Abstract: An apparatus and method for selectively orientating a ferrimagnetic body along a selected temperature invariant crystallographic axis includes a first pair of coils disposed for producing a magnetic field along a first direction, and a second pair of coils disposed within the first pair of coils for producing a magnetic field along a second direction, the direction of such second field being displaced at a predetermined angle .theta., with respect to the direction of said first field. A platform upon which the ferrimagnetic body is supported is disposed at an intersection of such fields and has a surface disposed at a predetermined direction with respect to a horizontal plane. A series of alternate pulsed magnetic fields is generated in turn by each pair of coils and the body rotates in response to each one of such fields. After pulsed fields have been generated, the so-called "easy axis" of the crystallographic structure of the body is aligned with the axis of the coils.

Abstract: An electrographic, two-component dry developer composition comprising charged toner particles and oppositely charged, magnetic carrier particles, which (a) comprise a magnetic material exhibiting "hard" magnetic properties, as characterized by a coercivity of at least 300 gauss and (b) exhibit an induced magnetic moment of at least 20 EMU/gm when in an applied field of 1000 gauss, is disclosed.The developer is employed in combination with a magnetic applicator comprising a rotatable magnetic core and an outer, nonmagnetizable shell to develop electrostatic images.

Abstract: A method of field annealing a thin-film electromagnetic read/write head formed of magnetic-field-responsive material having a known Curie temperature. Such a head also includes an electric coil for operatively exciting the head. The method includes the steps of heating the head to a temperature less than the Curie temperature, and then cooling the head while applying electric current to the coil sufficient to induce magnetic flux in the head. The foregoing steps, properly applied, align the magnetic-field-responsive structure, such as magnetic domains in a soft magnetic material, in the direction of operative flux flow in the head.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rejuvenating magnetic toner used in certain electrostatic copying machines. The used toner is placed in a container which is inserted in an air coil which is energized to produce a magnetic field which remagnetizes the toner. The coil is provided by mounting a hollow non-magnetic tube in a case and winding this tube with wire. A timing circuit energized by a momentary switch determines the length of time a magnetic field is applied to the toner being recycled.

Abstract: A method of preparing alloy of a transition metal and lanthanide comprising the steps of alloying a transition metal, boron, at least one lower-weight lanthanide having none or few stable compounds with iron, optionally one or more higher-weight lanthanides, a glass former, and optionally the pseudo lanthanide, yttrium; forming an amorphous or nearly amorphous metastable microstructure in the alloy; and heating the amorphous alloy to form a polycrystalline, multiphase, fine-grain single-domain structure.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for forming radial orientation rare earth-transition metal magnets in continuous arc rings by hot isostatic pressing. A method includes the steps of compacting rare earth-transition metal powders having a particle size up to 40 microns into radially oriented rings in a mold provided with a radially aligning field, stacking a plurality of compacted radially oriented rings within an annular cavity within a sealed, evacuated cannister to form a cylinder of a predetermined height, subjecting the cannister to temperatures in the range of 900.degree. to 1150.degree. C. under a gas pressure of 15 kpsi to densify the compacts, and cooling the cannister and the compacts to room temperature.

Abstract: Amorphous magnetic metal alloys are processed by annealing at temperatures sufficient to achieve stress relief and cooling in directed magnetic fields or in zero magnetic fields. The ac and dc properties of magnetic cores produced in accordance with the processes of the invention may be tailored to match those of a wide range of magnetic alloys. Alloys processed in accordance with the invention provide improved performance in inductors, transformers, magnetometers, and electrodeless lamps.

Abstract: Annealing method for an amorphous magnetic alloy including the steps of preparing an amorphous magnetic alloy film, and annealing the amorphous magnetic alloy film at an elevated temperature lower than Curie temperature and crystallization temperature of the amorphous magnetic alloy film under an application of a repetition of alternately applied a first magnetic field and a second magnetic field, in which the first magnetic field is applied along one direction in a major surface of the amorphous magnetic alloy film for a predetermined period, and the second magnetic field is applied along a second direction perpendicular to the one direction in the major surface of the amorphous magnetic alloy film for the predetermined period.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an amorphous magnetic alloy having high permeability comprises the steps of:preparing an amorphous magnetic alloy ribbon having major surfaces;annealing said magnetic alloy ribbon at a temperature lower than the crystallization temperature of said alloy under the application of a first magnetic field in a first direction along said major surface for a period sufficient to induce a magnetic anisotropy in said first direction; andannealing said magnetic alloy ribbon at a temperature lower than the crystallization temperature of said alloy under the application of a second magnetic field in a second direction perpendicular to said first direction along said major surface until the induced magnetic anisotropies in said first and second directions become equal to each other.

