Abstract: A tube comprising an inner layer, an outer layer and a barrier layer disposed between the inner layer and the outer layer, wherein the barrier layer is bound to the outer layer by a layer of adhesive disposed between the outer layer and the barrier layer and the barrier layer is bound to the inner layer by a layer of adhesive disposed between the inner layer and the barrier layer, wherein the inner layer comprises a polyethylene, the outer layer comprises a thermoplastic polyurethane and the barrier layer comprises a material that acts as a barrier to gas.

Abstract: In a filament winding method, while a rotating tank relatively reciprocates in a tank axial direction to a helical winding head, fibers are fed from yarn-feeding sections to the tank. After the tank turns back in the tank axial direction, a large number of fibers are wound around one domed portion and a trunk portion of the tank, and trailing ends of the large number of fibers are located at one end portion of the trunk portion. Then a piece or a small number of fibers are fed from a rotating hoop winding head to the trunk portion, and hoop winding is performed on helical winding layers formed around the trunk portion. Then, at the one end portion of the trunk portion, the large number of fibers pulled from the yarn-feeding sections of the helical winding head are cut off.

Abstract: A seal obstructs the migration of particulates and precipitation into a pipe fusion chamber through its pipe stick entry and pipeline exit passages. Sheets of cloth serially overlap the anticipated center axis of a pipe stick/pipeline which will pass through the machine. The outer edge of each sheet is pleated and fixed to a frame contiguous with the perimeter of the passage and the inner edge of each sheet is gathered on an elastic band. When a face of a pipe stick/pipeline pushes the sheets away from the frame, the pleats and bands cooperate to allow the inner edges of the sheets to slide over the face and hug substantially the entire outer circumference of the pipe stick/pipeline.

Abstract: A composite material made of multiple filament bands is disclosed. The filament bands are wound to create a composite material. The filament bands may be impregnated with a solid or semi-solid resin. The filament bands are wound in multiple orientations to form a sheet of composite material. Additionally, the composite material may be made to have a varying number of layer and fiber orientations throughout the sheet of composite material. In another embodiment, a composite component requiring multiple layers and fiber orientations may be substantially manufactured during a filament winding process.

Abstract: A flexible hose or a tubing having a barrier layer of polyamide 6 having an impact modifier, and/or branched molecular structure, a flexural modulus of 1 to 2 GPa and/or a tensile elongation of 100% or more. The hose may have additional layers such as an HNBR rubber inner tube, an EVM/CPE rubber blend outer cover, a textile or wire reinforcement, or the like. Permeability to ethanol- and methanol-containing fuels is very low. Permeability to B20 biofuels is very low.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a self-draining hose. The self-draining hose includes a flexible hose connected to an inlet end fitting and an outlet end fitting and defines a fluid passage through the flexible hose. The flexible hose is made from an elastomer material having a memory with a cross-sectional flat profile defining a collapsed position closing the fluid passage, and has is expandable to an expanded position opening the fluid passage. In use, upon introduction of a pressurized fluid at the inlet end fitting the flexible hose expands from the collapsed position to the expanded position to permit flow of the fluid through the fluid passage towards the outlet end fitting. Upon termination of the introduction of the pressurized fluid at the inlet end fitting the memory of the elastomer material collapses the flexible hose from the expanded position to the collapsed position expelling the fluid from the fluid passage.

Abstract: A tubular body for a medical device for insertion within a body passageway of a patient. The tubular body includes a tubular inner liner. A braided member is disposed along an outer surface of the liner. The braided member includes intersecting filaments and cells defined by the filaments. A securement mechanism, such as radiopaque solder, is disposed along a circumferential region of the braided member. The securement mechanism is attached to portions of the filaments and spans the cells that correspond to the circumferential region to inhibit relative movement of filament ends. An outer surface of the securement mechanism is sized to extend radially outward to a position up to an outer surface of the braided member to not add to the overall wall thickness of the tubular body. An outer jacket is positioned longitudinally around the braided member and connected to the inner liner.

