Abstract: Improved, high strength, fatigue crack-resistant nickel-base alloys for use at elevated temperatures are disclosed. The alloys are suitable for use as turbine disks in gas turbine engines of the type used in jet engines, or for use as hub sections of dual alloy turbine disks for advanced turbine engines, maintaining stability at engine operating temperatures up to about 1500.degree. F. The alloy is characterized by a microstructure having an average grain size of from about 10 microns to 20 microns. Coarse and fine intragranular gamma prime particles are distributed throughout the grains, of sizes 0.15-0.2 microns and 15 nanometers, respectively. The grain boundaries are substantially free of gamma prime, but have carbides and borides. A method for achieving the desired properties in such turbine disks is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel nickel base single crystal alloy compositions consisting essentially of, by weight, about 4.0-10.0% chromium, 1.5-6.0% cobalt, 1.0-12.0% molybdenum, 3.0-10.0% tungsten, 2.5-7.0% titanium, 2.5-7.0% aluminum, 3.0-10.0% tantalum, about 0.02%-1.5% of hafnium and/or about 0.02%-1.0% silicon, from about 0.02%-1.0% each of yttrium and/or lanthanum, from about 0.3% to about 8.0% rhenium; from about 0.2% to about 4.0% vanadium and/or from about 0.2% to about 4.0% niobium; from about 0.02% to about 3% platinum; from about 0 to about 1.0% boron, the balance nickel, and the balance nickel.Methods of thermal treatment and coating of the novel alloys to enhance their mechanical properties are also disclosed, as are articles produced by such methods.

Abstract: A single crystal nickel-base superalloy is disclosed having an improved incipient melting temperature and oxidation resistance. The single crystal nickel-base alloy of this invention is characterized by specific addition of chromium, tungsten, aluminum and tantalum to produce an alloy having moderate high temperature strength and improved oxidation resistance and incipient melting temperature. The nominal composition of our new single crystal alloy (in weight percent) is 10-15% Cr, 0-4% Co, 6-8.5% W, 6-7% Al, 0-1% Ti, 2-6% Ta, and the balance nickel.

Abstract: A nickel base superalloy for columnar grain, directional solidification which contains Re for strength and creep resistance, and substantially eliminates the use of Zr and minimizes Si to prevent DS grain boundary cracking. The creep- and stress-rupture properties, which approach nickel base superalloy single crystal performance, are achieved without the use of high temperature gamma prime solution treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides an alloy having improved crack growth inhibition and having high strength at high temperature. The composition of the alloy is essentially as follows:______________________________________ Ingredient Concentration in Weight % ______________________________________ Ni balance Co 8 Cr 13 Mo 4 Al 3.5 Ti 2.5 Ta 5.6 Nb 1.9 Zr 0.06 C 0.05 B 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides an alloy having improved crack growth inhibition and having high strength at high temperatures. The composition of the alloy is essentially as follows:______________________________________ Ingredient Concentration in weight 5 ______________________________________ Ni balance Co 15 Cr 10 Mo 3 Al 5.5 Ti 2.25 Ta 2.70 Nb 1.35 Zr 0.06 V 1 C 0.05 B 0.03.

Abstract: A nickel-based superalloy is provided which is resistant to deterioration in hydrogen at high operating temperatures and pressures, and which thus can be used in hydrogen-fueled spacecraft such as the Space Shuttle. The superalloy is characterized by a two-phase microstructure and consists of a gamma-prime precipitated phase in a gamma matrix. The gamma matrix phase is a primary solid solution and the gamma precipitated phase will be an intermetallic compound of the type A.sub.3 B, such as nickel aluminide or titanide. Both phases are coherent, ordered, and compatible, and thus will retain most of their strength at elevated temperatures. The alloy consists essentially of (by weight):______________________________________ Ni 50-60% Cr 10-20% Al 2-6% Co 2-5% Ti 3-8% W 5-12% Mo 5-10% Nb 1-3% ______________________________________wherein the ratio W/MO is approximately equal to 1, and Ti/Al ranges from about 1 to about 2.

