Abstract: An electronic module includes a first sub-module and a second sub-module. The first sub-module includes a first substrate, a first electronic component disposed on the first substrate and a first electrode. The second sub-module includes a second substrate, a second electronic component disposed on the second substrate and a second electrode spaced from the first electrode. The second electrode faces the first electrode to form a capacitor for transmitting an alternating current (AC) signal between the first sub-module and the second sub-module.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a solar cell module. The solar cell module includes a solar cell panel, a distribution box located on the rear surface of the solar cell panel and including wiring connected to the solar cell panel, and a light source configured to emit light to the front surface of the solar cell panel through the solar cell panel, if an error signal is detected.

Abstract: Photovoltaic module assemblies are mounted onto a solar tracker array torque tube via photovoltaic module brackets. The photovoltaic module brackets provide for stacking photovoltaic module assemblies in a nested configuration. The photovoltaic module assemblies are pre-assembled off-site, at a location different than the photovoltaic array installation site, and the nested configuration allows for efficient transportation of pre-assembled photovoltaic module assemblies to the installation site.

Abstract: A housing for a solar panel is provided and is comprised of a glazed element and a tray. The tray includes a plate, a pair of side walls, a top end cap and a bottom end cap. The tray also includes a lip configured to seat the glazed element. Wherein the plate, the pair of side walls, the top end cap, the bottom end cap are formed of a single material and configured as a single integral component and wherein the plate, the pair of side walls, the top end cap and the bottom end cap are collectively configured to form a cavity. Wherein said top end cap includes a top header, said top header extending the length of said top end cap and said top header extending outward from said top end cap and in a direction away from said cavity.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a non-flat photovoltaic roof tile. The non-flat photovoltaic roof tile can include a transparent front cover, a back cover, and a plurality of Si-based photovoltaic structures. The transparent front cover can include a first side and a second side, with the first side comprising at least one non-flat portion and the second side comprising a plurality of flat facets. The flat facets are arranged to follow the contour of the at least one non-flat portion. A respective Si-based photovoltaic structure is positioned between a flat facet of the transparent front cover and the back cover.

Abstract: A vehicle display system is disclosed. The system comprises an electro-optic device configured to switch between a mirror state and a light-transmissive state. The electro-optic device comprises a first substrate and a second substrate forming a cavity. The cavity is configured to retain an electro-optic medium that is variably transmissive such that the electro-optic device is operable between substantially clear and darkened states. The system further comprises a substantially transparent display disposed adjacent to the electro-optic device. The electro-optic device is converted to the darkened state when the substantially transparent display is emitting light.

Abstract: In a solar cell module, a first encapsulant and a second encapsulant are provided between a first protective member and a second protective member, and solar cells are provided between the first encapsulant and the second encapsulant. A connecting tab wire cover is laminated on the first encapsulant. A connecting tab wire encapsulant is laminated on the connecting tab wire cover. The multiple solar cells are laminated on the first encapsulant. Through a slit formed on the connecting tab wire encapsulant, fixing members fix a connecting tab wire, which connects multiple solar cells, and the connecting tab wire cover.

Abstract: A carport includes a casting, wherein first brace and a second brace on a first side of the casting and a third brace and a fourth brace on a second side of the casting support a canopy. The first brace and the third brace are configured for electrical cable management. Electrical cables disposed within the first brace extend from the canopy through the first side of the casting. Electrical cables disposed within the third brace extend from the canopy through the second side of the casting. The second brace and the fourth brace are configured for precipitation management, wherein a gutter system integrated into the canopy directs precipitation to the second brace and the fourth brace, and the second brace and the fourth brace direct the precipitation from the canopy toward the casting.

Abstract: A stacked body is obtained by stacking a glass plate, a transparent resin sheet, a solar cell, a colored resin sheet, and a first resin sheet in the order. The stacked body is pressed under heat to fabricate the solar cell module. The module includes the glass plate, a transparent sealing layer placed between the glass plate and the solar cell and formed of the transparent resin sheet, a colored sealing layer placed between the first resin sheet and the solar cell and formed of the colored resin sheet, and the first resin sheet. One of the transparent resin sheet and the colored resin sheet has a tan ? of 1 or higher at a temperature of the pressing, and the other one of the transparent resin sheet and the colored resin sheet has a tan ? of less than 1 at the temperature of the pressing.

