Abstract: Disclosed is a sheet for forming metal wires and method of forming the metal wires using the same. A plate for forming the metal wires having an engraved pattern for forming a plurality of trenches and an engraved pattern for forming a plurality of via holes. An insulating film pattern in which the trenches and the via holes are shaped is obtained using the plate. Also, a metal is buried into the trenches and the via holes by means of a damascene process to form upper metal wires electrically connected to lower metal wires. In the present invention, photolithography and etch processes are not employed. For this reason, reduction in the yield and reliability due to defects occurring in the photolithography and etch processes is prevented. Furthermore, the process steps are reduced to reduce the production cost and to improve productivity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a brazing sheet product comprising a core metal sheet, on at least one side of the core sheet a clad layer of an aluminium brazing alloy comprising silicon in an amount in the range of 4 to 14% by weight, and further comprising on at least one outersurface of the clad layer a coated layer of iron-X alloy, wherein X is selected from one or more members of the group consisting of tin, zinc, manganese, and copper, and such that the clad layer and all layers exterior thereto form a metal filler for a brazing operation and having a composition with the proviso that the mol-ratio of Fe:X is in the range of 10:(03 to 6). The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a brazing product, and to a brazed assembly comprising at least one component made of this brazing product.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a mesh screen of an electrodeless lighting system, capable of intercepting microwave and passing light generated in a bulb, including a mesh screen forming step for forming a mesh screen to have a mesh structure, a first plating step for plating first metal substance on the surface of the mesh screen, a vacuum heat-treating step for vacuum-heat-treating the mesh screen under the condition that the temperature is risen to a predetermined degree, a second plating step for plating second metal substance on the surface of the mesh screen and a photocatalytic coating step for coating photocatalytic substance on the surface of the mesh screen, can improve plating characteristic of the mesh screen, strengthen the maintenance strength, lengthen the life span of the mesh screen and improve the optical character.

Abstract: A coated member comprising a substrate of Mo, Ta, W, Zr or carbon and a coating of rare earth-containing oxide including a surface layer having a Vickers hardness of at least 50; or a coated member comprising a substrate having a coefficient of linear expansion of at least 4×10−6 (1/K) and a coating of rare earth-containing oxide thereon is heat resistant and useful as a jig for use in the sintering of powder metallurgical metal, cermet and ceramic materials.

Abstract: A process is provided for the selective metallization of 3D structures, particularly for the selective gold-plating of 3D contact structures on wafers, such as contact bumps, which are electrically connected to a bond pad on the wafer via a three-dimensional, mechanically flexible structure in the form of a redistribution layer, for subsequent electrical connection to a carrier element, e.g., a printed circuit board. The process is intended to considerably simplify the process sequence. The metallization of the previously prepared 3D structures on the wafer is carried out electrochemically, under current or potential control, by the structures being partially immersed in an electrolyte with a fixed surface. The electrolyte can be covered with a membrane which is permeable to the corresponding ions, or alternatively a gel electrolyte may be used.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet which is excellent in adhesion with a hot-dip galvanized zinc layer, and has high tensile strength and good formability even when a steel sheet containing Si and Mn in relatively larger amounts is used as a basis steel sheet. The hot-dip galvanized steel sheet is composed of: a basis steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.05 to 2.5% and Mn in an amount of 0.2 to 3%, by mass; a Fe plated layer formed on the basis steel sheet; and a hot-dip galvanized zinc layer formed on the surface layer of the basis steel sheet via the Fe plated layer, wherein oxides containing Si and/or Mn are discontinuously dispersed in the vicinity of the interface between the basis steel sheet and the Fe plated layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for annealing copper. The method comprises forming a copper layer by electroplating on a substrate in an integrated processing system and annealing the copper layer in a chamber inside the integrated processing system.

Abstract: A process of forming a ceramic coating on a component. The process generally entails placing the component in a coating chamber containing oxygen and an inert gas, heating a surface of the component to a temperature of about 100 to about 150° C., and then generating a metal vapor from at least one metal target using a microwave-stimulated, oxygen-containing sputtering technique. The metal vapor is then caused to condense on the component surface to form a metal layer, after which the metal layer is treated with a microwave-stimulated plasma to oxidize the metal layer and form an oxide layer having a columnar microstructure. The generating, condensing and treating steps can be repeated any number of times to form multiple oxide layers that together constitute the ceramic coating.

