Abstract: A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine which has a spray hole designed geometrically to produce a spray of fuel so that substantially 70% or more of an amount of the spray hits a preselected area of a head of an intake valve of the engine when the intake valve is closed. The preselected area is one of a first and a second area of the intake valve head which are defined by a reference boundary line extending through a base end of a stem of the intake valve. The preselected area is the first area closer to an intake manifold, while the second area is closer to an exhaust valve. This avoids rich misfire and reduces HC emissions from the engine regardless of the intake valve is in a closed state or in an open state.

Abstract: A method of operating a compression ignition engine is disclosed. The method comprises, introducing an enriching component into a combustion chamber during an intake stroke, igniting the enriching component during the compression stroke, introducing a main injection of fuel to the combustion chamber after the ignition of the enriching component, igniting the main injection of fuel, and introducing a supplemental gas to the combustion chamber after igniting the main injection of fuel.

Abstract: An intake port structure includes a collector passageway disposed in an upstream section and the first and second branching passageways disposed in a downstream section that branch from the collector passageway. The intake port structure further includes an intake air flow impact section formed on a crotch portion between first and second branching passageways against which a portion of an intake air flow from the collector passageway collides such that the portion of the intake air flow is dispersed laterally toward both sides of the intake air flow impact section. The intake air flow impact section is recessed to stem portions of intake valves, and includes first and second impact surfaces. The second impact surface is formed along the stem portions of the intake valves. A fuel spray from a fuel injector is atomized when mixed with the dispersed intake air flow in the first and second branching passageways.

Abstract: An engine ECU executes a program including the steps of: determining an airflow meter as abnormal when the number of times an injector is determined as abnormal (abnormality determination count C) is greater than a threshold value C(0) in all of a region where DI ratio r=100%, a region where DI ratio r=0%, and a region where 0%<DI ratio r<100%, and determining the airflow meter as normal when abnormality determination count C is smaller than the threshold value C(0) at least in any one region.

Abstract: The engine ECU executes the program including the step of starting a timer that counts the time elapsed from a start request, the step of detecting a temperature of the engine, and the step of calculating a DI ratio r such that the fuel is injected from the in-cylinder injector as well, when the engine is in the very cold or cold state, when there is no abnormality in the fuel system, and when starting of the engine is not yet detected even after a lapse of a predetermined period of time from the start request, only if the fuel pressure in the high-pressure system is not lower than a fuel pressure threshold value.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, Z-engine. The compression part and the working part are separated. New gas is transported to the upper side of the piston. Below there is a small chamber corner. When the piston comes nearer the upper hollow part, the combustion gases go out from the cylinder through exhaust-valves. After the changing of the gas, before filling the upper chamber, there is a secondary compression, the firing of the mix, or fire. In advance of the compression can be other than the volume of the working pistons together. The side effect of the piston can be taken away by means of a double cam mechanism.

Abstract: A method to select cylinder and valve operational modes in an internal combustion engine with valves that may be deactivated. A simplified method to select cylinder and valve modes is presented.

Abstract: A method to select cylinder and valve operational modes in an internal combustion engine with valves that may be deactivated. A simplified method to select cylinder and valve modes is presented.

Abstract: An engine air intake manifold has two main body sections that are divided along an airflow direction and mated tightly against each other at oppositely facing mating parts so as to form an air intake passage therein. A gas passage is formed along the mating parts. The gas passage opens into a downstream portion of the air intake passage and supplies a secondary additive gas thereto. Preferably, the engine air intake manifold has air intake branch pipes with valve mounting blocks for mounting air intake control valves to a downstream portion of the air intake branch pipes.

