Abstract: A cylinder head for a four-cycle engine having combustion chamber holes formed in the lower surface thereof, and mounting at least one rotatable cam shaft along the upper surface. The cylinder head may also mount a rocker shaft to permit use with either a 1-cam 2-valve engine or a 1-cam 4-valve engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a combustion chamber with a suction opening; an inlet valve for closing the suction opening; a fluid supply line with an open end; and a gaseous medium supply line with an open end. The open end of the fluid supply line is in close proximity to the suction opening. The gaseous medium supply line surrounds a portion of the fluid supply line in the vicinity of the open end of the fluid supply line. The open end of the gaseous medium supply line is in close proximity to the open end of the fluid supply line. And the open end of the gaseous medium supply line is directed toward the suction opening of the combustion chamber. In operation, fluid is supplied through the fluid supply line in such small quantities that the fluid is in an almost pressure-free condition at the open end of the fluid supply line.

Abstract: The invention concerns a supercharged internal combustion engine in which two inlet ducts, which can be closed by inlet valves and whose flows are separated from one another, and two exhaust ducts which can be closed by exhaust valves enter the combustion space of a cylinder, one inlet duct and one exhaust duct being associated with one exhaust gas turbocharger. In order to achieve both a rapid build-up of supercharge pressure in the case of positive load changes and also an optimum homogenization of the mixture in the combustion space, the two exhaust ducts are also arranged so that their flows are separated and the inlet and exhaust side connected to the same exhaust gas turbocharger can be closed by one shut-off element each.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a carburetor and cylinders, each cylinder having two fuel/air intake ports, and also provided is a first manifold runner system having a fuel/air intake end communicating with one barrel of the carburetor, and a fuel/air delivery end communicating with one of the fuel/air intake ports at certain cylinders, and a second manifold runner system having a fuel/air intake end communicating with another barrel of the carburetor, and a fuel/air delivery end communicating with the other of the fuel/air intake ports at engine cylinders.

Abstract: A fuel injector assembly in an engine having a plurality of cylinders and intake passages opening respectively into the cylinders includes a housing mounted in each of the intake passages, and a plurality of solenoid-operated fuel injection valves connected to a fuel supply source for injecting fuel through the intake passage into each of the cylinders. The solenoid-operated fuel injection valves are accommodated in the housing. The housing has a magnetic shield layer such as an air gap disposed between the fuel injection valve means. The fuel injection valves are supplied with fuel from the fuel supply source through a common fuel supply passage defined in the housing.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine with two or more cylinders and two inlet valves per cylinder, in which the intake passages of two adjacent cylinders, which lead towards the inlet valves, are located side by side, symmetrically relative to the symmetry plane of the two cylinders, and in which the cylinder head is made in one piece and has one common inlet flange with an inlet channel, which is flow-connected, past a lug receiving one of the cylinder head studs, with the intake passages formed by guiding surfaces and leading towards the individual inlet valves, the intake passages leading to the inlet valves positioned at a lesser distance in the direction of flow are guided on one side of the lug and the intake passages leading to the inlet valves positioned at a greater distance are guided on the other side of the lug, and the inlet valves of the adjacent cylinders are controlled in such a way that the cylinders are fed with combustion air at different points in time.

Abstract: An engine induction system for providing air to the cylinders of an engine. The induction system includes a primary plenum and a primary runner leading therefrom to each cylinder. A primary inlet valve is generally adjacent the inlet to the primary plenum. Each of the primary runners is tuned to facilitate cylinder charging at a predetermined lower range of engine speeds. The induction system includes a secondary plenum and a secondary runner leading therefrom to each cylinder. Each of the secondary runners is tuned to facilitate cylinder charging at a predetermined higher range of engine speeds. The induction system includes valves which are operable to close at the predetermined lower range of engine speeds to obstruct air flow into the secondary plenum and the secondary runners, and to open at the predetermined higher range of engine speeds to allow air flow through the secondary plenum and the secondary runners.

Abstract: A two-stroke engine including a pair of intake valves which are symmetrically arranged with respect to a symmetrical plane including the axis of the cylinder. A masking wall is provided for each intake valve to mask the valve opening between the valve seat and the peripheral portion of the intake valve, which is located on the exhaust valve side, for the entire time for which the intake valve is open. These masking walls are also symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetrical plane.

