Abstract: A secondary battery having good performance especially in a high-temperature environment can be obtained by using an electrolyte solution for secondary batteries, which is characterized by containing an ionic liquid represented by formula (1) and a lithium salt. (In the formula, each of R1 and R2 independently represents an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms; and n represents 1 or 2.

Abstract: A photovoltaic (PV) module having bi-directional couplings is described. The bi-directional couplings include a first coupling mounted on a support frame under a first edge of the PV module and a second coupling mounted on the support frame under a second edge of the PV module. The PV module can be a keystone module and the bi-directional couplings of the keystone module can connect to respective couplings of several adjacent PV modules. The bi-directional couplings can form male-to-female connections with the respective couplings to quickly combine the PV modules into a PV module assembly. The PV module assembly includes the bi-directionally connected PV modules supporting each other in both an x-direction and a y-direction.

Abstract: The Totem Pole Solar Capture Housing is an improved design for a photo voltaic module enclosure. It is cylindrical in shape to capture the maximum amount of solar radiation on the housing's surface transferred to the module for conversion to electricity, and eliminates positional orientation. The cylindrical glass outer shell exposes one half of its circumference to solar radiation on contact. Used singly or in multiples interconnected together, one atop the other and erected vertically on a foot print. The inner photo voltaic module support core diameter and height can be sized to fit modules of different electrical outputs. The hollow center of the support core acts as the wiring channel to the base. Assembly couplings form the top and bottom of the enclosure and are critical in joining multiple enclosures into one vertical electrical output-enhanced assembly.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device of an embodiment includes: a first photoelectric conversion part including a first transparent electrode provided on a transparent substrate, a first active layer, and a first counter electrode; and a second photoelectric conversion part including a second transparent electrode, a second active layer, and a second counter electrode. A conductive layer containing noble metal as a main component is formed on a partial region of the second transparent electrode, and a fine particle layer having a stack of fine particles is formed on the conductive layer. The first counter electrode and the second transparent electrode are electrically connected by a connection part having a scribe groove penetrating through the fine particle layer from the second active layer and exposing a surface of the conductive layer, and a conductive layer having a part of the first counter electrode filled in the scribe groove.

Abstract: Provided is a solar cell module securing structure in which a first extending portion of one securing tool is inserted into a slit of one of the adjacent solar cell modules and a second extending portion of the same securing tool is inserted into a slit of the other of the adjacent solar cell modules, lower abutting surfaces of both of the solar cell modules are installed on an upper surface portion of the same securing tool, a projecting portion projects from the upper surface portion under the second extending portion at the inner side relative to the lower abutting surface, and a distance between the projecting portion and an end of the second extending portion is set to be larger than a distance between a lower end of an opening edge of the slit and the lower abutting surface.

Abstract: The disclosed technology relates to a battery pack assembly that includes multiple battery cells. In some aspects, each cell is bonded to a first surface of a first liner (e.g., a cosmetic liner) via a first adhesive. The first adhesive is configured to provide a first adhesive force between each of the battery cells and the first surface before exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light and a second adhesive force after exposure to UV light, and wherein the second adhesive force is less than the first adhesive force. A battery pallet and method of manufacturing are also provided.

Abstract: In the present invention a new solar photovoltaic module is proposed comprising: a silicon based photovoltaic element; an intermediate layer deposited on said photovoltaic element to the incident light side; an interference filter deposited on the incident light side of said intermediate layer; a front element disposed on the incident light side of said interference filter.

Abstract: A solar module for a roof covering system that generates electrical power from sunlight includes a frame having a bottom surface supported on a deck of a roof, a top surface, and a thickness between the bottom surface and the top surface. The solar module also includes a solar element mounted to the top surface of the frame which has an upper surface, a micro-inverter mounted to the top surface of the frame and to the side of the solar element, and a raised access panel that is removably coupled to the frame to surround the micro-inverter. The raised access panel has an access panel top surface that is elevated above the upper surface of the solar element. top surface of the frame forms a water shedding surface below the micro-inverter for directing water away from the roof.

