Abstract: The present invention offers a minute-sized magnet with superior magnetic energy product (BH)max and coercivity iHc, as well as superior anti-corrosive properties. This magnet is comprised of an alloy comprised of 35-55 atomic % platinum, 0.001-10 atomic % third element, which is one or more elements from groups IVa, Va, IIIb, or IVb, and a remainder of iron and other unavoidable impurities. The average crystal size of this FePt alloy is 0.3 &mgr;m. By mixing an FePt alloy with a specific element in a designated ratio, an FePt magnet with more excellent characteristics than ones made from previous alloys was successfully made.

Abstract: A marker for use in a magnetic anti-theft security system has an amorphous ferromagnetic alloy alarm strip and at least one activation strip. The semi-hard magnetic alloy for the activation strip contains 8 to 25 weight % Ni, 1.5 to 4.5 weight % Al, 0.5 to 3 weight % Ti and balance of iron. The alloy is distinguished over known, employed alloys by excellent magnetic properties and a high resistance to corrosion. Further, the alloy can be excellently cold-worked before the annealing.

Abstract: A thin metallic ferromagnetic alloy ribbon is annealed by continuously transporting it through an oven in order to induce specific magnetic characteristics and in order to remove a production-inherent longitudinal curvature of the ribbon. While the heat-treatment occurs, the ribbon is guided by a channel in a substantially straight annealing fixture. The channel is characterized by slight curvatures along portions of its length, in particular where the ribbon enters into the annealing oven. The curved channel provides an improved thermal contact between the ribbon and the heat reservoir. As a consequence the process can be conducted at particularly high annealing speeds without degrading the desired characteristics.

Abstract: An alloy made of heat treated material represented by Gd5(SixGe1−x)4 where 0.47≦x≦0.56 that exhibits a magnetic entropy change (−&Dgr;Sm) of at least 16 J/kg K, a magnetostriction of at least 2000 parts per million, and a magnetoresistance of at least 5 percent at a temperature of about 300K and below, and method of heat treating the material between 800 to 1600 degrees C. for a time to this end.

Abstract: Restoring magnetostriction characteristics without causing fusion of rod. By performing heat treatment on a giant magnetostrictive material within the temperature range of 750 to 860° C., working distortion is removed while bleeding of an R-rich phase on a rod surface is prevented.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a Fe-based amorphous alloy ribbon comprising the steps of: ejecting a molten Fe-based alloy containing 10 atomic % or less of B onto a cooling roll to solidify the molten Fe-based alloy; and peeling the solidified Fe-based alloy from the cooling roll when the solidified Fe-based alloy has a temperature of 100 to 300° C. A Fe-based amorphous alloy ribbon having no crystalline phase is stably, continuously produced without breakage by this method.

Abstract: A laminate structure includes an antiferromagnetic layer, a pinned magnetic layer, and a seed layer contacting the antiferromagnetic layer on a side opposite to pinned magnetic layer. The seed layer is constituted mainly by face-centered cubic crystals with (111) planes preferentially oriented. The seed layer is preferably non-magnetic. Layers including the antiferromagnetic layer, a free magnetic layer, and layers therebetween, have (111) planes preferentially oriented.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an insulating material between adjacent metal layers of a soft magnetic core, and a process for forming this insulating material. The insulating material is composed of the native metal oxides of the metallic core material.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic resonator for use in a marker in a magnetomechanical electronic article surveillance system is manufactured at reduced cost by being continuously annealed with a tensile stress applied along the ribbon axis and by providing an amorphous magnetic alloy containing iron, cobalt and nickel and in which the portion of cobalt is less than about 4 at %.

Abstract: A magnetic powder core comprises a molded article of a mixture of a glassy alloy powder and an insulating material. The glassy alloy comprises Fe and at least one element selected from Al, P, C, Si, and B, and has a texture primarily composed of an amorphous phase. The glassy alloy exhibits a temperature difference &Dgr;Tx, which is represented by the equation &Dgr;Tx=Tx−Tg, of at least 20 K in a supercooled liquid, wherein Tx indicates the crystallization temperature and Tg indicates the glass transition temperature. The magnetic core precursor is produced mixing the glassy alloy powder with the insulating material, compacting the mixture to form a magnetic core precursor, and annealing the magnetic core precursor at a temperature in the range between (Tg−170) K and Tg K to relieve the internal stress of the magnetic core precursor. The glassy alloy exhibits low coercive force and low core loss.

