Abstract: A diamond segment or insert for the cutting of hard materials and provided with dead holes formed in one of its faces and shaped and distributed in such a way that all the cross-sections perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool originate full surfaces whose areas are all substantially equal to each other and in a constant ratio with the area of the rated cross-section of the tool, whatever the degree of wear of the tool may be; the holes have a depth greater than half the thickness of the tool and are disposed on the disk or the tool intended to be used for the cutting alternately turned through 180.degree. with respect to each other; the holes may be filled with an aphonous abrasive or superabrasive material.

Abstract: A super abrasive cutting saw includes a cutting saw plate formed with concave sections in spaced relation around its periphery. The concave sections alternate with convex sections. Each successive convex section is bent outward toward the opposite surface of the cutting saw plate from the next convex section. A sinter is bonded to the periphery of the cutting saw blade by heating two bodies of a compressed powder formed of material which includes super abrasives and pressing them on the saw plate to be sintered there. Concave and convex portions of the two bodies are formed fused so that the convexities of each oppose the concavities of the other. The border thus formed is extended in zigzag fashion in the direction of thickness of the cutting saw plate corresponding to concave and convex sections thereof. The concave sections of the periphery of the cutting saw plate are deep enough and the inner rim of the sinter is placed for defining holes through the plate for plate cooling and air turbulence generation.

Abstract: A masonry blade adapted for cutting green concrete and asphalt reduces undercutting and extends blade life by generating turbulent flow within the swarf adjacent to the bond line between the cutting segments and the blade core. Turbulence is created by forming the leading surface of at least one of the cutting elements with a radial dimension greater than its trailing surface and greater than corresponding surfaces of standard elements. The opening of the blade gullets is maintained within predetermined limits to prevent blade vibration.

Abstract: A saw for cutting thin disks from a bar includes a thin blade provided with an inner hole and having in the peripheral region of that hole a diamond coating which has a different thickness on two opposing external sides of the blade to avoid bending of the blade due to a non-uniform loading of the blade. The coating is thicker on the non-stable side of the blade, which faces the disk being cut off.

Abstract: An internal peripheral edge type blade holding device for use in an internal peripheral edge type slicing machine used when a silicone ingot is sliced into thin pieces each having a thickness of the order of several hundred microns in a semiconductor manufacturing process. In the blade holding device, a head assembly for stretching and holding an internal peripheral edge blade is supported to a rotary plate through 4 plate springs spaced at 90.degree. intervals. Accordingly, when stretching the internal peripheral edge blade, even if the tension assembly is deformed because of the anisotropic property of the blade, such deformation can be absorbed by the plate springs and thus is not transmitted to the rotary plate, so that the swaying of the edge of the internal peripheral edge blade can be prevented in cutting the ingot.

Abstract: A multi-blade inner hole saw for the sawing of crystal rods or blocks, such as solar cell base material on a silicon base, into thin wafers has saw blades arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the bearing on either side of a common drive cylinder. In the sawing operation, the workpieces are sawn synchronously by the saw blades.

Abstract: A cutting blade (1) comprising a disc (2) intended for rotation and having attachment means arranged in its center of rotation (3') and teeth (5) or the like arranged on the periphery thereof. Formed in the disc (2) are slots (7, 8) or recesses which extend from the radially inward part (3) of the disc out towards its periphery (6) in a manner to form therebetween elongated disc-material sections (11, 11'). Arranged on one side of a line (12) which extends between the rotational center (3') and that part (11a) of the material section (11) facing the periphery is a zone (13), preferably a material zone, adapted when subjected to high load to take-up elastically, or substantially elastically, substantially all the changes in length and/or shape occuring primarily in the peripheral part (6) of the disc as a result of centrifugal forces, variations in heat etc.

