Abstract: A device for detecting low engine oil levels includes a mechanism for detecting the presence of oil in an oil containment vessel for an engine. A housing is disposed in the containment vessel for enclosing the detection mechanism. A chamber is disposed in the housing and is adapted to permit the free flow of oil therethrough for contact with the detection mechanism according to the level of oil in the containment vessel. The chamber further prevents surging of oil therethrough resulting from movement of the vehicle carrying the engine as well as intermittent splashing of the oil on the detection mechanism resulting from operation of the engine.

Abstract: An ignition powered indicator system for detecting and audibly alerting an operator of a low oil condition associated with an internal combustion engine for apparatus such as a lawn mower, pump, generator, tractor and the like. The indicator system includes a low oil switch mounted on the engine crankcase housing and connected in circuit with a buzzer, diode, and capacitor with the ignition primary. When the oil level is too low, the switch closes shorting the ignition primary to shut off the engine and produce an intermittent beeping sound, namely, one beep per ignition pulse, alerting the operator of the low oil condition.

Abstract: A remotely located oil filter and a remotely operated sump drain valve are interlocked such that the drain valve can only be operated when the oil filter is removed. A cable is connected to a lever which is pivotally mounted to open the drain valve in response to movement of a bracket that is affixed to an oil filter plate. Movement of the bracket is impeded by the installed oil filter so that the drain valve cannot be opened unless the oil filter is removed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for effecting the periodic partial replacement of used lubricating oil with fresh lubricating oil in the oil-confining reservoir of an internal combustion engine. The apparatus utilizes a first container which holds fresh oil, a second container which holds used oil, and associated pumps which transfer fresh oil to the engine and remove used oil therefrom. Monitoring means record the extent of usage of the oil and dictate the operation of the pumps.

Abstract: A pump assembly which operates in connection with a starter motor is provided. The device, which is of small dimensions is contained with a compact pump housing. A gear pump is provided within the pump housing which is operatively associated with the drive shaft of a starter motor. A shaft extension device is also provided which may be adapted to a starter motor drive shaft thereby allowing the device of the present invention to be used with a variety of starter motors. The pump assembly is provided with a fluid delivery system which is operatively associated with the fluid inlet means in the pump housing. Further provided is a receiver means which receives fluid discharged from the outlet means of the pump housing. A pressure regulating device may also be provided within the end cap of the pump housing. The pressure regulating device is operatively associated with the pump assembly and controls fluid pressure in the pump fluid cavity during operation of the pump assembly.

Abstract: A novel oil addition device which is operable on vehicles frequently maintained in operational condition on unlevel surfaces for extended periods of time.

Abstract: A lubrication system for internal-combustion engines having a mechanical-type oil pump and turbocharger. The system includes an auxiliary electrically operated oil pump, a first time-delay relay connected to the ignition system to energize the electrically operated oil pump for a first time period after the ignition is turned on to prelubricate the engine, and a second time-delay relay to energize the electrically operated pump for a second period after the ignition is turned off to lubricate the turbocharger.

Abstract: A low level lubricating oil detector for an internal combustion engine. The detector includes a tube that is located in crankcase of the engine and the tube has an opening in its lower end located at the predetermined minimum oil level. The upper end of the tube communicates with a chamber and one side of the chamber is enclosed by a piezo electric element. When the oil level in the crankcase recedes beneath the minimum level, pressure pulsations in the crankcase are transmitted through the tube to the piezo electric element which generates a signal that operates through an electric circuit to stop operation of the engine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for maintaining constant the level of oil, particularly in internal combustion engines, which has the particularity of comprising a constant level reservoir (1) positioned at a pre-determined nipple level and in free communication with the oil sump (20) of an engine. The said constant level reservoir (1) is in communication with the reserve reservoir (12) which is positioned at a higher level than the constant level reservoir (1). In the constant level reservoir (1) there are provided float means (21) which control the communication duct (11) between the reserve reservoir (12) and the constant level reservoir (1).

Abstract: In a diesel-electric locomotive, maximum speed of the diesel engine is automatically limited as a function of the temperature of the engine lubricating oil so as to prevent damage to the engine, to the engine-driven lube oil pump, and to the external components of the engine lube oil system when the oil is relatively cool and hence very viscous.

