Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device for carrying out a manufacturing process in which all magnet cores to be produced are first continuously crystallized. Depending on whether the required hysteresis loops should be round, flat or rectangular, the magnet cores are either immediately finished, that is enclosed in housings, conditioned to a rectangular hysteresis loop in a direct-axis magnetic field or to a flat hysteresis loop in a magnetic cross-field and then finished.

Abstract: A heat treatment apparatus 10 comprises a supporting unit 20 for supporting a columnar workpiece 12 turnably, and an induction-heating coil 30 for induction-heating the workpiece 12 supported turnably by the supporting unit 20. Below the workpiece 12 supported by the supporting unit 20, a cooling tank 50 is provided which contains a liquid coolant. The workpiece 12 is made of steel such as carbon steel for mechanical structure, and spring steel. The workpiece 12 is made of a material which has a magnetic transformation point at 770° C. The material is ferromagnetic below this temperature, and becomes paramagnetic above this temperature.

Abstract: To make a raw alloy, consisting mostly of amorphous structure, highly productively and at a reduced cost for a nanocomposite magnet, a molten alloy represented by Fe100-x-y-zRxQyMz (where R is at least one element selected from Pr, Nd, Dy and Tb; Q is B and/or C; M is at least one element selected from Co, Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Ga, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, Pt, Au and Pb; and 1 at %?x<6 at %, 15 at %?y?30 at % and 0 at %?z?7 at %) is prepared. This molten alloy is rapidly cooled by a strip casting process in which the alloy is fed onto a chill roller, rotating at a peripheral velocity of 3 m/s to less than 20 m/s, at a feeding rate per unit contact width of 0.2 kg/min/cm to 5.2 kg/min/cm. In this manner, an alloy including at least 60 volume percent of amorphous phase can be obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing magnetically active shape memory metal alloy, said metal alloy containing nickel, manganese and gallium. In the method, the different components of the metal alloy are melted, and the melt is homogenized essentially at the melting temperature; the obtained metal alloy is cast, and the cast metal alloy is subjected to directional solidification at 10-100° C. below the liquidus temperature of said metal alloy.

Abstract: Disclosed are soft magnetic alloys that consist essentially of 10% by weight?Co?22% by weight, 0% by weight?V?4% by weight, 1.5% by weight?Cr?5% by weight, 1% by weight?Mn?2% by weight, 0% by weight?Mo?1% by weight, 0.5% by weight?Si?1.5% by weight, 0.1% by weight?Al?1.0% by weight, rest iron. Also disclosed are methods of making the alloys, and products containing them, such as actuator systems, electric motors, and the like.

Abstract: Technology scanning and irradiating grain-oriented electrical steel sheet moving in a rolling direction at a speed Vl with an elliptical spot formed by a laser beam in the width direction at Vc to improve the core loss of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, which adjusts the angle ?s formed by the scan direction of the elliptical beam and the long axis of the ellipse based on the equation ?s=tan?1(Vl/Vc) and which constructs the system for adjusting the ?s by an optical system for laser irradiation comprised of a cylindrical lens telescope, scan mirror, and f? lens arranged in that order, a system for changing the angle of the cylindrical lens telescope with respect to the scan direction of the scan mirror, and a system for changing the distance between lenses.

Abstract: A method for controlling magnetostriction in a free layer of a magnetoresistive sensor. A pinned layer structure is deposited and then a spacer layer, preferably Cu is deposited. Oxygen is introduced into the spacer layer. The oxygen can be introduced either during the deposition of the spacer layer or after the spacer layer has been deposited. A free layer structure is then deposited over the spacer layer. A capping layer such as Ta can be deposited over the free layer structure. The sensor is annealed to set the magnetization of the pinned layer. In the process of annealing the sensor the oxygen migrates out of the spacer. After annealing, no significant amount of oxygen is present in either the spacer layer or the free layer structure, and only trace amounts of oxygen are present in the Ta capping layer.