Abstract: A method for selecting alloying elements for complex, multi-component amorphous metal alloys is provided in which the solvent element is the largest atom with a concentration of 40-80 at %, the second most concentrated element has a radius of 65-83 % the radius of the solvent atom and a concentration of 10-40 at % in the alloy, with other elements selected at lower concentrations. For ternary alloys specified by this invention, the third element must have an atomic radius within 70-92 % of the solvent atom radius. In the preferred embodiment, alloys with four or more elements are specified, where the third elements must have an atomic radius within 70-80 %, the fourth element must have an atomic radius within 80-92 % of the solvent atom radius, and all other solute elements must have atomic radii within 70-92 % of the solvent atom radius.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic resonator for use in a marker in a magnetomechanical electronic article surveillance system has improved magnetoresonant properties and/or reduced eddy current losses by virtue of being annealed so that the resonator has a fine domain structure with a domain width less than about 40 &mgr;m, or less than about 1.5 times the thickness of the resonator. This produces in the resonator an induced magnetic easy axis which is substantially perpendicular to the axis along which the resonator is operated magnetically by a magnetic bias element also contained in the marker.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring a heat treating atmosphere derive from at least one sensor placed in situ in the atmosphere a process variable, which is indicative of the ratio of gaseous hydrogen H2(g) to water vapor H2O(g) in the atmosphere. The systems and methods use the process variable, e.g., to control the atmosphere, or to record, or display the process variable.

Abstract: A spin electronic material exhibiting a spin-dependent electronic effect includes zincblende TE-VE, where TE stands for V, Cr or Mn and VE stands for As or Sb.

Abstract: Preferred embodiments of the invention provide new nanostructured materials and methods for preparing nanostructured materials having increased tensile strength and ductility, increased hardness, and very fine grain sizes making such materials useful for a variety of applications such as rotors, electric generators, magnetic bearings, aerospace and many other structural and nonstructural applications. The preferred nanostructured materials have a tensile yield strength from at least about 1.9 to about 2.3 GPa and a tensile ductility from at least 1%. Preferred embodiments of the invention also provide a method of making a nanostructured material comprising melting a metallic material, solidifying the material, deforming the material, forming a plurality of dislocation cell structures, annealing the deformed material at a temperature from about 0.30 to about 0.70 of its absolute melting temperature, and cooling the material.

Abstract: Method for producing a magnetic head of a pair of magnetic core halves combined with a nonmagnetic layer therebetween including forming a winding window in at least one of a pair of generally flat oxide magnetic plates, forming at least one underlying layer on each oxide magnetic plate, forming a metal magnetic thin film on the underlying layer containing magnetic crystalline particles having average volume Va and average surface area Sa fulfilling the relationship Sa>about 4.64 Va¾, forming a groove in a body including the oxide magnetic plate, underlying layer and metal magnetic thin film, and combining the body with another body including an oxide magnetic plate and a metal magnetic thin film with a nonmagnetic layer therebetween, where the metal magnetic thin film is formed in such a manner to prevent the oxide magnetic plates from cracking due to internal stress generated in the metal magnetic thin film.

Abstract: Method of making an active magnetic refrigerant represented by Gd5(SixGe1−x)4 alloy for 0≦x≦1.0 comprising placing amounts of the commercially pure Gd, Si, and Ge charge components in a crucible, heating the charge contents under subambient pressure to a melting temperature of the alloy for a time sufficient to homogenize the alloy and oxidize carbon with oxygen present in the Gd charge component to reduce carbon, rapidly solidifying the alloy in the crucible, and heat treating the solidified alloy at a temperature below the melting temperature for a time effective to homogenize a microstructure of the solidified material, and then cooling sufficiently fast to prevent the eutectoid decomposition and improve magnetocaloric and/or the magnetostrictive and/or the magnetoresistive properties thereof.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic film suitable for ultra-high density perpendicular recording, and a process for producing the film. The process generally entails forming a film of ferromagnetic material on a surface of a substrate, such that the film is characterized by perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and comprises a plurality of magnetic domains defined by domain walls perpendicular to a major surface of the film. The ferromagnetic film is formed to have a linear strain defect for the purpose of smoothing and stabilizing the domain walls during subsequent magnetization reversal of the ferromagnetic material. Such smoothing and stabilizing serves to control temporal magnetic noise due to motion of magnetic domains, arrest domain wall motion (reducing velocity) when the film is subjected to the magnetic reversal fields, and controls spatial magnetic noise due to domain wall jaggedness.

