the release and conserve energy. The device also includes an air tight mounting allowing the user to introduce pressurized air to augment the spring loading of the piston during adverse conditions. A secondary piston may be mounted within the main piston. The secondary piston recedes into the main piston under high oil pressure but applies pressure to the oil system to compensate for low pressure of the engine oil system during reduction of speed of the engine and reduced engine oil pump performance.

Abstract: Air-cooled reciprocating engines usually have a lubrication and cooling oil system providing positive oil delivery to a valve operating mechanism above the cylinder heads and a gravity flow return to the crankcase. In many such engines, the flow return channels are bored or cast conduits within the cylinder jacket structure which surrounds the piston guiding cylinder sleeve. These cylinder jackets are assembled to the engine crankcase by several long drawbolts which clamp each jacket between the respective head and the crankcase. Cylinder jacket bases have turned cylindrical surfaces which socket into a corresponding bore in the crankcase against an annular face. The socket relationship between the jacket base and crankcase positionally confines the jacket base literally relative to the crankcase. Locator pins bridging the interface between the jacket and crankcase secure the jacket from rotation within the crankcase socket.

Abstract: An apparatus for preoiling an internal combustion engine prior to starting. This device requires no pump and is operated by vacuum and oil pressure from the engine. The apparatus is controlled by novel switching means and is recharged with hot engine oil that is drawn into a holding chamber and surrounded by an outer vacuum chamber to keep the oil warm as the vacuum serves as an insulator. This apparatus is also equipped with a dual voltage heater that can be used for warming the oil when the engine has set for long periods in cold weather. The unit is completely self contained an injects a blast of warm oil into the engine prior to starting. This reduces friction and wear to the engine. At the same time, this will reduce the load on the engine increasing efficiency at engine start-up and in turn reduce pollutants.

Abstract: A lubricating tank assembly and system disclosed has an oversized, preferably stainless steel tank with an inverted U-tube through which the lubricant is pumped up and back down to eliminate foaming and a breather inlet tube connected to the engine breather outlet to relieve pressure, pressurizes the tank and pumps lubricant to the chain drive.

Abstract: An oil cleaning and recycling system (1) is provided for automatically metering a predetermined amount of engine lubricating oil into a diesel fuel supply of a diesel engine (88) as the engine (88) operates. A pump (10), communicating with a lubrication system of engine (88) and with a fuel tank (86), is intermittently operable in response to a regular, periodic signal generated by a control module (40). A control solenoid (36) admits air into pump (10) upon each such signal, thereby causing a piston (18) in the pump (10) to travel upwardly to discharge a preloaded amount of oil into a fuel return line (90) to produce a mixture subsequently consumed in the engine (88) as fuel. The pump (10) is provided with an air-actuated valve assembly (22) to direct flow of oil into and out of a cylinder (12) and with an indicator rod (20) enabling a user to visually determine that the system (1) is in working condition.

Abstract: A lubrication system for an internal combustion system includes an oil pump having an inlet passage and a discharge port, a main oil supply gallery extending between the oil pump discharge port and at least one oil receiving location within the engine, and a damper situated within an oil supply gallery for limiting the propagation of pressure pulses within the gallery.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for automatically changing engine lubricating oil while the engine is running, in which small increments of used lubricating oil are periodically removed from the lubricating oil system, and substantially simultaneously with the removal of each increment of used oil, a corresponding increment of fresh oil is delivered to the lubricating oil system, so the volume of oil in the lubricating system is not reduced by the removal. Oil sump level sensing determines the destination of each used oil increment that is removed. If the sump level is not substantially below a predetermined satisfactory operating level when an increment of used oil is removed, the increment is delivered to the fuel tank for burnoff with the fuel for diesel engines, or to a holding tank for other engines, in a normal oil change mode of operation.

Abstract: An insert to be threaded into a spark plug hole of an internal combustion engine. The insert includes a reservoir for holding lubricant and a dessicant to protect the engine during periods of storage. The non threaded end of the insert includes a tip on which the spark plug wires may be attached in order to keep the wires in order.