Abstract: The alloy material having fine grain size, which is suitable for the mass-production, the magnetic material of bulk having single phase and homogeneous composition and manufacturing method of them are offered. The alloy material comprises a plurality of phases different in composition, the grain size of each phase is 20 ?m or less, and the composition as a whole is equal to an NaZn13 type La(FexSi1-x)13 compound. When the alloy material is heat treated, various kinds of elements are sufficiently diffused in a short time, and magnetic material comprising an La(FexSi1-x)13 compound having an NaZn13 type crystal structure of a single phase and homogeneous composition can be efficiently obtained.

Abstract: A positive magnetostrictive material such as a ferromagnetic alloy is subjected to a magnetic field during annealing treatment while being heated for a predetermined period of time at an elevated temperature below its softening temperature followed by cooling resulting in a treated ferromagnetic material having high tensile strength and positive magnetostriction properties for enhancing use thereof under tensile loading conditions. Such treatment of the ferromagnetic alloy may be augmented by application thereto of a compressive stress.

Abstract: A method of making a material alloy for an R-T-Q based rare-earth magnet according to the present invention includes the steps of: preparing a melt of an R-T-Q based rare-earth alloy, where R is rare-earth elements, T is a transition metal element, Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, C, N, Al, Si and P, and the rare-earth elements R include at least one element RL selected from the group consisting of Nd, Pr, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu and at least one element RH selected from the group consisting of Dy, Tb and Ho; cooling the melt of the alloy to a temperature of 700° C. to 1,000° C. as first cooling process, thereby making a solidified alloy; maintaining the solidified alloy at a temperature within the range of 700° C. to 900° C. for 15 seconds to 600 seconds; and cooling the solidified alloy to a temperature of 400° C. or less as a second cooling process.

Abstract: Methods are provided for manufacturing a magnetizable core component for use in an electric motor. The method includes forming a green body from a powdered metal-ceramic composite. The method also includes heating the green body to form a core. The method further includes applying a magnetic field to the core to produce paths in a predetermined orientation, where the paths are configured to allow flux to flow therealong. The magnetizable core component is also provided.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic resonator for use in a marker in a magnetomechanical electronic article surveillance system is manufactured at reduced cost by being continuously annealed with a tensile stress applied along the ribbon axis and by providing an amorphous magnetic alloy containing iron, cobalt and nickel and in which the portion of cobalt is less than about 4 at %.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tempering process for sintered Nd—Fe—B permanent magnet material, which optimizes the microstructure of the Nd—Fe—B magnet and improves intrinsic coercive force and its consistency by increasing the cooling rate after tempering. After heating to a temper temperature, the magnetic material is cooled in a cooling liquid within a cooling chamber into which a pressurized cooling gas is introduced.

Abstract: Disclosed are soft magnetic alloys that consist essentially of 10% by weight?Co?22% by weight, 0% by weight?V?4% by weight, 1.5% by weight?Cr?5% by weight, 1% by weight?Mn?2% by weight, 0% by weight?Mo?1% by weight, 0.5% by weight?Si?1.5% by weight, 0.1% by weight?Al?1.0% by weight, rest iron. Also disclosed are methods of making the alloys, and products containing them, such as actuator systems, electric motors, and the like.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a magneto-resistance effect type head that includes an element portion of magneto-resistance effect type and reproduces a read signal of data from a recording medium by the element portion, is proposed. The method includes applying a predetermined DC current to the element portion; and performing heat treatment on a part of the element portion that has been thermally deformed due to application of the DC current.

Abstract: The step of preparing a rapidly solidified alloy by rapidly quenching a melt of an R-T-B-C based rare-earth alloy (where R is at least one of the rare-earth elements including Y, T is a transition metal including iron as its main ingredient, B is boron, and C is carbon) and the step of thermally treating and crystallizing the rapidly solidified alloy are included. The step of thermally treating results in producing a first compound phase with an R2Fe14B type crystal structure and a second compound phase having a diffraction peak at a site with an interplanar spacing d of 0.295 nm to 0.300 nm (i.e., where 2?=30 degrees). An intensity ratio of the diffraction peak of the second compound phase to that of R2Fe14B type crystals representing a (410) plane is at least 10%. The present invention provides an R-T-B-C based rare-earth alloy magnetic material, including carbon (C) as an indispensable element but exhibiting excellent magnetic properties, and makes it possible to recycle rare-earth magnets.