Abstract: An improved pent roof configured combustion chamber for an internal combustion engine wherein the pent roof has a generally D configuration in top plan view so as to prevent opposing squish flow and to generate swirls within the combustion chamber as the piston approaches top dead center.

Abstract: In a multi-cylinder engine, equipped with at least two induction valves per cylinder, with one of said valves having a narrower induction and crossing stroke, and with another of said at least two valves having a wider induction and crossing stroke, and with a choke valve per each cylinder, the invention provides for a fuel injector to be installed substantially in correspondence of the induction valve having the narrower induction stroke and crossing.

Abstract: A cylinder bore for an internal-combustion or the like engine, having additional valve ports and an additional combustion chamber machined inside the cylinder wall, is disclosed. Said cylinder bore enables excellent volumetric efficiency and a two-step combustion process which comprises burning of two air-fuel mixtures having different compression ratios and different air-fuel ratios. Increased air provided for the combustion process and better distribution of combustion pressure will result with much more power delivered by engine and less emissions released into the atmosphere.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which each cylinder has a plurality of inlet ports (17,19) and a plurality of outlet ports (14), each port being openable and closeable by means of a respective valve (12,13,11). The inlet and outlet valves (12,13,11) are disposed with their center lines substantially on opposite sides of a cylinder center plane (16) and angled generally towards said center plane (16). There are three, or possibly more, valves on at least one of said sides, arranged with two outer valves (12) separated by one, or possibly more, inner valve (13). The angle of inclination with respect to said center plane (16) for the outer valves (12) is less than or equal to the angle of inclination for the inner valve (13). The valves are preferably operated directly with a separate camshaft (18,20,15) being provided for each one or more valves inclined at the same angle.

Abstract: An intake system with a simple and compact structure for an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders each cylinder having an intake port, the opening timing of the intake ports being determined so that that of each cylinder overlaps with that of another in which the intake stroke takes place subsequently to that in the former, the intake system comprising intake passges each being connected to the intake port of one of the cylinders, a juction portion connected to the respective intake passages, a resonance intake passage connected to the junction portion at one end thereof, in which the intake pressure resonance effect is to be produced and control valves provided in the respective intake passages, the opening timing of the respective control valves being determined so as to be retarded relative to that of said respective intake ports under at least a low speed and heavy load engine operating condition.

Abstract: For charging the combustion chambers (10) provided with an inlet (14) and an outlet (16) valve of an IC engine of the piston type there is a charger (20) producing a continuous pressure and pumping into a storage space (28). In a way dependent on the ignition frequency of the associated combustion chambers (10) an air control valve (34) is opened and closed which is arranged between the storage space (28) and an inlet duct (36) leading to the inlet valve (14) of these combustion chambers (10). The phase relationship of the valve (34) to the inlet valve (14) may be changed in a way dependent on the required manner of operation of the engine between a position concentrating the air supply from the storage space (28) on the start of inlet and a position concentrating the supply on the end of inlet to such combustion chambers (10), each duct (40) supplying each combustion with non-compressed charge being shut off on the side of the combustion chamber to be supplied.

Abstract: A method for controlling the air/fuel ratio of the intake air mixture supplied to an internal combustion engine having multiple cylinders and a valve operating mechanism for switching the magnitude of the intake valve openings for low and high speed operation. The method includes the step of providing a lean air/fuel ratio at low speeds and the step of gradually varying the air/fuel ratio of a range of engine speeds that include the speed at which the valve operation is switched to avoid any possible abrupt change in engine output upon switching the valve operation.

Abstract: A multiple intake poppet valve array for use with a single charge carrying intake duct to an engine cylinder in a four cycle internal combustion engine to include three or more annular intake poppet valves and annular valve seats (ports) in fluid communication with said duct and said cylinder for opening and sealing said duct, intake valve lifting and closing means, wherein the area of the duct, the total area of the ports, and the area of the open valves are substantially equal for optimum charge flow at a valve lift distance that occurs earlier and that extends duration when compared with a single poppet valve servicing a similar duct.