Abstract: An internally-mounted apparatus for high speed oil changes, pre-lubrication and engine cleansing/flushing is disclosed. The apparatus is specially designed to be easily configured as necessary to perform the above-mentioned operations. The apparatus includes a valve and a reversible pump coupled between the oil drain opening and a multi-way valve. The multi-way valve can be configured such that 1) old oil can be pump out of the engine and into an external storage container, 2) out of an internally-mounted new oil container and into the engine, and 3) from the oil drain opening to an oil fill opening for purposes of circulation. The pump and the valves can be electronically-controlled for operator convenience.

Abstract: A system for draining and filling oil reservoirs in the crankcases and the generators of marine vessels with at least one or two diesel engines, including a motor driven pump, conduits connecting the pump to the reservoirs of the generator and of each engine and with the fuel tanks, an oil sump of fresh oil, and selector valves to connect the conduits to the pump in a variety of combinations; one of which extracts used oil from the reservoirs and forces same through a filter/blender while receiving diesel fuel from a tank on board the vessel and returns the mixed used oil and fuel to the tank for subsequent combustion by the engine; a second of which provides fresh oil to the reservoirs; and a third of which provides diesel fuel to the tanks.

Abstract: A crankcase compression, two cycle, internal combustion engine including an arrangement for facilitating starting by reducing the viscosity of lubricant which may remain on the cylinder bore after engine shut down. This viscosity decrease is accomplished by adding a low viscosity fluid through the cylinder bore during starting if the temperature of the engine is below a predetermined amount.

Abstract: An automatic oil additive injector is disposed over the drain opening in a bottom wall of an engine oil pan and extends into the oil pan. A side port is provided in a housing of the injector for allowing oil to drain therethrough when the oil drain plug is removed. Primary and secondary valve assemblies and a pump operator provided in the housing are activated upon removal of the drain plug to allow a chamber therebetween to fill with a predefined volume of additive, preferably silicone fluid, from a reservoir of the injector and which, upon engagement of the drain plug, dispense the fluid into the oil pan at each oil change to decrease aeration of the oil. In a second embodiment, the additive injector and reservoir are incorporated in the lubricating oil filter header.

Abstract: A dipstick for measuring oil levels provides an electronic indication when oil in an internal combustion engine sump is low or high. The electronic dipstick does not have to be removed as is normal for most dipsticks which determine level from observing a wet line on the stick. The dipstick has an elongated member for insertion into an aperture of a sump, the member has a high mark and a low mark thereon representing oil level in the sump. A float is mounted for movement within a cage integral with the elongated member, the float having a magnet to activate a switch. A first switch is associated with the high level and a second switch is associated with the low level. An indicating arrangement indicates when the magnet in the float activates either the first switch and/or the second switch.

Abstract: Apparatus for maintaining the quality of lubricant and level of lubricant in an internal combustion engine without having to remove lubricant. The oil pan or crank case normally mounted on the underside of an internal combustion engine is modified to include a deep well in the lower wall thereof which has a breadth substantially less than the breadth of the oil pan so that a substantially reduce volume of oil is required to safely operate the engine. Apparatus is also provided for supplying make-up lubricant to the engine while the engine is operating and includes an air impervious reservoir containing make-up lubricant. A conduit is coupled to the lower end of the reservoir and is received in the deep well. The conduit includes a lower end having a discharge opening disposed at the level of lubricant in the well when the engine is operating.

Abstract: Apparatus for detecting degradation of the lubrication conditions of smooth bearings connecting a crank shaft to a connecting rod or connecting the crank shaft to the body of a machine that reciprocates in operation, lubrication being provided by oil circulation, the apparatus including means for detecting the phenomenon of seizure, wherein the apparatus comprises an additional bearing serving as a test bearing, said test bearing being lubricated by circulation of the same oil as is used for the other bearings and supporting a radially-loaded rotating shaft, said detection means being fitted to the test bearing which also includes means enabling it to be more sensitive than the other bearings to degraded lubrication conditions.

