Abstract: A method for laminating an assembled sandwich structure consisting of a functional part (4) and one glass article (5) separated from an outer surface of the functional part by a laminating film (6) by heating with electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum is described. In the method equal temperatures of all sandwich components are provided by selection of the optimal radiation frequencies. The optimal vacuum level is provided following the laminating film temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a wind turbine blade or a part of a wind turbine blade. The method comprises arranging at least one of layer of uncured resin pre-impregnated fibres, called prepregs, and at least one layer of cured fibre reinforced resin in an at least partly overlaying relationship, and curing the resin of the at least one layer comprising uncured resin. The at least one layer of cured fibre reinforced resin is assembled with at least one layer of uncured resin-preimpregnated fibres prior to being placed on a moulding surface. The method may e.g. be used to manufacture a wind turbine blade shell member or a wind turbine blade spar member. The invention further relates to a wind turbine blade shell member or a wind turbine blade spar member manufactured by such a method.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oven (10) for the production of stratified sheets (12) from pre-assembled sheets (14). The pre-assembled sheets (14) comprise at least two sheets (16, 18) and at least one sheet of polymer material (20). The oven (10) comprises a hot chamber (22) which in turn comprises heating means (26) and an inlet opening (28) provided with first closing means (30). The oven also comprises a cold chamber (24) communicating with the hot chamber (22) and able to be separated from the hot chamber (22 via separation means (23). The cold chamber comprises cooling means (36) and an outlet opening (42) provided with second closing means (44). The invention also relates to a method for the production of stratified sheets.

Abstract: A contoured glass sheet laminating system may include a glass-side vacuum bed, a laminate-side vacuum bed and a lamination actuator. The glass-side vacuum bed may include a vacuum backside and a mold-receiving side and may have sufficient permeability to permit a vacuum system to pull a vacuum across a thickness of the glass-side vacuum bed between the vacuum backside and the mold-receiving side of the glass-side vacuum bed. The laminate-side vacuum bed may include a vacuum backside and a thin-film loading side and may have sufficient permeability to permit a vacuum system to pull a vacuum across a thickness of the laminate-side vacuum bed between the vacuum backside and the thin-film loading side of the of the laminate-side vacuum bed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vacuum heat insulating material. Also disclosed is a heat insulating box using the vacuum heat insulating material. The vacuum heat insulating material includes a core member and envelope members having gas-barrier properties and including heat-seal layers. The envelope members are opposed to each other in such a manner that the core member is disposed between the heat-seal layers. The envelope members are entirely heated to a temperature at which the heat-seal layers are melted, and the heat-seal layers are heat sealed to each other by applying uniform pressure to the entire envelope members from outside to inside the envelope members.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for assembling insulating glass panes filled with a gas other than air. According to said method, two glass sheets provided with a spacer are arranged in a vertical or inclined position and facing each other, gas that is different from air is introduced into a chamber from below and the insulating glass pane is formed by moving the glass sheets closer to each other after reaching a desired gas filling level. According to the invention, the gas is homogenized before said gas is introduced through said gap.

Abstract: A laminating device for laminating a window on a display panel for displaying an image includes: a first plate on which the display panel is provided; a second plate on which the window is provided and which is adjacent to the first plate; an applier provided on the second plate and applying a resin on the window; a folder for connecting the first plate and the second plate, for folding to allow the second plate to face the first plate, and for disposing the window on the display panel with the resin therebetween; and a pressurizer for pressurizing the second plate in a direction of the first plate.

Abstract: A transparent laminate is produced by preparing a pair of transparent substrates, forming a sealing portion along the periphery on one of the transparent substrates for sealing a curable resin composition, supplying the curable resin composition in a region on the transparent substrate surrounded by the sealing portion, overlaying the other transparent substrate on the supplied curable resin composition in a reduced pressure atmosphere so that the curable resin composition is sealed as it is sandwiched between the pair of transparent substrates, and subsequently curing the curable resin composition in an atmosphere having a higher pressure than the pressure of the atmosphere in which the composition is sandwiched, to produce the transparent laminate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laminated glass including a first glass substrate, a first adhesive layer, a heat reflective film, a second adhesive layer and a second glass substrate, laminated in this order, in which the heat reflective film includes a resin film having specific thermal shrinkages in a direction that a thermal shrinkage becomes maximum and in a direction orthogonal to the direction, and a heat reflective coating formed on the resin film; the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer include a polyvinyl butyral film having thermal shrinkages in a direction that a thermal shrinkage becomes maximum and in a direction orthogonal to the direction; and the direction that a thermal shrinkage becomes maximum, of the resin film and the direction that a thermal shrinkage becomes maximum, of the polyvinyl butyral film are orthogonal to each other.