Abstract: Technologies for communication between an inverter and a solar module are disclosed. The disclosed technologies include monitoring a voltage and/or current of the solar module to determine a corresponding voltage waveform and/or current waveform and determining whether the voltage waveform and/or current waveform includes an encoded message. If a message is encoded in the voltage waveform and/or current waveform, the solar module may perform one or more actions. For example, the solar module may adjust an operating voltage, current, or power, adjust a switching frequency or duty cycle of one or more converters of the solar module, initiate a global maximum power point search, and/or other actions.

Abstract: Solar cells fabricated from p-n junctions of boron nitride nanotubes alloyed with carbon are described. Band gaps of boron nitride carbon alloys are tailored by controlling carbon content in the boron nitride nanotubes. High efficiency solar cells can be fabricated by tailoring the band gap of boron nitride carbon alloy nanotubes, and using these nanotubes for fabricating solar cells u. Because boron nitride carbon alloy nanotubes are transparent to most wavelengths of light, the wavelengths not converted to electrons (i.e., absorbed) at a first p-n junction in a solar cell will pass through the stack to another p-n junction in the stack having a different band gap. At each successive p-n junction, each of which has a different band gap from the other p-n junctions in the stack, more wavelengths of light will be converted into electricity. This dramatically increases the efficiency of solar cells.

Abstract: Back side connection layer for a photo-voltaic module comprising a plurality of PV-cells (i,j), the plurality PV-cells (i,j) being of a type having one or more back side contacts and divided in a preset number of strings (3) of series connected PV-cells (i. j). By-pass diodes are connectable in parallel to each of the preset number of strings (3), and three or more strings (3) are provided. The plurality of PV-cells (i,j) are positioned such that electrical connections to the first PV-cell and last PV-cell of each of the preset number of strings (3) are provided in a part of the back side connection layer overlapping a part of a two-by-two arrangement of PV-cells (i,j).

Abstract: The assembly has a central block that includes a first main face, a second main face and side faces. The second main face is opposite to the first main face, and the side faces connect the first main face to the second main face. The assembly also includes a first cover arranged on the first main face. The first main face and a first external surface of the first cover form a first groove for housing a first wire element, and the first groove extends along an entire length of the first main face. The assembly further includes a second cover arranged on the second main face. The second main face and a second external surface of the second cover form a second groove for housing a second wire element, and the second groove extends along an entire length of the second main face.

Abstract: A panel for installing a solar battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first connection portion, which protrudes upwards from one widthwise end of a panel; a second connection portion, which protrudes upwards from the other widthwise end of the panel, and which is fitted to a first connection portion of an adjacent panel in the upward/downward direction; a pair of coupling protrusions bent upwards inside the first connection portion and inside the second connection portion; and a seating portion formed between the coupling protrusions, solar battery modules being installed on the seating portion, wherein the coupling protrusions are bent in the direction in which the solar battery modules are provided, such that the solar battery modules can be pressurized and fixed.

Abstract: A solar battery cell including a finger electrode on a first main surface of a semiconductor substrate, the solar battery cell being including at least a surface of the finger electrode is covered with a material containing an insulating material so that the surface is not exposed, and the material containing the insulating material does not hydrolyze or does not generate a carboxylic acid when it hydrolyzes. Consequently, it is possible to provide a solar battery cell which suppresses a reduction in photoelectric conversion efficiency with time even though EVA is used and to provide a photovoltaic module using this solar battery cell.

Abstract: A solar cell panel with a bottom cover plate and an electrically conductive bus bar. A top cover plate having at least one electrically conductive land in communication with a bottom surface of the top cover plate. The land having a height extending from the bottom surface of the top cover plate. An array of rows and columns of solar cell chips lying between the bottom cover plate and the top cover plate. Each solar cell chip of the array having an anode adjacent to a top surface and a cathode adjacent to a bottom surface. The bus bar in electrical communication with each cathode of each solar cell chip of the array. Each land in electrical contact with each anode of a solar cell chip of the array. An opening formed between adjacent lands wherein the opening extends at least the height of the lands.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lamination process for producing a multilayer laminate which comprises a one or more substrate element(s) and one or more polymeric layer element(s), preferably to a lamination process for producing a photovoltaic (PV) module, and to a PV module laminate.