Abstract: A system for precisely measuring the amount of oil consumed during operation of an internal combustion engine includes a float chamber which communicates with an oil sump in the engine. A float is disposed within the chamber which moves upwardly and downwardly therein, depending upon the level of oil. A precision level detector is mounted in the upper end of the chamber for generating an electrical signal which is representative of the position of the float within the chamber. A microprocessor receives this signal, along with signals from various other sensors representing engine speed, engine torque, and oil temperature. In response thereto, the microprocessor controls the operation of a pump connected between an external supply of oil and the engine sump. When predetermined conditions are met, the microprocessor activates the pump to add oil from the system. The microprocessor also records the oil level over a period of time to determine the rate of oil consumption.

Abstract: An electronic oil level indicator is provided to show the amount of oil in an oil pan of an internal combustion engine which consists of a perforated housing positioned in the oil pan, so that the oil in the oil pan will enter the housing. A mechanism is connected to the housing for producing light. A fiber optic bundle has a first end connected to the housing spaced away from the light producing mechanism within the oil. A display panel is remotely located from the housing with a second end of the fiber optic bundle connected thereto. The height level of the oil will control the amount of illumination from the light producing mechanism reaching the fiber optic bundle which in turn is carried to the display panel to allow a person to visually check the oil level on the display panel.

Abstract: An adjustable lubricating system for an internal combustion engine such as the Harley-Davidson 74 and 80 cubic inch twin-v engines. An oil pump having a pressure relief valve connected to a plurality of passages adjacent the pump outlet through which pressurized oil flows to lubricate various parts depending upon the positioning of the valve. A pressure relief cap is provided with a bore extending therethrough in which an adjusting screw is positioned. The cap, bore and screw have mating threads allowing the screw to be movably positioned within the bore. The cap has external threads thereon mating with the internal threads of the pressure relief valve bore of the fuel pump of the lubricating system of the engine. An oil seal is provided within the cap bore which engages the screw. The screw engages the pressure relief spring of the pressure relief valve.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of lubricating systems for small watercraft that might become inverted and wherein a lubricant reservoir supplies lubricant under gravity to a lubricant pump when the water pump is operating in a normal upright condition. An air return line extends from the lubricant pump back to the reservoir to pump air which may enter the lubricant pump back to the reservoir. Arrangements are provided for insuring that air cannot flow from the lubricant reservoir to the lubricant pump through the supply line when the watercraft is inverted and also for precluding lubricant pressure in the air return line from acting to force air back to the lubricant pump when the watercraft is inverted.

Abstract: An engine oil makeup and extended operation oil exchange system and method are provided for automatically maintaining the amount of engine oil and continuously exchanging engine oil in extended operation between an engine and an oil tank.

Abstract: A lubricant charging device for use with internal combustion engines. The device includes an adaptor for being interposed between a filter mounting plate on an engine and a spin-on type oil filter. The adaptor has first and second faces for matably engaging the filter mounting plate and oil filter, respectively. An auxiliary pump is provided, along with tubing for communicating lubricant between the sump of the engine, to the auxiliary pump, and from the auxiliary pump to the adaptor. The pump may be electrically driven so that it may be energized before the engine is started. Thus, a quantity of pressurized oil may be introduced into the working areas of the engine before starting the engine. A backflow plate and a check valve are provided to restrict the lubricant flow during prestart lubricant charging and during engine operation to ensure that the lubricant flows through the oil filter before its introduction to the working parts of the engine.

Abstract: A pre-lubrication system (14) for an internal combustion engines (10) having a pressurized lubrication system (12) is provided which serves to rapidly pre-lubricate internal engine components during an engine ignition sequence. The assembly (14) preferably includes a vessel (16) adapted to hold a charge of lubricant under positive pressure, together with a valve assembly (19) and conduit (54) coupling the vessel (16) and the engine lubrication system (12). The valve assembly (19) preferably includes a solenoid operated valve (58) and a parallel check valve (60) which cooperatively permit filling of the vessel (16) with lubricant during normal engine operation, while maintaining a pressurized charge of lubricant within the vessel (16) when the engine (10) is stopped. The solenoid valve (58) is preferably wired (80, 82) for selective and/or automatic valve opening during an ignition sequence.