Abstract: A bulk amorphous metal magnetic component has a plurality of laminations of ferromagnetic amorphous metal strips adhered together to form a generally three-dimensional part having the shape of a polyhedron. The component is formed by stamping, stacking and bonding. The bulk amorphous metal magnetic component may include an arcuate surface, and an implementation may include two arcuate surfaces that are disposed opposite each other. The magnetic component may be operable at frequencies ranging from between approximately 50 Hz and 20,000 Hz. When the component is excited at an excitation frequency “f” to a peak induction level Bmax, it may exhibit a core-loss less than “L” wherein L is given by the formula L=0.0074 f (Bmax)1.3+0.000282 f1.5 (Bmax)2.4, said core loss, said excitation frequency and said peak induction level being measured in watts per kilogram, hertz, and teslas, respectively.

Abstract: A laminate structure includes an antiferromagnetic layer, a pinned magnetic layer, and a seed layer contacting the antiferromagnetic layer on a side opposite to pinned magnetic layer. The seed layer is constituted mainly by face-centered cubic crystals with (111) planes preferentially oriented. The seed layer is preferably non-magnetic. Layers including the antiferromagnetic layer, a free magnetic layer, and layers therebetween, have (111) planes preferentially oriented.

Abstract: Electrical steel sheets having superior magnetic properties, anti-noise properties, and workability, are ideal for use a compact iron core material in electric apparatuses, such as compact transformers, motors, and electric generators. A totally new electrical steel sheet and a manufacturing method therefor are proposed, in which the electrical steel sheet is not only most advantageous in magnetic properties but also advantageous from economic point of view. That is, the electrical steel sheet of the present invention is composed of from about 2.0 to 8.0 wt % Si, from about 0.005 to 3.0 wt % Mn, from about 0.0010 to 0.020 wt % Al, balance essentially iron. The magnetic flux density B50(L) in a rolling direction and the magnetic flux density B50(C) in the direction perpendicular thereto are 1.70 T or more, and the B50(L)/B50(C) is 1.005 to 1.100.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic resonator for use in a marker in a magnetomechanical electronic article surveillance system has improved magnetoresonant properties and/or reduced eddy current losses by virtue of being annealed so that the resonator has a fine domain structure with a domain width less than about 40 &mgr;m, or less than about 1.5 times the thickness of the resonator. This produces in the resonator an induced magnetic easy axis which is substantially perpendicular to the axis along which the resonator is operated magnetically by a magnetic bias element also contained in the marker.

Abstract: A plated steel sheet and a connection terminal material using the plated steel sheet have low contact resistance and excellent corrosion resistance. The coated film, which has excellent adhesion, is formed by coating a stainless steel base sheet which is coated with a nickel-tin alloy with a solution/suspension of carbon black or graphite, carboxymethyl cellulose, and a water-borne organic resin which is acrylic resin, polyester resin, urethane resin, or phenol resin.

Abstract: Magnetic materials for use in sputtering targets are hot rolled and stretched at ambient temperature or at a temperature not exceeding 1400° F. The magnetic material can be pure Co, pure Ni, or Co based alloys.

Abstract: A spin-valve magnetoresistive element includes an antiferromagnetic layer, a first pinned magnetic layer, a nonmagnetic interlayer, a second pinned magnetic layer, a nonmagnetic conductive layer, a free magnetic layer, a pair of longitudinal biasing layers, and a pair of lead layers. When a detecting current is applied from the lead layers, the magnetization vector of the free magnetic layer is aligned in a direction intersecting the magnetization vector of the second pinned magnetic layer, and the magnetization vector of the second pinned magnetic layer is tilted by an angle &thgr; from the normal of a track width direction toward a direction opposite to a longitudinal biasing magnetic field, in order to reduce asymmetry of the output.