Abstract: In an image pickup element or a photoelectric conversion element, at least an anode 21, a carrier blocking layer 22, an organic photoelectric conversion layer 23, and a cathode 25 are laminated in order, and the carrier blocking layer 22 includes a material having the following structural formula (1), and part of an organic semiconductor material constituting the organic photoelectric conversion layer 23.

Abstract: A solar power system can include a rail and a solar module disposed on the rail. A clamp assembly can couple the solar module to the rail. The clamp assembly can have a clamped configuration in which the solar module is secured to the rail and an unclamped configuration. The clamp assembly can comprise an upper clamp member, a lower clamp member coupled to the rail, and a stabilization member mechanically engaging the upper clamp member and the lower clamp member. The stabilization member can prevent rotation of the lower clamp member relative to the rail when the clamp assembly is in the clamped and unclamped configurations. In the unclamped configuration, the stabilization member can be biased such that the upper clamp member is disposed at a sufficient clearance above the rail to permit the insertion of the solar module between the upper clamp member and the rail.

Abstract: A solar panel includes conductors each having a first base portion, which is connected to a third base portion with a first connecting portion, and a second base portion, which is connected to the third base portion with a second connecting portion. Output leads include a distal end portion and an extending portion. The distal end portion extends in a first direction along a second front surface of a back cover and is connected to the third base portion from the side opposite from a solar cell. The extending portion is continuous with the distal end portion and extends in a first direction toward the solar cell along a second back surface of the back cover. The first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are elastically deformable in the first direction and a second direction, which intersects the first direction.

Abstract: A photovoltaic module employing an array of photovoltaic cells disposed between two optically transparent substrates such as to define a closed-loop peripheral area of the module that does not contain a photovoltaic cell. The module is sealed with a peripheral seal along the perimeter; and is devoid of a structural element affixed to an optically transparent substrate and adapted to mount the module to a supporting structure. The two substrates may be bonded together with adhesive material and, optionally, the peripheral seal can include the adhesive material. The module optionally includes diffraction grating element(s) adjoining respectively corresponding PV-cell(s).

Abstract: This invention relates to a solar-cell module backing layer obtained by co-extruding obtained by melt co-extruding (i) a first polymer composition comprising (a) a polyamide, (b) an elastomer and (c) an elastomer that contains groups that bond chemically and/or interact physically with the polyamide, and wherein the first polymer composition comprises from 10 to 90 wt. % of the polyamide (a) and from 10 to 90 wt. % of the elastomer (b) and (c) (of the total weight of polyamide (a) and elastomer (b) and (c) present in the first polymer composition) and (ii) a second polymer composition comprising from 50-98 wt. % of elastomer and from 0.15-5 wt. % of groups (based on the total weight of the second polymer composition) that bond chemically and/or interact physically with the solar cell and optionally with the first polymer composition.

Abstract: A method of designing bifacial solar panels installations that does not rely on the use of all available space to maximize electrical output and return on investment. Instead, the design method relies on building a solar farm that provides the buyer with less than optimal electrical output but meets requirements to improve the return and breakeven over traditional installations. The method weighs financial variables against the design criteria to achieve a new less than maximum effectiveness of the system.

Abstract: A method for fabricating thin-film optoelectronic devices (100), the method comprising: providing a alkali-nondiffusing substrate (110), forming a back-contact layer (120); forming at least one absorber layer (130) made of an ABC chalcogenide material, adding least one and advantageously at least two different alkali metals, and forming at least one front-contact layer (150) wherein one of said alkali metals comprise Rb and/or Cs and where, following forming said front-contact layer, in the interval of layers (470) from back-contact layer (120), exclusive, to front-contact layer (150), inclusive, the comprised amounts resulting from adding alkali metals are, for Rb and/or Cs, in the range of 500 to 10000 ppm and, for the other alkali metals, typically Na or K, in the range of 5 to 2000 ppm and at most 1/2 and at least 1/2000 of the comprised amount of Rb and/or Cs.