Abstract: A method of treating a preshaped magnetic material wherein a mechanical vibration and/or a high-energy beam are applied to the material held in a magnetic field.

Abstract: Amorphous alloys have attractive properties which make possible their use as cores for transformers, these properties being a low watt loss, which is due to an inherently low magnetic anisotropy, and a high resistivity. However, one of the most serious disadvantages of amorphous alloys is the low thermal stability of the magnetic properties and the fact that their magnetic properties, such as saturation flux density (Bs), decrease at the temperature of the energized or excited core.In order to eliminate the disadvantages of the known amorphous alloys, the present invention proposes an amorphous alloy having a composition of Fe.sub.74-80 Si.sub.8-19 B.sub.6-13 C.sub.0-3.5. This alloy is specifically adapted so that it can be used as a transformer core which can be energized or excited at a high flux density.

Abstract: A magnetic core with reduced losses is provided along with a related improvement in the process for fabricating magnetic cores for electromagnetic devices from strips of amorphous magnetic alloys. Magnetic powder, or magnetic powder mixed with a suitable carrier, is applied to the core for filling gaps occurring between the layers of the amorphous strips.

Abstract: Magnetic powders for use in the manufacture of magnetic recording media are produced by a borohydride process in which aqueous solutions of ferrous sulfate and sodium borohydride are mixed in a magnetic field. The coercive force of the magnetic powder produced as a result of this method is controlled by controlling the temperature of the reactant solutions prior to mixing thereof.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high permeability amorphous magnetic alloy is disclosed. In the method amorphous magnetic alloy ribbon prepared by quenching a melt of raw material is annealed at an elevated temperature lower than a crystallization temperature of the alloy, in a magnetic field. During the annealing, the alloy ribbon and the direction of the magnetic field are relatively rotated with each other. The method is especially useful to an amorphous magnetic alloy having high saturation magnetic induction where the magnetic Curie temperature of the alloy usually exceeds the crystallization temperature of the alloy.

Abstract: A method of making a hard or semihard magnetic alloy which involves initially forming a body of a spinodally decomposable alloy composition of iron-chromium-cobalt base by casting an admixture of 3 to 30% by weight cobalt, 10 to 40% by weight chromium, 0.1 to 15% by weight vanadium and the balance iron. The body is then solution treated at an elevated temperature and for a period sufficient to produce a homogeneous single .alpha.-phase structure in the body and the solution-treated body is tempered at a reduced temperature and for a time period sufficient to spinodally decompose therein the single .alpha.-phase structure into a composition-modulated, phase-separated structure consisting of an .alpha..sub.1 phase which is magnetic and an .alpha..sub.2 phase which is nonmagnetic, said phase-separated structure forming the magnetic alloy.

Abstract: A magnetic core is disclosed herein along with associated electrical coils which together with the core form part of an overall electrical inductive apparatus such as a transformer. The core itself is one which is initially formed from a continuous strip of amorphous metal wound about itself to form a closed loop of adjacent laminations. Thereafter but before the core is annealed causing it to lose its ductility and flexibility, one section thereof is provided with a joint which is flexed open to receive the electrical coils. Once the coils have been suitably assembled around the core, the latter is annealed by means of induction heating. More specifically, one of the coils is energized at a relatively high frequency for inducing a current through the core sufficient to heat the latter to satisfactory annealing temperatures for a prescribed period of time.

Abstract: An apparatus for shielding a time dependent magnetic field comprises a magnetic metallic glass element in which a magnetic biasing field is generated having higher frequency components than the major components of the time dependent magnetic field.