Abstract: A method for electroplated metal annealing process. First, a semiconductor structure is provided, wherein the semiconductor structure have a plurality semiconductor components, such as a gate electrode, a source region and a drain region, and a field oxide region. Second, a dielectric layer is formed over the semiconductor structure, and a via which exposes a part of the semiconductor structure is formed in the dielectric layer by the use of the conventional lithographic and etching process, and an electroplated metal layer is formed over the dielectric layer; meanwhile, the via is filled with the electroplated metal layer. The electroplated metal layer then is annealed by a NH3 plasma process performed by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD).

Abstract: Titanium resistant to discoloration in an atmospheric environment characterized by having an average carbon concentration of 14 at % or less in a range to a depth of 100 nm from the surface and having an oxide film of a thickness of 12 to 40 nm at its surface. Titanium resistant to discoloration in an atmospheric environment characterized in that, in X-ray diffraction of its surface, a ratio (X1/X2) of a (200) peak intensity X1 of TiC to a (110) peak intensity X2 of titanium is not more than 0.18 and by having an oxide film of a thickness of 12 to 40 nm at its surface.

Abstract: Embodiments of the described method include (a) forming a core comprising a lead alloy, (b) applying copper or a copper alloy to at least a portion of an exterior surface of the core to form a jacketed bullet, (c) heating the jacketed bullet at a pre-selected temperature for a period of time sufficient to simultaneously harden the core and stress-relieve the copper jacket, and, optionally, (d) reworking a selected portion of the heat-treated bullet by mechanical reforming or annealing to lower the hardness of the reworked portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing band-shaped steel for components which are produced by drawing and ironing. The invention also relates to a steel band which can be drawn or ironed and which has been produced by the inventive method. The hot strip is cold-worked in one or more steps at a ratio of the cold roll of at least 86%. Furthermore, at least one side of the band material is provided with a galvanically produced coating containing Ni, Co, Cu, Fe, Sn, In, Pd, Bi and/or the alloys thereof or with a roll-bonded coating containing Cu and/or brass and/or the alloys thereof. The aim of the invention is to carry out the inventive method with the fewest processing steps possible and with low production costs. The method therefore comprises the steps: etching, cold rolling in one or two steps, annealing the coiled band (coil-annealing), optionally rerolling the band. The hot strip preferably contains boron with a percentile of 0.0013 and 0.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided in accordance with embodiments of the present invention for heat-treating electrical contacts. The method and apparatus include plating a core wire with at least one conductive coating to form an electrical contact that experiences internal stresses. The method and apparatus further include induction heating the electrical contact for a predetermined period of time to at least partially relieve the internal stresses. A plurality of electrical contacts may be mounted on a substrate that is held near induction coils to cause heating. The electrical contacts may be formed with spring shaped bodies that are aligned at a desired orientation within magnetic fields created during induction heating. In accordance with at least one embodiment of the present invention, different portions of each electrical contact may be annealed by different desired amounts.

Abstract: We have discovered that the formation of particulate inclusions at the surface of an aluminum alloy article, which inclusions interfere with a smooth transition from the alloy surface to an overlying aluminum oxide protective film can be controlled by maintaining the content of mobile impurities within a specific range and controlling the particulate size and distribution of the mobile impurities and compounds thereof; by heat-treating the aluminum alloy at a temperature less than about 330° C.; and by creating the aluminum oxide protective film by employing a particular electrolytic process. When these factors are taken into consideration, an improved aluminum oxide protective film is obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing an aluminium or aluminium alloy joined product, such as a shaped and hollow member, comprising the sequential steps of: (a) providing two parts made of aluminium or aluminium alloy, each part having a peripheral flange; (b) positioning the two parts such that the peripheral flange of one part faces the peripheral flange of the other part to form an assembly, and joining the facing flanges of the two parts by heating.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aluminium brazing product, such as a brazing sheet product, having a substrate (1) of an aluminium alloy comprising silicon in an amount in the of 2 to 18% by weight, and on at least one outer surface a layer (2) comprising nickel, wherein a separately deposited layer (3) is applied on one side of the layer (2) comprising nickel and the layer (3) comprising a metal such that taken together the aluminium base substrate (1) and all layers exterior thereto form a metal filler having a liquidus temperature in the range of 490 to 570° C., and preferably in the range of 510 to 550° C. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a brazing product and to a brazed assembly comprising at least one component made of the brazing sheet product.