Abstract: A core sample holder assembly for performing a laboratory magnetic resonance measurement of a core sample taken from a hydrocarbon containing formation is provided. The assembly comprises a pressure chamber provided by a hull and one or more flanges are sealingly coupled with the hull. A flexible core sample holder sleeve is arranged within the pressure chamber and is sealingly coupled with at least one of the flanges. An overburden fluid injection port is in fluid communication with an annular space between the hull and the flexible sleeve and is configured to inject overburden fluid into an annular space between the hull and the flexible sleeve. A pressure regulator is configured to maintain the overburden fluid in the annular space at an elevated pressure. A radio-frequency antenna, within the pressure chamber and wrapped around the sample holder sleeve, is configured to receive an electromagnetic-signal from the core sample. In use, the core sample is arranged substantially within the sleeve.

Abstract: A spar platform comprises one or more continuous-fiber composite tubes fabricated at or near the intended site use of the platform. In some embodiments, the spar platform includes a relatively longer central tube and relatively shorter peripheral tubes. In some other embodiments, the spar platform is a single long tube. In some embodiments, the spar platform supports a wind turbine assembly. The continuous-fiber composite tubes are formed, in either a vertical or horizontal orientation, using a modified vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process.

Abstract: A hose comprising a tubular body of flexible material arranged between an inner and outer helically wound wire. The hose further comprises an elongate member having opposing longitudinal edges, the elongate member being helically wound around the tubular body such that the opposing longitudinal edges of the layer are in an adjacent or overlapping arrangement, wherein each longitudinal edge includes a formation capable of interengaging with a cooperating formation on the opposing longitudinal edge, wherein the elongate member is provided at least one reinforcing member which extends along the longitudinal axis of the elongate member.

Abstract: A shape memory faucet has a base configured to be coupled to a surface, a spray head configured to direct a spray of fluid, and a faucet spout disposed between the base and the spray head, the faucet spout comprising a waterway and at least one elongated member formed from a shape memory alloy material. The faucet spout having the elongated member(s) formed from the shape memory alloy material is deformable from an initial shape corresponding to a rest position to a displaced shape corresponding to a deployed position. The elongated member(s) formed from the shape memory alloy material are operable to return the faucet spout to the rest position when released from the deployed position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flexible pipe having a multi-layered structure comprising unbonded layers, comprising an inner lining having the following layer arrangement: a) an innermost layer made of a fluoropolymer molding compound, b) an intermediate layer made of a molding compound on the basis of an olefinic polymer, which is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, isotactic polypropylene, syndiotactic polypropylene and syndiotactic polystyrene, c) an outer layer made of a polyamide molding compound, wherein the layer made of a polyamide molding compound is particularly efficiently protected against hydrolysis. The pipe is thus particularly suited for offshore applications in oil or gas production.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flexible tube of multilayer construction having unbonded layers, wherein at least one layer is formed in that a tape made of a plastic molding compound is spirally wound about a further inner layer, wherein the upper and lower layers of the tape are simultaneously or subsequently welded to each other at overlapping regions.

Abstract: A composite fabric includes: a fabric backing; an adhesive layer; a midlayer barrier bonded to the fabric backing by the adhesive layer; and an external barrier bonded to the midlayer barrier, wherein the composite fabric has a hydrostatic pressure resistance of at least 100 psi and is sufficiently flexible such that it can be formed into a tube and everted. A process and an apparatus for producing the composite fabric are also disclosed. The composite fabric is particularly suitable for use as a liner in a cured-in-place pipe repair method.

Abstract: A supply hose includes a core tube, a first layer, a second layer, and a sheath. The core tube defines a hollow interior that surrounds a central axis and is configured to transport fluid therethrough. The first layer and/or the second layer provide tensile strength to the supply line. The first layer is disposed about the core tube and includes a plurality of first fibers. The first fibers are braided about the core tube at a first angle, relative to the central axis. The second layer is disposed directly on the exterior surface of the first layer and includes a plurality of second fibers. The second fibers are braided about the exterior surface of the first layer at a second angle, relative to the central axis. The sheath may be disposed about the second layer.

Abstract: A flame resistant hose having a nitrile-containing rubber inner tube layer; two reinforcing plies one or more insulating plies of rubberized fiberglass unidirectional cord fabric helically wrapped at a helix angle in the range of 40-60 degrees with respect to the hose longitudinal axis and with the edges of each reinforcing ply overlapping up to about 0.5 inches; an optional rubber cushion or tie layer between the reinforcing plies and the insulating plies; and a polychloroprene rubber outer cover layer. The hose may have one or more helical wires embedded in the hose such as between the two reinforcing layers. The hose successfully passes fire resistance testing when tested according to BS ISO 15540:1999 incorporating amendment number 1.