Abstract: A nickel-chromium alloy exhibiting enhanced stress rupture strength and grain size stability at elevated temperatures up to about 1260.degree. (2300.degree. F.) due to the affirmative formation of M.sub.6 C carbide within the alloy. The alloy is especially useful for turbine and engine applications.

Abstract: The specification discloses nickel aluminide alloys including nickel, aluminum, chromium, zirconium and boron wherein the concentration of zirconium is maintained in the range of from about 0.05 to about 0.35 atomic percent to improve the ductility, strength and fabricability of the alloys at 1200.degree. C. Titanium may be added in an amount equal to about 0.2 to about 0.5 atomic percent to improve the mechanical properties of the alloys and the addition of a small amount of carbon further improves hot fabricability.

Abstract: A novel, nickel-base, high temperature alloy body preferably containing about 20% chromium, 6 to 7% aluminum to provide phase, 1.5 to 2.5% molybdenum, 3 to 4.5% tungsten, additional strengthening elements and oxidic yttrium in finely dispersed form. The alloy body has an elongated crystal structure and is characterized by high strength along with excellent hot corrosion and oxidation resistance.

Abstract: Oxide-dispersion-hardened superalloy based on nickel, which is composed of the following main constituents:______________________________________ Cr = 5-13.95 percent by weight or 14.05-22 percent by weight Al = 2.5-7 percent by weight Mo = 0-2 percent by weight W = 0-15 percent by weight Ta = 0-7 percent by weight Hf = 0-1 percent by weight Ti = 0-3 percent by weight Zr = 0.02-0.2 percent by weight Co = 0-10 percent by weight C = 0-0.2 percent by weight Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 = 1-2 percent by weight Ni = Remainder, ______________________________________and which additionally contains boron in a content of 0.026 to 0.3 percent by weight.A process for extending the temperature range of the secondary recrystallization of an oxide-dispersion-hardened nickel-base superalloy of the above composition during coarse-grain annealing and during the production of a monocrystal with a cross section of at least 5 cm.sup.2 by doping with a boron content of at least 0.011 percent by weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides an alloy having improved crack growth inhibition and having high strength at high temperature. The composition of the alloy is essentially as follows:______________________________________ Concentration in Weight % Claimed Composition Ingredient From To ______________________________________ Ni balance Co 4 12 Cr 7 13 Mo 2 6 Al 3.0 6.0 Ti 3.5 5.0 Ta 2.0 4.0 Nb 1.0 3.0 Re 0.0 3.0 Hf 0.0 0.75 Zr 0.0 0.10 V 0.0 3.0 C 0.0 0.20 B 0.0 0.10 W 0.0 1.0 Y 0.0 0.

Abstract: A method for the densification of a shaped nickel base single crystal alloy article utilizing a pre-HIP, an improved hot isostatic pressing (HIP) step, and post-HIP solution heat treatment to enhance removal of casting porosity in a finished article.

Abstract: A member adapted for use under a stress in an atmosphere of a temperature below the creep temperature and made from an Ni base alloy having a high resistance to stress corrosion cracking. The Ni alloy consists essentially of, by weight, 15 to 25% of Cr, 1 to 8% of Mo, 0.4 to 2% of Al, 0.7 to 3% of Ti, 0.7 to 4.5% of Nb and the balance Ni, and has an austenite matrix in which precipitated is at least one of .gamma.' phase and .gamma." phase. The member can suitably used as parts which are subjected to pure water in nuclear reactor.

Abstract: A heat treatment of alloy 617 generally including 732.degree. C.-927.degree. C. (1350.degree. F.-1700.degree. F.) for about one hour. The resultant discontinuous carbide network in the grain boundaries inhibits stress corrosion crack growth in polythionic acid environments.

Abstract: A process for producing a single crystal object made of a nickel-base, O.D.S., gamma prime strengthened alloy which involves diffusion bonding a seed crystal to a mass of such alloy in recrystallizable state and thereafter zone annealing to grow a single crystal through the mass of alloy.

