Abstract: A static mixing dispenser provides a circuitous flowpath for plural components to be mixed between the inlet and the outlet of a conduit. Coextensive exterior sheets forming a tube can be attached to an interior sheet having openings communicating through the interior sheet. The sheets are sealed together at interior obstructions, forming mixing stages that subdivide and recombine the stream of material. The interior obstructions comprise sheets having openings formed through the thickness of each sheet. The openings each have a flap of sheet material, the partial detachment of which from the sheet forms the opening, leaving a connection of limited area around which the flap can pivot.

Abstract: A pressure-compensating drip irrigation hose (10) has a water supply passage (26) and a flow regulating channel (24) smaller than the water supply passage (26). The flow regulating channel (24) comprises at least one inlet section (28), at least one outlet section (32), and at least one nozzle section (34) between an inlet section (28) and an outlet section (32). The inlet section (28) comprises one or more openings (38) connecting the water supply passage (26) to the flow regulating channel (24). The outlet section comprises one or more openings connecting the flow regulating channel (24) to the exterior of the hose (10). Preferably the flow regulating channel (24) further comprises at least one turbulent flow section (30) between an inlet section (28) and an outlet section (32). The nozzle section (34) is preferably between an inlet section (28) and a turbulent flow section (30). A method for making the drip irrigation hose (10) is also provided.

Abstract: A fluid pressure reduction device with tortuous flow paths in stacked disks. The fluid flow outlets are maintained independent by directed flow paths to avoid flow collisions in the exiting flow streams. A flow straightening section includes an inwardly tapered end section at the fluid flow outlets. Splitting of a tortuous flow path into at least two sub-flow paths with balancing of the mass flow between the sub-flow paths.

Abstract: An energy attenuation apparatus for a system conveying liquid under pressure, and a method for attenuating energy in such a system, are provided. The apparatus includes a housing containing at least one chamber, wherein an inlet conduit extends into the at least one chamber, a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for introducing liquid therefrom into the at least one chamber of the housing, and wherein an outlet conduit extends out of the at least one chamber, with a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for receiving liquid from the at least one chamber of the housing.

Abstract: An energy attenuation apparatus for a system conveying liquid under pressure, and a method for attenuating energy in such a system, are provided. The apparatus includes a housing containing at least one chamber, wherein an inlet conduit extends into the at least one chamber, a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for introducing liquid therefrom into the at least one chamber of the housing, and wherein an outlet conduit extends out of the at least one chamber, with a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for receiving liquid from the at least one chamber of the housing.

Abstract: An energy attenuation device for a conduit conveying liquid under pressure, a system incorporating same, and a method for attenuating energy in a conduit, are provided. The device includes a conduit that is disposed in or is part of the liquid-conveying conduit, wherein a chamber having an inlet end and an outlet end is formed in the conduit. Two separate tubes are disposed in the chamber of the conduit such that a respective annular space is provided between an inner peripheral surface of the conduit and an outer peripheral surface of each of the tubes, wherein at least one of the tubes has at least one hole in the outer peripheral surface thereof to allow communication between the interior of the tube and the chamber.

Abstract: A fluid delivery and removal mount for a stationary hydraulic roller shaft is disclosed as having a housing surrounding an annular support member which in turn supports the stationary roller shaft. The housing defines a pair of radially extending fluid conduits as does the annular support member. These fluid conduits in turn couple with a matched pair of radially oriented ports defined by the shaft. The shaft ports intersect a pair of axially extending fluid conduits formed in the shaft that serve to deliver and remove fluid from a hydraulic motor in roller. The annular support member preferably has a convex outer surface to match a concave inner surface of the housing thereby approximating the functionality of a self-aligning bearing. To facilitate off axis positions of the shaft, the fluid conduits of the housing are oversized compared to those of the annular support member. Optional circumferential seals located at the housing-support member interface limit fluid migration to the environment.