Abstract: A securing fixture for a photovoltaic cell module that includes a first frame member that extends in a first direction; and a second frame member that extends in a second direction and is adjacent to the first frame member, the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction, the securing fixture being enclosed by a frame member having a corner portion formed by the first frame member and the second frame member. The securing fixture includes an abutting part that is fixed to a trestle and abuts on the trestle; and a holding part that holds the photovoltaic cell module, including a first protrusion that protrudes in a direction opposite to the abutting part, and abuts on an inner surface of the corner portion of the frame member, and a placing part on which the second frame member is placed.

Abstract: Discussed is a solar cell module including a solar cell panel, a frame fixed to an outer rim portion of the solar cell panel, an integral inverter including a terminal connected to the solar cell panel to receive direct current, an inverter member electrically connected to the terminal to convert the direct current into alternating current and an alternating current (AC) output cable configured to transmit the alternating current and a trunk cable connected to the AC output cable and fixed to the integral inverter, at least a portion of the trunk cable being located in a space inside the frame.

Abstract: An optimization engine determines the optimal configuration for a solar power system by simulating the performance of different solar module arrays projected onto a target surface. The optimization engine selects the optimally-performing solar module array and then simulates the performance of additional solar module subarrays projected onto various regions of the target surface not already covered by the optimally-performing solar module array. The optimal configuration includes the optimally-performing solar module array and one or more optimally-performing solar module subarrays.

Abstract: A photovoltaic (PV) module clip, and methods of fastening a PV module to a structural member using the PV module clip, are described. In an example, a PV module clip includes a toe portion interconnected with several legs by a neck portion. The toe portion may be inserted through several aligned holes of a PV module frame and a mounting assembly strut to an underside of the strut. The neck portion may extend upward from the toe portion through the aligned holes to the legs above the strut. The legs may extend around a portion of the strut in a tensioned state, and engage with a retaining feature to hold the legs in the tensioned state. Accordingly, the legs may clamp the PV module to the mounting assembly.

Abstract: An infinitely extendable solar cell module based on a circuit extendable through magnetic engagement is provided. The solar cell module comprises a circuit, a battery piece, a transparent layer, and a magnetic engagement element. The battery piece is connected with the magnetic engagement element by the circuit, the battery module is adapted to be connected to another battery module by the magnetic engagement element, and the transparent layer is on the surface of the battery module.

Abstract: Solar cells use as substrates glass (23) coated with a transparent conductive layer (21), able to collect the electric power generated by the solar cell. This layer (21), normally a TCO, have limited conductivity, implying the use of current collector lines applied in a complex manner. The conductivity of the conductive layer (21) is increased by the application of a structure, in particular a grid, of thin conductive lines (22) inserted in grooves on the glass surface (23) or directly applied on this, followed by a TCO layer coating (21). This highly conductive grid (22) collects the electricity from the TCO layer (21) and directs it to the periphery of the cell. Both glass substrates are sealed by a process employing a precursor of glass surrounding the entire perimeter of the substrate. The glass precursor is heated to its melting point, by a laser, completely sealing the two substrates of the module.

Abstract: Economical method for manufacturing a timepiece display or hand-fitting component, wherein: there is chosen a first material which is easy to shape or to machine; a workpiece is made in the first material; a second material is chosen to make each aesthetical and/or visible surface of component, which is an amorphous metal alloy or has a nanocrystalline structure or includes nickel or nickel-phosphorus, or which is a pure metal or an alloy of gold and/or silver and/or copper and/or rhodium and/or titanium and/or aluminium; the workpiece is coated, at least on the surfaces intended to remain visible on the component, with a thick layer, of an initial thickness greater than 20 micrometres, of the second material; at least one aesthetical and/or visible surface, is diamond tool machined, removing all or part of the thick layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to electrical systems. The present invention relates more particularly to electrical wiring systems suitable for use in roofing applications. One aspect of the invention is a wiring system on a roof comprising a roof deck having a slope and one or more roofing elements disposed on the roof deck, the wiring system including one or more wires extending along the roof on top of the roofing elements; and a wire covering disposed over the one or more wires.

Abstract: A grounding spacer is provided. The grounding spacer comprising a circular body having a top surface, a bottom surface, and a central aperture, and a plurality of radially spaced penetration features, wherein at least one of the penetration features has at least a portion thereof extending from the top surface, and wherein at least one of the penetration features has at least a portion thereof extending from the bottom surface.