Abstract: An induction system for an internal combustion engine wherein each cylinder is served by a pair of intake pasasges having significantly different lengths for tuning them for different engine running requirements. A throttle valve arrangement controls the flow through the intake passages and the selection of the appropriate length for a given running condition.

Abstract: A two-stroke engine having an intake valve and an exhaust valve which are arranged on the cylinder head. The peripheral portions of the inner wall of the cylinder head around the intake and the exhaust valves are cut away, and the peripheral portions of the top portion of the inner wall of the cylinder bore around the intake and the exhaust valves are cut away. A masking wall is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder head to mask the valve opening between the valve seat and the peripheral portion of the intake valve, which is located on the exhaust valve side, for the entire time for which the intake valve is open.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine for a vehicle comprising three intake ports for each combustion chamber, three intake valves for opening and closing the intake ports, and an intake passage connected to the combustion chamber through the three intake ports, the lower-course region of the intake passage on the intake-port side being divided into three separate branch intake passages leading to the individual intake ports. The internal combustion engine according to the present invention further comprises a fuel injection valve disposed on the upper-course side of the branch intake passages of the intake passage, the injection valve having three jets through which atomized fuel flows of substantially equal quantities are injected toward their corresponding branch intake passages.

Abstract: A composite intake manifold system for supplying intake air to an internal combustion engine includes an intake distribution chamber coupled to a throttle valve disposed upstream thereof in a direction in which the intake air flows, longer and shorter intake pipes extending from the intake distribution chamber, bypass valves disposed in the shorter intake pipes, respectively, the longer and shorter intake pipes being joined into intake passages downstream of the bypass valves in the direction of air-flow, the intake passages being adapted to be connected to respective cylinders of the internal combustion engine. The amount of the intake air to flow into the intake distribution chamber is adjusted by the throttle valve. The bypass valves are controlled so as to be selectively fully closed, partly opened, and fully opened according to operating conditions of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engines comprises at least one exhaust valve made of ceramics per each engine cylinder and a pluarality of intake valves made of steel. The relation in number and valve head diameter between the intake and exhaust valves is designed so as to give Pe<Pi and De>Di where Pe is the number of exhaust valves per each engine cylinder, Pi is the number of intake valve per each engine cylinder, De is the valve head diameter of the exhaust valves and Di is the valve head diameter of the intake valve.

Abstract: An engine induction system for reducing engine pumping losses provides for a minimum of two intake valves per cylinder, a primary and secondary, with valve port activation means associated with the secondary valves to control air flow to them so that at light loads only air flows through the primary intake valves, the secondary valves providing air flow at heavier loads, the primary intake valve openings being controlled so that no more than one primary valve is open at any one time; i.e., there is no overlap in openings between primary intake valves, which produces pumping losses at light loads when intake manifold vacuum is high.

Abstract: An internal combustion reciprocating piston engine is provided with a single overhead camshaft which operates six valves associated with a single combustion chamber by desmodromic valve gear. As viewed in a direction along the camshaft, the valves are mutually divergent in the direction from the camshaft towards the combustion chamber and some valve pairs are more divergent than the other valve pairs.

Abstract: An intake system for internal combustion engines, comprising suction pipes of different lengths, which can be connected individually--preferably in accordance with the engine speed--to the intake passage in the cylinder head leading to the intake valve. The main intake pipe is connected to each intake passage by means of a connecting piece, and three suction passages of different lengths departing from the main intake pipe open into this connecting piece either in the direction of its axis or on opposite sides thereof, the connecting piece containing a butterfly control valve which is centrally mounted on a shaft parallel to the longitudinal axis of the engine, and which--in its two extreme positions and in its center position--establishes the flow connection between one of the suction passages and the intake passage.

Abstract: A cylinder head for a valve-controlled internal combustion engine having a bottom surface which faces into an associated combustion chamber and a plurality of spaced valve openings therethrough and also an injector bore for induction of fuel or ignition spark through the combustion face of said cylinder head into the cylinder, said bottom surface or combustion face of said cylinder head having a circular cut-out portion located radially spaced between said injector bore and the center lines of said valve openings, with said cut-out possibly intersecting each of said valve openings.