Abstract: Restoring magnetostriction characteristics without causing fusion of rod. By performing heat treatment on a giant magnetostrictive material within the temperature range of 750 to 860° C., working distortion is removed while bleeding of an R-rich phase on a rod surface is prevented.

Abstract: An electrode, an antiferromagnetic film, a ferromagnetic film, a nonmagnetic film, a ferromagnetic film, a tunnel insulating film, a ferromagnetic film, a first Ta film, a Ru film, and a second Ta film are formed in sequence on a substrate. The thickness of the second Ta film is about 0.5 nm. The second Ta film is naturally oxidized after being formed. Then, heat treatment to improve the characteristic of a TMR film is performed. The temperature of this heat treatment is approximately from 200° C. to 300° C. In a conventional manufacturing method, film peeling occurs in this heat treatment, and accompanying this, defects such as occurrence of holes and wrinkles further occur, but in the present method, such an occurrence of defects is prevented since the Ta film is formed at the uppermost surface. Subsequently, the Ta film and so on are patterned.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic resonator for use in a marker in a magnetomechanical electronic article surveillance system is manufactured at reduced cost by being continuously annealed with a tensile stress applied along the ribbon axis and by providing an amorphous magnetic alloy containing iron, cobalt and nickel and in which the portion of cobalt is less than about 4 at %.

Abstract: Methods are provided for forming a plurality of permanent magnets with two different north-south magnetic pole alignments for use in microelectromechanical (MEM) devices. These methods are based on initially magnetizing the permanent magnets all in the same direction, and then utilizing a combination of heating and a magnetic field to switch the polarity of a portion of the permanent magnets while not switching the remaining permanent magnets. The permanent magnets, in some instances, can all have the same rare-earth composition (e.g. NdFeB) or can be formed of two different rare-earth materials (e.g. NdFeB and SmCo). The methods can be used to form a plurality of permanent magnets side-by-side on or within a substrate with an alternating polarity, or to form a two-dimensional array of permanent magnets in which the polarity of every other row of the array is alternated.

Abstract: In the production of electrical steel strips, a special islab-reheating treatment before hot rolling is carried out so that the maximum temperature within the furnace is reached by the slab well before its extraction from the furnace. During the heating stage and performance at the highest temperatures of the thermal cycle, second phase particles are dissolved and segregated elements are distributed in the metallic matrix, while during cooling and temperature equalising steps of the slab in the furnace a controlled amount of small second phases particles are more homogeneously re-precipitated from the metallic matrix. Differently from all the conventional processes for the production of electrical steels, the slab reheating furnace become a site in which it is performed the precipitation of a controlled amount of second phases particles for the necessary grain growth control during the successive process steps.

Abstract: The present invention relates to highly quenchable Fe-based rare earth magnetic materials that are made by rapid solidification process and exhibit good magnetic properties and thermal stability. More specifically, the invention relates to isotropic Nd—Fe—B type magnetic materials made from a rapid solidification process with a lower optimal wheel speed and a broader optimal wheel speed window than those used in producing conventional magnetic materials. The materials exhibit remanence (Br) and intrinsic coercivity (Hci) values of between 7.0 to 8.5 kG and 6.5 to 9.9 kOe, respectively, at room temperature. The invention also relates to process of making the materials and to bonded magnets made from the magnetic materials, which are suitable for direct replacement of anisotropic sintered ferrites in many applications.

Abstract: The invention concerns an iron-cobalt alloy, characterised in that it comprises in weight percentages: 10 to 22% of Co; traces to 2.5% of Si; traces to 2% of Al; 0.1 to 1% of Mn; traces to 0.0100% of C; a total of O, N and S content ranging between traces and 0.0070%; a total of Si, Al, Cr, Mo, V, Mn content ranging between 1.1 and 3.5%; a total of Cr, Mo and V content ranging between traces and 3%; a total of Ta and Nb content ranging between traces and 1%; the rest being iron and impurities resulting from production; and in that: 1.23×(Al+Mo)%+0.84 (Si+Cr+V)%?0.15×(Co%?15)?2.1 and in that 14.5×. (Al+Cr)%+12×(V+Mo)%+25×Si%?21. The inventive alloy is useful for making electromagnetic actuator mobile cores.