Abstract: A propulsion system for a watercraft includes an engine. An air intake device delivers air to a combustion chamber. A throttle valve regulates an amount of the air. A control device sets the throttle valve to a desired position. A remote controller provides the control device with the desired position. The engine can include an auxiliary intake device that delivers supplemental air to the combustion chamber. A control valve normally shuts the supplemental air from the combustion chamber. The control device determines whether an abnormal condition occurs in setting the throttle valve to the desired position. The control device determines whether the amount of the air is insufficient. The control device controls the control valve to allow the supplemental air to move to the combustion chamber when the control device determines that the abnormal condition occurs and the amount of the air is insufficient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a supercharged internal-combustion, notably indirect-injection engine comprising at least one cylinder (10) with two types of supercharged air intake means (12, 14), one type for non-carbureted supercharged air intake (12) and another type for carbureted supercharged air intake (14), said intake means being supplied with supercharged air by supply means (38). According to the invention, supply means (38) comprise a specific supercharged air supply device (46, 50) for each type of intake means (12, 14).

Abstract: Each cylinder is provided with an ignition plug, two intake valves, direct fuel injector, and a port fuel injector. When homogeneous combustion is demanded, the direct fuel injector and port fuel injector inject fuel on the same engine cycle. The port fuel injector is installed so that the amount of fuel directed toward outer regions of the intake valves is larger than that of fuel directed toward inner regions of the intake valves, thereby causing only fresh air to flow to regions near the inner regions of the intake valves.

Abstract: A system and method to control engine valve timing of an internal combustion engine. Electromechanical valves are controlled to improve engine fuel economy. Further, the method can adjust valve operation to provide air-fuel charge motion and increase combustion stability.

Abstract: A compression ignition engine injects fuel through injection holes of an injector at a substantially constant injection rate to atomize the fuel so that the fuel can be easily vaporized and to make the fuel penetrate an atmosphere inside a cylinder. A spatial distribution of the injected fuel in which mixing of the fuel and air is promoted as the fuel recedes from the injection hole and the fuel reaches a premixing space where the fuel is premixed with the air is provided. The engine controls oxygen concentration inside the cylinder and an ignition delay so that a ratio of a quantity of the fuel injected before a start of ignition to a total fuel injection quantity falls within a range from 25% to 50% and so that the premixed gas formed in the premixing space is combusted serially.

Abstract: A linear port and a swirl port constitute an intake port of a lean burn engine by using an integrated core. An injector is placed at a desired location of the linear port and the swirl port, thereby facilitating the manufacture of the cylinder head, reducing manufacturing cost, improving fuel economy of the engine, and reducing toxic exhaust gas.

Abstract: An intake apparatus for an internal combustion engine, including a partition extending in a longitudinal direction of an intake port so as to divide an inside region of the intake port into a first passage and a second passage, and a gas motion control valve disposed at a downstream end of an intake manifold and adjacent to an upstream end of the partition. The gas motion control valve includes a rotatable valve element and has a full-closed position where the valve element fully closes the second passage of the intake port and a full-open position where the valve element fully opens the second passage of the intake port. The valve element and the partition cooperate with each other to define an interspace between the valve element and the upstream end of the partition when the gas motion control valve is in the full-closed position.

Abstract: A system and method to control engine valve timing of an internal combustion engine. Electromechanical valves are controlled in a manner to increase fuel economy. Further, the method can adjust valve operation to regulate valve temperature.

Abstract: A system and method to control engine valves of an internal combustion engine is shown. Electromechanical valves are controlled in a manner to reduce hydrocarbon emissions of an internal combustion engine. Further, the method can adjust valve operation to account for vehicle exhaust system design.

Abstract: A cylinder intake air quantity determination device is configured to calculate a manifold internal air quantity based on an inflow air quantity and an outflow air quantity of an intake manifold. Then, a manifold internal pressure is calculated based on the manifold internal air quantity and an intake air temperature, and a cylinder internal pressure corresponding to a crank angle is calculated based on the previous cylinder intake air quantity. The cylinder intake air quantity is then calculated based on the manifold internal pressure, the cylinder internal pressure, and the intake air temperature. Thus, the cylinder intake air quantity determination device is configured to calculate the cylinder intake air quantity with a good precision.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process and a system for controlling the intake valves of an internal combustion engine comprising at least two valves per cylinder. During the closing of the intake valves of a cylinder, provisions are made for closing a first valve and then for closing a second valve, the time between the closing of the first valve and the closing of the second valve being such that it permits the propagation toward the second valve of at least one overpressure generated in the first port by the closing of the first valve.