Abstract: An apparatus for preventing wear in an internal combustion engine having a starter motor, an oil pump, a fuel pump, and ignition elements and an electrical system for actuating the starter motor and oil pump, the apparatus including a delay element designed and constructed for preventing actuation of one or both of the fuel pump and spark plug while the starter motor and oil pump are actuated and until a predetermined conditions occurs, namely, the elapse of a predetermined time interval or pressure at the oil pump reaching a predetermined level. According to another aspect of the invention, a method for reducing wear in an internal combustion engine includes the steps of actuating the starter mechanism to initiate movement of the engine parts actuating the oil pump to circulate oil to the moving parts, and preventing combustion of fuel while the oil pump and starter mechanism are actuated and until either of the above-mentioned predetermined conditions occur.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine including an engine block defining first and second cylinders with first and second crankcases associated with the first and second cylinders. An oil passageway communicates with each of the crankcases and a conduit is connected to the oil passageway to supply oil to the crankcases. A check valve is located in either the oil passageway or the conduit.

Abstract: An auxiliary oil pump selectively operative is mounted in fluid communication with a primary oil pump relative to an internal combustion engine, wherein the auxiliary oil pump is arranged for prelubrication of an existing internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of lubricating systems for small watercraft that might become inverted and wherein a lubricant reservoir supplies lubricant under gravity to a lubricant pump when the water pump is operating in a normal upright condition. An air return line extends from the lubricant pump back to the reservoir to pump air which may enter the lubricant pump back to the reservoir. Arrangements are provided for insuring that air cannot flow from the lubricant reservoir to the lubricant pump through the supply line when the watercraft is inverted and also for precluding lubricant pressure in the air return line from acting to force air back to the lubricant pump when the watercraft is inverted.

Abstract: A lubricating apparatus for an internal-combustion engine comprises a detector for detecting whether the engine runs or not, a heat storage reservoir connected to lubricating oil outflow and inflow ports of the engine by a circular pipe system for storing the oil and maintaining its temperature, the heat storage reservoir being provided outside the engine, a hydraulic pump provided between the inflow port and the heat storage reservoir for controlling the supply of the oil stored in the heat storage reservoir to portions of the engine in response to a control signal, and a controller responsive to an output of the detector for producing the control signal to stop the hydraulic pump in order to maintain a temperature of the oil stored in the heat storage reservoir when the detector detects a stop of the engine and for producing the control signal to actuate the hydraulic pump to supply the oil, whose temperature is maintained by the heat storage reservoir, to the portions of the engine.

Abstract: An oil supply system for an internal combustion engine, having an oil supplementing pump and an oil level sensor arranged in an oil pan for initiating the operation of the oil supplementing pump. A temperature of the oil is detected every time the engine is stopped, and this value is stored. A drop in the temperature of the oil when the engine is started is detected from the stored value of the temperature obtained when the engine was stopped. When a drop of the engine temperature is larger than a predetermined value, an oil supplementing operation is carried out.

Abstract: An accumulator for withdrawing and holding lubricant under pressure and returning the same to the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine that includes a spring loaded closed pintle valve cooperating with the accumulator reservoir that is opened by energizing a solenoid in response to initiating the starting of the engine to inject lubricant back into the engine adjacent the moving parts of the engine. A check valve through a central passageway internally of the pintle valve loads the lubricant from the engine into the reservoir and maintains its pressure until the cycle is repeated.

Abstract: A lubricating system for an outboard motor having a lubricant delivery tank mounted on the outboard motor and which is replenished by a pumping system from a separate lubricant storage tank contained within the hull of an associated watercraft. The circuit for controlling the pump includes a trim angle sensor that is mounted on the lubricant delivery tank for preventing operation of the pump when a trim angle change would incorrectly indicate a need for the addition of lubricant to the lubricant delivery tank.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a system for removing lubricating oil from an internal combustion engine oil pan or sump through an associated dipstick. The lubricating oil removing system includes an electric pump which is connected by two wires and associated alligator clamps to a D.C. battery of the associated automobile and to an electric switch of an electric motor of a direct current pump. The pump includes two tubes, a first of which is introduced into the engine oil pan or sump through the dipstick tube and a second of which conducts oil to a reservoir, such as a collection tank, container or jug.