Abstract: A pneumatic switch (25) responsive to the vacuum in a closed crankcase (20) of a reciprocating piston engine (15) for indicating when there is less than a predetermined quantity of oil (21) in the crankcase. The switch includes a housing (30) defining a cylinder (35), a closed end (48) and an open end (74). A piston (36) reciprocates and rotates in the cylinder through a path determined by a cam (51) and a follower (52). Crankcase vacuum is applied to a chamber (47) between the piston and the closed housing end to move the piston against a calibrated spring (50). An electric switch (70, 71 and 76) indicates when the piston is in the portion of its path of motion when the engine is operating and there is less than the predetermined quantity of oil in the crankcase.

Abstract: Several embodiments of separate lubricating systems for two-cycle internal combustion engines and particularly those of outboard motors. In each embodiment, the lubricating system includes a relatively large lubricant storage tank that is adapted to be carried in the hull of the associated watercraft and a relatively small lubricant delivery tank carried by the engine of the outboard motor. A pump is provided for transferring lubricant from the storage tank to the delivery tank and warning devices are incorporated to indicate when the level in each of the tanks falls below a predetermined value. Furthermore, the transfer pump is disabled upon the falling of the level of the liquid in the storage tank below a predetermined value. The pump is positioned in proximity to this storage tank and is juxtaposed and plumbed in such a way that it will not pick up foreign particles from the bottom of the tank, but will always have its inlet and outlet subject to liquid so that the pump will not run dry.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the filling quantity of lubricating oils in drive installations comprising a timing member which activates a filling level pickup only after a predetermined time of several minutes following the shutoff of the drive installation, this pickup yielding an output signal only if two superimposed sensing elements transmit different responses. This provides a precise information regarding the actual quantity of lubricating oil. The output signal may be dependent upon an operating temperature cyclic filling may be effected at appropriate timed periods.

Abstract: A protection system for a two-cycle outboard motor engine having a separate lubricant storage tank. The protection system generally includes a sensing device associated with the lubricant storage tank for detecting a low lubricant level condition, a first circuit for producing a speed reduction signal in response to the detection of this condition, a second circuit for gradually reducing the speed of the engine in response to the speed reduction signal even though the engine throttle control may be set for a higher speed, and a switch for manually terminating this speed control. The first circuit includes a controlled conduction device for maintaining the presence of the speed reduction signal after the low lubricant level condition is no longer present until the switch is actuated.

Abstract: A pump assembly which operates in connection with a starter motor is provided. The device, which is of small dimensions is contained with a compact pump housing. A gear pump is provided within the pump housing which is operatively associated with the drive shaft of a starter motor. A shaft extension device is also provided which may be adapted to a starter motor drive shaft thereby allowing the device of the present invention to be used with a variety of starter motors. The pump assembly is provided with a fluid delivery system which is operatively associated with the fluid inlet means in the pump housing. Further provided is a receiver means which receives fluid discharged from the outlet means of the pump housing. A pressure regulating device may also be provided within the end cap of the pump housing. The pressure regulating device is operatively associated with the pump assembly and controls fluid pressure in the pump fluid cavity during operation of the pump assembly.

Abstract: A detection device having pushbutton operation which after a short predetermined period of time indicates by means of lights whether both oil and lubricant levels are adequate or if not which is not satisfactory. If lubricant is indicated as being low, then means are provided to indicate the required amount of lubricant. The device is coupled with circuitry so as to quickly activate a thermistor within the lubricant reservoir for accurate detection at that point and may be coupled with engine deactivation means to preclude engine operation in the event that the device is not activated or in the event that either of the coolant or lubricant levels are inadequate.

Abstract: An over ride oil pump for use with reciprocating or rotary engines which provides auxiliary oil pumping under three circumstances by use of an electrically operated oil pump, digital circuitry and sensors. As a car is started the standard mechanical oil pump cannot provide adequate lubrication since the mechanical pump can only pump at a rate proportional to engine speed. The over ride pump begins immediately, upon initiation of engine start up. Under conditions of high RPM operation extra lubrication is required. The over ride oil pump senses increased vacuum levels and provides additional oil delivery. Oil pressure drops rapidly if there is a failure in the mechanical pump drive mechanism or the pump itself. The over ride oil pump senses this deficiency and provided the necessary oil delivery.