Abstract: A method for making a charge-air hose for a motor vehicle includes producing a continuous inliner having a cylindrical inner surface in an extrusion process while pneumatically shaping the cylindrical inner surface without a mandrel by bringing the inner cylindrical surface to an inner diameter D1. Thereafter, an elastomeric inner ply, a first knit ply, an elastomeric intermediate ply, a second knit ply and an elastomeric outer ply are applied to the inliner successively, coaxially and continuously to form a continuous charge-air hose section. The first and second knit plies are made from an endless yarn and have respective orientations different from each other. Charge-air hose blanks are cut to length and the charge-air hose blanks are shaped with a mandrel defining a curved longitudinal axis and having a diameter D2 which, in at least a longitudinal segment, is at least 6% greater than the inner diameter D1.

Abstract: A well logging instrument housing includes an electrically non-conductive tube and at least one layer of fiber embedded in a matrix surrounding an exterior of the tube. The at least one fiber layer includes at least one carbon fiber. The at least one or carbon fiber is arranged to have substantially no closed loops.

Abstract: An adhesive tape having a carrier and an adhesive layer applied to at least one side of the carrier, wherein the carrier is a thread-stitched web nonwoven carrier produced from a preconsolidated base web of staple fibers. Mutually parallel threads are stitched into the base web to form the final thread-stitched web nonwoven carrier, wherein the ultimate tensile strength of the preconsolidated but not as yet overstitched base web is less than 2 N/cm. In embodiments, the ultimate tensile strength of the preconsolidated but not as yet overstitched base web is below 1 N/cm or below 0.5 N/cm.

Abstract: The composite tube comprises a tubular arrangement of knitted fiber characterized by a plurality of interlocking loops. Selected knitted patterns provide desired density or spacing between fibers. Selected fibers may include materials such as Kevlar®, carbon fiber, and combinations thereof. The tubular knitted pattern allows for variable electrical, mechanical and geometrical options. A matrix material is applied over the knitted fiber pattern and is allowed to cure. The matrix material may include a combination of resin and epoxy constituents. The matrix material may be applied by a vacuum bag molding process. Electrical and mechanical properties can also be controlled by selecting desired resin and epoxy constituents. The flexible knitted reinforcing layer allows use of an inflatable bladder to hold the reinforcing layer in the desired shape, thereby facilitating tube constructions of varying shapes and diameters.

Abstract: A self-actuated linearly retractable and extendible hose for use in transporting fluids (liquids, gases, solid particles, and combinations of these) between a source location and an output location can be implemented as an extendible hose comprising a biasing element, a sealing layer, and a reinforced cover layer. The sealing layer forms a sealed conduit for transporting the fluids, and the reinforced cover layer on the outside provides radial and longitudinal strength for the sealing layer. The hose can be operated by increasing internal pressure within the hose relative to ambient pressure. When the hose is pressurized by a fluid source, the internal pressure of the hose overcomes the retracting force of the biasing element and the hose extends. When the fluid source is turned off or disconnected from the hose, internal pressure is reduced and the biasing element exerts a tension force on the hose causing the hose to retract.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an umbilical hose comprising in order a thermoplastic inner liner, at least one fibrous reinforcement layer having a layer thickness no greater than 1.5 mm, comprising continuous filament yarns having a yarn tenacity of at least 13 g/dtex and a linear density no greater than 6667 dtex, and a thermoplastic outer cover.

Abstract: A fire resistant flexible hose construction particularly adapted for aerospace applications includes a tubular core, a reinforcement layer surrounding the exterior surface of the tubular core, a thermal insulation layer surrounding reinforcement layer, and an integral firesleeve layer surrounding the thermal insulation layer. The reinforcement layer includes one or more filaments of one or more fibers, such as aramid fibers. The thermal insulation layer is constructed of one or more filaments of e-glass.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ducting for a fluid transfer pipeline for an aircraft or spacecraft, an aeronautical structure incorporating it and a method for producing this ducting. The ducting (1) comprises a pipe (2) with a thermoplastic or thermoplastic elastomeric layer (4) and a reinforcing layer (5) surmounting it.