Abstract: Giant magnetostrictive material, with an alloy including a rare earth element and a transition metal element, is obtained by dissolving nitrogen interstitially in the alloy. Nitrogen is introduced in the alloy in the range from 0.01 to 2.5% by mass. Nitrogen introducing treatment is carried out at a temperature of 600° C. or less. A content of nitrogen compound present in magnetostrictive alloy, by a ratio of a content of nitrogen in the nitrogen compound to a total nitrogen content in the alloy, is reduced to be 0.05 or less by mass ratio. Almost all of the added nitrogen is interstitially dissolved between crystal lattice. In giant magnetostrictive material using melt quench flakes, the flakes are stacked in a thickness direction that is a direction of growth of columnar grain essentially constituting the flake material to integrate in this state.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in magnetic properties, which are improved by irradiating laser beams onto the positions paired on the both surfaces of the steel sheet and forming fine closure domains, characterized in that the width of the closure domains in the rolling direction is 0.3 mm or less and the deviation in the rolling direction between the positions of the paired closure domains on the both surfaces is equal to or smaller than the width of said closure domains in the rolling direction. Further, the present invention relates to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in magnetic properties, characterized in that the steel sheet has the marks of laser irradiation on its surface. Yet further, the present invention relates to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in magnetic properties, characterized in that the substrate steel is not exposed at the portions of laser irradiation on the surface of the steel sheet.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having crystal grains of small diameter and excellent workability before stress relief annealing and having crystal grains of largely grown diameter and excellent iron loss property after stress relief annealing and a method for producing the same, and relates to a low iron loss non-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in workability, containing, in weight %, 0.010% or less of C, 0.1 to 1.5% of Mn, 0.1 to 4% of Si, 0.1 to 4% of Al, wherein the latter three elements satisfy the formula Si+Mn+Al≦5.0%, and 0.0005 to 0.0200% of Mg, or further containing 0.005% or more of Ca, wherein the total amount of Mg and Ca is 0.0200% or less, or further containing 0.005% or more of REM, wherein the total amount of Mg and REM is 0.0200% or less, or further containing 0.005% or more of Ca and REM, wherein the total amount of Mg, Ca and REM is 0.0200% or less, and containing the remainder consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a thin-film magnetic head with a spin valve effect MR read sensor includes a temperature-annealing step of firmly fixing the direction of the pinned magnetization in the spin valve effect MR sensor. The temperature-annealing step is executed by a plurality of times.

Abstract: An oven for magnetic annealing of magnetic media, along with methods for using the same. The oven has a vacuum chamber with vacuum port for loading and unloading magnetic media. The vacuum port is sealed by a vacuum seal or door adapted for movement between open and closed positions. A vacuum pump is connected to the chamber to provide a vacuum within the chamber. The oven includes a heat exchanger adapted to receive magnetic media and a heat transfer gas unit connected to the heat exchanger to form a closed, hermetically sealed heat transfer gas circuit for heating and cooling magnetic media loaded in the heat exchanger. A magnet located exterior to the vacuum chamber provides the magnetic field to magnetic media.

Abstract: A method of making an alloy powder for an R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet includes the steps of preparing a material alloy that is to be used for forming the R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet and that has a chilled structure that constitutes about 2 volume percent to about 20 volume percent of the material alloy, coarsely pulverizing the material alloy for the R—Fe—B-type rare earth magnet by utilizing a hydrogen occlusion phenomenon to obtain a coarsely pulverized powder, finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized powder and removing at least some of fine powder particles having particle sizes of about 1.0 &mgr;m or less from the finely pulverized powder, thereby reducing the volume fraction of the fine powder particles with the particle sizes of about 1.0 &mgr;m or less, and covering the surface of remaining ones of the powder particles with a lubricant after the step of removing has been performed.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for preparing a magnetic head having a high-speed magnetic recording ability. A resist insulating layer 70 is formed on a coil, a magnetic pole layer 41 is formed on the resist insulating layer 70, and a laminate 10 including the resist insulating layer 70 and the magnetic pole layer 41 is heated so that the resist insulating layer 70 is allowed to shrink.

Abstract: A newly proposed Fe-Cr soft magnetic material has electric resistivity not less than 50 &mgr;&OHgr;·cm and a metallurgical structure occupied by a ferrite phase at a surface ratio of 95% or more. A number of fine precipitated of 1 &mgr;m or less in particle size is controlled at a ratio not more than 6×105/mm2. The Fe-Cr alloy has the composition of C up to 0.05%, N up to 0.05%, Si up to 3.0%, Mn up to 1.0%, P up to 0.04%, S up to 1.0%, 5.0-20.0% Cr, Al up to 4.0%, 0-3% Mo, 0-0.5% Ti and the balance being essentially Fe under the conditions of (1) and (2). The Fe-Cr soft magnetic material is useful as a core, a yoke or the like installed in various types of magnetic sensors such as electric power steering, fuel injection systems for vehicles and A.C magnetic circuits of solenoid valves, due to production of great magnetic induction in a high-frequency low-magnetic field.