Abstract: A mechanical engine protection system includes a temperature responsive valve, a pressure sensing valve and a mechanical shutdown actuator. The valves and actuator are fluidly interconnected so that the actuator is shifted from a run position to a shutdown position upon the occurrence of a high engine operating temperature condition or a low oil pressure condition. The temperature responsive valve includes an inlet port, an outlet port and a drain port. A valve element is positioned by a thermally responsive unit or motor to selectively interconnect the outlet port with either the inlet port or the drain port. The pressure sensing valve includes an inlet port, an outlet port, a drain port and a pilot port. A diaphragm motor positions a valve element in response to the pressure signal applied to the control port to selectively interconnect the outlet port with the inlet port or the drain port. The shutdown actuator includes an inlet port, an actuator rod and a spring loaded diaphragm motor.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for prelubricating newly built, overhauled or rebuilt, and repaired engines including a relatively compact and lightweight pressurized vessel containing a predetermined volume of a light grade prelubricant which may, preferably, be of a specialized or proprietary formulation. The vessel is pressurized with carbon dioxide which serves as the propellant to force the lubricant through an adjustable metering valve on the vessel, an interconnecting hose and, in turn, into an engine oil port wherein the pressurized prelubricant is distributed through existing engine oil passageways, channels, and galleys.

Abstract: Two embodiments of lubricating systems for the four cycle engine of an outboard motor, each of which embodies a lubricant sump that is disposed beneath the engine and to which lubricant is returned by gravity. In each embodiment, a buffer volume is provided that receives lubricant when the engine is oriented in other than a desired position so that the oil will flow into this buffer volume rather than being discharged from the sump. The lubricant is returned to the engine from the buffer volume when the engine is again placed in its normal orientation. In one embodiment of the invention, the buffer volume is provided by the camshaft chamber of the engine.

Abstract: A method for sensing when the quantity of oil in the crankcase of a reciprocating piston engine is inadequate for proper lubrication while the engine is operating. During engine operation, the crankcase gas pressure cycles between positive and negative values as the piston reciprocates. Positive crankcase gas pressures are vented through a check valve. The resulting cyclic vacuum in the crankcase has a peak and average magnitude which is a function of the quantity of oil in the crankcase. For a constant speed and substantially constant load engine, the crankcase vacuum can be used to indicate the approximate quantity of oil in the crankcase. For constant or variable speed and load engines, a drop in the crankcase vacuum below a predetermined level can be used to automatically stop the engine prior to damage by inadequate lubrication.

Abstract: An apparatus which has the means to facilitate maintenance of appropriate lubricating oil levels within the engine of a vehicle.

Abstract: A lubrication assembly for supplying pressurized lubricant to the center bearing of an exhaust-driven turbocharger associated with an internal combustion engine during turbocharger spin down after the engine has been shut down comprises a reservoir means for storing a quantity of lubricant under pressure. The reservoir means is coupled in fluid communication with the lubricant line which supplies lubricant to the center bearing when the engine is running. A valve means controls flow of lubricant between the center bearing lubricant line and the reservoir means. This valve means permits the reservoir means to capture and store lubricant at peak engine lubricant pressure. The valve means releases lubricant from the reservoir means to the center bearing in order to provide lubricant to the center bearing during the turbocharger spin down period after engine shut down when the engine lubricant pump is likewise shut down.

Abstract: In an engine pressurized prelubricator assembly or an assembly for providing pressurized lubricant to the center bearing of an exhaust-driven turbocharger, flow restrictor means are disposed in the conduit connecting the engine lubricant system to the reservoir means for storing pressurized lubricant. The flow restrictor means restricts flow of lubricant into the reservoir means thereby preventing starving of the engine lubricant system for lubricant during charging of the reservoir means with lubricant. The flow restrictor means permits substantially unrestricted flow of lubricant from the reservoir means to the engine or center bearing when lubrication is required. A manually operated valve means is provided for use in the conduit connecting the engine lubricant system to the reservoir means. The rate of flow of lubricant through the valve and hence to and from the reservoir means is selectable by manually operating the valve.

Abstract: An engine lubricating system of an internal combustion engine, comprising lubricating oil delivery means for delivering lubricating oil under controlled pressure when the engine is in operation, the lubricating oil delivery means comprising a primary filter unit having included therein a porous filter medium having perforations of a first range of sizes, first lubricating means communicating with the lubricating oil delivery means through a first oil feed passageway and operable for circulating oil from the lubricating oil delivery means to the power producing mechanism of the engine, and second lubricating means communicating with the lubricating oil delivery means through a second oil feed passageway and operable for circulating oil from the lubricating oil delivery means to the valve drive mechanism of the engine, the second lubricating means comprising a secondary filter unit having included therein a porous filter medium having perforations of a second range of sizes smaller than the first range of sizes