Abstract: An hard ornamental alloy can be obtained by subjecting a nickel-base alloy to cold working, warm working or both workings at a working reduction of 35% or above and then subjecting it to hot working at 800.degree. to 1000.degree. C. and at a strain rate of from 10.sup.-5 S.sup.-1 to 10.degree.S.sup.-1.

Abstract: A method for producing a single crystal of chromium is disclosed, comprising sintering a chromium molding to thereby apply thereto a thermal strain and heat treating the resulting thermally strained chromium molding. The method achieves high efficiency of crystal growth and produces a single-crystal chromium molding of complicated shape.

Abstract: Nickel base superalloys having properties equal to or better than alloys currently used in gas turbine engines are described. Preferably, the alloys of the present invention are cast into single crystals.

Abstract: A method of making a work-strengthenable alloy which includes a gamma prime phase which method comprises forming a melt comprising the following elements in percent by weight:______________________________________ molybdenum 6-16 chromium 13-25 iron 0-23 nickel 10-55 carbon 0-0.05 boron 0-0.05 cobalt balance, at least 20, ______________________________________said alloy also containing one or more elements which form gamma prime phase with nickel, the electron vacancy number, N.sub.v, of the alloy being defined byN.sub.v =0.61 Ni+1.71 Co+2.66 Fe+4.66 Cr+5.66 Mowherein the respective chemical symbols represent the effective atomic fractions of the respective elements present in the alloy, said value not exceeding the valueN.sub.v =2.82-0.017 W.sub.Fe,where W.sub.Fe is the percent by weight of iron in the alloy for those alloys containing no iron or less than 13 percent by weight iron and W.sub.

Abstract: For use in making components which are required to have a very high resistance to uniform corrosion and against pitting and crevice corrosion under very highly corrosive conditions encountered in up to date chemical process technology and environmental protection technology, for instance, in flue gas desulfurizing plants for concentrating sulfuric acid, and which are required to be manufactured satisfactorily by conventional hot and cold forming processes an alloy is employed which contains (in % by weight) 22.0 to 24.0 chromium, 15.0 to 16.5 molybdenum, up to 0.3% tungsten, up to 1.5% iron, up to 0.4% vanadium, 0.1 to 0.4% aluminum, 0.001 to 0.04% magnesium and 0.001 to 0.01 calcium, balance nickel and inevitable accompanying elements and impurities.

Abstract: A nickel base superalloy composition useful in the cast+HIP+heat treated condition is described. Articles having the invention composition have properties which are significantly better than similarly processed IN718 articles. This is achieved by modifying the chromium, columbium, and titanium contents in the alloy composition, relative to the IN718 composition.

Abstract: A novel alloy is provided having approximately the following ingredient formula:______________________________________ Element Composition in weight % ______________________________________ Ni balance Cr 16 Co 18 Mo 5.00 W 5.00 Al 2.50 Ti 3.00 Nb 3.00 Zr 0.05 B 0.01 C 0.075 ______________________________________The alloy has a low solvus temperature for the .gamma.' precipitate thus facilitating metal processing and treatment and also forging of the metal. Fatigue crack propagation rate is remarkably low for metal samples cooled at rates of 20.degree. C./min to 200.degree. C./min.

Abstract: Compositions and articles are described which have particular utility in gas turbine engine parts and which can be used at temperatures up to and in excess of 2,000.degree. F. without the usual protective coatings. Compositions are described which can be formed into single crystal articles which are alumina formers upon exposure to oxidation and in which develop an adherent spall resistant alumina scale during oxidation. The adherence and spall resistance of the alumina surface scale results from the presence of a small but critical quantity of zirconium.

Abstract: A structural part for use in high temperature aqueous medium consists of an austenitic nickel-chromium-iron alloy containing by wt. 5 to 10% of iron, 18 to 20% of chromium and more than 60% of nickel. All components of the alloy, but chromium, may be in the standard ranges of well-known and proven alloys, typically 600 and X750 alloy.