Abstract: An SOHC-type engine in which first and second insertion/removal guide sections for guiding the insertion and removal of first and second spark plugs, respectively, are provided on a cylinder head including an intake valve and the first spark plug disposed therein and arranged along an axis of a camshaft, and an exhaust valve and the second spark plug disposed therein and arranged along the axis of the camshaft.

Abstract: Working cycle for internal combustion engines, with methods and apparatuses for managing combustion charge density, temperature, pressures and turbulence (among other characteristics). At least one embodiment describes a supercharged internal combustion engine in which a supercharging portion of air is compressed, cooled and injected late in the compression process. A sub-normal compression ratio or low “effective” compression ratio initial air charge is received by a cylinder/compression chamber on the engine intake process, which during compression produces only a fraction of heat-of-compression as that produced by a conventional engine. During compression process, dense, cooled supercharging air charge is injected, adding density and turbulence above that of conventional engines with low “effective” compression ratio for this portion of air charge also. Compression continues and near piston top dead center, the air charge being mixed with fuel is ignited for power pulse followed by scavenging.

Abstract: An intake apparatus for an internal combustion engine, including a partition dividing an intake port into a first passage and a second passage, and a gas motion control valve including a rotatable valve element disposed upstream of the partition and spaced from an upstream end thereof. The gas motion control valve has a full-closed position where the valve element prevents intake air from flowing into the second passage and a full-open position where the valve element allows the intake air to flow into the second passage. The valve element is inclined so as to guide a flow of the intake air to the first passage when the gas motion control valve is in the full-closed position. The valve element and the partition cooperate with each other to define an interspace therebetween when the gas motion control valve is in the full-closed position.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes an intake port leading to an engine cylinder. The intake port is divided into first and second passage section by a partition extending in the intake port in a longitudinal direction of the intake port. A gas motion control valve is arranged to open and close an upstream end of the second passage section. A connection passage connects an upstream end portion of the second passage section to the first passage section. A bulge is formed in a first part of a circumferential region surrounding the downstream port end so as to prevent air from being drawn from the cylinder into the second passage section.

Abstract: A valve train is disclosed for an internal combustion engine having a block, a camshaft in the block, and at least two push rods actuated by the camshaft. The valve train comprises first and second rockers, and three valves. The first rocker is actuated by one of the push rods, and the second rocker is actuated by another of the push rods. A first valve is associated with a cylinder of the engine and actuated by the first rocker. A second valve is associated with the cylinder and actuated by the first rocker, and a third valve is associated with the cylinder and actuated by the second rocker.

Abstract: In a low rotation region of an engine, valve timing of two intake valves is advanced and also one of two exhaust valves is driven by means of a cam with valve lift lower than that of the other exhaust valve, to thereby set a valve overlap period within which only one of the two exhaust valves is opened.

Abstract: A four-stroke cycle reciprocating internal combustion engine includes a piston mounted for reciprocal movement within a power cylinder and primary and secondary intake valves. The primary valve has a fixed event, in terms of both duration and lift, and the secondary valve has variable duration and lift. Although the timing of the primary and secondary valve events may be retarded from a standard timing value, both valves close at the same time regardless of the presence of timing retard. The dual event strategy, combined with camshaft timing retard for part load conditions, produces excellent charge motion by staggering the respective lifted flow areas of the primary and secondary valve events and by delaying the secondary valve opening.

Abstract: An intake system for an internal combustion engine in which the inflow characteristic of a mixture of gas is varied by a partition wall provided replaceably in an intake port opening, whereby the output characteristic of the internal combustion engine is regulated to a desired condition, and a vehicle having appropriate operating characteristics is provided. A replaceable partition wall A is mounted in an intake port opening 1a of an internal combustion engine. The partition wall A is composed of a plate P that differs in length as compared to other plates. The plate P is inserted into an upper-lower pair of grooves provided in the intake port opening 1a, whereby the plate P is replaceably mounted, and the inflow characteristic of a mixture of gas sucked in through the intake port opening 1a is varied by replacement of the plate P thus mounted, whereby the output characteristic of the internal combustion engine is regulated to a desired condition.