Abstract: A multilayer hose comprising in order, (i) a thermoplastic inner liner, (ii) at least one first fibrous reinforcement layer comprising continuous filament yarns having a yarn tenacity of at least 13 grams per dtex, (iii) at least one second fibrous reinforcement layer comprising continuous filament yarns having a yarn tenacity of at least 13 grams per dtex, and (iv) a thermoplastic outer cover wherein the continuous filament yarns of the at least one second fibrous reinforcement layer have a yarn modulus greater than the yarn modulus of the continuous filament yarns of the at least one first fibrous reinforcement.

Abstract: A limb for a breathing circuit manufactured from very thin walled polymer materials has an elongate axial reinforcing spine lying freely inside the conduit and fixed to each end connector. The spine is laterally compliant but axially stiff. The spine provides resistance to tensile and compressive loads on the conduit, including that induced by prevailing internal pressures.

Abstract: A flexible pipe body for transporting production fluids containing one or more acidic components comprises a fluid-retaining inner polymeric barrier layer and at least one layer including a metallic component and arranged outside said barrier layer, wherein said polymeric barrier layer comprises a first, inner, sub-layer of a polymeric barrier material through which at least some of said acidic component may permeate and a second sub-layer formed on said first sub-layer including a material capable of reacting chemically with said acidic component to form reaction products which are non-corrosive to said metallic component.

Abstract: A system for conveying a fluid is disclosed. Such system comprises a spoolable tube comprising an inner layer comprising a first layer and a reinforcing layer comprising fiber, which defines a first passage for conveying a first fluid; an outer layer; and one or more fittings adapted to engage an axial end of said inner layer and an axial end of said outer layer.

Abstract: An elongate hollow structure and method of constructing the hollow structure is described, the hollow structure including a radially inner portion and a radially outer portion merging together to form a tubular wall structure. The method includes providing the radially inner portion, assembling the radially outer portion about the radially inner portion, and radially expanding the inner portion. The outer portion comprises an outer layer of fibre reinforced composite construction surrounded by a flexible outer casing. A space is provided between the radially inner portion and flexible outer casing. The outer layer includes reinforcement and a binder. The flexible outer casing resists radial expansion of the reinforcement, subjecting it to radial compression. The radially expanding inner portion cooperates with the flexible outer casing to cause the volume of the space to progressively decrease, causing the binder to spread through the space between the radially inner portion and flexible outer casing.

Abstract: A hose for use in a fluid transfer system includes a first layer that is made of a plastic material and a second layer having fiber strands that are wound about the first layer. Optionally, the hose may also have additional layers to provide added strength, permeation resistance, or other properties.

Abstract: A hose assembly resistant to internal high frequency high pressure fluid impulses including a tubular liner having an inner surface, an outer surface, and a wall therebetween defining a passageway, and at least one extrusion preventing layer operatively connected to said outer surface of said tubular liner. A method for making a hose assembly by extruding a flexible tubular liner, disposing an extrusion preventing layer by disposing an inner wrap of flattened fabric yarn with no interstices between adjacent windings onto an outer surface of the flexible tubular liner, and disposing an outer wrap helically counterwound about the inner wrap, securing the inner and outer wraps of the extrusion preventing layer to each other and to the tubular liner by applying a bond coating, and heating the assembly to dry, fuse, and cure the bond coating. A method of using the hose assembly.

Abstract: A hose having a low permeation rate, in particular a hose for a high temperature coolant, having at least the following layer configuration: a barrier layer in the form of monofilm or multilayer film made of a polymer material; an inner layer that is placed on top of the barrier layer and is made of a polymer material having elastic properties; a reinforcement supported by the inner layer made of threadlike material, and an outer layer made of a polymer material having elastic properties, which protects against external influences. The reinforcement features a spiraled shape, specifically by forming at least two spiraled layers, wherein the area between two spiraled layers is free of an intermediate layer of a polymer material. In addition, the area between two spiraled layers is in particular free of a bonding agent. Further a method for producing such a hose is disclosed.