Abstract: For determination as to whether there is a possibility that temperature control satisfying conditions according to an upper limit LH_i and a lower limit LL_i of the annealing control temperatures of annealing object steel sections i will be realized under restrictions on limit values U and D of the control temperature increase and decrease rates, computation is performed without using dynamic programming requiring an enormous amount of data on a continuous annealing line of a steelwork. Annealing object steel sections in an annealing object steel band 12 to be computed are assigned numbers 1, 2, . . . , n in order from the first time division in the direction of movement. T_i is a time required to pass the annealing object steel section i through a predetermined point at which the steel section undergoes temperature control. LH_1=LL_1=b is given. X_i=[IL_i?D*T_i, IH_i+U*T_i] is computed. When X_L_i1f, Y_i=X_iL_i. When X_i L_i=f, Y_i=X_i. Y—i is computed from i=1 to i=n in ascending order.

Abstract: There is provided a magnetoresistive head which can realize high sensitivity and low noise even when the reading track is being reduced. Longitudinal biasing is performed to a ferromagnetic free layer whose magnetization is rotated according to an external magnetic field by providing unidirectional magnetic anisotropy by exchange coupling to an antiferromagnetic layer. A hard magnetic film is arranged at the edge of a magnetoresistive film to reduce an effective reading track width.

Abstract: A PVD component forming method includes inducing a sufficient amount of stress in the component to increase magnetic pass through flux exhibited by the component compared to pass through flux exhibited prior to inducing the stress. The method may further include orienting a majority crystallographic structure of the component at (200) prior to inducing the stress, wherein the induced stress alone is not sufficient to substantially alter surface grain appearance. Orienting structure may include first cold working a component blank to at least about an 80% reduction in cross-sectional area. The cold worked component blank can be heat treated at least at about a minimum recrystallization temperature of the component blank. Inducing stress may include second cold work to a reduction in cross-sectional area between about 5% to about 15% of the heat treated component. At least one of the first and second cold working can be unidirectional.

Abstract: A bulk amorphous metal magnetic component has a plurality of laminations of ferromagnetic amorphous metal strips adhered together to form a generally three-dimensional part having the shape of a polyhedron. The component is formed by stamping, stacking and bonding. The bulk amorphous metal magnetic component may include an arcuate surface, and an implementation may include two arcuate surfaces that are disposed opposite each other. The magnetic component may be operable at frequencies ranging from between approximately 50 Hz and 20,000 Hz. When the component is excited at an excitation frequency “f” to a peak induction level Bmax, it may exhibit a core-loss less than “L” wherein L is given by the formula L=0.0074 f (Bmax)1.3+0.000282 f1.5 (Bmax)2.4, said core loss, said excitation frequency and said peak induction level being measured in watts per kilogram, hertz, and teslas, respectively.

Abstract: A laminate structure includes an antiferromagnetic layer, a pinned magnetic layer, and a seed layer contacting the antiferromagnetic layer on a side opposite to pinned magnetic layer. The seed layer is constituted mainly by face-centered cubic crystals with (111) planes preferentially oriented. The seed layer is preferably non-magnetic. Layers including the antiferromagnetic layer, a free magnetic layer, and layers therebetween, have (111) planes preferentially oriented.

Abstract: A process for the production of grain oriented electrical Fe-Si strips in which a Si-containing alloy is directly cast as a strip between 2.5–5.0 mm thick and cold rolled in one stage, or in more stages with intermediate annealing, to a final thickness of between 0.15–1.0 mm. The strip is then continuously annealed to carry out the primary recrystallization and then annealed to carry out the oriented secondary recrystallization. The process further includes that after solidification of the strip, and before its coiling, a phase transformation from Ferrite to Austenite is induced into the metal matrix for a volume fraction between 25–60%, obtained by controlling the alloy composition so that the Austenite fraction is allowed within the stability equilibrium between the two phases. The strip is then deformed by rolling in-line with the casting step to obtain a deformation higher than 20% in the temperature interval 1000–1300° C.