Abstract: A microcomputer system for indicating that engine lubricating oil should be exchanged when the working life of the engine lubricating oil is over. The system comprises: (a) a first sensor which detects and signals the number of engine revolutions per time; (b) a second sensor which detects the load on the engine; (c) a calculating means which calculates the amount of soot suspended in the lubricating oil during the operation of engine on a basis of the output values of the first and second sensors; (d) a memory means which adds up and stores the calculated amount of soot so as to record a total amount of soot; (e) a judging means which judges whether the total amount of soot in the lubricating oil exceeds a predetermined amount; and (f) an alarm unit which produces an alarm in a predetermined form to request a lubricating oil change when the total amount of soot exceeds the predetermined amount, whereby the working life of the engine lubricating oil can more accurately be determined.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with an oil pumping system operatively driven from the starter motor which generates normal operating oil pressure prior to combustion. The starter motor is energized with a first, lower level of electrical energy during its precombustion oiling operation and a second, higher level of electrical energy during its engine-cranking operation to conserve electrical energy and facilitate meshing between the starter gear and the engine flywheel.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a lubricant level maintenance system. A reservoir is located externally of the engine. A pump is connected to the reservoir and a conduit leads from the pump to the engine oil pan. An electrical level sensing circuit includes a thermistor which is positioned in the engine oil pan, preferably by means of an engine dip stick. An enabling circuit is connected to receive an input from the sensing thermistor and from the engine electrical ignition system. The enabling means responsively provides an enabling signal to the pump following the elapse of a predetermined time interval when the engine is turned off. A tilt switch disables the sensing system to prevent distortion of the thermistor signal if the vehicle is parked on an incline.

Abstract: A mechanical engine protection system includes a temperature responsive valve, a pressure sensing valve and a mechanical shutdown actuator. The valves and actuator are fluidly interconnected so that the actuator is shifted from a run position to a shutdown position upon the occurrence of a high engine operating temperature condition or a low oil pressure condition. The temperature responsive valve includes an inlet port, an outlet port and a drain port. A valve element is positioned by a thermally responsive unit or motor to selectively interconnect the outlet port with either the inlet port or the drain port. The pressure sensing valve includes an inlet port, an outlet port, a drain port and a pilot port. A diaphragm motor positions a valve element in response to the pressure signal applied to the control port to selectively interconnect the outlet port with the inlet port or the drain port. The shutdown actuator includes an inlet port, an actuator rod and a spring loaded diaphragm motor.

Abstract: A system for remotely sensing a low level of a fluid in a tank, such as the low level of oil in an internal combustion engine. A sensing tube projects through a housing defining an oil reservoir therein, which sensing tube is disposed with its open lower end positioned at an elevation which defines the low or add level for the oil. The sensing tube has its upper outer end connected through a suitable conduit to a remotely located actuator. The actuator, preferably manually actuated, transmits a determined mass of air through the conduit means into the sensing tube. A visual indicator senses changes in pressure within the sensing tube. When the lower end of the sensing tube is immersed in oil, the mass of air supplied to the system effects a pressure increase which is recorded on the indicator, thus indicating that the oil level in the reservoir is above the low or add level.

Abstract: A port proximate to an automotive oil filter, and a closure therefor, used to precharge a newly installed oil filter with oil. The port may be located either in an adaptor mounting plate, which is located between the filter and the engine block, or in the engine block itself. The port is in fluid communication with the filter, allowing a newly installed filter to be precharged with oil to minimize engine wear.

Abstract: An engine device that is responsive to low oil pressure to cut off or limit fuel flow to avoid or minimize the chance of engine damage. A spring-biased elongate main valve member includes an axial bore and an override spring-biased ball valve to selectively allow fuel flow through said axial bore. A remote override function is realized by use of a bypass valve controlled by a pneumatic or electrical switch. One embodiment of the remote override uses a pushbutton and a spring-biased hydraulic piston to actuate the bypass valve which allows fuel around the main fuel member. An override lock prevents a mechanical, local (i.e., not remote) override from being changed from an override position back to a normal or off position in the event of insufficient oil pressure.

Abstract: A detection device having pushbutton operation which after a short predetermined period of time indicates by means of lights whether both oil and lubricant levels are adequate or if not which is not satisfactory. The device is coupled with circuitry so as to quickly activate a thermistor within the lubricant reservoir for accurate detection at that point and may be coupled with engine deactivation means to preclude engine operation in the event that the device is not activated or in the event that either of the coolant or lubricant levels are inadequate.