Abstract: A magnetic powder is produced by mixing an aqueous solution of a metal salt with an aqueous solution of a reducing agent such as sodium boron hydride in a magnetic field to reduce said metal salt to continuously form a magnetic powder and heat-treating said magnetic powder in a non-oxidative atmosphere. The aqueous solution of a metal salt is mixed with said aqueous solution of a reducing agent in a magnetic field to continuously discharge a reaction mixture containing a magnetic powder having pH of 2.5 or lower from a reactor and said reaction mixture containing said magnetic powder is immediately continuously washed and filtered and said magnetic powder is heat-treated in said non-oxidative atmosphere.

Abstract: A technique for processing thin tapes of soft magnetic amorphous metal alloys to reduce their magnetic hysteresis losses. The technique involves preliminarily forming such a tape into a core, heating the core, and then controllably cooling the core, the heating and cooling being conducted in an oxidizing atmosphere. Maintaining the core during processing in a suitable longitudinal or transverse (relative to the tape) magnetic field can also produce improved properties. Certain tape cores so processed have particular magnetic hysteresis loss characteristics never heretofore known.

Abstract: Amorphous alloy films are heat-treated in the presence of a magnetic field directed in a particular direction so as to suppress induced magnetic anisotropy in the film. The directed magnetic field includes a vertical magnetic field whose direction is perpendicular to the plane of the film, and a rotating magnetic field whose direction is being rapidly changed within a parallel plane with respect to the plane of the amorphous alloy film.

Abstract: In view of rising cobalt costs, low-cobalt alloys such as, e.g., Fe-Cr-Co alloys are finding increasing use in the manufacture of permanent magnets. Desired magnetic energy product of such magnets is typically at least 1 million gauss-oersted.In the interest of maximizing magnetic energy product per unit weight cobalt, low-cobalt Fe-Cr-Co alloys are processed by solidifying a bulk object from a melt, annealing, quenching, and aging by cooling at rates in a range of 0.1 to 2 degrees C. per hour in a magnetic field. Cold working prior to aging may be used to further enhance magnetic energy product.Resulting magnets have optimized maximum magnetic energy product (BH).sub.max per unit weight cobalt comprised in an alloy.

Abstract: A method of producing an anisotropic magnet alloy containing iron, chromium and cobalt as the major constituents. The method has a step of aging treatment of the alloy in a magnetic field for permanentally magnetizing the alloy. The aging treatment in the magnetic field is conducted by at first treating the alloy at a temperature below the two-phase separation temperature of the alloy, under application of the magnetic field, thereby to form an anisotropic two-phase separated microstructure, and cooling the alloy continuously at a rate which is not so great, while maintaining the application of the magnetic field, thereby to make the two separated phases approach the equilibrium structures at lower temperature. By so doing, the undesirable disorder of anisotropy is avoided because the magnetic field is maintained to order the two-phase separated microstructure even if a new two-phase separated microstructure is formed during the cooling.

Abstract: An amorphous metal alloy which is at least 90 percent amorphous and consists essentially of a composition having the formula Fe.sub.a B.sub.b Si.sub.c C.sub.d wherein "a", "b", "c" and "d" are atomic percentages ranging from about 80.0 to 82.0, 12.5 to 14.5, 2.5 to 5.0 and 1.5 to 2.5, respectively, with the proviso that the sum of "a", "b", "c" and "d" equals 100, is annealed at a temperature ranging from 380.degree.-410.degree. C. The resulting alloy has decreased high frequency core losses and increased low field permeability; is particularly suited for high frequency applications.

Abstract: An alloy comprised of 45 to 53 wt. % Ni with the remainder iron, and including small amounts of deoxidizing and processing additives is worked into a 0.01 to 0.1 mm thick tape, wound to form a tape core and is then subjected to a final annealing for at least one hour at a temperature of at least 900.degree. C. and thereafter is subjected to a tempering in a magnetic cross-field (i.e., the magnetic lines of force are applied in the plane of the tape perpendicular to the rolling direction thereof). The process provides high impulse permeabilities at induction rises of 1T or larger within the so-processed tape cores. Particularly high impulse permeabilities are achieved in instances where an anisotropic structure with a privileged grain direction <001> in the rolling direction is generated in the tape material via heating and final deformation before winding into a tape core and via a final annealing after winding of the tape core.