Abstract: A steel for forming a high strength steel sheet contains, in mass %, C: at most 0.04%, Si: at most 0.4%, Mn: 0.5-3.0%, P: at most 0.15%, S: at most 0.03%, Al: at most 0.50%, N: at most 0.01%, and Mo: 0.01-1.0%. Steel sheet formed from the steel is suitable for use as automotive panels.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a mesh screen of an electrodeless lighting system, capable of intercepting microwave and passing light generated in a bulb, including a mesh screen forming step for forming a mesh screen to have a mesh structure, a first plating step for plating first metal substance on the surface of the mesh screen, a vacuum heat-treating step for vacuum-heat-treating the mesh screen under the condition that the temperature is risen to a predetermined degree, a second plating step for plating second metal substance on the surface of the mesh screen and a photocatalytic coating step for coating photocatalytic substance on the surface of the mesh screen, can improve plating characteristic of the mesh screen, strengthen the maintenance strength, lengthen the life span of the mesh screen and improve the optical character.

Abstract: The present invention provides for an etch and mar resistant low VOC clear coating composition most suitable for use as a top clear coat in multi-layered OEM or refinish automotive coatings. The coating composition includes isocyanate, carbonate and melamine components. The isocyanate component includes an aliphatic polyisocyanate. The composition may be formulated as a two-pack or one-pack coating composition, wherein the isocyanate functionalities are blocked with a blocker such as a mono-alcohol.

Abstract: A hot worked steel material, such as a bar, or tube, has a surface layer improving its fatigue strength despite the non-metallic inclusions which it may contain, or the cracks which it may have. The surface layer is formed by heating a nickel layer on the steel surface to cause the diffusion of nickel therethrough.

Abstract: A purpose of the present invention is to provide a surface treated steel sheet for a battery container having an excellent anti-alkaline characteristic and a performance for maintaining a discharging level for a long time, a battery container and a product method thereof. In the present invention, after forming a nickel-bismuth alloy layer on a steel sheet, the steel sheet is thermally treated at 300° C. to 650° C. in an inactive gas or a deoxidizing gas for 240 to 600 min so that an iron-nickel diffused layer and nickel-bismuth diffused layer are formed at each boundary surface. A battery is produced by utilizing a battery container made of a steel sheet on which one or more than layers selected from a group of an iron-nickel diffused layer, a nickel layer, a nickel-bismuth diffused layer, an iron-nickel-bismuth alloy layer is formed on the steel sheet.

Abstract: A method for preparing a coated nickel-base superalloy article reduces the sulfur content of the surface region of the metallic coating layers to low levels, thereby improving the adhesion of the coating layers to the article. The method includes depositing a first layer of platinum overlying the surface of a substrate, depositing a second layer of aluminum over the platinum, and final desulfurizing the article by heating the article to elevated temperature, preferably in hydrogen, and removing a small amount of material from the surface that was exposed during the step of heating. A ceramic layer may be deposited over the desulfurized article. The article may also be similarly desulfurized at other points in the fabrication procedure.

Abstract: An improved implantable hearing aid apparatus and related method of manufacture are disclosed. The inventive apparatus and method utilize electrodeposition techniques to yield enhanced sealing of implanted componentry. In one embodiment an inventive apparatus comprises at least first and second implantable hearing aid component housing members having at least one electrodeposited layer overlapping adjacent portions of the housing members to provide a hermetic seal therebetween. In another embodiment an inventive apparatus comprises an implantable hearing aid component housing member formed via electrodeposition having a plurality of electrodeposited layers, wherein at least two adjacent ones of the layers comprise differing materials (e.g. to yield enhanced functional characteristics). By way of primary example, a hollow bellows of any implantable middle ear actuator may be formed via the sequential electrodeposition of multiple layers on a shaped mandrel which is then selectively removed (e.g.

