Abstract: A Ni-Fe magnetic alloy consists essentially of:77 to 80 wt. % Ni, 3.5 to 5 wt. % Mo, 1.5 to 3 wt. % Cu, 0.1 to 1.1 wt. % Mn, 0.1 wt. % or less Cr, 0.003 wt. % or less S, 0.01 wt. % or less P, 0.005 wt. % or less 0, 0.003 wt. % or less N, 0.02 wt. % or less C, 0.001 to 0.05 wt. % Al, 1 wt. % or less Si, 2.6-6 of the weight ratio of Ca to S, (Ca/S), and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, satisfies an equation of 3.2.ltoreq.(2.02.times.[Ni]-11.13.times.[Mo]-1.25.times.[Cu]-5.03.times.[M n])/ (2.13.times.[Fe]).ltoreq.3.8; and has a Mo segregation ratio defined by a seregration equation satisfying 5% or less, the seregration equation being .vertline.(Mo content in a segregation region-Mo average content)/ (Mo average content).vertline..times.100%.A method for producing a magnetic Ni-Fe alloy comprises the steps of: a first heating step of heating an alloy ingot to 1200.degree. to 1300.degree. C. for 10 to 30 hrs; slabbing the heated ingot at a finishing temperature of 950.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for preparing a structure having enhanced magneto-resistance, and use of the structure, in which it is possible to prepare a structure having enhanced magnetoresistance on the basis of the system of materials Cu--Co, especially for a magnetoresistive sensor. An intermediate of the structure is formed initially from an alloy having Cu mixed crystals supersaturated with Co by means of a rapid-solidification technique and this intermediate is subsequently converted by means of a predefined heat treatment into an end product of the desired structure having precipitations of or including Co in a Cu matrix.

Abstract: Two-stage heat treatment is used to improve the initial permeability and core loss of a soft amorphous magnetic article. The first-stage heat treatment is performed at a temperature less than the curie temperature of the amorphous soft magnetic article by 0.degree.-50.degree. C. for 0-10 hours, while applying a static magnetic field which is larger than 1000 Oe in a first direction which is generally perpendicular to the direction the magnetic article is to be magnetized when used or measured. The second-stage heat treatment is performed at a temperature less than the crystallization temperature of the amorphous soft magnetic article by 0.degree.-100.degree. C. for 0-10 hours, while applying a static magnetic field which is between 50 Oe and 1000 Oe in the first direction. Prior to performing the second-stage heat treatment, the temperature is lowered to room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of stably manufacturing a Fe-base soft magnetic alloy having steps of subjecting an amorphous alloy mainly composed of Fe to heat treatment in which the amorphous alloy is heated to 400.degree. to 750.degree. C. at a heating rate of 1.0.degree. C./minute or higher so that at least 50% or more of the structure of the amorphous alloy is made of fine crystalline grains formed into a body-centered cubic structure and having an average grain size of crystal of 30 nm or smaller as to have a high magnetic permeability and saturation magnetic flux density.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming high coercivity permanent magnets from a rare earth-iron-boron metal, wherein the permanent magnets exhibit high intrinsic coercivity comparable to that of the rare earth-iron-boron metal alloy when formed by machining and appropriately heat treating the metal alloy in air at a temperature greater than the Curie temperature of the material, prior to or after the machining operation. As a result, high coercivity permanent magnets can be selectively sized and shaped to satisfy specific design requirements, without requiring that a punch and die be specially designed and manufactured to produce the permanent magnets. The heat treatment method is able to promote machinability of the metal alloy without substantially causing a loss in magnetic properties. Alternatively, the heat treatment method can be employed to substantially restore the magnetic properties of a permanent magnet which were previously reduced by conventional annealing practices.

Abstract: The improved process of the present invention seeks to best manage the compromise between optimization of noise reduction, power output, magnetic permeability, strength of materials and center of gravity in the manufacture of an alternator pole piece. The inventive steps include hot forging, shot blasting, Parkerization, cold coining, a two step fully finishing step including a squeezing sub-step and a bending sub-step, and an annealing step. The inventive steps result in the manufacture of an alternator pole piece which facilitates quiet operation as well as high alternator output.