Abstract: An emitter unit to be integrally bonded to an internal surface of a conduit and comprising an elongated housing, a housing inlet adapted to communicate with an interior of said conduit and a housing outlet adapted to communicate with a conduit outlet. An elongated, flow-restricting flowpath is formed in the housing having a flowpath inlet communicating with the housing inlet and a flowpath outlet communicating with the housing outlet. A resiliently flexible membrane is mounted in the housing which is of closed box-like shape and is constituted by an elongated receiving member and a correspondingly elongated cover member. Projection and recess interengaging means are formed along the lengths of elongated rim portions of the members and are directed substantially transversely to longitudinal axes of said members such that projection means of one member are adapted to form a close pressure fit within corresponding recess means of the other member.

Abstract: A fluid pressure reduction device with stacked disks. Flow disks with inlet stage slots and outlet stage slots alternate with plenum disks having plenums and bypass slots. The bypass slots are aligned with the inlet stage slots so the flow capacity increases continually in a substantially linear manner when used in a flow control valve and the valve flow control element uncovers more of the stacked disk flow inlet openings.

Abstract: Choke for connection to a fluid flow passage for controlling fluid flow through the passage in a predetermined direction. The choke has structure for attachment to the fluid passage. It also has an internal fluid flow passage, which has at least one constriction. One or more mesh filters are located in the internal fluid flow passage of the choke, upstream of the constriction, to remove debris from the fluid which would otherwise interfere with fluid flow through the orifice.

Abstract: A valve assembly for controlling the flow of fluid through a conduit section having and an inlet and an outlet in which a ball valve having a through bore formed therein is rotatably mounted in the conduit section. The ball valve moves between an open position in which at least a portion of the bore registers with the inlet to permit the flow of the fluid through the ball valve, and a closed position in which fluid flow through the ball valve is prevented. An insert is disposed in the conduit section downstream of the ball valve, and a first series of passages are formed through the insert for receiving the fluid from the ball valve. At least one addition series of passages extend through the insert for receiving fluid from the first series of passages and discharging the fluid to the outlet, with the passages reducing the noise generated by the fluid flow.

Abstract: An energy attenuation apparatus for a system conveying liquid under pressure, and a method for attenuating energy in such a system, are provided. The apparatus includes a housing containing at least one chamber, wherein an inlet conduit extends into the at least one chamber, a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for introducing liquid therefrom into the at least one chamber of the housing, and wherein an outlet conduit extends out of the at least one chamber, with a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for receiving liquid from the at least one chamber of the housing. The ratio of the diameter of the housing to the diameter of the inlet or outlet conduit is at least 2:1.

Abstract: An adjustable height fill valve assembly for controlling water level in a storage tank, comprises a lower riser assembly comprising concentrically disposed inlet riser and an outer riser housing, each having an upper end and a lower end, the inlet riser and the riser housing connected together at the lower ends, the inlet riser being adapted for mounting in a hole in a flush tank, an upper riser assembly comprising concentrically disposed inner supply tube and an outer tubular valve housing, each having an upper end and a lower end, a main valve seat at the upper end of the inner supply tube, the upper riser assembly telescopically mounted on the lower riser assembly, a latch between the riser housing and the tubular valve housing for latching the upper and the lower riser assemblies in selected extended and retracted positions, the latch disengageable upon rotation of the upper riser assembly in either direction from a central position, a valve housing cap having a bayonet lock connection for quick connect d

Abstract: A method and apparatus having no moving parts for mixing materials and homogenizing multiphase flow in a very short section of the conduit (10) utilizing the energy from the moving fluid without the use of external energy. The mixing device (20) has a pair of generally semicircular openings (28, 30) separated by a diametrically extending post (32) and a pair of deflector wings (34, 36) extending in an inclined relation from the post (32) for dividing the multiphase flow into two counter-rotating flow streams (40, 42) which result in a homogenous singlephase flow stream.