Abstract: A pre-start lubricating system for reducing wear in internal combustion engines delivers lubricating oil into an engine oiling system at a pressure greater than the engine's normal operating oil pressure before the engine is cranked. The pre-start lubricating system involves the engine's vacuum, electrical and oiling system. The pre-start lubrication system has a pressure vessel of desired volume with a vacuum communicator and an oil communicator with a first aperture. A piston inside the pressure vessel between the oil communicator and the vacuum communicator defines an oil storage reservoir and a vacuum reservoir. Connected to the piston is a piston spring for biasing the piston against oil pressure and vacuum and for raising oil pressure in the oil reservoir after the engine has been shut down and the vacuum in the vacuum reservoir has dissipated.

Abstract: A pre-ignition lubricating system for an internal combustion engine includes an auxiliary oil pump that is activated in response to the driver's door of a vehicle being opened. A timer circuit insures adequate pre-lubrication after the driver's door is closed.

Abstract: A scavenging system for a hydraulic circuit includes a sump passage connecting the sump to a reservoir, a solenoid-operated switching valve, a logic control circuit controlling operation of the switching valve and a passage connecting the reservoir to the inlet of a hydraulic pump that supplies the hydraulic circuit. A vacuum source, such as the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine or a vacuum pump, is connected through a ball check valve and vacuum regulator to a space in the reservoir above the fluid. Fluid level sensing switches sense the level of fliud within the reservoir and produce electronic signals used by the logic circuit to control the solenoid-operated switching valve. An oil filter cap allows the reservoir to be filled while maintaining vacuum within the reservoir. A heat exchanger located within the reservoir draws excess heat from the fluid by passing engine coolant through the exchanger.

Abstract: A system for replacing spent lubricant in an internal combustion engine including a subsystem for calculating engine wear based on actual engine activity, preferably shaft revolutions. An adaptation of the system includes a subsystem for selecting lubricant filters.

Abstract: A lubricant condition sensing unit for the lower unit of a marine propulsion drive. Light is transmitted through the lubricant and the condition and level of the lubricant is sensed by comparing the light signal transmitted with a predetermined value.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine oil change system including an oil filter equipped with a check valve fill fitting. During an oil change, new oil is supplied to the engine through the check valve fitting, thus both filling the filter with oil and back flushing the engine's oil pump. An oil supply mechanism including a tank adapted to hold an appropriate pre-measured quantity of oil under air pressure is provided. A flexible hose with a quick disconnect female coupling connects the tank to the filter fitting for delivering oil from the tank through the filter into the engine.

Abstract: An apparatus arranged for directing a pressurized flow of lubricating oil into internal combustion engines oil galley system prior to operation of the engine to enhance longevity and minimize premature wear of the engine and other mechanisms utilizing a pressure feed lubricating system. The apparatus includes an accumulator reservoir of compact organization including an upper pressurized chamber separated from a lower lubrication reservoir chamber by a central flexible membrane. A solenoid valve is in fluid communication with the reservoir and the interal combustion engine oil galley system to selectively direct pressurized lubricating oil into the engine.

Abstract: An automatic self compensating flow control lubrication system for continuously supplying the requisite amount of lubricant to at least one component of a drive system. One or more operating parameters, such as scavenge temperature, are continuously monitored and the information provided to a computer. The computer operates the first stage solenoid valve of a two stage valve assembly which provides such an amount of lubricant to the component as is necessary to maintain a predetermined value of the operating parameter. Scavenge temperature is one such operating parameter.