Abstract: A manufacturing process for use in manufacturing magnetic field sensor head cores, comprises: providing a core formed of an amorphous ferromagnetic material on which is placed an insulating layer; mounting, a first winding that functions as a drive coil for the core over said insulating layer; providing second (37) and third (38) coils on said core (31) that respectively function as a sensor and a compensating coil for the sensor head; both the second and third coils being wound in form of a hollow cylinder 36 inside of which is positioned an assembly formed by the core 31 and the drive coil 32; supplying a first electric current to the core 31 of the sensor head, said core heating up as said first current flows through said drive winding, supplying a second and alternating electric current to that the one 38 of compensating and sensor coils 37 and 38 that surrounds the core 31 and functions as the compensating winding 38; monitoring a signal induced in the other coil 37 that functions as the sensor winding a

Abstract: A method of producing a non-oriented electromagnetic steel strip by subjecting a low-carbon steel slab to hot-rolling, cold rolling at a small reduction and first annealing. In order to improve magnetic flux density and surface appearance of the product, specific conditions are employed so as to coarsen the crystalline structure to obtain a controlled and moderate crystal grain size after the annealing. The slab is cold-rolled at a rolling reduction of about 5 to 15% and is subjected to first annealing by heating at a rate of about 3.degree. C./sec or higher and holding the strip for about 5 to 30 seconds at 850.degree. C. to the A.sub.3 transformation temperature of the steel, while controlling the crystal grain size to about 100 to 200 .mu.m after first annealing.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a low-core-loss oriented electrical steel sheet. Thread-like grooves are formed in a cold-rolled grain oriented electrical steel sheet having a final thickness of about 0.27 mm or less in a direction within the range of about 30.degree. from the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction. The grooves and sheet satisfy the equationlog d.gtoreq.0.6 Ra+0.4where d is the groove depth (.mu.m), and Ra is the mean surface roughness of the steel sheet cold-rolled to final gauge. The steel sheet is thereafter decarburization annealed and final texture annealed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for enhancing the harmonic output of a marker comprising the steps of providing an amorphous alloy having a composition (Fe.sub.1-x Ni.sub.x).sub.a M.sub.b (B.sub.1-y Si.sub.y).sub.c wherein "x" ranges from about 0.2 to about 0.9, "y" ranges from 0 up to about 0.5, "a" is between about 60 and about 90 atomic %, "b" is between about 0.1 to about 10 atomic %, "c" is between about 0.1 to about 30 atomic percent, and M is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Mo, Cr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Ti, V, W, and Zr, the amorphous alloy having at least two crystallization temperatures, a first crystallization temperature at which a nanocrystalline phase is formed, and a second crystallization temperature at which a second crystalline phase is formed; annealing the amorphous alloy at a temperature between the first and the second crystallization temperatures for a time sufficient to increase at least one harmonic characteristic of the element.

Abstract: A rotor for an alternating current generator of the Lundell type. The rotor shaft carries two segments which have interleaved pole teeth. The rotor has a core member and a field coil disposed about the core member. The segments and/or core member are formed of compressed powder iron particles having a particle size in a range of about 10 to 250 microns. In the manufacture of the core and/or segments the iron powder particles are coated with a thermoplastic material and this thermoplastic coated iron particle material is compacted in the molding dies of a press. After compaction to the desired shape, the part is sintered at a temperature of about 2050.degree. F. to burn-off the thermoplastic material that coated the iron particles.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a metal surface includes covering the portion of the metal surface with a cleaning tape. The cleaning tape is chromium in combination with a fluoride ion source bound together by fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene. This is applied to the portion of the area to be cleaned and is subject to heat treatment at about 1800.degree. F. and a reducing atmosphere of preferably hydrogen. This effectively cleans only the area covered by the tape. Further, the tape and binder format acts to force fluoride ions into the cracks on the surface providing a significantly improved cleaning operation.

Abstract: A high-performance R--Fe--B permanent magnet being radially anisotropic can be produced by carrying out hot bending of a plateshaped magnet material produced by casting and hot working, to mold it into an arc shape; the cracks to be generated during the bending can be decreased by deciding such bending conditions as the amount of strain, the strain rate, the working temperature, as well as the structure and the composition of the alloy. Furthermore, by optimizing the conditions for heat-treatment and by using an oxidation resistance coating lubricant, an arc shape magnet of high performance and a low cost can be produced under stabilized conditions.