Abstract: A mechanically alloyed composition of matter or alloy containing 30-40% chromium, 5-25% cobalt, 0.5-10% iron, 0.2-0.6% aluminum, 0.3-1.2% titanium, up to 0.15% carbon, about 0.2-1% yttria, up to about 0.3% nitrogen, the % titanium being at least about 1.4 times the % nitrogen, minor amounts of optional elements, the balance being essentially nickel. The consolidated and hot worked alloy with coarse grains produced by heat treatment at about 1300.degree. C. is useful in service requiring hot strength along with extraordinary resistance to oxidation, sulfidation and hot corrosive media. Specific utilization of the alloy of the invention is contemplated in handling molten glass and in utensils adapted to be used in contact with molten glass, e.g. spinners.

Abstract: The stress-rupture strength of a nickel-chromium-molybdenum-cobalt alloy is enhanced by reason of a special morphological microsctructure which in terms of carbides present is characterized by a predominant amount of the M.sub.6 C carbide.

Abstract: The present invention provides an alloy having improved crack growth inhibition and having high strength at high temperatures. The composition of the alloy is essentially as follows:______________________________________ Ingredient Concentration in weight % ______________________________________ Ni balance Co 15 Cr 10 Mo 3 Al 4 Ti 3.55 Ta 1.50 Nb 4 Zr 0.06 V 1 C 0.05 B 0.

Abstract: A novel nickel base superalloy is provided. The alloy is unique in having a high enough concentration of .gamma.' strengthening precipitate to provide a valuable set of physical properties and yet retain forgeability properties similar to those of alloys having lower concentration of precipitate.

Abstract: A novel heat treatment of a disk for a jet engine is provided. A temperature gradient is established on the disk to heat the inner portions to a temperature at which a subsolvus anneal takes place and to heat the outer portions to a temperature where a supersolvus anneal takes place. A reverse gradient is established from the inner portions of the disk during cooling after the anneal to cool the inner portions of the disk more rapidly than the outer portions so as to impart high tensile and fatigue strength to the inner portions and high temperature rupture life and crack growth resistance to the outer portions. A novel disk results.

Abstract: A novel alloy is provided having approximately the following ingredient formula:______________________________________ Element Composition in weight % ______________________________________ Ni balance Cr 10.0 Co 15.0 Mo 5.0 W 5.0 Al 3.5 Ti 3.0 Ta 7.2 Zr 0.03 B 0.03 C 0.03. ______________________________________The alloy has a solvus temperature of below 1200.degree. C. Fatigue crack propagation rate is low for metal samples cooled at rates of 50.degree. C./min to 200.degree. C./min. The alloy has uniquely high strength at temperatures at and above 1200.degree. F.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metallic semi-finished product based on iron and/or nickel and/or cobalt and containing 2 to 16% of aluminum, 12 to 30% of chromium and at least one highly reactive element X, in particular from the group consisting of the rare earth metals and/or their dispersed oxides. The characteristic feature of the invention is that metallic columnar crystals are formed at least in the surface region of the semi-finished product and columnar crystals consisting predominantly of aluminum oxide and/or chromium oxide grow out of the said metallic columnar crystals, the axes of the two types of columnar crystals being predominantly at right angles to the geometric surface of the semi-finished product.

Abstract: A high-nickel-chromium iron alloy containing aluminum and titanium is particularly useful under high temperature/oxidizing conditions such as encountered in ceramic tile industry frit-firing applications. The alloy also contains a special percentage of nitrogen as well as zirconium.

Abstract: Nickel-base alloys containing special and correlated percentages of chromium, iron, molybdenum, titanium, columbium, aluminum etc. (i) provide an attractive combination of strength, ductility, resistance to environmental media and other desirable characteristics, (ii) can be processed by cold working and age hardening to achieve yield strengths of 150,000 psi (1034 MPa) to 200,000 psi (1379 MPa) together with tensile elongations of 10% to 20%, (iii) are resistant to such corrosive media as hydrogen sulphide and acid chloride solutions, and to hydrogen embittlement, and (iv) are useful for, inter alia, petroleum production tubing and sulfur dioxide gas scrubber applications.