Abstract: Method of induction heating (annealing) the aluminum rotor cage of a squirrel cage rotor assembly so as to enhance the conductivity of the rotor cage with a consequent enhancement of the operating characteristics and efficiency of motors incorporating the annealed rotor. The rotor assembly is placed within a gap in the core of an induction heater transformer and is subjected to an alternating magnetic field which passes in generally radial direction through the body of the rotor assembly so as to induce a current in the rotor cage which resistance heats the rotor cage substantially independently of the steel laminations comprising the core of the rotor body. The rotor assembly being heat treated is rotated about its longitudinal axis so as to provide substantially uniform heating of the rotor cage.

Abstract: The invention herein disclosed is directed to novel magnetic cores, particularly magnetic tape-wound cores, and to a new, novel and less expensive method of manufacture. The alloys employed in the manufacture of these cores employ smaller quantities of expensive metals such as nickel and, accordingly, result in substantial savings. The cores are exceptionally useful because of their high available flux-density change and high pulse permeability. Generally, the alloys employed contain nickel contents of from about 49 to 56 percent by weight of the alloy, and the remainder is substantially iron and small quantities of additives. The magnetic core is heat treated in a hydrogen atmosphere for several hours, cooled to room temperature, then reheated above the Curie Point and then cooled in a transverse magnetic field. Alternatively, it is possible to cool to just above the Curie Point, and omit the room temperature cooling and subsequent reheating.

Abstract: A spinodal decomposition-type alloy is thermomagnetically treated for a specific time period at a temperature determined by calculating the spinodal curves of the alloy.

Abstract: A magnetic glassy metal alloy sheet is annealed at elevated temperature in a first magnetic field oriented in a direction substantially normal to the plane of the sheet. A second anneal may be performed in a weaker magnetic field in a direction substantially normal to the first field to minimize AC hysteresis losses. The annealed magnetic glassy metal alloy sheet has improved soft magnetic properties such as low hysteresis losses and may be used for transformer cores and the like.

Abstract: Hollow magnetic pipe having a magnetic field extending across the hollow of the pipe is prepared by a multistep process which includes (a) forming first and second pipe halves from ductile and magnetizable sheet metal, (b) placing the pipe halves in pipelike alignment and joining each pair of adjacently disposed, opened edges thereof with a nonmagnetic seam to form a hollow pipe, (c) conditioning the hollow pipe to receive and maintain a permanent magnetic state, and (d) subjecting the conditioned hollow pipe to a magnetic field whereby the side walls abutting one nonmagnetic seam acquire a permanent north magnetic pole configuration and the side walls abutting the other nonmagnetic seam acquire a permanent south magnetic pole configuration. The hollow magnetic pipe is adapted for use as a conduit for conveying conductive fluid in magnetohydrodynamic energy amplification systems.

Abstract: Amorphous magnetic metal alloys are processed by annealing at temperatures sufficient to achieve stress relief and cooling in directed magnetic fields or in zero magnetic fields.The ac and dc properties of magnetic cores produced in accordance with the processes of the invention may be tailored to match those of a wide range of magnetic alloys.Alloys processed in accordance with the invention provide improved performance in inductors, transformers, magnetometers, and electrodeless lamps.

Abstract: Fine-grained Fe-Cr-Co magnetic alloys are disclosed which have desirable magnetic properties such as, in particular, a coercive force in the range of 300-600 Oersted, a remanence in the range of 8000-13000 Gauss, and a maximum energy product in the range of 1-6 MGOe. Disclosed alloys consist essentially of 25-29 weight percent Cr, 7-12 weight percent Co, and remainder iron; processing of disclosed alloys may typically include low-temperature solution annealing, cold shaping, and an aging heat treatment. Disclosed magnetic alloys may be used, e.g., in the manufacture of ringers, relays, and electro-acoustic transducers.

Abstract: An amorphous metal alloy which is at least 90% amorphous having enhanced magnetic properties and consisting essentially of a composition having the formula Fe.sub.a B.sub.b Si.sub.c C.sub.d wherein "a", "b", "c" and "d" are atomic percentages ranging from about 80.0 to 82.0, 12.5 to 14.5, 2.5 to 5.0 and 1.5 to 2.5, respectively, with the proviso that the sum of "a", "b", "c" and "d" equals 100.