Abstract: An intake apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes an intake port leading to an engine cylinder. The intake port is divided into first and second passage section by a partition extending in the intake port in a longitudinal direction of the intake port. A gas motion control valve is arranged to open and close an upstream end of the second passage section. A connection passage connects an upstream end portion of the second passage section to the first passage section.

Abstract: An intake apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes an intake port having therein first and second regions extending longitudinally of the intake port. There is further provided a recirculating section defining an intake recirculation passage to recirculate part of intake air from the second region in the intake port to an upstream portion in the intake port to strengthen an intake air stream in the first region of the intake port.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a supercharged internal-combustion, notably indirect-injection engine comprising at least one cylinder (10) with two types of supercharged air intake means (12, 14), one type for non-carbureted supercharged air intake (12) and another type for carbureted supercharged air intake (14), said intake means being supplied with supercharged air by supply means (38).

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine that comprises at least two inlet valves (4) per cylinder (1) and at least two inlet channels (2, 3) leading towards said inlet valves (4). A first inlet channel (2) of said inlet channels is preferably configured as an unthrottled tangential channel. The flow through a second inlet channel (3) is controlled by a first throttle device (11) that is controlled depending on at least one engine parameter. The internal combustion engine further comprises a fuel injection device (13) per cylinder (1) that injects fuel into at least two inlet channels (2, 3). In the closed state of the first throttle device (11) a defined minimum flow through the second inlet channel (3) can be generated by means of at least one leakage opening (12) of the first throttle device (11).

Abstract: The operation modes of plural intake valves 7a and 7b provided in one cylinder is independently changed according to the drive region of the internal combustion engine. In the low air amount region, the intake airflow is controlled only with intake valve 7a which operates in the low air amount region and the other intake valve 7b is operated in the medium and high air amount regions.

Abstract: An air guide filter for an internal combustion engine includes an air filter having a pair of support rings coupled to upper and lower portions of the filter. A pleated filter plate is disposed between the support rings, and an air guide is disposed between the support rings parallel with the filter plate. The air guide comprises a plurality holes defined by half-cone cross-section depressions uniformly disposed about its face, such that, when the air guide is placed at a certain elevation angle with respect to the support rings, air flowing into the filter is guided, rotated and mixed with fuel to generate a uniform air-fuel mixture. The uniform mixture improves combustion and engine performance.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system includes a drop ejector for discretely ejecting drops of combustible liquid in a digital manner. A controller is configured to cause the drop ejector to provide a first air/fuel mixture to a combustion chamber for a first portion of a fuel intake period and to provide a second air/fuel mixture to said combustion chamber for a second portion of the same fuel intake period.

Abstract: A valve system for an engine is provided. The valve system includes a cylinder head that defines an intake passageway, an exhaust passageway, and an auxiliary passageway. The auxiliary passageway includes a first connection with the intake passageway and a second connection with the exhaust passageway. A control valve is disposed in the auxiliary passageway. The control valve is moveable between a first position where the control valve blocks the first connection between the auxiliary passageway and the intake passageway and a second position where control valve blocks the second connection between the auxiliary passageway and the exhaust passageway.

Abstract: A throttle valve device is arranged in the midstream of an individual passage consisting of a low-speed individual intake passage and a high-speed individual intake passage on the downstream of a surge tank. A valve body is rotatably provided in the throttle valve device. The inside of the valve body is formed with an in-valve low-speed passage and an in-valve high-speed passage that are adjacently placed with respect to the rotational axis of the valve body. The intake air supply is performed through only the low-speed individual passage when the opening of the valve body is equal to or less than a predetermined value, and through both the low-speed individual intake passage and high-speed individual intake passage when the opening of the valve body is larger than the predetermined value.