Abstract: A spark ignited four stroke cycle internal combustion engine having variable volume combustion chamber, ignition means to provide an ignition point in said combustion chamber, a valve controlled inlet port communicating the combustion chamber with an air induction passage through which air flows to the engine. The induction passage including a wall shaped to direct at least part of the air flowing along said wall portion when the port is open in a generally helical path about the port axis and when the port is open, the air flowing is directed into the combustion chamber to establish therein a generally helical air flow. A fuel injector nozzle located to deliver fuel into the induction passage on the opposite side of the inlet port axis to said wall portion of the induction passage and on a trajectory through the port when open to form an ignitable fuel cloud at the ignition point.

Abstract: A variable air induction control system for an internal combustion engine. The engine intake passage is divided into a long and small diameter main passage and a short and large diameter auxiliary passage. The auxiliary passage is provided with a valve which is opened and closed to adjust the air flow rate. The system is arranged such that, in accordance with the cylinder pressure, the intake air passes through the main intake passage during low speed engine operation and through both the main and auxiliary passages during high speed engine operation, whereby the air induction efficiency (charging efficiency) is enhanced and the engine output increased. As knocking is more likely to occur when the air induction efficiency is high, the opening/closing of the valve is controlled depending on whether or not knocking occurs. Moreover, it may be arranged such that when knocking does occur, it is first coped with by retarding the ignition and if knocking cannot be eliminated in this way, the air intake is adjusted.

Abstract: A two-stroke engine having an intake valve and an exhaust valve which are arranged on the cylinder head. A masking wall is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder head to mask the valve opening between the valve seat and the peripheral portion of the intake valve, which is located on the exhaust valve side, for the entire time for which the intake valve is open.

Abstract: In the embodiment of the invention described in the specification, two inlet valves associated with a cylinder of an internal combustion engine are supplied through two separate inlet lines. One of the inlet valves is supplied with air and fuel at all engine speeds, and the other inlet valve is supplied with supplementary air at higher engine speeds only. The valve opening curves are so chosen that gas return flows are avoided in the case of the gas and air inlet valve, and a scavenging effect is achieved by maintaining the supplementary air inlet valve open for a longer time.

Abstract: A spark-ignition internal combustion engine having an intake passageway diverging into first and second intake passage portions leading to combustion chambers of the engine. A blocking valve is movably disposed in the second intake passage portion and be adapted to close in a low engine load operating range while open in a high engine load operating range. The engine is provided with a control unit for controlling operation of the blocking valve and of a spark plug for each combustion chamber. Under the action of the control unit, spark timing of the spark plug is controlled to be advanced in the high engine load operating range relative to that in the low engine load operating range. Additionally, degree of such spark timing advance is reduced during a transition time period from initiation to completion of opening operation of the blocking valve. Degree of such spark timing advance reduction is controlled to vary with time lapse during the transition time period.

Abstract: The intake system is connected to a cylinder head of the internal-combustion engine that, for each cylinder, has two intake ducts. The intake ducts are located on a joint plane extending vertically with respect to the cylinder bore axis. A curve-shaped pipe body piece of the intake system leads away from the cylinder in which the ducts are continued and have an interlaced course with respect to one another. This course is developed in such a way that, in a horizontal plane extending away from the cylinder head, the ducts are located next to one another--seen in transverse direction of the internal-combustion engine.

Abstract: A high performance, high reliability internal combustion engine comprises a 90-degree Vee-six cylinder block with six valves per cylinder, three intake and three exhaust ones, arranged circumferentially to the cylinder and having the top ends of their stems aligned along parallel axes.

Abstract: A four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine including a scavenging air system to minimize the emission of oxides of nitrogen. The engine includes a scavenging valve to admit scavenging air into the cylinder, and the scavenging valve is so oriented as to cause scavenging air to flow radially toward the center of the cylinder. The inlet valve and valve seat are configured in such a way as to cause the air-fuel mixture to circulate circumferentially within the cylinder and a spark plug is provided to ignite the air-fuel mixture. Additionally, an air charging system is provided to pressurize the air that is introduced for scavenging purposes, and a portion of the air from the air charging system is conveyed to an air cooling system, within which the fuel is added to the air, whereupon the air-fuel mixture is cooled to a temperaturea below the temperature of the scavenging air.