Abstract: A magnetic alloy having a relatively low melting point, particularly for dental use.The low melting point magnet alloy contains one or more elements of Co and Ni, a Co content of which being in the range of 79 wt. % or less, a Ni content being in the range of 80 wt. % or less, the remainder being essentially a Pd content.

Abstract: A sputtered thin film of an amorphous material composed of a magnetic transition metal X and element Y plus possibly an element Z has low coercivity for domains in the plane, has a well defined and stable magnetic easy axis which is extremely stable without heating above the Curie point, with a high and flat value of permeability from low frequencies to greater than 10 megahertz. Metal X can include at least one of Fe, Ni, and Co. Element Y can include at least one of Si and B. Element Z can be included composed of Cr, for example.

Abstract: A device includes a core, such as a wire or cylinder of a solid material such as nonmagnetic metal, coated with a film of a material having a high degree of magnetostriction and a uniaxial helical magnetic anisotropy at an oblique angle to the longitudinal axis of the core. The device has the characteristic of being magnetically bistable and of providing a large magnetic pulse as it changes to one of its stable states in response to passage of a magnetic field by it. To achieve a helical magnetic anisotropy, the magnetostrictive film can be applied to a nonmagnetic wire by plating the wire while it is under torsion, twisting a plated wire after plating, or by applying an electric current and a magnetic field to the wire as the film is being plated or annealed.

Abstract: An improved magnetic core of an amorphous metal alloy is provided for electrodeless fluorescent lamps.

Abstract: A crystalline dual diamond sodium thallium type intermetallic compound is formed on a substrate surface from lithium and either aluminum, zinc or cadmium. The compound is grown within a magnetic field and, as a result, the compound is formed with a major crystallographic plane thereof aligned generally parallel to the field. Apparatus is disclosed for accomplishing formation of the compound. Silicon may later be grown on the surface of the compound.

Abstract: A process for producing a ferromagnetic powder comprising effecting the oxidation-reduction reaction in an aqueous solution of a metal salt containing at least Fe and capable of forming a ferromagnetic substance, by the use of at least one member selected from the group consisting of boron hydride compound and a derivative thereof, and in the presence of a Ti compound.

Abstract: A magnetic transfer record film employed for magneto-optically reading magnetic record patterns. The magnetic transfer record film is formed, as the principal component, of an alloy of a heavy rare earth metal and a transition metal and has an easy axis of magnetization in a direction perpendicular to the film surface and further has an alloy composition included in a range of .+-.10% at the periphery of a center alloy composition where the saturation magnetic moment becomes minimum with respect to a change of the composition within a temperature range used. The magnetic transfer record film is deposited on a transparent substrate and positioned closely to a magnetic record medium on which a magnetic record pattern to be observed is stored, so that the magnetic record pattern is transferred to the magnetic transfer record film. An optical system is provided to magneto-optically read out the transferred magnetic record pattern from the magnetic transfer record film.

Abstract: An article and a method of producing molded electrical magnetic components from amorphous metal segments is provided by compacting the segments.

Abstract: A cobalt-rare earth alloy sintered product is substantially magnetized by heating or cooling it to a temperature at which its intrinsic coercive force H.sub.ci is significantly lower than at room temperature, applying a relatively small magnetizing field to it at such temperature and cooling or warming it in the magnetizing field to room temperature.

Abstract: A magneto-optical memory medium having an easy axis of magnetization perpendicular to the medium surface. The memory medium is formed by an amorphous Dy-Fe system alloy film containing 18 to 28 atom % Dy.

Abstract: A permanent magnetic material, predominantly containing cerium misch-metal (CeMM) and cobalt, characterized by the composition:(CeMM.sub.1-x RE.sub.x).sub.1-y Sm.sub.y Co.sub.5.+-.0.2wherein0<x<0.5; 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.25,wherein cerium misch-metal approximately possesses the compositionCe.sub..alpha. La.sub..beta. Nd.sub..gamma. Pr.sub..delta., where0.45<.alpha.<0.550.20<.beta.<0.400.05<.gamma.<0.150.00<.delta.<0.05 and .alpha.+.beta.+.gamma.+.delta..perspectiveto.1.And wherein RE consists of the alloyNd.sub.A Pr.sub.B (Ce, La, Sm).sub.Cwherein A is 0.75, B is 0.22, C is less than 0.03 and A+B+C=1.