Abstract: An abrasive cutting blade having very high rigidity, has a core which is a disc of low porosity, polycrystalline structural ceramic and an abrasive material adhered to the periphery thereof. The structural ceramic may be conductive or non-conductive and the abrasive may be adhered by resin bonding, electroplating, sintering or pressing.

Abstract: An improved diamond abrasive saw blade comprising a steel disc having a plurality of slots and resultant projections at its periphery and a plurality of `L` or `T` shaped cutting segments affixed alternatingly in line inversed to each other at the periphery of said disc is described. Also described is a method of retrofitting prior art worn out used blades with novel cutting segments of this invention.

Abstract: A cutting segment adapted for mounting on a circular cutting wheel is disclosed, and which is characterized by its ability to provide a grooved cutting surface that accurately guides the circular wheel to which it is attached through stone, concrete or the like. The cutting segment includes a unitary solid metallic body that has a top wall which defines a cutting surface, a bottom wall opposite the cutting surface, two opposite flat side walls and two opposite end walls. At least one of the end walls includes a recessed channel which extends between and intersects the cutting surface and the bottom wall. The channel defines a central portion on the cutting surface that is contiguous with the intersection of the channel, and two flanking portions on opposite sides of the central portion.

Abstract: A higher performance, lighter and thinner composite sawing disc for stony materials is made by assembling, preferably by bonding, a peripheral rim (2) provided with diamond segments (6) on a self-supporting, metallic honeycomb structure (3) strengthened at its center by a central ring (4). Excellent strength of the assembly is obtained by bonding annular discs (5) of thin plate to the lateral faces.

Abstract: The saw blade mount is provided with a stabilizer blade mount for imposing an axial force on the saw blade to eliminate unevenness in the saw blade. The stabilizer blade mount includes a gasket ring of plastic or elastomeric material which is abutting against the saw blade and which faces an opposing surface of an inner clamping ring. Adjustment screws permit adjustment of the stabilizing ring relative to the saw blade either completely about the periphery or only at localized regions.

Abstract: An improved annular cutting disc of the type having an inner annular edge as the cutting edge. The disc is comprised of a thin, metallic core member and a first coating of nickel is plated on the inner annular edge of the core member. A second coating, of a slurry of nickel and diamond particles is on the first coating and extends radially inwardly toward the axis of the annular cutting disc, to provide the cutting surface.

Abstract: A proposed diamond cutter is provided with man-made diamond grains on the circumference of a disc base plate, and is formed with slits from the outer circumference to the central part thereof. The slit is angled about 30.degree. with respect to a radial direction of said plate, so that the heat caused during cutting is prevented from running toward the central part, thereby to save the base plate from crackings. Minor cutting edges are also provided in addition to said angled cutting edge, and the cutting effect is increased.

Abstract: A cutting element, for use on the cutting member of a variety of cutting machines, particularly for stone cutting machines. The cutting element includes a base member substantially permanently fixable to the cutting member, and a cap member selectively engageable with the base member. The cap member has hooks that mechanically lock the cap member to the base member, so removal of the cap member during cutting is resisted mechanically. The cap member can be moved laterally of the base member for removal; and, a fastener such as a rivet selectively holds the cap member against such lateral motion.

Abstract: A rotary saw blade, comprising a series of outward tapering toothlike radial projections on and around a circular core of a base plate of metal, each of said projections comprising a leading surface which is inclined at an acute angle to the periphery of the core and deposited with abrasive particles held in a layer comprising metal.

Abstract: A center-opening saw blade having an inner sawing edge is spanned or tensioned to provide an accurate, high quality cut by apparatus including inner and outer clamping collars between which an outer peripheral edge region of the saw blade is clamped, a spanner ring having an inner edge and an outer centering heel, the clamping collars being tightly affixed to the spanner ring with the clamping rings positioned in the centering heel with the inner edge of the spanner ring engaging an inner region of the saw blade to impart an initial stress thereto. A form ring is axially slidably mounted within the clamping collars and is slidable to engage an intermediate portion of the saw blade between the outer peripheral edge region clamped between the clamping collars and the inner region engaged by the inner edge of the spanner ring to impart a fine adjustment stress to the saw blade.