Abstract: A method of stress inducing transformation from the austenite phase to the martensite phase by conducting cold working on material of austenite stainless steel in the temperature range from the point Ms to the point Md. The above cold working is a biaxial tensing. An intermediately formed hollow body is made, which includes a ferromagnetic portion and a non-magnetic portion contracting inward. Then, the intermediately formed body is subjected to a stress removing process in which residual tensile stress is removed from an intermediately formed body. In the stress removing process, it is preferable that a punch is press-fitted into the intermediately formed body so as to expand a non-magnetic portion and then the intermediately formed body is drawn with ironing while the punch is inserted so that the residual tensile stress can be changed into the residual compressive stress in the non-magnetic portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for hardening a metal article, comprising a holding device, an energy beam generator pointed at the holding device for directing energy beams at the holding device, and a cycling system supporting the holding device, wherein the cycling system varies the location of the holding device relative to the energy beam generator. The apparatus includes an energy beam delivery instrument system positioned between the energy beam generator and the holding device so that the energy an energy beam delivery instrument directs the energy beam to the holding device. Also, the apparatus includes an auxiliary heating device engaging the holding device, wherein the auxiliary heating device heats the metal article independently from the energy beam.

Abstract: The invention relates to a semi-hard magnetic material having rectangular hysteresis loop and superior magnetization steepness and a method of producing a bias material preferably used for a magnetic marker. This method comprises the steps of preparing a multilayer clad material in which layers “A” each containing Fe as the main component thereof and layers “B” containing as the main component thereof a Cu group metal are diffusion-bonded, heating the multilayer clad material, subjecting the material to a dividing treatment, and applying cold working thereto. By this method, it becomes possible to obtain the semi-hard magnetic material having high squareness ratio and superior magnetization steepness, and to obtain the bias material for the magnetic marker.

Abstract: A fabrication method of a magnetic tunnel junction includes the steps of: forming a magnetic tunnel junction constructed having a first magnetic layer, a tunnel barrier formed at an upper surface of the first magnetic layer and a second magnetic layer formed at an upper surface of the tunnel barrier; and thermally treating the junction rapidly for 5 seconds˜10 minutes at a temperature of 200˜600° C. to re-distribute oxygens in the tunnel barrier and make the interface between the tunnel barrier and the magnetic layer to be even. The tunneling magnetoresistance and thermal stability of the magnetic tunnel junction can be improved through the rapid thermal annealing.

Abstract: A PVD component forming method includes inducing a sufficient amount of stress in the component to increase magnetic pass through flux exhibited by the component compared to pass through flux exhibited prior to inducing the stress. The method may further include orienting a majority crystallographic structure of the component at (200) prior to inducing the stress, wherein the induced stress alone is not sufficient to substantially alter surface grain appearance. Orienting structure may include first cold working a component blank to at least about an 80% reduction in cross-sectional area. The cold worked component blank can be heat treated at least at about a minimum recrystallization temperature of the component blank. Inducing stress may include second cold work to a reduction in cross-sectional area between about 5% to about 15% of the heat treated component. At least one of the first and second cold working can be unidirectional.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a magnetic particle including forming a layer containing an alloy particle that can form CuAu type or Cu3Au type hard magnetic order alloy phase on a support, oxidizing the layer, and annealing the layer in non-oxidizing atmosphere. The invention also relates to a method of producing a magnetic particle including producing an alloy particle that can form hard magnetic order alloy phase, oxidizing the alloy particle, and annealing the particle in non-oxidizing atmosphere, and a magnetic particle produced by the foregoing production method. Further, the invention relates to a magnetic recording medium comprising a magnetic layer containing a magnetic particle and a method of producing a magnetic recording medium including forming a layer containing an alloy that can form the foregoing hard magnetic order alloy phase, oxidizing the layer, and annealing the layer in non-oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: A thin metallic ferromagnetic alloy ribbon is annealed by continuously transporting it through an oven in order to induce specific magnetic characteristics and in order to remove a production-inherent longitudinal curvature of the ribbon. While the heat-treatment occurs, the ribbon is guided by a channel in a substantially straight annealing fixture. The channel is characterized by slight curvatures along portions of its length, in particular where the ribbon enters into the annealing oven. The curved channel provides an improved thermal contact between the ribbon and the heat reservoir. As a consequence the process can be conducted at particularly high annealing speeds without degrading the desired characteristics.