Abstract: An oxidation resistant nickel-chromium based alloy possessing good stress rupture characteristics at elevated temperature and, in addition to nickel and chromium, containing correlated percentages of aluminum, titanium, nitrogen, carbon, etc.

Abstract: Oxide dispersion strengthened alloys containing 5-9% chromium, 5-7% aluminum, 5-9% tungsten, 1-3% molybdenum, 1-5% tantalum, 0-1.5% titanium, 0-10% cobalt, 1-4% rhenium, 0.1-2% yttrium, small amounts of boron and zirconium as required, balance essentially nickel display excellent lives to rupture under load at intermediate high temperatures of about 850.degree. C.

Abstract: A low density nickel based superalloy having good creep characteristics w hot, and intended in particular for making turbomachine parts by monocrystalline solidification, wherein the composition of the alloy in percentages by weight is as follows:______________________________________ Co: 5% to 7% Cr: 5% to 10% Mo: 0.5% to 2.5% W: 3% to 5% Al: 6% to 7.5% Ti: 1.5% to 2.25% Nb: 0% to 0.5% Ta: 2% to 4% V: 0.3% to 0.6% Ni: balance to 100%. ______________________________________Parts, e.g. turbomachine blades, made from the alloy.

Abstract: A process is described for converting a fine grain superalloy casting into a forging having mechanical properties equivalent to those resulting from powder metallurgy processing. Cast material is extruded and forged. A HIP treatment is employed to close porosity.

Abstract: A nickel- or cobalt-based alloy of the type containing, by weight, 5 to 40% chromium, up to about 10% aluminum, up to about 10% titanium, up to about 30%, in combination, of elements from the group tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, columbium, rhenium, or vanadium, up to about 2% silicon, up to about 5% hafnium, and up to about 5% reactive elements such as lanthanum, yttrium or other rare earths. Manganese is present in an amount from 0.1 to 12%, preferably 0.5 to 4%. Silicon in amounts from 1.0 to 2.0 by weight, or hafnium in amounts from 0.1 to 5.0% by weight may also be used. Alloys in accordance with this invention are particularly suitable for casting by the single crystal technique; however, the alloys can also be used in the production of polycrystalline components such as directionally solidified, conventionally solidified (equiaxed), wrought, or dispersion strengthened materials. In the latter case, grain boundary modifiers such as carbon, boron, zirconium and hafnium are utilized.

Abstract: A carburization-resistant alloy comprising in weight percent about 50 to about 55% nickel, about 16 to 22% chromium, about 3 to about 4.5% aluminum, up to about 5% cobalt, up to about 5% molybdenum, up to about 2% tungsten, about 0.03 to about 0.3% carbon, up to about 0.2% rare earth element, balance essentially iron. The alloy is useful for structures, objects, parts etc. which are exposed in use to carburizing atmospheres and which, periodically are subjected to oxidizing atmospheres. For example the alloys are useful for pyrolysis tubes used in the petrochemical industry which must periodically be subjected to oxidizing atmospheres to burn-out carbon deposits and which, during pyrolysis are in contact with atmospheres having log Po.sub.2 spanning at least the range of -17 to -26 and which exist at various temperatures.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing nickel-iron-chromium alloys for use with recuperators. A combination of intermediate annealing, cold working and final annealing results in an alloy having a greater yield strength than a corresponding solution annealed material. The resultant alloy exhibits an isotropic structure and has high corrosion resistance, a low coefficient of expansion and high levels of ductility and strength.

Abstract: A class of protected coatings for superalloys is described in which the coatings compositions are based on the compositions of the underlying substrate. By tailoring the coatings to the substrate composition, diffusional stability results and the other mechanical properties of the coating such as coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus, are similar to that of the substrate. The coating contains 7.5-11% Al, 9-16% Cr, 0.1-0.5% Hf, 2-8% Ta, 0.01-0.8% Y, balance Ni along with other elements all chosen to be similar in type and quantity to the substrate composition.