Abstract: A process for making a large number of magneto-mechanically resonant markers having distinct resonant characteristics is disclosed. The process comprises modifying at least one surface of a glassy metal alloy strip so as to cause the effective length of the alloy strip to be different from the physical length thereof. Resonant markers comprising alloy strips treated by the process of the present invention display unique and distinguishable resonant characteristics which gives the marker a unique identity. The resonant markers can be used for article surveillance, inventory control and personnel identification.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing an extremely thin soft magnetic alloy strip, in which a molten alloy is ejected through a nozzle onto the surface of a rotating cooling member and rapidly quenched. The length of the short side of the rectangular nozzle, the distance between the nozzle and the rotating cooling member, peripheral speed of the rotating cooling member, ejecting pressure of the molten alloy, and atmosphere pressure of ejecting are specified.

Abstract: A magnetic alloy film suitable for high density recording has a composition of (Fe.sub.x M.sub.y N.sub.z).sub.a L.sub.b, where L is Cu and/or Ag. The provision of Cu and/or Ag in a range from 0.5 to 5 atomic % enhances thermal stability of the soft magnet properties of the alloy.

Abstract: A magnetic metallic glass alloy exhibits, in combination, high saturation induction and low magnetic anisotropy energy. The alloy has a composition described by the formula Fe.sub.a Co.sub.b B.sub.c Si.sub.d C.sub.e, where "a"-"e" are in atom percent, "a" ranges from about 72 to about 84, "b" ranges from about 2 to about 8, "c" ranges from about 11 to about 16, "d" ranges from about 1 to about 4, and "e" ranges from 0 to about 4, with up to about 1 atom percent of Mn being optionally present. Such an alloy is especially suited for use in large magnetic cores associated with pulse power applications requiring high magnetization rates. Examples of such applications include high power pulse sources for linear induction particle accelerators, induction modules for coupling energy from the pulse source to the beam of these accelerators, magnetic switches in power generators in inertial confinement fusion research, magnetic modulators for driving excimer lasers, and the like.

Abstract: A permanent magnet of the neodymium-iron-boron type having improved corrosion resistance imparted by a combination of oxygen, carbon and nitrogen. Oxygen is provided in an amount equal to or greater than 0.6 weight percent in combination with carbon of 0.05-0.15 weight percent and nitrogen 0.15 weight percent maximum. Preferably, oxygen is within the range of 0.6-1.2% with carbon of 0.05-0.1% and nitrogen 0.02-0.15 weight percent or more preferably 0.04-0.08 weight percent. The magnet may be heated in an argon atmosphere and thereafter quenched in an atmosphere of either argon or nitrogen to further improve the corrosion resistance of the magnet.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for rapidly field annealing ferromagnetic cores and the cores produced thereby. A current is applied across a magnetizing source associated with a magnetizing core which induces a flux/voltage in the ferromagnetic core which is disposed about a leg of the magnetizing core. The flux/voltage in the second core induces a current in the second core which in turn induces a field in, and transverse to the width direction of, the ferromagnetic core. A second field may e applied to the ferromagnetic core during cooling. The cores produced display low core loss and either sheared over or square loop properties which are suitable for current and distribution type transformers respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel heat treatment process, and the alloy products produced thereby. The heat treatment process includes heating an alloy at a temperature and for a time sufficient to cause crystallization, cooling the alloy at a rate greater than about 10.degree. C. per minute, preferably greater than about 50.degree. C. per minute, and most preferably greater than about 100.degree. C. per minute. Alloys of many compositions and having either amorphous, surface crystallized or partially bulk crystallized structure may be beneficially treated. Alloy strips and cores heat treated according to the present invention display B-H loops which display a discontinuous change in slope at near zero field conditions. Alloy strips which have been heat treated according to the present invention display greatly increased resonant output voltages and are particularly useful as resonant markers in article surveillance systems.

Abstract: A method of primary recrystallization annealing grain-oriented electrical steel strip comprises the steps of conducting online measurement of the primary recrystallization grain diameter of the steel after primary recrystallization annealing and, based on the result of this measurement, controlling the primary recrystallization grain diameter of the steel after primary recrystallization annealing by varying either or both of the annealing temperature and the pass velocity during the primary recrystallization annealing. The method enables stable production of grain-oriented electrical steel strip exhibiting good secondary recrystallization and excellent electrical properties.