Abstract: An engine intake system including a main intake passage leading through an intake port to a combustion chamber, an auxiliary intake passage branched from the main intake passage and opened to the intake passage, and a control valve provided in the main intake passage and adapted to be opened under a heavy load engine operation and closed under a light load engine operation. A fuel injection valve is provided in the auxiliary intake passage close to the opening of the intake port to the combustion chamber to inject fuel toward the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A spacer, which is interposed between a cylinder head and an intake manifold in order to facilitate installation of a swirl control valve or valves, is made of thermosetting phenol or epoxy resin so as to prevent the transfer of heat from the cylinder head to the intake manifold. The spacer installs thereon a fuel injector or injectors and may be provided with a fuel supply passage, pressure regulator, fuel damper, etc. as an integral unit.

Abstract: An improved induction system for a V type engine that is tuned for substantially all running conditions and which is nevertheless compact in construction. The system includes a pair of plenum chambers each disposed adjacent one of the cylinder heads of the engine. Each cylinder head has at least two intake passages serving the respective cylinder bores and a first conduit extends from the adjacent plenum chamber to one of the intake passages and a second conduit extends from the other of the plenum chambers to the other intake passage. The plenum chambers communicate with each other at their opposite ends to improve air flow and a common inlet opening serves each plenum chamber inlet. A throttle valve arrangement is also incorporated so that good performance is achieved under all running conditions. The throttle valve arrangement includes a throttle valve that controls the flow through the interconnecting passage.

Abstract: A compound induction system for an internal combustion engine embodying at least two intake passages serving each combustion chamber. A throttle valve arrangement is incorporated for controlling the flow through one of the intake passages and this throttle valve is opened in a staged sequence so that that induction passage will not act as a side branch resonant chamber under any experienced running conditions.

Abstract: An arrangement for an internal-combustion engine having at least two intake valves for achieving a more abundant course of the torque in the partial-load operation and a high output in the full-load operation, is equipped with separate intake pipes that are dimensioned differently with respect to their length and/or their diameter and separately lead to the intake valves. The shorter intake pipe is closable by a flap. Each intake pipe is equipped with a separate fuel injection valve. A total fuel quantity that is determined by an injection control computer, during the opening and closing of the flap, corresponding to the flow conditions that change in the intake pipes, is apportioned to the two intake pipes via the injection valves. As a result, in addition to the favorable operating behavior of the internal-combustion engine, in the whole torque and load range, an optimal apportioning and formation of the mixture is achieved, even during the opening and closing of the flap.

Abstract: A valve apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes an intake valve plate and an exhaust valve plate mounted side-by-side for longitudinal reciprocable, slidable movement over the mouth or opening of the combustion cylinder. Each of the slidable valve plates includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced movable valve ports which are adapted to register with corresponding fixed valve ports in the valve head on the opposite side of the slidable valve plates from the engine cylinder.

Abstract: Four-stroke combustion engine comprising a cylinder block having a cylinder in which a piston can move, a cylinder head with an intake manifold whose intake opening forms part of the cylinder head, said opening being opened or closed by an intake valve and with a by-pass which is separated from the main inlet channel and has a discharge opening direct into said inlet channel, upstream of the valve, whereby besides the by-pass (2) for air in the main inlet channel (6) also an injector (1) opens into this intake manifold (6) in such a place and such a position that the center line of the fuel jet is directed at the foot of the inlet valve (5).

Abstract: In a four-valve engine having a pair of intake ports and a pair of exhaust ports, the hole for inserting the spark plug or the fuel injection nozzle is obliquely formed between the exhaust ports so that one end of the hole opens in the lower surface of the cylinder head at the center of the combustion chamber and the other end of the hole opens between the spring seat portions for the exhaust valve springs and the opening of the exhaust ports in the side face of the cylinder head.