Abstract: An electronic component includes external electrodes formed on a base member, each external electrode including a plurality of layers of which the outermost layer is a tin plating layer. The tin plating layer has a polycrystalline structure, and atoms of a metal other than tin are diffused into the tin crystal grain boundaries. Alternatively, each external electrode includes a plurality of layers including a thick-film electrode formed on the base member, a nickel layer or a nickel alloy layer formed on the thick-film electrode and a tin plating layer formed on the nickel layer or the nickel alloy layer. The tin plating layer has a polycrystalline structure and nickel atoms are diffused into the tin crystal grain boundaries. Methods for fabricating electronic components and a circuit board provided with a plurality of electronic components are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are disclosed for preventing the oxidative corrosion of metal surfaces by exposing a metal surface to an anti-corrosion agent characterized as 2,4-trans, trans-hexadienoic acid (2,4-HDA), its alkali salt identified as potassium sorbate (KHDA), or other derivatives that conserve or embody the 2,4-trans, trans-hexadiene-type moiety present in their molecular structures as an active anti-corrosion agent (ACA), in combination with a material capable of forming a moisture retentive barrier over the metal surface.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing a metal foil consisting of several metals in which at least one galvanic bath of several different bath types is prepared. Each bath type contains an electrolyte solution suitable for the deposition of one of the metals involved. A layer stack is then formed for the metal foil by successive alternate galvanic deposition of one layer at a time of the metals contained in the various bath types, on the circumference of a rotating deposition roller which is wired as a cathode in the corresponding galvanic bath. This step is followed by a tempering process that converts the layer stack is converted into a homogeneous alloy of the metals. Thereby, a metal membrane foil is produced for hydrogen separation from a process gas of a methanol reformation system in a fuel-cell-operated motor vehicle.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a mask for a team game is comprised of: heating an aluminum alloy mixed with copper and molybdenum at a temperature between 410° C. to 430° C. for three hours; cooling the alloy at a rate of about 30° C. per hour; cutting the alloy into straight or curved bars; heating the bars at a temperature between 450° C. to 550° C. for one and one half hours; quenching the bars in water after seven seconds have passed; heating the bars at a temperature between 100° C. to 150° C. for 18 hours; cooling in air; forming an unfinished mask by resistance brazing; and treating the unfinished mask to produce the finished mask by anodizing.

Abstract: A minute multilayer film with good characteristics is automatically and continuously formed on an in-line basis at a low production cost. In a sputtering chamber, there is provided a bonded target in which a first Ti member, a first Si member, a second Ti member, a Ta member, and a second Si member are bonded and which acts as a cathode electrode. A power is supplied between a substrate and the bonded target, and a substrate and a substrate holder are moved. With the movement, the substrate successively comes to face the first Ti member, first Si member, second Ti member, Ta member, and second Si member of the bonded target and sputtering is carried out on the substrate. A multilayer thin film of a structure consisting of a TiO2 film, an SiO2 film, a TiO2 film, a Ta2O5 film, and an SiO2 film is formed on a surface of the substrate. The thickness of each layer is adjusted by a film thickness correcting plate interposed between the substrate and the bonded target.

Abstract: This invention is related to a metal-based gradient composite material having good lubrication and wear-resistance properties. The composite material comprises a metal (M) matrix and a gradient composite layer of metal sulfide (M[S]) and metal oxide,(M[O]) on the surface of said metal matrix. In the gradient composite layer,, the sum (Ds+Do) of the concentration of metal sulfide (Ds) and the concentration of metal oxide (Do) decreases gradually from the surface to the interior, and the concentration of metal (DM) increases from the surface to the interior. The invention is also related to a process for producing the gradient composite material and the use of the same.

Abstract: A method is provided for depositing and thermally diffusing a boride or a carbide of a refractory metal on a substrate of a workpiece. A layer of the refractory metal is deposited on the substrate. At least one of the elements boron and carbon is deposited from a source other than the workpiece on the workpiece having the refractory metal layer. The workpiece is heated at a temperature and for a time period sufficient to diffuse at least a portion of the deposited refractory metal into the substrate and at least a portion of the deposited boron or carbon into the refractory metal layer and the substrate to form a substantially uniform and metallurgically bonded layer of the boride or carbide of the refractory metal on the substrate.

Abstract: A nickel-base superalloy article substrate has more nickel than any other element, a reactive element that is hafnium, zirconium, yttrium, lanthanum, or cerium, or combinations thereof, and a nominal bulk composition of carbon. A protective layer is deposited overlying the surface of the article substrate. The depositing of the protective layer includes steps of decarburizing locations where the carbon serves as a barrier to the diffusion of the reactive element from the substrate into the protective layer, and depositing an aluminum-containing protective layer overlying the substrate. The decreasing of the carbon concentration may be accomplished by decarburizing the substrate, depositing a platinum-containing layer and then decarburizing, depositing an aluminum-containing layer in a reducing atmosphere, or decarburizing the deposited protective layer. A ceramic thermal barrier coating may be deposited overlying the protective layer.