Abstract: Crystalline rods or blocks can be sawed into thin wafers by sawing the rod or block into a plurality of wafers that are connected to each other. The wafers can be connected by introducing a connecting agent after each sawing step, into the resulting cutting gaps. The wafers are separated only after the whole rod has been sawed with a two-blade internal-hole saw.

Abstract: A diamond saw for cutting hard materials, in which a steel plate is fixed with a sintered abrading body consisting of diamond abrasive granules and a bonding metal powder, characterized in that a plurality of grooves are provided on the surface of both the front and back side faces of the sintered abrading body.

Abstract: A circular cutting wheel having a plurality of diamond-bearing arcuately shaped cutting members bonded to the periphery thereof and a gullet between each pair of adjacent cutting members wherein the arc length of each cutting member at its radial extremity is approximately equal to the arc length of an adjacent gullet at its radial extremity and wherein each such gullet has a preferred included angle of approximately 70.degree. between the side faces of the adjacent cutting segments upon which are mounted the diamond bearing cutting members, thereby providing the means with which to pump fluid coolant to the cutting members at the point the cut is being made and to pump the swarf from that same point to an area away from the cutting wheel.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided which is particularly adapted for maximizing lateral stiffness of a rotating saw blade. Temperature sensors measure the temperature of a rotating plate or saw blade. A displacement probe measures the degree of lateral displacement of the rotating plate or blade. A heating means heats the rotating plate or blade, so as to control the lateral stiffness of it. The displacement means is preferably an electromagnet, while the heating means is preferably one or more induction heating coils.

Abstract: A circular cutting wheel is disclosed and has a plurality of diamond-bearing arcuately shaped cutting members bonded to the periphery thereof and a generally U-shaped gullet between each pair of adjacent cutting members, wherein preferably the arc length of each cutting member at its radial extremity is approximately equal to the arc length of an adjacent gullet at its radial extremity, thereby providing the means with which to circulate fluid coolant to the cutting members at the point the cut is being made and to discharge the swarf from that same point to an area away from the cutting wheel.

Abstract: An electrodeposited grinding tool having an electrodeposited abrasive layer formed by electrodepositing abrasive grains to an electrodeposition thickness at least three times as large as the diameter of the abrasive grains. Pores are dispersed in the electrodeposited abrasive layer in a volume ratio of 10 to 70%.

Abstract: A cutting element, for use on the cutting member of a variety of cutting machines, particularly for stone cutting machines. The cutting element includes a base member substantially permanently fixable to the cutting member, and a cap member selectively engageable with the base member. The cap member has hooks that mechanically lock the cap member to the base member, so removal of the cap member during cutting motion is resisted mechanically. The cap member can be moved laterally of the base member for removal; and, a locking pin or screw selectively holds the cap member against such lateral motion.

Abstract: A circular cutting wheel having a plurality of radial slots evenly spaced about the periphery thereof and a diamond-bearing arcutely shaped cutting member bonded to the periphery thereof between each of the radial slots, the core further including a plurality of coolant pumping vane members formed as arcuate grooves on each side of the core extending radially outwardly from the core in the intended direction of rotation of the blade and terminating at the core periphery, thereby providing the means with which to distribute and maintain a fluid coolant on the sides of the core and to pump such fluid coolant to each of the cutting members. A method of cutting natural and artificial rock materials utilizing such a blade which includes providing a pumping action to a fluid coolant in the area of cut at the blades' cutting edge.

Abstract: Crystalline rods or blocks can be sawed into thin wafers by sawing the rod r block into a plurality of wafers that are connected to each other. The wafers can be connected by introducing a connecting agent after each sawing step, into the resulting cutting gaps. The wafers are separated only after the whole rod has been sawed. The method makes possible the use of multiple-blade internal-hole saws, and preferably two-blade internal-hole saws.