Abstract: A semi-hard magnetic alloy for activation strips in magnetic anti-theft security systems is disclosed that contains 8 to 25 weight % Ni, 1.0 to 4.5 weight % Al, 0.5 to 3 weight % Ti and the balance iron.

Abstract: The present invention provides a supermagnetostrictive alloy capable of providing a larger shift (lager magnetostriction) with excellent workability, which is applicable to an actuator in response to advances in downsizing of electronic devices and upgrading of medical instruments and production apparatuses. The supermagnetostrictive alloy has a degree of order of 0.6 to 0.95 achieved by subjecting Fe3−xPt1+x(−0.02≦×≦0.2) to a heat treatment. The present invention also provides a method for the preparation of a supermagnetostrictive alloy having a magnetostriction of 0.3% or more, particularly 0.5% or more, comprising the steps of subjecting the Fe3−xPt1+x alloy of a raw material to a homogenization annealing, and then subjecting the resulting product to a heat treatment at 700 to 1000 K for 0.5 to 600 hours.

Abstract: Thin, flexible composite materials, which are magnetic or magnetizable and processes for producing and using the materials. The composite material contains a laminate formed from a mixture of magnetic or magnetizable particles, binder particles (and optionally active particles), applied to and fused and/or coalesced with a first substrate. The composite preferably contains an additional second substrate fused to and/or coalesced with, the laminate on the side of the laminate opposite that of the first substrate.

Abstract: In bottom spin valves of the lead overlay type the longitudinal bias field that stabilizes the device tends to fall off well before the gap is reached. This problem has been overcome by providing a manufacturing process that includes inserting an additional antiferromagnetic layer between the hard bias plugs and the overlaid leads. This additional antiferromagnetic layer and the lead layer are etched in the same operation to define the read gap, eliminating the possibility of misalignment between them. The extra antiferromagnetic layer is also longitudinally biased so there is no falloff in bias strength before the edge of the gap is reached. A process for manufacturing the device is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing non grain-oriented magnetic steel sheets in which hot strip is produced from an input stock such as cast slabs, strip, roughed strip, or thin slabs, made of steel comprising (in weight %) C: 0.001-0.05%; Si: ≦1.5%; Al: ≦0.4% with Si+2Al≦1.7%; Mn: 0.1-1.2%; if necessary up to a total of 1.5% of alloying additions such as P, Sn, Sb, Zr, V, Ti, N, Ni, Co, Nb and/or B; with the remainder being iron as well as the usual accompanying elements; in that the input stock is hot-rolled directly from the casting heat or after preceding reheating to a reheating temperature between min. 1000° C. and max. 1180° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing non-grain-oriented hot-rolled magnetic steel sheet in which from a raw material such as cast slabs, strip, roughed strip or thin slabs produced from a steel comprising (in weight %) C: 0.0001-0.05%; Si: ≦1.5%; Al: ≦0.5%, wherein [% Si]+2[% Al]≦1.8; Mn: 0.1-1.2%; if necessary up to a total of 1.5% of alloying additions such as P, Sn, Sb, Zr, V, Ti, N, Ni, Co, Nb and/or B, with the remainder being iron and the usual impurities, in a finishing roll line at temperatures above the Ar1 temperature, a hot strip with a thickness ≦1.5 mm is rolled, wherein at least the last forming pass of hot rolling is carried out in the mixed region austenite/ferrite and wherein the total deformation &egr;H achieved during rolling in the mixed region austenite/ferrite is <35%.