Abstract: A photovoltaic module includes front and back sealing layers and at least one photovoltaic cell positioned located therebetween. A moisture resistant layer provided between the first and second sealing layers extends around a portion of a perimeter of the at least one photovoltaic cell. A moisture barrier structure including moisture barrier particles is operatively connected to the sealing layers. The moisture barrier structure improves the moisture resistance of the sealing layer and decreases the water vapor transmission rate into the photovoltaic module.

Abstract: Techniques for hybrid solar thermal and photovoltaic energy collection are provided. In one aspect, a photovoltaic concentrating thermal collector (PVCTC) includes: a thermal absorber collector; and bent solar panels forming a parabolic shaped trough reflector partially surrounding the thermal absorber collector so as to reflect incident light onto the thermal absorber collector. A PVCTC system including an array of PVCTC units and a method for hybrid electrical and thermal energy production are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting connector (20) faults in a power conversion system (10). The system (10) comprises a plurality of series of modules (14) operable in a power conversion mode. A loop connection (30) is provided between the output of a final module (14) in the series and a first module (14) in the series and a loop switch (RL3) is provided in the loop connection (30). Loop current circuitry is provided in one or more of the modules (14) to generate a current flow within the loop and voltage measurement circuitry within each of the modules measures voltage of the input of the module relative to a local reference voltage and/or the output of the module relative to a local reference voltage. A control unit compares the voltages measured for the input and/or output of each of the modules against the voltages measured for the output and/or input of the adjacent modules to determine the resistance of the connection contacts between the module and the adjacent modules.

Abstract: A flexible solar cell assembly and methods for its manufacture are described. The flexible solar cell assembly comprises: solar cells comprising opposing top and back surfaces of different polarities, a contact at the top surface and a contact at the back surface; a flexible substrate; and conductive traces having end portions bonded to the top and bottom contacts of different solar cells so as to interconnect them in electrical series.

Abstract: A solar cell module laying system is configured to lay a plurality of solar cell modules on a wall surface rising in a substantially vertical direction. The plurality of solar cell modules includes a first solar cell module and a second solar cell module adjacent to each other, and the two adjacent solar cell modules have an overlapping region. The terminal box is disposed between the two adjacent solar cell modules and in the overlapping region, and a configuration satisfies the following condition (1) or (2). (1) A part of the terminal box is exposed toward an outside of a gap. (2) A part of the gap is closed by a member, the member can be attached to and removed from the gap, and a part of the terminal box is exposed toward the outside of the gap when the member is removed from the gap.

Abstract: A solar cell module includes a plurality of solar cells each including a semiconductor substrate and first electrodes and second electrodes extended on a back surface of the semiconductor substrate, first conductive lines connected to the first electrodes at crossings between the first electrodes and the first conductive lines through first conductive adhesive layers, second conductive lines connected to the second electrodes at crossings between the second electrodes and the second conductive lines through the first conductive adhesive layers, and an intercell connector extended between a first solar cell and a second solar cell that are adjacent to each other. The first conductive lines connected to the first solar cell and the second conductive lines connected to the second solar cell are commonly connected to the intercell connector.

Abstract: A solar module for installation on a structure includes a laminate for converting solar energy into electricity. The solar module also includes a mount releasably connected to the laminate for mounting the solar module on a surface of the structure. The mount includes openings to receive fasteners for securing the mount to the surface of the structure. The solar module has a pre-mount configuration in which the mount is connected to the laminate as a single unit. The mount is sized to allow the solar module to be shipped in the pre-mount configuration.

Abstract: A silicon wafer-based photovoltaic module is described, which includes a first outer protective layer and a second outer protective layer, wherein both outer protective layers comprise a low- or no-sodium glass or low- or no-alkali compositions. The photovoltaic modules show resistance to water ingress, no or reduced potential-induced sodium ion drift, and reduced potential induced degradation.

Abstract: Hydrogen gas as a power source is obtained from gaseous water, including seawater vapor existing abundantly at near-surface levels of the oceans or humid air over land. An integrated system of photovoltaic cells for capturing and harnessing solar energy is combined with a water vapor electrolysis system comprising an electrolyzer with an anode compartment and a cathode compartment separated by a proton exchange membrane. The photovoltaic aspects of the system convert the energy of the sun to drive electrolysis of gaseous water from the environment. The electrolyzer aspects include an anode, a cathode, and a proton exchange membrane. At the anode, oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts oxidize H2O to oxygen gas and protons, the latter being diffused through a membrane (e.g., a solid polymer electrolyte membrane such as Nafion).