Abstract: A cutting segment for stone and the like, the segment having a porous center section. A conventional mixture of cement and diamonds is made, and a quantity of filler is added to the mixture. The filler will withstand the sintering process, but subsequently falls out so pores are provided. A segment is made with only the center porous, while the side sections are as dense as is conventional. The result is that the porous section can receive coolant and/or the resulting slurry for efficient cutting, and the center section wears faster to yield a concave cutting edge.

Abstract: An improved tensioning device is provided for use in an inner diameter saw blade housing. A tensioning ring, disposed in an annular clamping member, is internally threaded at plurality of locations along its circumference. An associated plurality of screws, disposed in cylindrical recesses in the clamping member, threadedly engage the internal threads. The screws may be turned through an opening in the clamping member having a diameter smaller than the screw to thereby precisely tension the blade as desired. Since the screws are captive within the clamping member, migration of the tensioning ring relative to the blade is prevented. Further, the screws do not protrude from the surface of the clamping member and the threaded portions of the screws are closed off from the ambient such that foreign matter cannot enter the clamping member and interfere with the tensioning process.

Abstract: A diamond segmented saw blade having a steel center is provided with a plurality of sockets about the rim and a plurality of cutting tip supports having diamond impregnated tips. Each socket is provided with an upper surface inclined upwardly and inwardly and a tapered or wedge-shaped dovetail groove. Each support is provided with a depending tenon. The surfaces adjacent the tenon are inclined upwardly and inwardly complementary to the surfaces adjacent the socket. The tenon is similarly wedge-shaped to fit in the dovetail groove so that the support and socket are firmly interlocked to insure easy and free exchange of diamond impregnated tips.

Abstract: An improvement in a method for simultaneously slicing one or a multiplicity of boules of silicon into silicon wafers, the improvement of which comprises forming a plurality of vertical stacks of horizontal saw blades of circular configuration arranged in juxtaposed coaxial alignment, each blade being characterized by having a cutting diameter slightly greater than the cutting diameter of the blade arranged immediately thereabove; imparting simultaneous rotation to the blades, supporting in depending relation a plurality of enlongated boules of silicon, simultaneously translating the boules through the blades, and simultaneously imparting rotation to the boules as the boules are passed through said blades for slicing wafers therefrom; and an improved apparatus for performing said method.

Abstract: Slotted saw blades are shown with wide slots in which hardface inserts extend below the bottoms of the slots and interlock with the core, extend above the periphery of the core, and extend at a negative hook angle for the direction of core rotation. In various embodiments, the inserts, which are bonded to the core, include elements that are integral portions of the cutting segments, elements arranged in each slot so that one is at the negative hook angle for one direction of core rotation and the other is at the negative hook angle for the opposite direction of core rotation, and wedge shaped elements.

Abstract: A cutting wheel comprises a thin metal disk having an inner peripheral cutting edge. The cutting wheel is photochemically machined from a flat metal sheet and has locating holes therethrough the diameters of which are held to a very close tolerance.

Abstract: A diamond saw for cutting hard materials, in which a steel plate is fixed with a sintered body consisting of diamond abrasive granules and a bonding metal powder, characterized in that a plurality of grooves having openings are provided at the edges of both the front and back side faces of said sintered body.

Abstract: An improved cutting blade for use in cutting hard but brittle materials is proposed. It has a base plate, both sides of which are formed with a plurality of grooves. Abrasive grains are affixed to the blade in these grooves in such a manner that these abrasive grains will project partially beyond the surface of the base plate.