Abstract: Soft magnetic alloy comprising Fe, a vitrifying element (Si and B), and Cu, and containing a crystalline phase shows a low magnetic permeability of up to 3,000 at 100 kHz. Magnetic cores formed therefrom have low permeability, a wide unsaturation region, and iso.permeability without forming a gap and find application in choke coils and transformers.

Abstract: An amorphous magnetic film is produced by irradiating laser beams onto a magnetic metallic target and depositing an evaporated material on a substrate. During or after the evaporation process, the film formed on the substrate is annealed at a temperature lower than a crystallization temperature. The annealing process enables elimination of stresses from the film, thereby improving soft magnetic properties.

Abstract: A fibrous anisotropic permanent magnet is disclosed comprising fibers composed of an alloy comprising at least one of a rare earth metal selected from Nd, Pr, Dy, Ho, Tb, La, and Ce; Fe or Fe and Co; and B, said fibers having a mean diameter of from 50 to 1,000 .mu.m and exhibiting magnetic anisotropy. The fibrous anisotropy permanent magnet is prepared by extruding a molten alloy comprising at least one of Nd, Pr, Dy, Ho, Tb, La, and Ce; Fe or Fe and Co; and B in an oil to quench-solidify the molten alloy into a fibrous form.Since the fibrous magnet exhibits excellent anisotropic magnetic characteristics in the lengthwise direction of the fiber axis in the quench-solidified state, the magnet is particularly useful as a magnetic powder material for an anisotropic bond magnet.

Abstract: An Fe-base soft magnetic alloy having the composition represented by the general formula:(Fe.sub.1-a M.sub.a).sub.100-x-y-z-.alpha.-.beta.-.gamma. Cu.sub.x Si.sub.y B.sub.z M'.sub..alpha. M".sub..beta. X.sub..gamma.wherein M is Co and/or Ni, M' is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, W, Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti and Mo, M" is at least one element selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Al, elements in the platinum group, Sc, Y, rare earth elements, Au, Zn, Sn and Re, X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of C, Ge, P, Ga, Sb, In, Be and As, and a, x, y, z, .alpha., .beta. and .gamma. respectively satisfy 0.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.0.5, 0.1.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.3, 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.30, 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.25, 5.ltoreq.y+z.ltoreq.30, 0.1.ltoreq..alpha..ltoreq.30, .beta..ltoreq.10 and .gamma..ltoreq.10, at least 50% of the alloy structure being fine crystalline particles having an average particle size 1000 .ANG. or less.

Abstract: A high strength, low alloy, low to medium carbon steel casting is provided of the Fe/Cr/C type containing by weight about 0.1 to 0.5% Si, said steel characterized by the presence of a small but effective amount of each of Cu and Ni sufficient to enhance the mechanical stability of retained austenite formed following quenching of said steel from its austenitizing temperature, the amount of Ni being at least sufficient to counteract the destabilizing effect of Si on austenite. Preferably the steel also includes small but effective amounts of Al, Ti and Nb sufficient to provide a fine grained microstructure.

Abstract: A method of producing Fe-Ni system high permeability alloy comprising the steps of obtaining cast steel sheet 0.3 to 7 mm thick by direct casting of a steel melt containing 35 to 85% by weight of nickel with the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities, forcibly cooling the sheet from solidification to 1200.degree. C. at a cooling rate of at least 75.degree. C./s, and cold-rolling the sheet at a reduction ratio of at least 20%.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing high strength and hard metallic composite layer materials by connecting several metal layers with one another, includes forming the metal layers as flat products by rolling from a metal with low base strength, alloying and hardening the flat products over their whole cross-section with a metalloid by heat treatment in a metalloid containing gas atmosphere, then connecting the flat products with one another by diffusion welding. As metalloids preferably nitrogen, boron and carbon are used. Diffusion welding is performed by hot isostatic pressure method.

Abstract: A rotary output shaft for a vehicle starter motor having a planet gear speed reducing device is formed by forging a steel blank to form a product having a shape similar to the rotary output shaft but having slightly larger outer dimensions, by subjecting a planet gear carrier portion 7c of the forged entire product to copper plating to prevent carburization, by subjecting the product to a carburizing treatment, and by finishing the locally carburized portion of the product.