Abstract: A four-stroke cycle reciprocating internal combustion engine includes a piston mounted for reciprocal movement within a power cylinder and primary and secondary intake valves. The primary valve has a fixed event, in terms of both duration and lift, and the secondary valve has variable duration and lift. Although the timing of the primary and secondary valve events may be retarded from a standard timing value, both valves close at the same time regardless of the presence of timing retard. The dual event strategy, combined with camshaft timing retard for part load conditions, produces excellent charge motion by staggering the respective lifted flow areas of the primary and secondary valve events and by delaying the secondary valve opening.

Abstract: A cylinder head of an internal combustion engine comprises a structure cast in metal, the structure defining therein an intake port and having a side wall surface from which an upstream end of the intake port is exposed to the outside; and a partition plate of metal installed in the intake port to divide the same into two parallel intake conduits, the partition plate having lateral edges which are embedded in an inner wall of the intake port. The partition plate has an upstream edge which includes a major straight portion and two projected end portions which are provided on both ends of the major straight portion respectively, and the major straight portion is positioned inside relative to the side wall surface and the two projected end portions have upstream edges which are embedded in the inner wall of the intake port and machined to be flush with the side wall surface.

Abstract: The invention comprises at least two independent intake ports 14a, 14b connected to a combustion chamber 15, two intake valves 12a, 12b, and two exhaust valves 13a, 13b. Upper and lower channels 22a, 22b which are defined by a partition wall, and an intake control valve 25 for opening and closing the lower side channel 22b are provided in the interior of the first intake port 14a. An intake control valve 26 for opening and closing the first intake port 14b is also provided. The invention further comprises a controller 50 for controlling the opening and closing of the intake control valves 25 and 26, and the degree of opening of these intake control valves 25 and 26 is controlled in accordance with the operating conditions.

Abstract: A valve actuating apparatus for an internal combustion engine selectively operating in the normal Otto cycle or the Miller cycle is provided which enables the engine to achieve stable combustion and improved fuel economy during cruising or in a low-load engine operating region. A delayed-closing cam for Miller cycle operation and a normal cam having a cam profile for earlier valve-closing timing of the intake valve than a cam profile of the delayed-closing cam are provided on a camshaft. A cam profile-switching mechanism switches between the delayed-closing cam and the normal cam, for opening and closing the intake valve. An ECU controls the switching mechanism such that when a detected operating condition of the engine indicates starting or idling, the intake valve is operated by the normal cam, and when the detected operating condition indicates cruising, the intake valve is operated by the delayed-closing cam.

Abstract: A valve system for an engine is provided. The valve system includes a cylinder head that defines an intake passageway, an exhaust passageway, and an auxiliary passageway. The auxiliary passageway includes a first connection with the intake passageway and a second connection with the exhaust passageway. A control valve is disposed in the auxiliary passageway. The control valve is moveable between a first position where the control valve blocks the first connection between the auxiliary passageway and the intake passageway and a second position where control valve blocks the second connection between the auxiliary passageway and the exhaust passageway.

Abstract: An intake system for an internal combustion engine in which the inflow characteristic of a mixture of gas is varied by a partition wall provided replaceably in an intake port opening, whereby the output characteristic of the internal combustion engine is regulated to a desired condition, and a vehicle having appropriate operating characteristics is provided. A replaceable partition wall A is mounted in an intake port opening 1a of an internal combustion engine. The partition wall A is composed of a plate P that differs in length as compared to other plates. The plate P is inserted into an upper-lower pair of grooves provided in the intake port opening 1a, whereby the plate P is replaceably mounted, and the inflow characteristic of a mixture of gas sucked in through the intake port opening 1a is varied by replacement of the plate P thus mounted, whereby the output characteristic of the internal combustion engine is regulated to a desired condition.

Abstract: An internal-combustion engine with two inlet valves for each cylinder is provided with an electronically controlled system for actuating said valves. The electronic control unit is programmed so as to control in a differentiated way the two inlet valves according to a first law of opening and closing and a second law of opening and closing, which are different from one another. The electronic control means are moreover designed for reversing with respect to one another the laws of opening and closing of the two inlet valves at each operating cycle of the engine or else with a periodicity equal to more than one operating cycle of the engine, so that each of the two inlet valves alternately follows the first law and the second law of opening and closing.