Abstract: Provided is a multilayer film including inorganic particles having a band gap energy of 3.3 eV or more and inorganic particles having a band gap energy of less than 3.3 eV in different layers. Here, the layer including inorganic particles having band gap energy of 3.3 eV or more is disposed at an upper portion than the layer including inorganic particles having a band gap energy of less than 3.3 eV. Accordingly, the layer including inorganic particles having a band gap energy of 3.3 eV or more is included close to incident light to increase a reflectance in UV region and induce internal reflection, thereby enhancing energy conversion efficiency of a cell. At the same time, the multilayer film may include a lower encapsulant layer or backsheet including inorganic particles having a band gap energy of 3.3 eV or more, thereby increasing reflectances in visible and IR regions and thus reducing a loss of the incident light.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer composition, to a layer element, preferably to at least one layer element of a photovoltaic module, comprising the polymer composition and to an article which is preferably said at least one layer of a layer element, preferably of a layer element of a photovoltaic module.

Abstract: A floor covering as a covering for a subfloor, wherein the floor covering has a layer which is composed of a curable material which is cured in the finished state of the floor covering and into which a reinforcing fabric and at least one electrical component are embedded. The at least one electrical component is connected by way of its bottom side to a subfloor, in particular an unfurnished floor, by adhesive bonding, and the reinforcing fabric covers the at least one electrical component by way of its side which is averted from the subfloor, so that the top side of the at least one electrical component is covered by the reinforcing fabric and the curable material.

Abstract: A multi-junction solar cell includes a first main surface and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface of a semiconductor body. A topmost pn-junction of a plurality of pn-junctions stacked on top of each other adjoins to the first main surface. A cell edge of the semiconductor body defines a shape of the first and the second main surfaces. An encapsulant on the first main surface provides an environmental protection of the semiconductor body. A mesa groove is provided on the first main surface and penetrates at least the topmost pn-junction. The mesa groove is located adjacent to the cell edge and is created around the circumference of the semiconductor body for providing an inner cell area and a mesa wall, the mesa wall being created between the mesa groove and the cell edge. The mesa groove is filled with the encapsulant.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for concentrating cosmic radiation originating from a celestial object, said apparatus comprising: a concentrating optical surface able to reflect incident cosmic radiation toward a target surface O?X?Y?, and liable to contain local surface errors and aiming and orientation errors; a system for inspecting the reflective optical surface; means for acquiring images of the optical surface from various viewpoints M?mn (X?mn, y?mn) that are located on the target surface, m varying from 1 to M and n varying from 1 to N, so as to obtain M×N images of the optical surface illuminated by the cosmic radiation, with M viewpoints along X? and N viewpoints along Y?, where M>1, N>1 and M·N?30; and a unit for processing the M·N acquired images, which unit is suitable for: calculating the slopes ??(P)/?x and ??(P)/?y for each point P(x,y) of the reflective optical surface, where: ? ? ? ( P ) ? x = g X ? ? ? 0 ? ? m = 1 M ? ? n = 1 N ? sign ? ( x

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell module includes a photovoltaic cell panel whose planar shape is a rectangular shape; an insulating material adhered to the photovoltaic cell panel, so as to cover the photovoltaic cell panel from an outer peripheral part on a light receiving surface side, via a side end surface, to an outer peripheral part on a back surface side; and a frame member configured to protect a periphery of the photovoltaic cell panel to which the insulating material is adhered, wherein among a first side and a second side of the photovoltaic cell panel facing each other, at least on the first side, the insulating material, which is adhered to the light receiving surface and the side end surface of the photovoltaic cell panel, and the frame member can be spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: A solar power module includes a solar panel, a metallic frame, a soft insulation glue material, and a hard insulation spacer. The solar panel is embedded in the metallic frame. The metallic frame includes an upper portion, an intermediate portion, and a lower portion. The soft insulation glue material is adapted to wrap at least one portion of an edge of the solar panel. The soft insulation glue material is fixedly disposed in the metallic frame. The soft insulation glue material to wrap the solar panel is divided into an upper part, an intermediate part, and a lower part. The hard insulation spacer is disposed between the solar panel and the lower portion of the metallic frame.