Abstract: A holding tool 2 for use in producing of laminated glass includes a frame 3, a bag member 4 and a supporting member 6b for suspending the bag member 4 from the frame 3. The bag member 4 is made of a film with flexibility and airtightness, is provided with a sealable opening and has evacuating ports 7a and 7b in the vicinity of an periphery of a flat shape thereof having the periphery sealed. The frame 3 has a first frame member 3w and a second frame member 3y opposing each other and disposed outside the periphery of the bag member 4, and the bag member 4 is suspended by the supporting member 6b movably against the frame 3 on a holding face formed at least by the first frame member 3w and the second frame member 3y inside an area formed by connecting ends of these frame members.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a display including a light-transmissive substrate bonded onto a display surface of a display body, a bonding surface of the display body and a bonding surface of the light-transmissive substrate are set in a mutually opposed manner across compression-deformable clearance regulation members. The compression-deformable clearance regulation members are provided between the display body and the light-transmissive substrate. An adhesive, previously applied to one terminal edge of a bonding surface, is spread between the bonding surfaces of both the display body and the light-transmissive substrate. This is done by pressing the light-transmissive substrate against the display body starting from one terminal edge towards an other terminal edge thereof and by gradually decreasing a clearance between the bonding surfaces by serially compression-deforming the clearance regulation member from the one terminal edge towards the other terminal edge.

Abstract: A broad crystal display panel having a color filter substrate is supported by supporting nails and the middle portion of a supporting span is pressed by a loading bar. From this state, the supporting nails are removed to release the supporting, and subsequently the supporting nails are also removed to release the supporting the color filter substrate. While preventing the displacement between the color filter substrate and a TFT array substrate, the color filter substrate and the TFT array substrate can be stacked with a specified distance.

Abstract: Glass laminates are prepared using low-water content plastic interlayer material, such as polyvinylbutyral interlayer sheets, by a process employing nip roll de-airing, and high temperature finishing at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A glazing assembly includes a functional coating extending over, and being adhered to a central region of an inner major surface of a first substrate, which opposes a second substrate, whose inner surface includes a central region facing the functional coating; a spacer member, which is directly adhered to aligned peripheries of the inner major surfaces, joins the substrates, such that an airspace is enclosed between the central regions thereof. The spacer member may be pre-formed from a material having properties that result in a relatively low moisture vapor transmission rate therethrough, and may have a pre-formed footprint that matches a shape of the periphery of each of the substrates. A silane primer may be applied to the peripheries of the substrates to improve hydrolytic stability of the adhesion between the substrates and the spacer member.

Abstract: A decorative laminate panel comprises compressible objects embedded inside, wherein the compressible objects would be flattened in unnatural shapes under conventional processes. For example, an exemplary decorative laminate product comprises thatch reed, willow reed, bamboo, weeds, grasses, twigs and branches of a tree or bush, beans, and so forth. In at least one exemplary implementation of the present invention, an extruded sheet, such as PETG or polycarbonate, is softened and melted around the compressible materials such that the compressible materials do not deform. Imperfections in the decorative laminate panel can be easily removed, thereby allowing for producing a high quality decorative laminate panel with high efficiency and relatively low cost compared with conventional methods and materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preparing a colorless and transparent FTO conductive film using a polymer post-treatment process, in which a polymer is coated or bonded to an FTO film having a low transmittance due to optical coloring, thereby increasing the transmittance.