Abstract: In the present invention, there is provided a cylinder head in which seat rings, against which are placed intake valves, are mounted respectively on a plurality of intake ports that communicate with a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and, among the plurality of intake ports, an intake port on which is mounted an eccentric seat ring, with a center of an inner diameter of this eccentric seat ring being eccentric relative to a center of an outer diameter of this eccentric seat ring, is present together with an intake port on which is mounted a standard seat ring, with a center of an inner diameter of this standard seat ring matching a center of an outer diameter of this standard seat ring. As a result, a flow coefficient can be secured using the intake port on which the standard seat ring is mounted, and the swirl flow can be strengthened using the intake port on which the eccentric seat ring is mounted.

Abstract: The invention comprises at least two independent intake ports 14a, 14b connected to a combustion chamber 15, two intake valves 12a, 12b, and two exhaust valves 13a, 13b. A first fuel injection valve 31a is provided in the first intake port 14a and a second intake control valve 26 is provided for opening and closing the second intake port 14b. When the engine is in the cold condition, the second intake control valve 26 is slightly opened and fuel is injected from the first fuel injection valve 31b. Air-fuel mixture from the first intake port 14a and a smaller amount of fresh air from the second intake port 14b are introduced [into the combustion chamber], and the overall air-fuel ratio inside the combustion chamber is controlled to become slightly lean.

Abstract: A multicylinder petrol engine is provided with a hydraulic system for variable actuation of the valves, which enables easy control of operation of the engine according to different strategies. The engines according to the invention is, in particular, able to operate with a variable engine displacement in a modular way via the exclusion of selected cylinders, to control combustion by adjustment of the effective compression ration, and to control re-circulation of the exhaust gases at intake, in order to achieve low levels of consumption and reduced harmful exhaust emissions.

Abstract: A control device for a multicylinder spark-ignition engine includes a flow path switching unit for switching intake and exhaust flow paths between a two-cylinder interconnect configuration and an independent cylinder configuration and an air-fuel ratio control unit. In a low-load, low-speed operating range, the flow path switching unit switches the engine to the two-cylinder interconnect configuration, and the air-fuel ratio control unit produces a lean mixture having an air-fuel ratio larger than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio by a specific amount in preceding cylinders by injecting fuel thereinto and an air-fuel ratio approximately equal to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio in following cylinders by supplying fuel together with burned gas of a lean mixture state discharged from the preceding cylinders into the following cylinders to perform combustion in special operation mode.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to improve fuel economy by means of lean combustion, and in particular to improve fuel economy on a low load side and during idling. Burned gas discharged from an exhaust stroke side preceding cylinder of a pair of cylinders having an overlapping exhaust stroke and intake stroke is introduced as is into an intake stroke side following cylinder through an intercylinder gas channel, and only the gas which is discharged from the following cylinder is led into an exhaust passage. Particularly during low loads and idling, combustion is performed in the preceding cylinder at an ultra-lean air-fuel ratio of at least three times the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and in the following cylinder, combustion is performed by spark ignition at a substantially stoichiometric air-fuel ratio by feeding fuel to the burned gas introduced from the preceding cylinder. In the following cylinder, combustion is performed through compression ignition in accordance with increases in the load.

Abstract: In a partial load range of the engine, control of the flowing state of sucked and discharged gas is executed between a pair of cylinders, an exhaust stroke of one of the cylinders overlapping with an intake stroke of the other, so that burnt gas discharged from preceding cylinders 2A, 2D on the exhaust-stroke side is introduced, in a state where it has been discharged, through an inter-cylindrical gas passage 22 into following cylinders 2B, 2C on the intake stroke side. In a higher load range than the partial load range, control is executed so that a fresh-air introducing valve 18 disposed in a fresh-air introduction passage of the following cylinders 2B, 2C is opened, both the burnt gas and fresh air are introduced into the following cylinders 2B, 2C, and fuel is supplied to conduct combustion in the following cylinders 2B, 2C.