Abstract: A photovoltaic structure for absorption from the solar spectrum, includes a light transmitting substrate layer, a transparent electrode layer on the substrate layer, a direct band-gap, wide band-gap, nanocrystalline or microcrystalline, think film semiconducting first layer on the transparent electrode layer, a second think film layer comprising a narrow band-gap semiconductor on the first layer a second electrode layer on the second think film layer, and a protective layer on the second electrode layer. The structure has a hetero-structure at the boundary between the wide-band-gap layer and the second thin film layer. The second layer can be chalcogenide salt having an average thickness of 0.4 to 1.2 ?m, and preferably an average thickness of 0.5 to 0.6 ?m. The chalcogenide salt layer is a lead chalcogenide, such as a nanocrystaline lead sulfide, nanocrystalline lead selenide, or a nanocrystalline lead telluride.

Abstract: A multi-layer backsheet for a photovoltaic module comprising a first layer having a reflectance of more than 25% of a light with a wavelength anywhere from about 1000 nm to about 2100 nm, and a reflectance of less than 35% of all light with a wavelength from about 380 nm to about 750 nm; and a second layer having a reflectance of more than 50% of all light with a wavelength from about 380 nm to about 2000 nm. A photovoltaic module comprising the multi-layer backsheet, a method of making the photovoltaic module, and a method of converting sunlight into electricity by exposing the photovoltaic module to sun light.

Abstract: The invention described herein details flexible, high-efficiency photovoltaic cells with nano-enhanced absorbers and ultra-low dark current. By extending infrared absorption, power conversion efficiencies in single-junction, nano-enhanced solar cells can potentially meet or even exceed the Shockley-Queisser limit. Novel device designs utilizing advanced band gap engineering are employed to suppress non-radiative recombination and expose the limiting radiative component of the dark current. Light trapping structures and new nanostructured absorber designs are also considered to maximize the creation and collection of photogenerated carriers. Flexible photovoltaic devices are fabricated using established full-wafer epitaxial liftoff processes. The innovative design described herein provides for light-weight and flexible photovoltaic sheets capable of achieving ultra-high conversion efficiencies over a wide range of operating conditions.

Abstract: A method of forming a battery with improved properties is provided. The battery has a cathode material prepared by the complexometric formulation methodology comprising MjXp wherein: Mj is at least one positive ion selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and transition metals and n represents the moles of positive ion per mole of MjXp; and Xp is a negative anion or polyanion selected from Groups IIIA, IV A, VA, VIA and VIIA and may be one or more anion or polyanion and p representing the moles of negative ion per moles of MjXp. The battery has a discharge capacity at the 1000th discharge cycle of at least 120 mAh/g at room temperature at a discharge rate of 1 C when discharged from at least 4.6 volts to at least 2.0 volts.

Abstract: Discussed is an integral inverter usable with a solar cell module including a solar cell panel. The integral inverter includes a terminal connected to the solar cell panel, an inverter member including a direct current (DC)-alternating current (AC) inverter electrically connected to the terminal and a potting member configured to cover at least a portion of the inverter member while exposing the terminal.

Abstract: L-shaped positive electrode bus bar 11 and negative electrode bus bar 12 are provided along a vertical side 1b and a horizontal side 1c of the solar battery module 1, positive electrode output terminals 13a and 13b, and negative electrode output terminals 14a and 14b are led out from the long horizontal side 1c, and a positive electrode box 15, a negative electrode box 16, and the like are provided to the long horizontal side 1c. In addition, all solar battery cells 3 of first and second rows R1 and L2 are connected in series by using only one connection bus bar 7. Accordingly, even when the positive electrode box 15, the negative electrode box 16, and the like are provided to the long horizontal side 1c of the solar battery module 1, the number of bus bars is small and the number of connection processes such as soldering is also small.

Abstract: Provided are a photoelectric conversion element and a dye sensitized solar cell having a supporting substrate, a conductive layer, a power generating layer having a porous semiconductor layer onto which a metal complex dye represented by Formula (1) is adsorbed, a porous insulating layer, and a counter electrode conductive layer, in which the layers are laminated in this order on the supporting substrate, and voids that each of the power generating layer, the porous insulating layer, and the counter electrode conductive layer has are filled with an electrolyte. R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group. G represents a group represented by any one of Formulae (G-1) to (G-4). A1 to A3 each represent a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, or a salt thereof. At least one of A1 to A3 is a carboxyl group or a salt thereof. X1 and X2 each represent —O—, —S—, and others. Ra represents an alkyl group and the like. Rb to Re each represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent. na represents 1 to 3.