Abstract: An umbilical casing for an umbilical, for use in underwater drilling operations includes an inner thermoplastic polymer layer, an outer thermoplastic polymer layer and at least two fibre reinforcement layers between the inner and outer thermoplastic layers. The fibre reinforcement layers are contra helical with each including at least one group of fibre yarns laid helically along the outside of the inner thermoplastic layer. Each group of fibre yarns comprises a plurality of fibre yarns laid to run in side by side fashion along the outside of the inner thermoplastic layer. An umbilical including the casing and methods of manufacture are also provided.

Abstract: A hose assembly and a method for forming the hose assembly are disclosed. The hose assembly includes a core tube having an outer peripheral surface and is formed from a fluoropolymer. The hose assembly also includes a first reinforcing layer disposed about the core tube and defining a plurality of first apertures, and a second reinforcing layer disposed about the first reinforcing layer and having an exterior surface and defining a plurality of second apertures. The hose assembly further includes a polymeric binder, formed from a binder composition, on the outer peripheral surface of the core tube, in the first and second apertures, and about the exterior surface of the second reinforcing layer to bond the first and second reinforcing layers to the core tube.

Abstract: Hose (70) has a biasing spring (76) extends along the full length. Spring (76) is covered with hose cover material (72) on the outside and hose support layer (74) and hose sealing layer (72) on the inside to form a sealed hose. The invention comprises the improvement of the hose body (layers (72), (74) and (75)) by defining the layers as bowed inward radially between the individual spring coils to create a helical indentation (74b) around hose (70). This helical indentation (74b) causes the hose body materials (layers (72), (74) and (75)) move inward radially when hose (70) is retracted and the coils of spring (76) are forced close together longitudinally. Thus, layers (72), (74) and (75) are folded substantially with spring (76) when retracted, greatly reducing the volume of hose (70) in its retracted position and substantially protecting (72), (74) and (75) from damage by abrasion an puncture.

Abstract: A flexible hose structure includes at least one inner tubular layer of a first polymeric material defining a longitudinal axis, at least one meshed intermediate reinforcement layer arranged on the inner layer and having at least one first series of yarns defining first chained wales and first courses arranged according to a helical progression with a first pitch of predetermined length, and at least one second series of yarns defining second chained wales and second courses arranged according to a helical progression with a second pitch of predetermined length. The first pitch is a multiple of the second pitch, and the first wales (and the second wales are mutually interlaced with respective meshes not in a chain to exert an independent resistance to radial expansion on the inner layer.

Abstract: A hose comprising a tubular body of flexible material arranged between inner and outer gripping members, wherein at least one of the gripping members is made of a material, especially a composite material, which expands on cooling.

Abstract: A crush resistant hose comprises a plurality of layers (12, 14, 16, 18, 20) comprising a reinforcing carcass formed from a mixture of multifilament fibers (30) including at least one of polyester, aramide, nylon and rayon.

Abstract: An extendable and retractable pressure hose can be constructed comprising an input connector, an output connector, an elastic inner hose, an outer cover, and one or more portions of the elastic inner hose engaged with the outer cover and disposed between the first and second ends of the hose. In such a hose, the input connector and output connector can be connected to each end of elastic inner hose and outer cover.

Abstract: A spoolable pipe is disclosed, the spoolable pipe having an internal pressure barrier formed about a longitudinal axis, and a reinforcing layer(s) enclosing the internal pressure barrier. In one embodiment, the reinforcing layer(s) can include fibers having at least a partial helical orientation about approximately thirty and about approximately seventy degrees relative to the longitudinal axis, and, the wall can include at least one external layer enclosing the reinforcing layer(s) and having a permeability at least ten times greater than the permeability of the internal pressure barrier. The reinforcing layer(s) can further include a coating. The pipe can also include an energy conductor(s) integrated with and/or located between the internal pressure barrier and/or the reinforcing layer(s).

Abstract: A spoolable composite tube capable of being spooled onto a reel for storage and for use in oil field applications. The spoolable tube exhibits unique anistropic characteristics that provide improved burst and collapse pressures, increased tensile strength, compression strength, and load carrying capacity, while still remaining sufficiently bendable to be spooled onto a reel in an open bore configuration. The spoolable composite tube can include an inner liner, an interface layer, fiber composite layers, a pressure barrier layer, and an outer protective layer. The fiber composite layers can have a unique triaxial braid structure.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a spoolable pipe or tube that comprises two or more channels or cells, for example, a plurality of channels, for enhanced or improved fluid transport of one, two, or multi-phase fluids, such as found in the transport of oil and/or natural gas. Also provided are methods for making the disclosed tubes, and methods of transporting multi-phase fluids.