Abstract: A fill valve has a main valve with a valving surface contacted by a valve disk. A series of offset radial paths separated by a toroidal path permit free radial flow at full open and quiet tortuous flow as the valve closes. Removal of a cap permits access to the main valve for cleaning. Indicia in the valve body provide easy height adjustments. A riser base is made up of easily molded locking parts and provides a variable height adjustment structure that is shielded from view. A flexible cup performs multiple functions including serving as a pilot valve, a vacuum breaker valve and a seal. A float for operating the pilot valve is pivotally mounted without extra parts or fasteners.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to improved microfluidic devices, systems and methods of using same, which incorporate channel profiles that impart significant benefits over previously described systems. In particular, the presently described devices and systems employ channels having, at least in part, depths that are varied over those which have been previously described. These varied channel depths provide numerous beneficial and unexpected results.

Abstract: An artificial eddy cascade structure, useful as a fluid input and/or fluid collection device with respect to a contained volume of fluid, is provided as a fractal construct of recursively smaller fluid conduits of recursively greater number, whose terminal points fill the contained volume with a high degree of density. The cascade structure functions as an alternative to, or avoidance of, the inter-fluid turbulence normally associated with fluid transport, mixing, distribution and collection operations.

Abstract: A manifold having a plurality of outlets each equally spaced from the inlet in the radial direction is provided. The equal spacing of the outlets from the inlet provides substantially equal flow across each outlet. Preferably, the manifold has a main body, an inlet coaxial with the main body and a plurality of outlets carried by the main body equally spaced from the inlet. A stop valve can be provided adjacent each outlet to allow each outlet to be independently closed while maintaining a substantially equal flow through the open outlets.

Abstract: An orifice tube refrigerant expansion valve has an upstream particulate filter of novel design and a downstream expansion noise attenuation filter with a fail safe flow provision. The upstream particulate filter is a truncated cone of porous filter material that forms a thin manifold space inside the refrigerant line, forcing refrigerant flow into a small central bore of the filter and concentrically into the orifice tube. Leaving the orifice tube, the flow is forced axially end to end through a cylindrical body of noise muffling, porous material. Should the noise muffling cylinder become blocked, it shifts piston-like to open a bypass passage around its outer surface so that flow is not blocked through the line.

Abstract: A device for mixing very small quantities of liquids comprises at least one mixing element with at least one inlet channel and at least one outlet channel; at least two microchannels issue from the inlet channel, all such issuing channels lying in a single branching plane. The microchannels are led to a confluence element in a plane which is rotated 90 degrees in relation to the branching plane. The mixer element is arranged in the planar surface of a substrate, the planar surface being hermetically sealed by a covering. The invention concerns a device for mixing liquids in which mixing is effected by the flow of the liquids to be mixed through narrow channels.

Abstract: An apparatus to mix various liquids in fluid streams includes an outer casing with a plurality of fluid inlets and a fluid outlet, and a plurality of discs bearing a plurality of different holes or groove arrangements stacked one upon another between the fluid inlets and outlet to induce a rotational angular velocity to the fluid streams.

Abstract: A series of flow control mixing devices used in a mixing chamber in a spray gun, or the like, to more thoroughly mix multi-components in a mixing chamber, consists of three different types of cylindrical mixing elements sealingly held in the chamber. Each of the mixing elements contains a pair of inlets, a central chamber and an outlet, connected together so as to mix entering components therein, and passing these mixed components to the outlet. Two of the types of mixing elements include a mixing reservoir or chamber formed on a top surface thereof. A plurality of second mixing elements are secured over a first or downstream mixing element, and a final or third mixing element is provided upstream of the other elements. The first element includes a spacing member on the lower surface, and all the mixing elements include O-ring seals held in grooves formed on the outer periphery thereof.

