Abstract: Ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron includes: 3.1 to 3.5 percent by mass of carbon; 4.1 to 4.5 percent by mass of silicon; 0.8 percent by mass or below of manganese; 0.1 to 0.6 percent by mass of molybdenum; 0.1 to 1.0 percent by mass of chromium; 0.03 to 0.1 percent by mass of phosphorus; 0.03 percent by mass or below of sulfur; 0.02 to 0.15 percent by mass of magnesium; and iron.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing at least one part of a device for mounting directly or indirectly on an arm of an earth-moving or material-handling machine, such as an excavator, tractor, harvester, forwarder or crane, whereby the device enables coupling and/or positioning (tilt and/or turn) of a tool (14), such as a bucket, grapple, fork, vibratory compactor or harvesting head, relatively to the arm of the machine. The method includes the steps of: a) forming a melt including unalloyed or alloyed ductile iron, b) casting at least one part of a device from the melt, c) allowing the at least one part of the device to cool, d) austenitizing the at least one part of the device, e) quenching the at least one part of the device, f) austempering the at least one part of the device, and g) allowing the at least one part of the device to cool.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of making ferritic ductile iron castings (60-40-18) with high toughness (6 ft.lb minimum Charpy V at ?20 F and 10 ft.lb minimum Charpy V at +72 F), without adding Nickel and without annealing.

Abstract: A method by which high temperature properties of a ductile iron alloy, including creep and LCF properties, can be increased for pressure-containing components that are subject to creep and low cycle fatigue. The method comprises modifying the ductile iron alloy to contain 0.4 to 0.8 weight percent molybdenum. A casting of the modified ductile iron alloy is produced and then annealed at a temperature of at least 725° C. for not less than five hours to eliminate carbides and/or stabilize pearlite in the casting. The annealed casting of the modified ductile iron alloy exhibits improved creep resistance and low cycle fatigue properties in comparison to an identical casting of a ductile iron alloy that does not contain molybdenum.

Abstract: An as-cast carbidic ductile iron is provided, having a pearlitic matrix with 5-50% by volume carbides and high wear resistance properties. The as-cast carbidic ductile iron is produced without an austempering heat treatment step. The as-cast carbidic ductile iron preferably includes a carbide stabilizing element and a spheroidizing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inoculant mixture for the treatment of molten cast iron, comprising 5 to 75% by weight of a ferro-silicon alloy of type A where Si/Fe>2, containing 0.005 to 3% by weight of rare earths, 0.005 to 3% bismuth, lead and/or antimony and less than 3% calcium, with a ratio (Bi+Pb+Sb)/TR of between 0.9 and 2.2 and 25 to 95% of at least one alloy of type B, based on silicon or ferro-silicon such that Si/Fe>2, containing calcium to a level such that the total amount of calcium in the mixture is from 0.3 to 3%. The above mixtures have a good granulometric stability over time and provide an efficient inoculation of cast pieces, in particular of thin pieces.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a metallic film consisting of giant single crystal grains is disclosed. The method includes depositing the metallic film on a substrate under an atmosphere of an inert gas and a specified additive gas to change a surface energy, grain boundary energy, or internal strain energy of the metallic film. The method also includes annealing step of the resultant of the deposition at a temperature suitable for the grain growth of the metallic film containing the additive gases. According to the method, the metallic film consisting of giant single crystal grains having a grain size whose ratio of thickness to an average grain size of the film is above 50 can be produced without depending upon the kind of substrate and deposition method.

Abstract: The invention is a malleable iron comprising about 250 to 400 nodules of graphite per square millimeter as observed in a photomicrograph at 100.times., and a Brinell hardness of about 195 to 550 BHN. Preferably, the malleable iron further comprises sulfur and manganese wherein the manganese is present in an excess amount of at least 2 times the amount of sulfur plus 0.15% and is formed by two separate quenching steps. The invention further comprises a method of preparing a malleable iron having a high nodule count comprising the steps of prenucleating a malleable iron casting at a temperature of about 600 to 900.degree. F. for about 3 to 6 hours; austenitizing the prenucleated casting at about 1680 to 1740.degree. F. for about 3 to 9 hours to form graphite nodules such that the malleable iron has about 250 to 400 nodules per mm.sup.2 ; and quenching the casting to form pearlite and a malleable iron made by this process.

Abstract: A method of producing a spheroidal graphite cast iron article containing at least one pearlite stabilizing element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Cu, Sn, Sb and Pb and having a double layer structure which comprises a surface layer portion and an inner portion. The surface layer portion has a matrix 60% or more of which is ferrite phase and a thickness of at least 0.5 mm. The inner portion has a matrix substantially comprising pearlite phase. The method comprises: (1) heat-treating a starting spheroidal graphite cast iron at a temperature which transforms a whole part of a matrix of the starting spheroidal graphite cast iron substantially to austenite phase; (2) slowly cooling the austenitized spheroidal graphite cast iron at a cooling rate (5.degree. to 20.degree. C./min) which allows in a subsequent step the surface layer portion to be ferritized before the inner portion starts to be pearlitized; (3) holding the cooled spheroidal graphite cast iron at a temperature (710.degree. to 770.degree. C.