Abstract: A soft magnetic alloy strip is manufactured by a single roll method. The soft magnetic alloy strip is 0.2×d mm or less (, which “d” is a width of the strip,) in warpage in the widthwise direction of the strip, and has a continuous, long length not less than 50 m, in which a width of an air pockets occurring on a roll contact face is not more than 35 &mgr;m, a length of the air pockets is not more than 150 &mgr;m, and the centerline average roughness Ra of the roll contact face is not more than 0.5 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an Fe-based amorphous alloy thin strip capable of realizing an excellent soft magnetic property for use in alternating current applications while keeping a high magnetic flux density even in a composition range with a high Fe content, and an Fe-based amorphous alloy thin strip with which a core having an excellent soft magnetic property can be manufactured, even if there occurs a temperature difference among different portions of the core during annealing. The present invention is an Fe-based amorphous alloy thin strip having a high magnetic flux density, consisting of the main component elements of Fe, Si, B, C, and P and unavoidable impurities, characterized by having: a composition, in atomic %, of 82<Fe≦90, 2≦Si<4, 5<B≦16, 0.02≦C≦4, and 0.2≦P≦12; Bs of 1.74 T or more after annealing; B80 exceeding 1.5 T; and a low core loss of 0.12 W/kg or less.

Abstract: A heat shrink band steel sheet of the present invention comprises on the basis of percent in weight C: 0.1% or less, Si: 0.1% or less, Mn: 0.1 to 2%, P: 0.15% or less, S: 0.02% or less, sol Al: 0.08% or less, and N: 0.005% or less, or C: 0.005% or less, Si: 0.1% or less, Mn: 0.1 to 2%, P: 0.15% or less, S: 0.02% or less, sol Al: 0.08% or less, N: 0.005% or less, Ti: 0.02 to 0.06%, and B: 0.0003 to 0.005%, wherein the product of a magnetic permeability at the magnetic field of 0.3 Oe after heat shrinking treatment and a thickness (mm) is at least 350. A color CRT having a sufficient magnetic shielding characteristic and a less amount of color deviation can be realized by the steel sheet.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a thin-film magnetic head with a MR multi-layered structure using exchange coupling magnetic bias, has a step of forming the MR multi-layered structure, and a step of providing the exchange coupling magnetic bias to the MR multi-layered structure by a temperature-annealing process. The temperature-annealing process includes a step of gradually decreasing the temperature of the multi-layered structure to a first predetermined temperature under application of magnetic field toward a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive material with two metallic magnetic phases. The material exhibits the giant magnetoresistance effect (GMR). A first phase of the material includes a matrix of an electrically conductive ferromagnetic transition metal or an alloy thereof. A second precipitate phase exhibits ferromagnetic behavior when precipitated into the matrix and is antiferromagnetically exchange coupled to the first phase. The second precipitate phase can be electrically conductive rare earth pnictide or can be a Heusler alloy. A method of manufacturing magnetoresistive materials according to the present invention employs facing targets magnetron sputtering.

Abstract: The SVMR element has a non-magnetic metallic thin-film layer, first and second ferromagnetic thin-film layers (free and pinned layers) formed to sandwich the non-magnetic metallic thin-film layer and an anti-ferromagnetic thin-film layer formed in contact with a surface of the second ferromagnetic thin-film layer. This surface is opposite to the non-magnetic metallic thin-film layer. The first ferromagnetic thin-film layer has a two-layers structure of a NiFe layer and a CoFe layer. The manufacturing method includes a step of depositing the first ferromagnetic thin-film layer, the non-magnetic metallic thin-film layer, the second ferromagnetic thin-film layer and the anti-ferromagnetic thin-film layer, and a step of annealing, thereafter, the deposited layers so that change in magnetostriction depending upon variation of a thickness of the NiFe layer becomes small.

Abstract: Magnetic nanocomposite materials including iron, rare earth elements, boron, refractory metals and cobalt which have favorable magnetic properties and are suitable for making bonded magnets are disclosed. Compositions of the present invention can be of the formula: (N1−yLay)vFe100−v−w−x−zCowMzBx, where M is at least one refractory metal selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W; v is from about 5 to about 15; w is greater than or equal to 5; x is from about 9 to about 30; y is from about 0.05 to about 0.5; and z is from about 0.1 to about 5. Preferably M is at least Cr. These materials have good magnetic properties and are suitable for use in preparing bonded magnets.