Abstract: A pulsation dampener or desurger for use in sterile or other high-temperature applications such as food- or pharmaceutical-processing plants has an outer case surrounding a concentric perforated mandrel. Flanges or other connectors provide for attachment to a piping system so that product flows through the mandrel. Enclosing the mandrel is a liner of polytetrafluoroethylene or other fluoropolymer; the liner in turn is enclosed by a resilient sheath which may be integral with the liner. Between the liner and the mandrel is a pressure chamber which fluctuates in volume responsive to surges in line pressure, dampening the amplitude of the surges. Expansion of liner and sheath is limited by pressure within a gas chamber in the region between sheath and case.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to improved microfluidic devices, systems and methods of using same, which incorporate channel profiles that impart significant benefits over previously described systems. In particular, the presently described devices and systems employ channels having, at least in part, depths that are varied over those which have been previously described. These varied channel depths provide numerous beneficial and unexpected results.

Abstract: A mold insert for an injection molding machine has a circumferential liquid conduit groove and a plurality of liquid-receiving bores extending inwardly from the groove. Baffles are removably inserted into the liquid-receiving bores and have heads located in locking engagement with the sidewalls, including the undercut portions thereof, to retain the baffles in their respective liquid-receiving bores. Each baffle has a blade that fits snugly within a liquid-receiving bore to separate the liquid-receiving bore into a liquid inlet passageway and a liquid outlet passageway. Fins project outwardly from opposite faces of the blade to create turbulence in liquid flowing into and out of the liquid-receiving bore, which enhances cooling (or heating) of the mold insert. The baffle is also useful with other solid components having a liquid conduit for cooling purposes and a transverse liquid-receiving bore intersecting the liquid conduit.

Abstract: A fluid pressure reduction device includes a plurality of flow resistance modules. Each flow resistance module includes two flow segment plates. Fluid enters a flow path in the first flow segment plate, executes two right-angle turns and then enters a flow path in the second flow segment plate. The fluid then executes two more right-angle turns and reenters the first flow segment plate wherein it executes yet two more right-angle turns before returning to the second flow segment plate. A plurality of these double right-angle turns is executed by the flowing fluid before it exits the flow resistance module. Retaining fluid within the openings in the first and second flow segment plates are either a pair of baffle plates placed on either side of the flow segment plates, or the solid portions of adjacent flow segment plates.

Abstract: The mixer tube for low viscosity fluids contains plate-shaped elements which at one or at several points of the tube partially cover or block off its cross-section. The constrictions left free through the elements each comprise at least one gap-shaped region, with a longitudinal extent of this gap extending from tube wall to tube wall through the tube axis or from the tube wall through the tube axis to a second partial region. The gap subtends an angle with the tube axis in the range between about 20.degree. and 60.degree., preferably between 35.degree. and 45.degree.. A mixing path is provided after the constriction in the direction of flow. The fluid to be mixed can contain solid substances in suspension.

Abstract: A noise suppression assembly including a retainer having (1) a retainer body defining a central cavity therein, (2) a base flange extending outwardly from the retainer body, and (3) a fluid channel defined therein. The noise suppression assembly further includes a flow control member having a central passage through which the flow of water advances, the central passage of the flow control member being offset from the fluid channel of the retainer. Moreover, the noise suppression assembly also includes a suppresser having (1) a suppresser body, (2) a bullet secured to the suppresser body, and (3) a hole defined therein through which the flow of water advances, the hole of the suppresser being offset from the central passage of the flow control member, and further the bullet being aligned with the central passage of the flow control member. The base flange of the retainer has a peripheral edge with the fluid channel being spaced apart therefrom.