Abstract: A cutting disk or wheel, particularly for the dry cutting of natural and artificial stone material, especially asphalt and concrete, comprises a single-layer saw plate of a high alloy special steel with ribs formed on the circumference by radial separating slots, cutting segments of a diamond material being attached to the webs. Radial cooling and thermal expansion equalizing slots, narrower than the first-mentioned slots, are arranged equidistantly on the wheel circumference and terminate radially inwardly in enlarged cooling bores. Preferably, the latter slots are radially inwardly extending extensions of the former slots. The ratio of the width of the first-mentioned slots to the web length measured peripherally of the wheel, is in the range of 0.5 to 0.7. The ratio of the peripheral length of the cutting segments to the periphery of the wheel, is in the range of 0.015 to 0.025.

Abstract: A saw blade having diamond or other abrasive segments bonded to the periphery of a steel center includes segments of a hook shape with a leg extending radially of the saw. Hooks of different length are provided whereby erosion of the blade at the joints between the segments and the steel center is minimized.

Abstract: A cutting wheel for natural and artificial rock, such as road surfaces of asphalt or concrete, comprises a carrier disk with cutting segments in a regular series around the circumference of the carrier disk. The series is interrupted at spaced intervals, by at least two extra segments which are made of a material harder than that of the cutting segments and are preferably clad with diamond abrasive material. The extra segments are quadrilateral and have their radially inner edge inclined upwardly in the direction of rotation of the cutting wheel. The correspondingly upwardly inclined portion of the cutter wheel provides a base to which the extra segment is soldered. The extra segments have the same width as the cutting segments, which width is greater than the thickness of the body of the cutting wheel.

Abstract: A saw blade for producing a trapezoidal shaped groove in a surface including a circular support disc and a plurality of spaced-apart abrasive elements supported about the periphery of the support disc wherein the abrasive elements include a first set of a generally rectangular cross sectional configuration and a second set of a generally trapezoidal cross sectional configuration wherein the use of the two sets of abrasive elements extends the wear life of the saw blade.

Abstract: A rotatable cut-off wheel includes a metal core notched at its periphery and having added abrasive elements for cutting material. The notches each have a profile which is non-parallel with the axis of rotation of the wheel, to reduce noise when the wheel is rotating.

Abstract: A diamond-nickel blade for cutting electronic crystals and substrates or the like comprising diamond particles in a nickel matrix. The nickel matrix is the sole support for the blade and the volume of the nickel matrix is no greater than about 55% of the volume of the blade. Such blades are made by immersing a flat, electrically conductive substrate in a suspension comprising diamond particles in an electrolyte; electrodepositing nickel in an annular pattern corresponding to the desired shape of the blade on a surface of the substrate, the electrodeposited nickel being only lightly adherent to the substrate surface (diamond particles are thereby codeposited in the nickel which forms a matrix around them); and stripping the annular deposit of nickel and diamond particles from the substrate. Also disclosed are blade-mounting means comprising two identical, lapped-surface collars and a ring.

Abstract: An improved cutting wheel for dicing semiconductor wafers is described. The cutting blade of the wheel is a thin disc consisting of finely divided abrasive particles embedded in a nickel matrix. The surface of the nickel is overlaid with a thin layer of chromium which is electrolytically deposited on it. The cutting speed and useful life of the wheel are both increased by the presence of the chromium overlay.

Abstract: An improved fluid-tight tensioning seal is provided for use in apparatus of the type wherein an inside diameter cutting blade is mounted in a circular saw blade housing, the blade being continuously tensioned during the cutting operation. The tensioning seal comprises two pieces, one of which is elastic and moves in sealing relationship within a channel provided in the housing in response to pressurized fluid. The second piece is substantially rigid, abuts the first piece on one side and has a contoured projection extending from its other side for engaging and tensioning the blade.

Abstract: A twin blade mounting and tensioning apparatus is disclosed wherein twin inside diameter cutting blades for sawing crystalline rod materials are mounted with annular clamping-tensioning members which clamp the twin blades between the members with the clamped twin blades having an outer annular shim and an inner annular shim located therebetween in a spaced apart relationship defining an annular fluid expansion chamber, the annular clamping-tensioning members having recessed annular chambers in circumferential alignment with and located axially outward from said expansion chamber, the expansion chamber separated from the recessed chambers by the twin blade walls which are flexible and deformable within said recessed chambers through the action of pressurized fluid means.