Abstract: A pressure activated switch for use in series in the fluid flow path of a motor is disclosed, with the switch having a housing with a top end, a bottom end, and axially extending chamber extending between the ends with a vertically extending wall defining the periphery of the chamber. The chamber has an inlet port and an outlet port communicating therewith, with the ports in vertically spaced relationship to each other so as to obtain a flow of fluid from the motor between the ports, such that the level of fluid in the chamber is directly related to the level of fluid associated with the motor. A first electrical terminal extends from the bottom end into the chamber, with a second electrical terminal extending into the chamber through the wall, the terminals are adapted to be connected in the current starting path of the motor. An element is provided which moves with the level of fluid within the chamber.

Abstract: A lubrication apparatus for an internal combustion engine is provided which has a crank chamber with an oil pan detachably mounted on the lower surface of the crank chamber. An oil pump and an oil filter are coupled together by an oil passage in the crank chamber. A relief valve is provided in the oil passage, the relief valve being opened by an oil pressure above a predetermined value. The oil passage includes an opening directed towards the oil pan and the oil pan includes a rib formed on the upper surface thereof, wherein the relief valve is inserted in the opening and is supported therein by the rib.

Abstract: An engine protective device that is reponsive to low oil pressure to cut off or limit fuel flow to avoid or minimize the chance of engine damage. A spring-biased elongate main valve member includes an axial bore and an override spring-biased ball valve to selectively allow fuel flow through said axial bore. A remote override function is realized by use of a bypass valve controlled by a pneumatic or electrical switch. An override lock prevents a mechanical, local (i.e., not remote) override from being changed from an override position back to a normal or off position in the event of insufficient oil pressure.

Abstract: A lubricating arrangement for an I.C. engine in which at least one lubricating pump for engine lubrication is activated by a battery-fed electric motor, independent of the I.C. engine, which supplies a preset oil quantity which is unrelated to the rpms of the I.C. engine. As this lubricating pump is driven by a battery-fed electric motor which runs up within a fraction of a second, the I.C. engine is instantly under pressure with a full quantity of lubricating oil.

Abstract: An arrangement for lubricating, especially for internal combustion engines is disclosed. The circuit of the arrangement is fed with the lubricating medium, e.g. oil, by way of a pump which delivers oil from a source, as required through an oil cooler and a filter, to bearings of the engine which require lubrication, and to more remote bearings, such as are used in auxiliary equipment, e.g. off-gas turbo-superchargers. In the main pressure conduit, relatively close to the pump, there is provided a flow control device with a direct conduit being provided to communicate the pump with the more remote bearings. The direct conduit is connected to the circuit between the pump and the flow control device. As required, an oil filter can be arranged in the direct conduit.

Abstract: A system for preventing engine overheat in a vehicle such as a motor scraper or the like having a front engine and a rear engine mounted thereon. An actuator is operatively connected to the rear engine for controlling speed thereof and also is connected to a source of pressurized fluid through a solenoid-operated valve. A plurality of detectors are mounted in the rear engine each detecting a preset abnormal condition of the rear engine. Provided in the system is a relay responsive to a signal from the detectors for simultaneously turning on a warning lamp and energizing the solenoid-operated valve thereby blocking communication between the source of pressurized fluid and the actuator, thereby reducing the speed of the rear engine to its idle speed.

Abstract: The disclosure illustrates a means for automatically controlling the operation of a cylinder deactivating system in a multicylinder compression ignition engine which system is intended to increase the load on the cylinders that have not been deactivated. The control means is responsive to coolant pump output pressure which varies directly as engine rpm varies. The cylinder deactivating system functions either by cutting off the flow of fuel to the injector for each deactivated cylinder or cylinders or by actuating an engine brake system. The control means automatically stops the operation of the cylinder deactivating system when engine rpm increases to the point that the coolant pump output pressure exceeds a threshold level. This prevents any possibility of injector scuffing or loss of power at higher rpm.

Abstract: A two-cycle engine having an oil pump (19) driven by the engine crankshaft (11) to supply lubricant to the carburetor (12) has an alarm system to warn of an interruption of the oil pump drive. The alarm system has a signal processor (23) connected to activate an alarm (27) should signals from an oil pump rotation sensor (26) be interrupted, if a level switch (28) in the oil tank (20) indicates a low oil level, or should a signal from the ignition system (14) be interrupted. The signal processor (23) is also connected to briefly activate the alarm (27) when the engine is started to provide a test of the alarm system.