Abstract: A static mixer conduit comprises a longitudinally elongated conduit having tabs that are arranged with respective first edges adjacent the conduit wall, and respective opposed second edges that are spaced radially inwardly from the conduit wall. These tabs are operable as fluid foils so that with fluid flowing through the conduit, greater fluid pressures manifest against the tab's upstream faces relative to reduced fluid pressures against their downstream faces. The resultant pressure difference in the fluid adjacent, respectively, the mutually opposed faces of each of the tabs causes a longitudinal flow of fluid through the conduit over and past each said tab, to be redirected. As a result of that redirection, there is introduced a radial cross-flow component to the longitudinal flow of fluid through the conduit.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, liquid material enters circumferencially into a generally cylindrical outer walled cylinder. A baffle may be provided to facilitate circumferencial flow. The tangential, circumferencial flow tends to reduce turbulence. In the outer chamber a top wall is provided and a cushion of air is located between the top wall and the top of the liquid medium to effect cushioning. After circumferencial flow, the liquid flows radially inwardly into an inner fluid chamber through a plurality of openings in an inner cylindrical wall. Within the inner chamber and spaced between the bottom wall and the top wall is a diffuser section. The diffuser section provides a large plurality of parallel fluid flow paths to dampen remaining major currents by lowering the fluid velocity and thus the Reynolds number. The upper surface is arcuate. Thus fluid flows radially upwardly and inwardly to a knife-edged type orifice which results in laminar fluid flow exiting therefrom.

Abstract: There is provided a new static mixer with a low pressure loss and a high agitating/mixing efficiency. The mixer comprises in the midst of a fluid passage a mixing body having a larger diameter than the fluid passage. The mixing body has a mixing body cylinder portion, an inlet hollow portion having an inlet port fitted to the cylinder portion, and a outlet hollow portion having an outlet port. An impingement cylinder having an diameter larger than a diameter of the outlet port is disposed within the mixing body such that its opening is positioned in a confronting relation with the inlet port. A plurality of recesses are provided at at least one of an inner side portion of bottom of the impingement cylinder, an inner surface portion of the hollow inlet port, an inner surface portion of the hollow outlet port, an inner circumferential portion of a cylindrical portion of the impingement cylinder, and an inner circumferential surface portion of the cylindrical portion of the mixing body.

Abstract: A rotary noise attenuating valve is provided which utilizes noise attenuation technology previously utilized with linear valves. The arrangement includes an impedance assembly in which the area with the impedance assembly which is accessed by the flow downstream of a rotary closure element flow is varied upon opening of the rotary closure element, with an interface assembly disposed between the rotary closure element and the impedance assembly. As a result, benefits previously realized only in linear valves are attainable utilizing a rotary valve, while the benefits attendant to rotary valves (such as greater capacity, variable .DELTA.p and/or minimum .DELTA.p under max flow) are also attainable.

Abstract: A flow diffuser is shown for use with a flow control valve which produces laminar flow patterns in the fluid upon exiting the control valve. The flow diffuser is formed from a cylindrical body and is situated inside a flow control valve. Fluid enters the flow diffuser after passing the poppet. The inlet opening for the flow diffuser is on the axis of the body. The flow is then radially diverted through a plurality of outlet passages. The outlet passages converge to return the flow to a single stream. The walls of the outlet passage are defined by vanes within the body of the flow diffuser. Upon exiting the flow diffuser the fluid enters a transition zone until reaching the outlet port of the flow control valve. The flow diffuser eliminates turbulence, thereby reducing energy loss in the flow, wear on the valve, and noise.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a WC-cistern filling valve comprising a liquid inlet assigned to a supply line, a liquid outlet assigned to the cistern, and a closing element which is assigned to a valve passage opening arranged between liquid inlet and oulet and which is switchable by a float in accordance with the liquid level in the cistern for opening and closing the valve passage opening. It is the object of the present invention to provide a low-noise WC-cistern filling valve. This object is achieved in that at least a portion of the liquid outlet is shaped as a thread in the flow direction downstream of the closing element in such a manner that liquid is discharged with a swirl from the liquid outlet to the cistern in the opened state of the closing element.