Abstract: In an apparatus for clamping and uniformly tensioning an inside diameter cutting blade, hydraulic fluid is contained within an annular fluid channel which includes an opening confronting the inside diameter blade. The hydraulic fluid is prevented from contacting the blade by a pressure-transmitting deformable sealing piston mounted within the fluid channel. The sealing piston is generally U-shaped in cross section and includes, in addition to a relatively axially thick main body part, at the sides of the "U", two outwardly directed arms when the piston is not in place within the fluid channel which it seals. When the arms of the piston are brought toward one another for insertion of the piston within the fluid channel, the piston material, which is resilient, urges the arms radially outward thereby forming a good seal with the inner and outer walls of the fluid channel.

Abstract: A method for sawing hard material with circular abrasive disc saws of the kind having secured to the periphery of the disc arcuated cutting segments of bonded diamond abrasives, in which conventional speed of rotation of the abrasive disc, cutting depth of the disc and longitudinal feed are selected for abrasive disc. On the arcuated cutting segments of bonded diamond abrasives an effective total peripheral cutting surface consisting of the sum of the cutting surfaces of the single arcuated segments is provided having along a peripheral circumference an optimum average number of cutting points of the bonded diamond abrasive per one millimeter width as determined as a function of the ratio of the selected longitudinal feed and the product of an average incision depth made by a single diamond point.

Abstract: A rotatable or reciprocable material removing tool having multiple cutting edges in which a plurality of cutting elements project from an outer surface of a base member of the tool and in which each cutting element comprises a cutting member composed of a homogeneous mass of crystalline diamond particles or crystalline boron nitride particles or a mixture of both, and a connecting member connecting the cutting member to the surface of the base member. Each cutting member forms at least one cutting edge of predetermined outline and the cutting elements are uniformly distributed on the surface of the base member in such a manner that the cutting edges are spaced from each other.

Abstract: An improvement is provided in an apparatus for mounting and tensioning an inside diameter cutting blade which is mounted in a circular saw blade housing. The outer circumference of the blade is clamped within a mounting apparatus. Pressurized hydraulic fluid within a channel exerts pressure against the blade radially inward of the clamping means by exerting pressure on a fluid-tight gasket which, in turn, bears against the blade. By virtue of the uniform pressure distribution throughout the fluid, uniform tensioning of the blade is accomplished. The improvement comprises constructing the gasket in two pieces with an outer sleeve which contacts the hydraulic fluid, and which while deformable, is fixed relative to the housing, and a filler ring mounted within the sleeve and which is relatively movable with respect thereto.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method in the production of rotatable tools, such as saw blades or similar, comprising at least two preferably metallic discs interconnected by means of glue, solder or any other binding means or adhesive wherein spacing members of a uniform overall thickness are disposed between the discs to position the discs parallel to each other and to ensure a uniform layer thickness of the binding means. Said invention also relates to a means to perform the method and to the product achieved by the method.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a unique carrier for mounting on a rotatable spindle an annular saw blade possessing a cutting edge on its inner periphery and a plurality of annularly distributed mounting holes. The carrier includes a chuck for mounting on the spindle and for clamping the blade to the chuck. Formed in the annular clamp are a plurality of screw holes disposed for alignment with others of the mounting holes. The screw holes are threaded to receive mounting screws and have minimum diameters smaller than those of the mounting holes with which they are aligned while the alignment holes have minimum diameters equal to those of the mounting holes with which they are aligned. Centering of the blade on the annular clamp is accomplished by merely passing through the mated alignment and mounting holes an alignment tool having a diameter equal thereto. Subsequently, the clamping of the blade is achieved by inserting and tightening mounting screws in the mated screw and mounting holes.