Abstract: A rare earth permanent magnet comprising an alloy consisting essentially of:RE.sub.2 (CO.sub.1-x-y Fe.sub.x TM.sub.y).sub.17+zWherein:Re is at least one rare earth element;Tm is at least one transition element selected from the group consisting of chromium, manganese, titanium, tungsten and molybdenum;-2 .ltoreq. z .ltoreq. 1;0.5 < (1-x-y) < 10.05 .ltoreq. x .ltoreq. 0.40.01 .ltoreq. y .ltoreq. 0.2Wherein said rare earth permanent magnet is further characterized by possessing high values of coercive field strength, an ideal demagnetization curve and a remanence of more than 9KG and wherein said rare earth permanent magnet is prepared by the process which comprises mixing together a starting alloy of the composition RE.sub.2 (Co.sub.1-x-y Fe.sub.x TM.sub.y).sub.17+z and 8 to 14 wt. % of a samarium-rich sinter additive compound composed of 50-60 wt.% samarium and 40-50 wt.% of an alloy Co.sub.1-x-y Fe.sub.x TM.sub.

Abstract: A magnetic transfer record film employed for magneto-optically reading magnetic record patterns. The magnetic transfer record film is formed, as the principal component, of an alloy of a heavy rare earth metal and a transition metal and has an easy axis of magnetization in a direction perpendicular to the film surface and further has an alloy composition included in a range of .+-. 10% at the periphery of a center alloy composition where the saturation magnetic moment becomes minimum with respect to a change of the composition within a temperature range used. The magnetic transfer record film is deposited on a transparent substrate and positioned closely to a magnetic record medium on which a magnetic record pattern to be observed is stored, so that the magnetic record pattern is transferred to the magnetic transfer record film. An optical system is provided to magneto-optically read out the transferred magnetic record pattern from the magnetic transfer record film.

Abstract: Amorphous magnetic metal alloys are processed by annealing at temperatures sufficient to achieve stress relief and cooling in directed magnetic fields or in zero magnetic fields.The ac and dc properties of magnetic cores produced in accordance with the processes of the invention may be tailored to match those of a wide range of magnetic alloys.Alloys processed in accordance with the invention provide improved performance in inductors, transformers, magnetometers, and electrodeless lamps.

Abstract: Ferromagnetic metal or alloy particles are prepared by reducing ferromagnetic metal ions in the solution with a reducing agent under a magnetic field to obtain a slurry of ferromagnetic metal or alloy particles and adding an oxidizing agent to an aqueous slurry containing the ferromagnetic metal or alloy particles to prevent deterioration of magnetic characteristics.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic metal powder having a narrow distribution of coercive force produced by reducing a salt of a metal capable of forming a ferromagnetic material as an aqueous solution thereof, where the reducing reaction is carried out while maintaining the temperature of the aqueous solution during and/or after the reduction reaction at about 20.degree. C higher than the temperature or less of the aqueous solution at the immediate beginning of the reduction reaction.

Abstract: A method of producing a magnetic material comprising reducing in a solution of a salt of a metal capable of forming a ferromagnetic material with a reducing agent comprising at least one of a borohydride and a derivative thereof, in a solution containing a hydroxide ion concentration of at least about 0.001N and not higher than about 0.6N.

Abstract: The thermo-magnetic-treated anisotropic permanent magnet alloy of the present invention consists essentially of, by weight, 17 to 45% chromium, 3 to 14.5% cobalt, 0.2 to 5% silicon and balance substantially iron, preferably 23 to 35% chromium, 7 to 14.5% of cobalt, 0.3 to 3% silicon and balance substantially iron and has a residual magnetic flux density of 7000 Gauss or more and a coersive force of 300 Oersted or more. In order to obtain the alloy, an alloy having the above identified composition is initially aged at a temperature of 570.degree. C to 670.degree. C for a period of 10 minutes to 5 hours in a magnetic field and secondarily aged at a temperature within 200.degree. C below the thermo-magnetic treatment temperature for a period of 30 minutes to 50 hours.