Abstract: A nickel base superalloy composition useful in the cast+HIP+heat treated condition is described. Articles having the invention composition have properties which are comparable to similarly processed IN718 articles. The invention alloys have an as-cast microstructure which is substantially free from Laves phase, even at slow solidification rates. As a result, the alloys are significantly more weldable than IN718. This desirable microstructure is achieved by modifications of the chromium, molybdenum, iron, and nickel contents compared to the typical IN718 composition.

Abstract: A nickel-chromium-molybdenum base alloy characterised by exceptional structural stability when exposed at temperatures upwards of 1800.degree. F. for prolonged periods of time, such as 10,000 hours.

Abstract: A method of hot isostatically pressing a cast material by heating the material to an elevated temperature, exposing the material to a pressure below the pressure which will cause void closure in the material, subsequent to the material reaching the elevated temperature, applying a predetermined high pressure to the material, and subjecting the material to elevated temperature and pressure to densify the material without inducing significant recrystallization in the material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for treating the surface of super alloys, notably nickel-base alloys, with thin cross sections, in preparation for brazing processes. The super alloy is heat treated in a partial pressure of oxygen at a temperature less than about 1975.degree. F. but above the engineering solvus temperature of gamma prime intermetallics followed by a rapid cooling step. The resultant alloy is thereby provided with a surface that has improved brazability.

Abstract: A nickel-chromium alloy excellent in a stress corrosion cracking resistance which is obtained by carrying out an annealing treatment under specific conditions, said alloy having the following composition:______________________________________ in terms of % by weight, ______________________________________ 0.04% or less of C; 1.0% or less of Si; 1.0% or less of Mn; 0.030% or less of P; 0.02% or less of S; 40 to 70% of Ni; 25 to 35% of Cr; 0.1 to 0.5% of Al; 0.05 to 1.0% of Ti; 0.5 to 5.0% in all of one or more of Mo, W and V, and ______________________________________the residue comprising substantially Fe. A nickel-chromium alloy further including 0.2 to 5.0% of Nb subject to Ti=0.2 to 1.0% and Nb/C=10 to 125.

Abstract: A heat treatment is described for producing a desired microstructure in Hastelloy Alloy X components which have small diameter, closely spaced, laser pierced holes therein. The heat treatment produces a small grain size and discontinuous carbide morphology in the component prior to the hole piercing operation, which reduces the propensity for cracking which has been found to be associated with the hole piercing operation. After the piercing operation, the component is heat treated again to increase the grain size and produce a microstructure which provides the optimum balance of creep strength and fatigue strength.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing a fine-grain ingot are disclosed. A feedstock stick is melted to produce a series of fully molten drops or a stream, which falls on the upper surface of an ingot being formed, to cover a portion thereof which is substantially less than the ingot's total upper surface. The mold is moved laterally with respect to the feedstock stick at a rate which is high enough so that the molten metal impinges upon different portions of the ingot's upper surface but which is low enough to prevent a substantial centrifugally outward flow of the metal impinging on the upper surface of the ingot. The molten metal melt rate is so selected that the impact region on the ingot's upper surface is at or below the solidus temperature of the alloy and above a temperature at which metallurgical bonding with the successive impinging metal can occur.

Abstract: A solid solution, nonmagnetic, austenitic nickel base alloy class is described. It contains: about 12 to 21 weight percent chromium; a concentration of molybdenum and/or tungsten, such that the sum of the weight percent molybdenum and one third the weight percent tungsten present is between 1 and 7 weight percent and wherein the w % tungsten is less than 12 w %; about 4 to 13 w % iron; small but effective amounts of the desulfurizing agent, manganese; and up to about 2.5 w % silicon. Carbon may be present at levels up to 0.15 w % and cobalt may be present at levels up to 2 w %. The above elements are balanced to provide alloys having a mean thermal expansion coefficient, .alpha..sub.(RT-T), for T.ltoreq.1000.degree. F., of less than 8.3.times.10.sup.-6 in./in./.degree.F., and preferably less than 8.times.10.sup.-6 in./in./.degree.F.In addition, a precipitation hardening, non-magnetic, austenitic nickel base alloy class is also described.