Abstract: A port proximate to an automotive oil filter, and a closure therefor, used to precharge a newly installed oil filter with oil. The port may be located either in an adaptor mounting plate, which is located between the filter and the engine block, or in the engine block itself. The port is in fluid communication with the filter, allowing a newly installed filter to be precharged with oil to minimize engine wear.

Abstract: The invention is designed for use with a diesel engine in over-the-road trucks and periodically extracts a given quantity of oil from the oil pan of the engine and injects that quantity into the fuel tank for burning along with the regular fuel. In turn, an automatic oil level sensing device keeps the proper level of oil in the pan thus ensuring a constant infusion of fresh oil into the engine's oil supply as well as a periodic purging of old oil.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically changing and disposing of used engine oil for a diesel engine. An oil conduct means is provided which conducts a portion of the engine oil circulating through the lubrication system of a diesel engine to the fuel system to be mixed with the fuel. The oil/fuel mixture is burned in the combustion chamber. An oil tank is provided outside of the lubricant system. An oil supply means is provided which automatically supplies oil from the oil tank to the lubricant system when the amount of oil within the lubricant system decreases.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of detecting the presence of a conductive fluid such as water in a chamber such as the oil pan of an internal combustion engine and apparatus for carrying out the method. A resilient flexible sensor probe is mounted in the oil drain and electrically connected to an alarm which is activated by current flow. The sensor probe has an outer electrode member with a portion formed of a helical coil through which an insulated wire runs to form an inner electrode member. The inner electrode member is connected to the alarm, while the outer electrode member is grounded to the engine. The sensor probe bends to a position where its inner end portion depends into contact with the bottom of the oil pan. The inner electrode member ends at a bare tip which is surrounded by an insulative sleeve which prevents direct contact with the bottom of the oil pan. The outer electrode member ends at a bare wire portion which is spaced a short distance from the tip of the inner electrode member.

Abstract: A rotary lawn mower (2) includes a four cycle internal combustion engine (20) having an elongated dipstick tube (30). Dipstick tube ( (30) is pivotably connected to the engine oil sump (24) for movement between a first position and a second horizontal position. Dipstick tube (30) in the second position thereof easily drains oil from the engine oil sump (24).

Abstract: An engine protective device that is responsive to low oil pressure to cut off or limit fuel flow to avoid or minimize the chance of engine damage. A spring-biased elongate main valve member includes an axial bore and an override spring-biased ball valve to selectively allow fuel flow through said axial bore. A remote override function is realized by use of a bypass valve controlled by a pneumatic or electrical switch. An override lock prevents a mechanical, local (i.e., not remote) override from being changed from an override position back to a normal or off position in the event of insufficient oil pressure.

Abstract: The impeller bearings in a turbocharger on an internal combustion engine are supplied with a coolant, in the form of lubricating oil from the engine's crankcase, during post-shutdown coasting of the impeller. This coolant is supplied by an accumulator including a piston having an upstream side which is subjected to oil under pressure from the crankcase during engine operation to move the piston downstream for loading a spring affixed to the downstream side of the piston. Coolant leaking downstream of the piston is returned to the crankcase through a valve seat which is closed during engine operation by a valve extending from the downstream side of the piston.

Abstract: A water-cooled internal combustion engine includes piping defining a hydraulic oil circuit having an oil pump and using hydraulic oil lubrication and a cooling-water pump driven as a function of the operating condition of the engine. The hydraulic motor is provided in the circuit for the drive of the cooling-water pump which, by means of a control element, can be switched into the hydraulic oil circuit of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A spring actuated piston pump for use in lubricating the bearings of a turbo-charger rotor, both on starting and stopping an associated internal combustion engine. The pump has a piston-and cylinder combination the piston of which is spring-urged towards the cylinder head, and there is a releasable catch arrangement operable on the piston to restrain movement of the piston towards the cylinder head when the piston is part-way between the extremes of its travel. The catch means is solenoid operated for connection to the engine starter system, so that the piston is released when the engine is started.The pump chamber is connected to the engine lubrication system and the turbo-charger bearings through suitable ducts and one-way valves, so that on ordinary operation of the engine the pump chamber is full of oil with the piston fully retracted. On stopping the engine the piston moves under the spring bias discharging oil to the turbo-charger bearings until restrained by the catch arrangement.