Abstract: The invention is a grain-oriented magnetic steel sheet having extremely low iron loss, suitable for use as an iron core material for transformers and power generators, and a method for producing the same. The method includes forming a coating layer on a surface of a steel sheet having a thickness of 0.27 mm or less by vapor deposition in a low oxidizing atmosphere with an oxygen partial pressure (Po2) of less than 0.1 atm and a total pressure of 0.1 atm or more. The steel sheet has extremely low iron loss with a thickness of 0.27 mm or less and includes a coating layer formed by vapor deposition on a matrix surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device for carrying out a manufacturing process in which all magnet cores to be produced are first continuously crystallized. Depending on whether the required hysteresis loops should be round, flat or rectangular, the magnet cores are either immediately finished, that is enclosed in housings, conditioned to a rectangular hysteresis loop in a direct-axis magnetic field or to a flat hysteresis loop in a magnetic cross-field and then finished.

Abstract: The invention is used in the field of materials engineering and relates to a method for defining reference magnetizations which could be used, for example, in magnetic sensor technology components. The object of the present invention is to disclose a method for defining reference magnetizations in layer systems, whereby the reference directions can be selected as desired with regard to number and spatial direction. The object is attained through a method for defining reference magnetizations in layer systems in which at least one layer system is produced by geometrically structuring a hard-magnetic and/or soft-magnetic layer and by applying the hard-magnetic and/or soft magnetic layer to at least one antiferromagnetic layer before, during or after a single-stage or multi-stage thermal treatment, whereby the temperature is increased at least to a temperature greater than the coupling temperature and the layer system is cooled afterwards.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for hardening a metal article, comprising a holding device, an energy beam generator pointed at the holding device for directing energy beams at the holding device, and an auxliary heating device engaging the holding device, wherein the auxiliary heating device heats the metal article independently from the energy beam. The apparatus includes an energy beam delivery instrument system positioned between the energy beam generator and the holding device so that the energy an energy beam delivery instrument directs the energy beam to the holding device. Also, the apparatus also includes a transport system supporting the holding device, wherein the transport system varies the location of the holding device relative to the energy beam generator.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic resonator for use in a marker in a magnetomechanical electronic article surveillance system is manufactured at reduced cost by being continuously annealed with a tensile stress applied along the ribbon axis and by providing an amorphous magnetic alloy containing iron, cobalt and nickel and in which the portion of cobalt is less than about 4 at %.

Abstract: A method of producing a magnetic recording medium comprising the steps of providing a substrate having a layer of a non-magnetic material that can be converted into a magnetic state by annealing, and then converting selected portions of the non-magnetic layer to a magnetic state by subjecting them to annealing by directing a focussed beam of radiation onto the substrate to form a patterned magnetic layer comprising an ordered array of magnetic regions separated by non-magnetic regions.

Abstract: A hard magnetic alloy in accordance with the present invention is composed of at least element T selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co and Ni, at least one rare earth element R, and boron (B). The hard magnetic alloy has an absolute value of the temperature coefficient of magnetization of 0.15%/° C. or less and a coercive force of 1 kOe, when being used in a shape causing a permeance factor of 2 or more. A hard magnetic alloy compact in accordance with the present invention has a texture, in which at least a part or all of the texture comprises an amorphous phase or fine crystalline phase having an average crystal grain size of 100 nm or less, is subjected to crystallization or grain growth under stress, such that a mixed phase composed of a soft magnetic or semi-hard magnetic phase and a hard magnetic phase is formed in the texture, and anisotropy is imparted to the crystal axis of the hard magnetic phase.

Abstract: Display Element for Employment in a Magnetic Anti-theft Security System A semi-hard magnetic alloy for activation strips in magnetic anti-theft security systems is disclosed that contains 8 to 25 weight % Ni, 1.5 to 4.5 weight % Al, 0.5 to 3 weight % Ti and balance iron. The alloy is distinguished over known, employed alloys by excellent magnetic properties and a high resistance to corrosion. Further, the inventive alloy can be excellently cold-worked before the annealing.