Abstract: A method for producing non-oriented electrical steel sheets comprising the steps of:making steel ingots comprising contents of:0.01 wt % and less C, 0.003 wt % and less N, 0.1 to 1.0 wt % Mn and 1.7 wt % and less Si;Si and Al satisfying the formulas of:(Al %).ltoreq.0.69 (Si %).sup.2 -2.29 (Si %)+1.90; and(Al %).gtoreq.0.10 (Si %).sup.2 -0.35 (Si %)+0.3, providing that (Si %) represents wt % Si content, and that (Al %) represents wt % Al content;other contents being Fe and impurities inevitable;hot-rolling slabs of the steel ingots at finishing temperature of 700.degree. to 900.degree. C. into hot-rolled steel strips to coil the hot-rolled steel strips; andcold-rolling the hot-rolled steel strips into cold-rolled steel strips, followed by annealing the cold-rolled strip sheets.

Abstract: A process for producing a non-aging galvanized steel sheet having good formability in a continuous galvanizing production line, which comprises heating a low carbon, Al-killed cold rolled steel sheet at a temperature not lower than a recrystallizing temperature, reducing the surface of the steel sheet thus heated in a reducing atmosphere, cooling the steel sheet to a temperature (T.sub.E) ranging from 200.degree. to 350.degree. C. from a temperature not lower than 600.degree. C. at a cooling rate not less than 30.degree. C/s, holding the steel sheet at the temperature (T.sub.E) for 0 to less than 10 seconds, reheating the steel sheet to a temperature ranging from 430.degree. to 500.degree. C. at a heating rate not less than 10.degree. C/s, immersing the steel sheet into a molten zinc bath, cooling the steel sheet thus galvanized to a temperature not higher than 370.degree. C., and subjecting the steel sheet to an overaging treatment to a temperature range from 250.degree. to 320.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a steel article having a high magnetic permeability and a low coercive force, comprising the steps of: heating a material consisting essentially of:carbon: from 0.02 to 0.08 wt. %,manganese: from 0.05 to 0.49 wt. %, andthe balance being iron and incidental impurities, to a temperature of at lest 1,000.degree. C.; then hot-working the thus heated material at a finishing temperature of at least 1,000.degree. C. to prepare a steel article and then cooling the thus prepared steel article to a temperature of up to 500.degree. C. at a cooling rate of up to 0.5.degree. C./second; thereby causing crystal grains of the steel article to grow to a grain size of at least 50 .mu.m to impart a high magnetic permeability and a low coercive force to the steel article.

Abstract: A method of reestablishing the deformability or malleability of embrittled amorphous alloys such as Fe.sub.40 Ni.sub.40 P.sub.20 or Fe.sub.20 Ni.sub.40 B.sub.20 or Cu.sub.64 Ti.sub.36. An alloy is first subjected to a first temperature for a specific first time interval. Subsequently, the alloy is subjected in a sudden manner to a second temperature for a specific second time interval. The effecting of change of the temperature of the alloy from the first temperature to the second temperature occurs at a rate of 100.degree. K./min. The first temperature is greater than the second temperature with the first temperature being in a temperature range between an embrittlement temperature and a crystallization temperature of the alloy.

Abstract: A method of producing non-oriented magnetic steel plate that comprises hot-rolling high-purity steel and adjusting the grain size together with the dehydrogenation treatment to produce a uniform ferrite grain diameter and impart uniform magnetic properties in a low magnetic field through the thickness direction.