Abstract: A hose for a peristaltic pump is shown and described. The hose may include a generally tubular member capable of transporting a medium and a plurality of fabric layers positioned over the tubular member. The hose may further include a generally elastomeric outer layer positioned over the fabric layers, the outer layer having a generally smooth elastomeric outer surface.

Abstract: An undersea flexible pipe for conveying hydrocarbons, the pipe including from the inside to the outside an inner sealing sheath, at least one ply of traction armors wound about the inner sealing sheath, a deformable holding layer including at least one flexible ribbon or holding band wound about the traction armor ply, and at least one tubular structure surrounding the holding layer, wherein the ribbon includes fiber strands oriented substantially in the longitudinal direction of the ribbon. The ribbon is covered by a reinforcing layer of a polymer material for the deformation resistance of the holding layer.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a method to manufacture an armor layer of a spoolable pipe. The method includes forming one or more laminates and wrapping the one or more laminates onto an underlying layer of the pipe. At least one of the laminates is composed of at least one reinforcement tape and at least one fabric tape. The laminates may be bonded to an adjacent laminate, thereby forming a reinforcement stack. In another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a method to manufacture an armor layer of a spoolable pipe. The method includes providing a plurality of reinforcement tapes having fibers oriented in a first direction and disposing at least one fabric tape between at least two layers of the plurality of reinforcement tapes. The fibers of the at least one fabric tape may be oriented in at least a second direction.

Abstract: An outer tube for a front fork having an FRP pipe body which is subjected to braiding processing using a braider, wherein the FRP pipe comprises a combination of braids interlacing with each other at an interlacing angle ±?° with respect to a center axis of the pipe and warp fibers having an angle 0° with respect to the pipe center axis, rigidity of the plurality of warp fibers disposed at positions in a circumferential direction of the pipe is varied depending upon the positions in the circumferential direction of the pipe, and bending rigidity of the FRP pipe in the longitudinal direction is varied in the circumferential direction of the pipe.

Abstract: In a method for the introduction of an inliner into a pipe or a pipeline, where the external diameter of the inliner is greater than the internal diameter of the pipe or of the pipeline, and where the action of an external force is used to reduce the cross section of the inliner prior to the introduction, the inliner is composed of a polyamide moulding composition which comprises at least 50% by weight of polyamide which is not PA11. The recovery behavior of said polyamides is similar to that of polyethylene usually used for this purpose.

Abstract: Pipe with a liner or core pipe and a liner or core pipe which is insertable into a host pipe, the liner or core pipe including, in certain aspects, a pipe made of temperature-resistant non-metallic corrosion-resistant material; first and second strengthening wraps around the pipe; a plurality of spaced-apart axial strength members or pulling tapes on the pipe; and a protective outer wrap on the pipe. This abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure and is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims, 37 C.F.R. 1.72(b).

Abstract: Compact flexible reinforce rubber hose adapted for conveying fluids under high pressure. The hose includes a thin inner tube formed of a vulcanized rubber.

Abstract: This flexible pipe comprises a versatile and flexible tubular body (PP) which comprises, from the outside toward the inside, a pressure arch (1b-1c) with filaments (10) submerged in a layer of elastomer and wound in a helix with an angle of 54.7° in relation to the profile plates and an attached sealing layer (1a), as well as a pair of rigid end connector tips (EC) which comprises two coaxial cylindrical sleeves, an inner one (2) in which the sealing layer (1a) is fitted and held, and an outer one (7) which extends axially from the body side (PP) beyond the inner sleeve (2) while surrounding the transitional area, with variable diameter, of the pressure arch; the connector end is provided with a pair of flexible annular support elements (5, 6) with variable profile, arranged at this transitional area and inserted between the sealing layer (1a) and the pressure arch (1b-1c), and between the pressure arch (1b-1c) and the flange (7), respectively, avoiding shearing of the filaments upon inflation.