Abstract: A fastening device which reduces the work by screwing and shortens the installation time has been desired.

Abstract: A folded down support (12) allows for stronger solar panels (10) and the support replaces most of the solar racking required for solar installation which further reduces the cost of the photovoltaic solar system. The solar panels (10) can be arranged so that solar panels form a solar collector solar panel array. The solar panel (10) can be set on a surface by itself or with ballast (43). It can also be attached to the surface by fastening the solar panel to the side supports. If the solar panel frame and supports are electrically conductive, the design allows for self electrical grounding between these conductive parts when the side supports are pivoted to the down position. The folded up support allows for high density storage and shipping.

Abstract: The invention provides a sealing composition including: polymer (A) containing a cationic functional group and having a weight average molecular weight of from 2,000 to 1,000,000; and a benzotriazole compound; in which the content of the polymer (A) is from 0.05 parts by mass to 0.20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sealing composition; in which the content of the benzotriazole compound in the sealing composition is from 3 ppm by mass to 200 ppm by mass; and in which the sealing composition has a pH of from 3.0 to 6.5.

Abstract: A vehicle skin, such as a composite skin for a UAV wing or other vehicle component, is co-cured with an array of solar cells to form a thin, lightweight, integrated skin structure. In one embodiment, an upper surface of the solar-cell array may be substantially coplanar with an upper surface of the composite skin. A coating, such as a spray-on fluorinated polymer coating, is applied to the upper surface of the integrated skin structure to protect the solar cells from the environment or other potentially harmful elements.

Abstract: A method of locating a maintenance vehicle in a solar power field can include driving the maintenance vehicle on a track. A plurality of flags are coupled to the track at spaced locations. Each flag can include an ID tag and a contact target or a non-contact target. The maintenance vehicle can include an ID tag reader and a sensor configured to detect the contact target or the non-contact target. The method also can include driving the maintenance vehicle along the track to a position adjacent to a flag of the plurality of flags, reading by the ID tag reader the ID tag of that flag, and sensing by the sensor the contact target or the non-contact target. The method also can include, based on the reading and the sensing, identifying a unique location of the maintenance vehicle in the solar power field.

Abstract: The solar cell includes a plurality of light-receiving-side finger electrodes on a light-receiving surface of a photoelectric conversion section having a semiconductor junction. The light-receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion section is covered with a first insulating layer. Each light-receiving-side finger electrodes include: a first metal seed layer provided between the photoelectric conversion section and the first insulating layer; and a first plating metal layer being conduction with the first metal seed layer through openings formed in the first insulating layer. The solar cell includes an isolated plating metal layer pieces contacting neither the light-receiving-side finger electrodes nor the back-side finger electrodes. On the surface of the first insulating layer, an isolated plating metal crowded region is present in a form of a band-shape extending parallel to an extending direction of the light-receiving-side finger electrodes.

Abstract: A solar battery module includes: a front face protective sheet at a first side; a sheet-shaped solar battery cell disposed at a second side, the second side being an opposite side from the first side with respect to the front face protective sheet; a backing sheet disposed at the second side with respect to the solar battery cell; and an encapsulation layer provided between the front face protective sheet and the backing sheet, and encapsulating the solar battery cell. A convexly-curved portion is provided at the backing sheet to overlap the solar battery cell, and curves convexly toward a solar battery cell side, the solar battery cell curves in accordance with the convexly-curved portion, and a rigidity of the convexly-curved portion with respect to a load acting in the sheet thickness direction of the solar battery cell is higher than a rigidity of the solar battery cell.

Abstract: A housing (10) comprising a main body including first and second side walls (16, 17) and first and second end walls (18, 19) extending between ends of the first and second side walls (16, 17). A plurality of mounting portions (26) are provided adjacent junction between the side walls (16, 17) and the end walls (18, 19). Bores (28) are provided in each of the mounting portions (26 and slots (36) are provided extending through outer surfaces of the mounting portions (26) into the bore (28). An elongate member of a frame (13) is receivable in the slots (28) of two or more of the mounting portions (26) such that fasteners (34) received in the bores (28) of said mounting portions (26) engage with the elongate member to secure the housing (12) to the frame (13).