Abstract: A method is provided for enhancing to a selected coating range a substantially unused protective coating, including aluminum, on an article surface, for example an airfoil surface of a gas turbine engine turbine blade. The protective coating is enhanced without removing such unused coating. The unused coating is evaluated to identify at least one coating region that deviates from the selected coating range by being deficient in at least one of chemistry and physical condition, for example thickness. At least the coating region is enhanced to the selected coating range by applying over the identified coating region at least one secondary element selected from Pt, Rh, Pd, Cr, Si, Hf, Zr, and Y. At least the coating region is heated to diffuse the secondary element into the protective coating to provide a treated coating region. Then at least the treated coating region is aluminided.

Abstract: A method is provided for depositing and thermally diffusing a boride or a carbide of a refractory metal on a substrate of a workpiece. A layer of the refractory metal is deposited on the substrate. At least one of the elements boron and carbon is deposited from a source other than the workpiece on the workpiece having the refractory metal layer. The workpiece is heated at a temperature and for a time period sufficient to diffuse at least a portion of the deposited refractory metal into the substrate and at least a portion of the deposited boron or carbon into the refractory metal layer and the substrate to form a substantially uniform and metallurgically bonded layer of the boride or carbide of the refractory metal on the substrate.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a corrosion-resistant article includes a metal substrate and a multi-layer resistant coating disposed over the metal substrate. The coating is operable to resist corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement of the metal substrate. The coating includes a first layer comprising a material galvanically similar to the metal substrate. The coating also includes a second layer disposed over the first layer. The second layer comprises a metal anodic to the metal substrate. The corrosion resistant article may also include a corrosion resistant interface layer at the boundary of the first and second layers. The interface layer may be formed by diffusing a portion of the second layer into the first layer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a composition for use as a flux material in a tinplating process, which comprises an aqueous solution of one or more hydroxy phenyl compounds of general formula (I), wherein M=a cationic species, preferably H, substituted or unsubstituted ammonium, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or tin; R=H, C1-C6 linear or branched alkyl, alkoxyl or alkenyl, or aryl (which may be substituted); m=2 or 3; n=0, 1 or 2, the composition containing from about 0.1 g/1 to saturation of said compound of general formula (I). There is also disclosed a process for treating matte tinplate and a process for tinplating using such composition.

Abstract: The strength and wear resistance of a steel component is improved by adhering to it a material of higher strength compatible metal alloy, such as Inconel (RTM) 725 or like precipitation or age hardenable alloy. The higher strength alloy may be adhered by welding, plasma spraying, dip coating or electroplating. The component may be subjected to post-deposition heat treatment which preferably simultaneously softens a heat affected zone in the component and hardens the higher strength material.

Abstract: A nickel-base superalloy article substrate has more nickel than any other element and a nominal bulk composition of carbon. A protective layer is deposited overlying the surface of the article substrate. The protective layer includes aluminum and one or more of the reactive elements hafnium, zirconium, yttrium, lanthanum, and cerium. The depositing of the protective layer includes steps of decarburizing locations where the carbon may serve as a barrier to the mobility of the reactive elements within the protective layer, and depositing an aluminum-containing protective layer overlying the substrate. The decreasing of the carbon concentration may be accomplished. by decarburizing the substrate, depositing a platinum-containing layer and then decarburizing, depositing an aluminum-containing layer in a reducing atmosphere, and/or decarburizing the deposited protective layer. A ceramic thermal barrier coating may be deposited overlying the protective layer.

Abstract: A tin layer and a nickel layer are stacked sequentially on a given substrate to form a multilayered film composed of the tin layer and the nickel layer. Then, the multilayered film is heated to a given temperature to form a tin-nickel alloy film through the diffusion of the tin elements of the tin layer into the nickel layer.

Abstract: A population of extrusion billets has a specification such that every billet is of an alloy of composition (in wt. %) : Fe<0.35; Si 0.20-0.6; Mn<0.10; Mg 0.25-0.9; Cu<0.015; Ti<0.10; Cr<0.10; Zn<0.03; balance Al of commercial purity. After ageing to T5 or T6 temper, extruded sections can be etched and anodized to give extruded matte anodized sections having improved properties.