Abstract: A bulk amorphous metal magnetic component has a plurality of layers of amorphous metal strips laminated together to form a generally three-dimensional part having the shape of a polyhedron. The bulk amorphous metal magnetic component may include an arcuate surface, and preferably includes two arcuate surfaces that are disposed opposite each other. The magnetic component is operable at frequencies ranging from between approximately 50 Hz and 20,000 Hz. When the component is excited at an excitation frequency “f” to a peak induction level Bmax, it exhibits a core-loss less than “L” wherein L is given by the formula L=0.0074 f (Bmax)1.3+0.000282 f1.5 (Bmax)2.4, said core loss, said excitation frequency and said peak induction level being measured in watts per kilogram, hertz, and teslas, respectively.

Abstract: To provide a powder for dust cores capable of improving magnetic properties such as magnetic permeability in a molded compacted powder magnetic core and mechanical properties such as size precision of the molded compacted powder magnetic core and radial crushing strength and, a dust core using the powder. A powder for a dust core contains a ferromagnetic powder, an insulating material containing silicone resin and/or phenol resin, and a lubricant, wherein the lubricant contains aluminum stearate, and a dust core using the powder for a dust core.

Abstract: A magnetic material has a composition expressed by the following general formula,

Abstract: An electromagnetic steel sheet having a low iron loss and a high magnetic flux density, with silicon, nitrogen and an added element bismuth or germanium prior to secondary recrystallization, to accelerate precipitation of fine BN and silicon nitride, improving the texture of the primary recrystallized grains of the steel sheet immediately before subjecting it to secondary recrystallization annealing, and combining the primary recrystallization annealing, cold rolling and further the texture improving treatment. Addition of bismuth or germanium or both to the steel prior to secondary recrystallization is combined with primary recrystallization annealing and warm rolling in the presence of limited aluminum and vanadium impurities limited to 0.002 wt % Al or less and 0.010 wt % V or less.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to methods for altering the magnetic properties of materials and the novel materials produced by these methods. The methods of this invention concern the application of high voltage, high frequency sparks to the surface of materials in order to alter the magnetic properties of the materials. Specially, the present invention can be applied to diamagnetic silicon to produce ferromagnetic spark-processed silicon.

Abstract: An anisotropic exchange spring magnet powder complexing a hard magnetic material and a soft magnetic material, wherein a rare earth metal element, a transition metal element, boron and carbon and the like are contained, and the hard magnetic material and soft magnetic material have crystal particle diameters of 150 nm or less. A method of producing an anisotropic exchange spring magnet powder comprises treating a crystalline mother material containing a hard magnetic material and soft magnetic material or the crystalline mother material having amorphous parts, in a continuous process composed of an amorphousating process and the following crystallizing process, repeated once or more times. An anisotropic exchange spring magnet is obtained by treatment, in an anisotropy-imparting molding process and a solidification process, of an anisotropic exchange spring magnet powder.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a low iron loss and low noise grain-oriented electrical steel sheet for securing both low core loss and low noise of a transformer at the same time.

Abstract: Magnetic nanocomposite materials including iron, rare earth elements, boron, refractory metal and, optionally, cobalt are disclosed. Neodymium and lanthanum are preferred rare earth elements. The amounts of Nd, La, B and refractory metal are controlled in order to produce both hard and soft magnetic phases, as well as a refractory metal boride precipitated phase. The refractory metal boride precipitates serve as grain refiners and substantially improve the magnetic properties of the nanocomposite materials. The materials are particularly suitable for making bonded magnets.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the preparation of a magnetically anisotropic rare earth/iron/boron-based permanent magnet in a relatively bulky form having a nanocomposite structure as prepared from quenched thin ribbons of the alloy. The method comprises heating the powder of quenched thin ribbons to a temperature allowing partial formation of a liquid phase of a lanthanum/iron or rare earth/copper alloy of low melting point and subjecting the powder of the quenched thin ribbons to a uniaxial hot-deformation treatment by passing the powder under resistance heating through a gap between a pair of compression rollers.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a synchronizer sleeve and a method of manufacturing a synchronizer sleeve for a change speed gear. The synchronizer sleeve comprises in a known manner a shift fork recess opening towards the outer peripheral surface and a toothing formed at its inner peripheral surface. The synchronizer sleeve according to the invention, which can be manufactured at a low price without affecting the wear to resistance, is characterized according to the invention by a surface hardness of the shift-force recess, which is set by cold rolling, wherein the toothing is hardened locally, in particular it is hardened inductively. In the method of manufacturing the synchronizer sleeve according to the invention the shift fork recess is ready worked by cold rolling.