Abstract: A high strength lead frame material consists, by weight, of 0.5 to 22% Co, 22 to 32.5% Ni, not more than 1.0% Mn and not more than 0.5% Si and the balance Fe and incidental impurities. The contents of Ni and Co are selected so that the Ni content is 27 to 32.5% when the Co content is less than 12%, and so that, when the Co content is not less than 12%, the Ni content and the Co content meet the condition of 66%.ltoreq. 2Ni+Co.ltoreq.74%. The material has a two-phase structure formed of austenitic phase and martensitic phase, the austenitic phase occupying not less than 50% of the structure.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a steel member comprising the steps of: carburizing and quenching or carbo-nitriding and quenching a steel material; shot-peening the steel material quenched in the first step without tempering; and aging the steel material shot-peened in the second step. Preferably the steel material comprises 0.1 to 0.4 wt. % C, 0.06 to 0.15 wt. % Si, 0.3 to 1.0 wt. % Mn, 0.9 to 1.2 wt. % Cr, 0.3 to 0.5 wt. % Mo, and the remainder Fe. The steel member is preferably used in transmission gears for automobiles, which require superior strength.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant rare earth metal-transition metal magnet alloy having excellent coercive force, squareness, corrosion resistance and temperature characteristics is disclosed, which alloy consists of at least one of rare earth element inclusive of Y; B; occasionally at least one of Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Zr, Nb, Mo, In, Sn, Ta and W; and the remainder being transition metals of Fe, Co and Ni.

Abstract: A semi-process non-oriented electromagnetic steel strip having low core loss and high magnetic permeability is provided which consists essentially of, in % by weight, up to 0.02% of C, 0.2 to 2.0% of Si, 0.1 to 0.6% of Al, 0.02 to 0.10% of P, 0.5 to 1.5% of Mn, 0.1 to 1.0% of Ni, and optionally up to 0.6% of Cu, and optionally 0.01 to 0.2% of Sb and/or Sn, and a balance of iron and inevitable impurities. Magnetic properties are further improved when it is manufactured by hot rolling a slab having the composition at a temperature of from 1,100.degree. to 1,200.degree. C., completing hot finish rolling at a temperature of at least 700.degree. C. in the austenite region, annealing the strip at a temperature from 800.degree. to 880.degree. C. for at least one hour, cold rolling and annealing the strip, and optionally, skin pass rolling with a reduction of 2 to 12%.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for manufacturing a building construction steel having excellent high-temperature characteristics, which can be marketed at an economically reasonable price. According to this process, a slab having a steel composition in which appropriate amounts of Mo and Nb are added to a low-C and low-Mn steel is heated at a high temperature and rolling is finished at a relatively high temperature, or a slab having a steel composition in which an appropriate amount of Mo is added to a low-C and low-Mn steel composition is heated at a high temperature, rolling is finished at a relatively high temperature, and at the subsequent air-cooling step, water cooling is started at a temperature of a ferrite fraction of 20 to 50% during the transformation from austenite to ferrite, water cooling is carried out to an arbitrary temperature lower than 550.degree. C., followed by air cooling.

Abstract: A hot-rolled alloy steel plate with fully austenitic structure consisting essentially of 4.5 to 10.5 wt % aluminum, 22 to 36 wt % manganese, 0.4 to 1.25 wt % carbon and at least one of the following constituents, 0.06 to 0.50 wt % titanium, 0.02 to 0.20 wt % niobium and 0.10 to 0.40 wt % vanadium, the balance being iron. Among them, there are some special relationships between aluminum and carbon contents: when the aluminum content is below about 9.5 wt %, the carbon content can reach 1.25 wt %, but when the aluminum content is between 9.5-10.5 wt %, the carbon content should be less than 1.10 wt %. The alloys of this invention may further contain the following constituents to improve the strength without remarkable decrease in ductility: up to 0.5 wt % nickel, up to 0.5 wt % chromium, up to 1.2 wt % silicon, up to 0.5 wt % molybdenum and up to 0.5 wt % tungsten. The present invention also relates to a process for manufacturing the hot-rolled alloy steel plate.

Abstract: The coercivity of fine grain, hot worked RE.sub.2 TM.sub.14 B type permanent magnets is improved by quenching the material from a temperature greater than about 500.degree. C. to below about 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A heating process of improving the magnetic and mechanical properties of ferromagnetic amorphous alloys wherein the amorphous ribbon is treated with rapid heating and rapid magnetic domain impacting in a direct heating manner by means of pulsed high current to improve the magnetism of ferromagnetic amorphous alloys with reduced or eliminated the annealing embrittlement thereof.The heating process is performed in the following conditions:pulse current density: J.gtoreq.10.sup.3 A/cm.sup.2pulse duration: tp=1 ns-100 msfrequency: f=1 Hz-1,000 Hzheating time: tn=1 sec.-100 secs.