Abstract: A noise suppressor device for absorbing pulsating fluids is disclosed. A noise suppressor device has a housing which defines an axially extending bore. A resilient bladder is coaxially positioned in the bore. A spool assembly is coaxially positioned within the bladder. The spool assembly has an inner spool layer and an outer spool layer which coaxially surrounds the inner spool layer. The inner spool layer and outer spool layers each define a plurality of perforations extending therethrough. The perforations in the outer spool layer are offset from the perforations in the inner spool layer such that a direct line of sight through the first perforations and second perforations is prevented.

Abstract: A soft closing liquid valve of the pilot control type including an inlet chamber, an outlet chamber, a third pilot chamber, a first conduit for liquid communication between the inlet chamber and the third chamber and a second conduit for fluid communication between the third chamber and the outlet chamber whereby the liquid flow rate through the first conduit is reduced by the conduit including a tortuous path means so that the flow rate into the third chamber is substantially reduced and when the second conduit is closed causes the third chamber to fill at a slower rate than in conventional pilot controlled valves, the resultant slow rate of change of pressure causing a slow closure of the flow path between the inlet and outlet chambers by a diaphragm thus minimizing water hammer.

Abstract: An adjustable height fill valve assembly for controlling water level in a storage tanks, comprises a lower riser assembly comprising concentrically disposed inlet riser and an outer riser housing, each having an upper end and a lower end, the inlet riser and the riser housing connected together at the lower ends, the inlet riser being adapted for mounting in a hole in a flush tank, an upper riser assembly comprising concentrically disposed inner supply tube and an outer tubular valve housing, each having an upper end and a lower end, a main valve seat at the upper end of the inner supply tube, the upper riser assembly telescopically mounted on the lower riser assembly, a latch between the riser housing and the tubular valve housing for latching the upper and the lower riser assemblies in selected extended and retracted positions, the latch disengageable upon rotation of the upper riser assembly in either direction from a central position, a valve housing cap having a bayonet lock connection for quick connect

Abstract: A high-performance rectifying device promotes the diffusion of energy, temperature and concentration in a fluid stream with a small pressure loss. The device is a lattice type rectifying device provided within a fluid flow passageway for equalizing the flow velocity distribution of the same fluid. Lattice elements each consist of two triangular plates disposed so as to form two opposed surfaces of a pyramid having its apex on the downstream side of the fluid flow and two other triangular plates forming two opposed surfaces of another pyramid having its apex jointed with the first-mentioned apex and having its bottom surface positioned on the downstream side of the fluid flow. The latter two opposed surfaces have their orientations deviated by 90 degrees from the two opposed surfaces on the upstream side.

Abstract: A device is provided for controlling fluid flow in oil well casings or drill pipes. The device defines a flowpath for fluid through a casing section or drill pipe with the flowpath including a throttling valve which restricts or prevents the flow of fluid therethrough. This can be used to prevent U-tubing in casings or can be used to locate leaks in drill pipes or can be used to monitor the position of successive fluids of differing viscosities in a casing string.

Abstract: A laminar flow device includes a plurality of disks and a plurality of spacers alternately stacked together. The plurality of disks are defined by first disks and second disks, each of the first disks having a hole formed through a central portion thereof, and each of the second disks having a plurality of holes formed through an outer peripheral portion thereof. The first disks and the second disks are alternately arranged with the spacer interposed between any two adjacent ones of the disks.

Abstract: The present invention provides a condensate drain device suitable for use in high pressure systems where liquid condensate is removed. The device, through use of a wicking disk, allows removal of the condensate from the system without significant reduction in pressure or interruption of the system. There are no moving parts in the device thereby allowing continuous operation of the condensate drain without interruption.

Abstract: An improved mechanical system selectively locks the tester valve of an annulus pressure responsive tester valve in position for an indeterminate number of well annulus pressure cycles. The tester valve also features a multi-range metering cartridge which is operable to meter fluid over a wide range of differential pressures. The metering cartridge provides an adjustable resistance flow path which permits fluid flow across the cartridge. The resistance of the flow path is adjustable by selectively diverting the fluid through a series of fluid flow resistors. Resistance may be increased either by adding a number of flow resistors serially or by adding a single flow resistor which itself provides a greater fluid flow resistance.