Abstract: A variable transmittance optical filter comprising: a first layer comprising a first substantially transparent substrate with a substantially co-planar (SC) electrode system disposed thereon, the SC electrode system made of transparent electrically conductive material and comprising at least one pair of electrically separate electrodes arranged in a substantially co-planar manner on the first substantially transparent substrate, each pair of electrically separate electrodes comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, a second layer proximate to the first layer and comprising a transition material that darkens in response to a non-electrical stimulus and lightens in response to application of an electric voltage; and an electrical connection system for electrically connecting the SC electrode system to a source of electric voltage.

Abstract: A method is provided for making a molded photovoltaic module. The module includes a flexible polymeric flex-circuit substrate having an electrically conductive printed wiring pattern and solder pads defined on it. Small photovoltaic cells are affixed to the flex-circuit substrate by back-surface contacts in electrical contact with the solder pads. At least one thermoformable polymeric film is joined to the flex-circuit substrate. Each said solder pad comprises a solder composition that, after an initial melt, has a melting point that lies above at least a portion of the temperature range for thermoforming the polymeric film.

Abstract: Provided is a photoelectric conversion module group that enables a balance of high levels of mechanical strength improvement and weight reduction when thin photoelectric conversion modules are used. The photoelectric conversion module includes: a plurality of photoelectric conversion modules (11); a flexible linking portion (12) that mechanically and electrically connects two adjacent photoelectric conversion modules (11) among the plurality of photoelectric conversion modules (11); a flexible protective member (14) that covers at least one of a front surface and a rear surface of the linking portion (12); and one or more rigid reinforcing members (13) that partially cover the photoelectric conversion modules (11). In a case in which a reinforcing member (13) is present at a rear surface of any of the photoelectric conversion modules (11), the rear surface includes an exposed surface region that is not covered by the reinforcing member (13).

Abstract: A solar cell module according to an embodiment includes: a light transmissive first substrate; a second substrate; at least one cell array disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the cell array including a plurality of cells arranged, each of the cells including a first electrode disposed on the first substrate, an organic photoelectric conversion film disposed on the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed on the organic photoelectric conversion film; a plurality of light transmissive partition walls disposed at portions on the first substrate, the portions being located between adjacent ones of the cells and at both end portions of the cell array; and a first resin film disposed between the second substrate and each of the cells between adjacent ones of the partition walls, the cells being connected in series.

Abstract: A solar-charging storage container apparatus includes a container body having a top rim, a container lid having a bottom rim and being adapted to overlie the container body such that the container body and the container lid form a storage compartment, an arrangement of mechanisms positioned proximate the top rim of said container body and the bottom rim of the container lid and being adapted to removably fit the top and bottom rims together so as to form a water resistant seal therebetween, and a solar-charging module incorporated by the container lid and having a solar array on an outer portion of the module being exposed exteriorly of the container lid to receive solar rays and at least one electrical connector on an inner portion of the module being exposed interiorly of the container lid for electrical connection to an electronic device stored in the storage compartment.

Abstract: A first composition (A) contains (i) at least one compound (I) selected from the group consisting of triallyl isocyanurate, and triallyl cyanurate, wherein the compound (I) is preferably triallyl isocyanurate, and (ii) at least one bis(alkenylamide) compound. A second composition (B) contains the first composition (A) and at least one polyolefin copolymer. The composition (B) is used for the production of a film for encapsulation of an electronic device, especially a solar cell.

Abstract: A solar cell module mounting device for installing, onto a mounting surface, a solar cell module having a first end section and a second end section that extend parallel to each other, is provided with: a beam member having a first support section for supporting the first end section of the solar cell module, and a second support section for supporting the second end section of another solar cell module located adjacent to the solar cell module; and a fixture that supports the beam member, is affixed to the mounting surface, and is formed so as to be affixed to the mounting surface by a fastener on the side of the beam member where the first support section, and not the second support section, is provided.

Abstract: A leveler for a solar module can include a base, a rotatable adjuster, and a follower. The rotatable adjuster can be mounted to the base with a swaging process, or other techniques. The follower can be embedded within a coupler configured to be connectable to solar modules. Turning the rotatable height adjuster changes the relative spacing between the solar module and the base.