Abstract: A method of making high energy Nd-Fe-B magnets having a mass less than 30 grams wherein an alloy of said materials having a grain size less than that desired in the finished magnet is first prepared and subsequently hot worked to the desired configuration with increased magnetic properties and density by introducing into a cavity formed by a die and punch a Nd-Fe-B alloy powder having a particle size of from 45 .mu.m to 250 .mu.m and a grain size of from 100 to 1500 angstroms, compressing the powder at a temperature of from about 550.degree. C. to 750.degree. C. under a die-punch pressure of at least 10 kpsi under a vacuum of less than 200 millitorr to achieve a permanent magnet having a remanence of at least 7 kilogauss.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an Ni-Fe alloy sheet having an excellent DC magnetic property and an excellent AC magnetic property, which comprises the steps of:hot-working a material consisting essentially of:______________________________________ nickel from 76 to 81 wt. %, molybdenum from 3 to 5 wt. %, copper from 1.5 to 3.0 wt. %, boron from 0.0015 to 0.0050 wt. %, ______________________________________and the balance being iron and incidental impurities, to prepare an Ni-Fe alloy sheet; then subjecting the alloy sheet to a first cold-rolling at a reduction ratio of from 50 to 98%; then subjecting the alloy sheet to a first annealing in a temperature of from 780.degree. to 950.degree. C.; then subjecting the alloy sheet to a second cold-rolling at a reduction ratio of from 75 to 98%; and then subjecting the alloy sheet to a second annealing in a temperature of from 950.degree. to 1,200.degree. C.; thereby imparting an excellent DC magnetic property and an excellent AC magnetic property to the alloy sheet.

Abstract: A metal-metal matrix composite magnet including a magnetic material such as a neodymium-iron-boron magnetic phase bonded by a metal matrix, preferably copper an a method of making the magnet which involves plating a thin metal layer, for example, a layer having a thickness of less than 1000 angstrom average, from a magnetic phase, pressing the powder, with or without magnetic alignment, into the desired shape and then sintering the pressed powder at a temperature below about 400.degree. C.

Abstract: A method is provided for domain refinement of electrical sheet products, such as grain-oriented silicon steel and amorphous magnetic materials, by subjecting at least one surface of the steel to an electron beam treatment to produce narrow substantially parallel bands of treated regions separated by untreated regions substantially transverse to the direction of strip manufacture to improve core loss without damaging the surface or any coating thereon.

Abstract: A passive ferromagnetic material is transformed into a permanent magnet with more than double the existing energy product or "strength" by encasing a bar of the passive ferromagnetic material in an annular shell of superconductive material at a temperature above the transition temperature of the superconductive material, placing the encased ferromagnetic material into an axial magnetic field providing sufficient oersteds to magnetize the passive ferromagnetic material thereby enclosing a large amount of flux in the superconducting shell, lowering the temperature to below the transition temperature of the superconductive material whereupon all of the enclosed flux is permanently trapped, and removing the axial magnetic field.

Abstract: A method is provided for heat resistant domain refinement of texture annealed and insulation coated grain-oriented silicon steel strip and amorphous magnetic materials by subjecting at least one surface of the steel to an electron beam treatment to produce permanent defects to effect domain refinement with narrow substantially parallel bands of treated regions separated by untreated regions substantially transverse to the direction of strip manufacture.

Abstract: Hot worked, fine grain, permanent magnets of the iron-neodymium-boron type can be demagnetized by heating in air for a period of minutes at a temperature in the range of 100.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. above their Curie temperature without significant loss of coercivity.

Abstract: An improved method for the manufacture of hardened railroad rails comprises the steps of forming a railroad rail from an alloy steel of a preselected chemical composition, force cooling the rail from a preselected cooling start temperature above about the austenite-to-ferrite transformation temperature, terminating the force cooling when the temperature of rail reaches a preselected cooling stop temperature, and before a substantial volume fraction of the austenite in the rail head has transformed to pearlite, and holding the rail under substantially isothermal conditions until the austenite-to-pearlite transformation is complete. The chemical composition of the alloy steel is selected such that the austenite-to-pearlite reaction occurs earlier in time than the austenite-to-bainite reaction under the substantially isothermal conditions. The use of this method makes avoidance of bainite easier to achieve, so relatively simple and inexpensive process control equipment can be utilized.