Abstract: A discharge stream conditioner and method for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of devices which discharge pressurized liquids is disclosed. An elongated rod having a plurality of outwardly radiating, spiraling, fingers or spokes is placed within the discharge conduit or flow path of a pressurized liquid to be discharged. The purpose of the discharge stream conditioner and method is to effectuate a partial separation of the propellant gas which has dissolved into the liquid agent to be discharged thereby providing for a more even flow and more efficient discharge of the liquid agent from its pressurized container.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device which simplifies the isolation and purging procedures in a pipeline when the vessel requires entry for hot work. The invention provides a single component purging blind with a body and purging channels which provide for simple and effective installation and removal from a pipeline with improved safety to personnel.

Abstract: A stationary type mixing apparatus capable of mixing fluids having high viscosity and improving mixing efficiency of plural kinds of fluids.

Abstract: A static mixing device includes a disposable mixing conduit, a rigid, reusable housing for supporting the mixing conduit, and a reusable coupling for attaching an inlet of the mixing conduit to an outlet of a source of flowable components to be mixed. The mixing conduit provides a circuitous flowpath for the components between the inlet and outlet. At least two facing sheets of material (or the opposite walls of a tube), at least one of the sheets being flexible, are sealed together at interior obstructions, forming mixing stages that subdivide and recombine the stream of material. The rigid housing can be bayonet shaped or cylindrical, and forms an applicator with the flexible mixing device. The coupling can capture the inlet end of the mixing conduit.

Abstract: A device for producing a liquid emulsion of a hydrophobic and hydrophilic liquid is described. The emulsion consists of at least one hydrophobic liquid phase and at least one hydrophilic liquid phase, one of said phases being a disperse phase of the emulsion, which has a stable colloidal state with a particle size of the disperse phase of 1,000 nm or less, preferably a particle size in the range of 100 to 500 nm.

Abstract: A solenoid controlled, pilot actuated inlet water valve apparatus has an inlet connected to a residential water source pipe and an outlet connected to an appliance such as a dishwasher or clothes washing machine. The inlet water valve contains a flow control, a noise suppressor, a pilot valve controlled by an electrically operated armature, and a main valve composed of a diaphragm, diaphragm insert, valving surface and bleed passage. The noise suppressor is located downstream of the flow control and reduces water velocity by first radially dispersing incoming water to the periphery of the noise suppressor in a dispersion chamber. Next, water passes through passage holes located around the periphery of the noise suppressor into a recombining chamber with it is directed toward a central exit port. When water moves in the recombining chamber toward the central exit port, the water converges from different directions further reducing water velocity and noise caused by cavitation.

Abstract: A hydraulic unit for wheel slip control, which is located between a master cylinder and wheel brake cylinders. Reflection damping devices are installed in main brake lines located between the hydraulic unit and the master cylinder which damp pressure waves that originate at control valves of the hydraulic unit. When the control valves are triggered in the wheel slip control mode the pressure waves are largely kept away from the master cylinder. By the means of length adaptation of the main brake lines, the brake lines can also contribute to the damping.

Abstract: A gauge block assembly for use in conjunction with the refilling of high pressure gaseous oxygen cylinders. The gauge block is used in an oxygen transfill header or manifold and includes a gas transfer control unit that allows rapid evacuation of the spent oxygen cylinder but that prevents rapid refilling of the oxygen cylinder with fresh oxygen. The gas transfer control unit includes a valve assembly having a restricted orifice therethrough. During the evacuation process, the check valve opens, bypassing the restricted orifice, to allow rapid evacuation of the oxygen cylinder at a first rate of flow. During the refilling process, the check valve closes. The incoming oxygen must flow through the restricted orifice at a second rate of flow less than the first rate of flow thereby regulating the flow of oxygen.