Abstract: A first pump can withdraw waste fluid from an oil pan reservoir and optionally, can be used to introduce flushing fluid through the oil filter and internal oil lubrication distribution passage system, to recirculate the flushing fluid within the internal oil lubrication distribution passage system, to withdraw the waste flushing fluid from the oil pan reservoir for disposal and storage in an external storage receptacle. An air purge connection is provided for evacuating fluid retained within the oil filter element and any fluid remaining in the internal oil lubrication distribution passage system into the oil pan reservoir prior to withdrawal of the fluid by the first pump. A second pump is provided for supplying fresh motor oil from an external storage receptacle through the oil filter and the internal oil lubrication distribution passage system.

Abstract: An oil level regulator for an internal combustion engine, provided with a lubricating oil sump and a starter motor operated by an ignition switch having an ignition lock. An enclosed measuring chamber communicates with the oil in the engine sump, so that the same oil level occurs in the measuring chamber as in the sump. A tank for topping-up oil is connected to the sump by a controllable shut-off device. A level measuring device in the form of a sensor emits an electrical signal as to whether the oil level is correct or too low. If "correct", then the ignition lock is released for a predetermined period, so that the engine can be started. If "too low", a shut-off device is opened for a predetermined period, to allow a certain quantity of oil to the sump, then to measure the oil level again and, if "correct", to release the ignition lock.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of lubricating systems for small watercraft that might become inverted and wherein a lubricant reservoir supplies lubricant under gravity to a lubricant pump when the water pump is operating in a normal upright condition. An air return line extends from the lubricant pump back to the reservoir to pump air which may enter the lubricant pump back to the reservoir. Arrangements are provided for insuring that air cannot flow from the lubricant reservoir to the lubricant pump through the supply line when the watercraft is inverted and also for precluding lubricant pressure in the air return line from acting to force air back to the lubricant pump when the watercraft is inverted.

Abstract: An auxiliary electrical oil pumping and draining system for internal-combustion engines operating in series with a mechanical oil pump. The system includes an adapter which is fitted in place of the standard oil filter, a first conduit which conducts oil from the adapter to an electrical oil pump, a second conduit which conducts oil from the electrical oil pump to a remote fitting for a standard oil filter, a third conduit which conducts oil from the remote fitting back to the adapter, and an electrical control for operating the pump, which control ensures that specified oil pressure is maintained in the system when the ignition key is turned on, and for a short period of time when the ignition key is turned off.

Abstract: An improved prelubricator and pressurized lubricating fluid reservoir assembly for use primarily with an internal combustion engine, comprising a hollow cylindrical container coupled to the engine lubricating system and mounted at an angle between about 20.degree. and 90.degree. with respect to the horizontal. The container may be coupled to the engine by a valve assembly which permits the unrestricted flow of lubricating fluid out of the reservoir during start up of the engine or during periods of low oil pressure, and into the reservoir during periods of normal engine operation. Also disclosed is an assembly which is particularly advantageous for lubricating the center bearing of an exhaust-driven turbocharger.

Abstract: A lubrication system for internal combustion engines including an electrically operated oil pump, a conduit, an electrical time-delay relay, a one-way valve and a pump bypass. Another conduit and electrical time-delay relay may be used with turbocharged engines. The lubrication system pressurizes engine oil when the mechanical oil pump is not fully operational. In a preferred embodiment, the lubrication system has an oil filter adapter which includes a one-way check valve.

Abstract: An oil filter for an internal combustion engine lubrication system has an anti-drainback valve that is temporarily held open with a quantity of special grease during the initial filling of the engine's oil lubrication system with oil, and then passively melts or dissipates upon contact with the oil so as to allow the anti-drainback valve to thereafter close.

Abstract: An ignition-powered engine shut-off circuit is provided for power-driven apparatus such as lawn mowers, pumps, generators, tractors and the like. The shut-off circuit preferably includes a first switch, such as a low oil or toggle switch, which is activated when a particular condition exists. The circuit also includes an electronic switch that is subject to the control of a switch control means. When the first switch senses that a particular condition exists, the switch control means gates on the electronic switch, grounding the ignition pulses and shutting off the engine. The first switch is preferably a reed switch used to sense low oil levels, and the electronic switch is preferably a high-power SCR or other thyristor. An indicator means consisting of an LED and a shunt resistor indicates that the ignition pulses are being grounded.