Abstract: A solar cell element includes a plurality of finger electrodes and a bus bar electrode on a surface thereof. A light diffuser is provided in an outer circumferential region of the surface. The light diffuser includes first light diffusers provided along the left side and the right side of the surface, and second light diffusers provided along the upper side and the lower side of the surface. The width of the first light diffuser in a transverse direction perpendicular to the left side or the right side, is smaller than the width of the second light diffuser in a transverse direction perpendicular to the upper side or the lower side.

Abstract: Photovoltaic (PV) assemblies and electrical connections for interconnecting PV modules to form PV arrays are described herein. The PV assemblies can include angled connector terminals to electrically mate with power connector ports of the PV modules. A power connector port can face a corner of a PV module. The electrical connections of the PV assemblies can simplify cable management and facilitate flexibility in arrangement and interconnection of PV modules and PV arrays.

Abstract: In a securing unit including first frames for holding the end sides of a solar cell and a securing tool, the securing tool includes a base member that is secured to an installation face, a stand that is erected from the base member, a shaft that has an external thread and is held by the stand in a state in which a movement in the axial direction is restricted, and a holder that holds the first frame by inserting a lateral side extended portion into a slit of the first frame and moves up and down relatively to the stand by screwing internal threads formed in the holder together with the external thread of the shaft.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer composition, to a layer element, preferably to at least one layer element of a photovoltaic module, comprising the polymer composition and to an article which is preferably said at least one layer of a layer element, preferably of a layer element of a photovoltaic module.

Abstract: An electronic component supply body and a method for manufacturing the same, which can suppress generation of wrinkles of an adhesive sheet and is unlikely to cause pickup failure of electronic component chips to occur. The supply body includes an adhesive sheet with an adhesive layer formed with an ultraviolet-curing adhesive, a ring frame bonded onto the adhesive sheet, and electronic component chips bonded onto a first region on the adhesive sheet superimposed with the opening of the ring frame. The second cured portions that are cured by being irradiated with ultraviolet rays are provided in a part of a second region forming a bonded portion between the adhesive sheet and the ring frame. Adhesive strength in the second cured portions in a shearing direction is larger than adhesive strength in a portion of the second region other than the second cured portions.

Abstract: This invention discloses a distributed parking system for drones comprising a network of parking pads for drones distributed over a geographic area, each of which comprising a parking surface of one or more parking spots on which a drone can land and park securely, a power refill module that replenish the power source of a parked drone, a control module that controls functions of the parking pad, and a communication module through which the control module is connected to a communication network; and a master controller that controls functions of the parking pads and communicates commands to and receives reports from the parking pads through the communication network.

Abstract: On a projected plane in parallel to the main surface of the solar cell module 100, an output interconnection 10 includes: a first output interconnection section 10a arranged along an conductive member 4 in a power non-generating field; and a second output interconnection section 10b leading to the first output interconnection section 10a in a power generating section X.

Abstract: A solar panel support unit of an embodiment includes a first support member, a second support member, and a third support member. The first support member includes a first support section and a first attachment section. The first attachment section is disposed at a position spaced by a first distance from the first support section. The second support member includes a second support section and a second attachment section. The second attachment section is disposed at a position spaced by a second distance from the second support section in the panel thickness direction, the second distance being smaller than the first distance, the second attachment section having a second hole to be in communication with the first hole, the second attachment section being to overlap the first attachment section. The third support member includes a third support section and a third attachment section.

Abstract: An electronic module includes a first sub-module and a second sub-module. The first sub-module includes a first substrate, a first electronic component disposed on the first substrate and a first electrode. The second sub-module includes a second substrate, a second electronic component disposed on the second substrate and a second electrode spaced from the first electrode. The second electrode faces the first electrode to form a capacitor for transmitting an alternating current (AC) signal between the first sub-module and the second sub-module.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a solar cell module. The solar cell module includes a solar cell panel, a distribution box located on the rear surface of the solar cell panel and including wiring connected to the solar cell panel, and a light source configured to emit light to the front surface of the solar cell panel through the solar cell panel, if an error signal is detected.