Abstract: A process for controlling grain growth in the microstructure of thin metal films (e.g., copper or gold) deposited onto a substrate. In one embodiment, the metal film is deposited onto the substrate to form a film having a fine-grained microstructure. The film is heated in a temperature range of 70-100°C. for at least five minutes, wherein the fine-grained microstructure is converted into a stable large-grained microstructure. In another embodiment, the plated film is stored, after the step of depositing, at a temperature not greater than −20° C., wherein the fine-grained microstructure is stabilized without grain growth for the entire storage period.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present process, which is particularly useful for forming bullets from two dissimilar metals and/or alloys that have been bonded together, comprises heat-treating such bullets to simultaneously harden the core and soften the jacket. The process comprises: (a) forming a core comprising a lead alloy; (b) applying a copper or a copper alloy to at least a portion of an exterior surface of the core to form a jacketed bullet; (c) heating the jacketed bullet at a pre-selected temperature for a period of time sufficient to simultaneously harden the core and stress-relieve and perhaps anneal the copper jacket. The process also can include quenching the bullet after heating, such as by immersing it in a suitable quenching fluid. The process also can include aging the bullet after quenching, where aging is continued for a period sufficient to further harden the bullet, such as for about 25 minutes or more.

Abstract: Described is a method of making a heat treated sputtering target and a sputtering target assembly with a prescripitation hardened backing plate diffusion hardened to a sputtering target.

Abstract: A method for filling recessed microstructures at a surface of a microelectronic workpiece, such as a semiconductor wafer, with metallization is set forth. In accordance with the method, a metal layer is deposited into the microstructures with a process, such as an electroplating process, that generates metal grains that are sufficiently small so as to substantially fill the recessed microstructures. The deposited metal is subsequently subjected to an annealing process at a temperature below about 100 degrees Celsius, and may even take place at ambient room temperature to allow grain growth which provides optimal electrical properties. Various novel apparatus for executing unique annealing processes are also set forth.

Abstract: Described is a high quality sputtering target and method of manufacture which involves application of equal channel angular extrusion.

Abstract: A method of improving the oxidation and corrosion resistance of a superalloy article comprises providing a superalloy substrate having a sulphur content which is less than 0.8 ppm by weight, and depositing on the substrate a protective antioxidation coating having a sulphur content also less than 0.8 ppm by weight. A heat barrier layer may also be provided by depositing on the protective anti-oxidation coating a ceramic coating of columnar structure.

Abstract: A sealed cavity microstructure and an associated fabrication method are provided that incorporate both a tight pressure seal and a rugged structural bond. A rugged microstructure device incorporating a pressure-maintained cavity may thereby be fabricated. A vacuum cavity microbolometer is also provided that is fabricated using the associated method. The sealed cavity microstructure and the vacuum cavity microbolometer are thereby adapted to low-cost wafer-scale batch processing.

Abstract: Method for producing a nickel foam having a specific weight of between 200 and 400 g/m2, at least comprising the steps of:

Abstract: A thin sheet is coated by hot dip galvanization with a zinc based alloy comprising 3.5% to 15% by weight of aluminum. Immediately after solidification of the coating, the thin sheet is heated for 2 to 10 seconds to a temperature 20 to 100° C. above the melting point of the coating. The thin sheet is then cooled to room temperature.

Abstract: An aluminum-alloy article such as a fastener is prepared by providing an aluminum-alloy article precursor that is not in its final heat-treated state, and in one form is in its solution treated/annealed state. A curable organic coating material is also provided. The method includes anodizing the article precursor, preferably in chromic acid solution and without chemical sealing during anodizing, applying the organic coating material to the aluminum-alloy article precursor, and precipitation heat-treating the coated aluminum article precursor to its final heat-treated state, thereby simultaneously curing the organic coating. If the aluminum alloy temper is of the naturally aging type, it is optionally lightly deformed prior to precipitation treatment aging.

Abstract: A process for producing a coating for protecting superalloy articles against high temperature oxidation and hot corrosion comprises forming, on the surface of the article, a first deposit of an agglomerated powdered alloy containing at least chromium, aluminum and an active element, and filling the open pores of the powder deposit by a second, electrolytically applied, deposit of a precious platinum group metal. An appropriate thermal treatment is then carried out to effect interdiffusion between the powder based deposit and the electrolytic deposit and produce a coating including chromium, an active element such as yttrium, and a precious platinum group metal throughout its thickness.