Abstract: A semiconductor module is provided in which a semiconductor element is mounted and a plurality of outside connecting modules are drawn from a side of a mold resin portion. To ensure sufficient space for a holding tool used in mounting the semiconductor module to a device with a simple structure, holding side portions are provided for at least two opposing corner portions of corner portions between adjacent sides of the mold resin portion.

Abstract: A composite switchable pane array, having: a first pane; a second pane, and an intermediate layer arranged therebetween, wherein the intermediate layer has at least one first thermoplastic polymer film and one second thermoplastic polymer film, and an SPD film arranged therebetween; and an edge sealing arranged in the outer edge region of the intermediate layer, containing a polyimide (PI) and/or polyisobutylene (PIB).

Abstract: There is provided a solar cell module with good weather resistance (moisture resistance) and power generation efficiency. A solar cell module 1 comprises a solar cell panel 10 configured to include a solar cell element 12 and a front surface protective member 14 disposed on a light receiving surface side of the solar cell element 12; a first coating member 22 having moisture resistance that is stuck to the solar cell panel 10 with adhesive such that at least a surface S1 of the front surface protective member 14 and a side end surface S3 of the solar cell panel 10 are covered continuously at a peripheral edge of the solar cell panel 10; and a second coating member 32 covering at least an end A1 of the first coating member 22 on the front surface protective member 14 side while being in contact with the surface S1 of the front surface protective member 14.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device cell comprising a first light transmissive electrical contact, an active region, a second light transmissive electrical contact, and a layered structure enclosing the active region, the layered structure being formed of two parts, a first part underlying the first light transmissive electrical contact and a second part overlying the second electrical contact and wherein the constants of the layers in these layered structures are interdependent such that light is localized within the active region.

Abstract: Provided are a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, a pressure-sensitive adhesive film, and a method of manufacturing an organic electronic device using the same. The pressure-sensitive adhesive composition that may effectively prevent moisture or oxygen added to an organic electronic device from an external environment, and exhibit reliability under harsh conditions such as high temperature and high humidity and excellent optical characteristics, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive film including the same are provided.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a solar cell comprises forming a first conductivity-type silicon-based thin-film on a first surface of a substrate; forming a second conductivity-type silicon-based thin-film different from the first conductivity-type silicon-based thin-film, on a second surface of the substrate that is opposite to the first surface of the substrate; forming a first transparent electrode layer on the first conductivity-type silicon-based thin-film; and forming a second transparent electrode layer on the second conductivity-type silicon-based thin-film; forming a first metal seed layer on a first transparent electrode layer; forming a second metal seed layer on a second transparent electrode layer; forming a third metal seed layer on a peripheral edge and on an end-edge of the second conductivity-type silicon-based thin-film; forming a first plating layer on the first metal seed layer and a third plating layer on the third metal seed layer simultaneously by an electroplating method.

Abstract: Devices and system for installing solar modules for the generation of solar power are disclosed. One device could be a mid-mount assembly having a module sleeve coupled to a module sleeve adapter for engaging boundary surfaces of one solar module. A second device could be an end-mount assembly having a top structure engaged with a bottom structure to form two sides, one side for engaging boundary surfaces of one solar module and the other for engaging a module sleeve on a second side. The solar modules installation system could include a plurality of the solar panels, a plurality of end-mount assemblies and mid-mount assemblies, and a plurality of base assemblies coupled to the plurality of end-mount assemblies and mid-mount assemblies.

Abstract: A gas barrier film includes two or more first barrier layers each made of a first inorganic material and one or more second barrier layers each made of a second inorganic material different from the first inorganic material. Each of the two or more first barrier layers and each of the one or more second barrier layers are alternately stacked. The first inorganic material comprises aluminum oxide. Each of the two or more first barrier layers has a thickness of 3 nm or more. The total thickness of the two or more first barrier layers is 20 nm or less. The two or more first barrier layers and the one or more second barrier layers are formed by atomic layer deposition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a roof attachment assembly for mounting a solar panel on a roof without the use of rails. The assembly includes a splice member includes grounding elements for electrically grounding the solar panel and is removably connected to the array skirt. Also disclosed is a method of using the assembly and an assembly kit.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass capable of displaying images with a high luminous intensity when irradiated with a light beam and having excellent durability, and a laminated glass including the interlayer film for laminated glass. The present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass, including a light-emitting layer that contains a polyvinyl acetal resin and a lanthanoid complex as light-emitting particles, the light-emitting layer containing not more than 100 ppm in total of a nitric acid-derived component and a carbonate component.