Abstract: An engine intake system including an intake passage opening to the combustion chamber through an intake port having an intake valve. A control valve is provided in the intake valve for cyclically opening the intake passage. Upstream the control valve, the intake passage is provided with a tank which functions to reverse the negative pressure propagated from the control valve into a positive pressure which is then transmitted to the combustion chamber to increase the intake charge. A timing control mechanism is provided for retarding the opening timing of the control valve in a low speed, high load engine operation.

Abstract: A system is provided for an automotive engine comprising two intake valves for one cylinder, and a camshaft having cams for operating the intake valves. One of the cams is rotatably and axially slidably mounted on the camshaft. An eccentric conical hole is in a side of the cam and an eccentric conical portion is formed on the camshaft. A hydraulic cylinder is formed between the cam and the camshaft to form an oil chamber so as to shift the cam, and a spring is provided for urging the cam to the oil chamber. When the cam is shifted by the operation of the cylinder, the eccentric conical hole of the cam is engaged with the conical portion at a predetermined angular position.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling inlet air flow in an internal combustion engine having a turbo-supercharger which includes an air compressor connected to a combustion chamber through two intake passages. An air flow control valve is provided in one of the intake passages and is closed while the engine is running in the accelerating transitional condition and until the pressure of the compressed air pressure reaches a predetermined value. At the same time, the ignition timing is delayed.

Abstract: Each cylinder of a multi-valve engine is provided with a bifurcate induction port which has a partition wall; a fuel injector which injects fuel toward the partition wall so that fuel is distributed into the two branches which lead to the inlet valves; and a flow control valve is disposed upstream of the partition wall and formed with one or more apertures which when the valve is closed, direct a flow or flows of air which pass close to the partition wall, entrain the injected fuel and induce a turbulent mixing action which forms an ignitable cloud of air-fuel mixture in close proximity to the spark plug.

Abstract: Several embodiments of induction systems for internal combustion engines that improve maximum power and also provide good running at low and medium speeds with a good torque curve throughout the engine speed range. Each embodiment includes a pair of intake passages that serve each chamber of the engine through a respective pair of intake valves. The intake passages are each tuned to serve a different running condition of the engine.

Abstract: Several embodiments of induction systems for internal combustion engines wherein each chamber of the engine is served by a relatively long low speed induction passage and a relatively short high speed induction passage. The arrangements of the passages is such that the change in length is achieved quite simply by positioning a throttle valve at the upstream end of the short induction passage and having both passages communicate with an air inlet device. Several embodiments of throttle valve arrangements are also disclosed wherein a single throttle valve can control the flow through two adjacent induction passages.

Abstract: In order to avoid fuel injection nozzles with a control range extending over the entire load range of the engine, in an internal combustion engine equipped with two intake pipes per cylinder and wherein, furthermore, one intake manifold each supplies intake pipes optimized for low air throughput ranges for high air throughput ranges, there are provided in only one each of the intake pipes fuel injection nozzles each associated individually with one intake pipe, which nozzles are designed for the requirements in a low air throughput range while a fuel injection nozzle common to all cylinders is provided in the intake manifold associated with the other intake pipes.

Abstract: An intake system for an internal combustion engine comprises a first valve provided to open and close an intake passage leading to each combustion chamber, a bypass passage for introducing intake air into each combustion chamber bypassing the first valve, and a second valve provided to open and close each of the bypass passages. The first valves are operated to close the respective intake passages in a light load range and to open the same in a heavy load range. The second valve is operated to close the bypass passage in the middle of each intake stroke. The first valves are controlled so that the opening of the intake passages is increased as the engine load increases after exceeding a predetermined value, and the second valve is controlled to delay the time the bypass passage is closed with increase in the engine load so that the time the bypass passage is opened overlaps with the time the intake valve is opened when the engine load reaches the predetermined value.

Abstract: In order to improve air-fuel mixture uniformity and enhance charging efficiency during high engine speed operation and to obviate noise produced as hot exhaust gases flow at sonic velocity back into the induction system and the formation of carbon deposits which can induce valve "stick", the inlet valve which controls the induction passage utilized during low engine speed operation is opened before the one which controls the induction passage which is rendered effective during high speed, and with an overlap with the exhaust valve.