Abstract: An assembly method for display panel comprises the following steps. First, a first substrate and a second substrate are placed inside a chamber, wherein the first substrate comprises a sealant disposed thereon, and the chamber has a first pressure. Next, the pressure inside the chamber is adjusted to a second pressure, which is lower than the first pressure. After that, the first substrate is aligned with the second substrate, and the second substrate is placed on the sealant, to form a closed space between the first substrate and the second substrate. The pressure inside the closed space is the second pressure. Thereafter, the chamber is pumped from the second pressure to a third pressure, to bond the first substrate and the second substrate together by the pressure difference between the third pressure of the chamber and the second pressure of the closed space. Finally, the sealant is cured.

Abstract: A method for laminating glass sheets wherein laminating film is placed over one surface of a first glass sheet and the film is heated with microwave radiation to a bonding temperature. Heated areas of the film are successively pressed to the glass sheet in a continuous manner for purging air from between the film and the first glass sheet and for applying bonding pressure. The pressed film areas are then cooled whereby an appropriate bond is attained between the film and the first glass sheet. Thereafter the first glass sheet with its bonded film is subjected to a partial vacuum and a second glass sheet is positioned on the film and the second glass sheet is pressed to the film. The film is then reheated with microwave radiation to a bonding temperature and thereafter cooled whereby an appropriate bond is obtained between the film and the second glass sheet to provide a glass lamination.

Abstract: The invention provides a non-autoclave method and apparatus for producing laminated glass. The method and apparatus provide a non-autoclave laminated glass process that is continuous and thus eliminates the batch processing of known autoclave processes. In addition, the method and equipment do not require vacuum processes, involving complicated vacuum bags, vacuum rings, or the like.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for registering and bonding upper and lower substrate plates together through a sealer material and in such a way as to form a gap of a predetermined width between the two substrate plates. Registered substrate plates are provisionally pressed to form a joined substrate assembly, which is then pressed under heated conditions at a hot press station, thereby compressing the sealer material into a flattened form and at the same time thermally hardening the sealer material to form a predetermined gap space between the two substrate plates. In order to correct positional deviations which occur to the upper and lower substrate plates in the course of the hot pressing, on the basis detected positional deviations of upper and lower substrate plates of a hot-pressed substrate assembly, upper and lower substrates are set in offset positions instead of aligned positions when registering them at the provisional press station to cancel predicted positional deviations at the hot press station.

Abstract: Two glass sheets are moved in a horizontal direction between a first stage and a second stage by a pushing and pulling device while having a certain gap maintained between the two glass sheets by a holder and having lower edge surfaces of the two glass sheets supported by a guide. A die is provided between the first stage and the second stage so as to be movable in a vertical direction. A resin material is injected in a peripheral edge between the two glass sheets by injecting the resin material from the die onto the peripheral edge between the glass sheets while carrying out alternatively the horizontal movement of the two glass sheets and the vertical movement of the die. A double glazing unit is prepared by forming a resin spacer in the peripheral edge between the two glass sheets while maintaining the certain gap between the two glass sheets.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a manufacturing method of readily realizing an optical filter having a flat transmission characteristic and a superior cutoff characteristic relative to adjacent bands. To this end, with the manufacturing method of the present invention, a bandpass filter consisting of a dielectric multilayer coating is formed on one plane of a transparent substrate, and an antireflection coating is formed on the other plane of the substrate. The substrate is then divided into a plurality of segments, and adjacent two segments are selected and adhered to each other by a transparent adhesive with band-pass filter surfaces of these segments facing to each other, while interposing a glass spacer between the band-pass filter surfaces, to thereby obtain an optical filter.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for producing a curved, laminated safety glass sheet from a first curved glass sheet (1), a first laminated layer (2), a thermoplastic substrate sheet (4) with a biaxially drawn thin-layer system (3), a second laminated layer (5), and a second curved glass sheet (10) conforming to the first one.

Abstract: A method is provided for making ophthalmic lenses by vacuum lamination wherein a front lens wafer (20) is laminated to a back lens wafer (22) with a layer of adhesive (24) disposed within the interface between the two wafers forming a composite lens (18). An upper flexible, transparent sheet (12) is located on the top side of the composite lens (18), a lower flexible, opaque or transparent sheet (14) is located on the bottom side of the composite lens, and an approximately air-tight enclosure (16) is formed between the sheets for receiving the composite lens. A vacuum pump (36) draws the upper and lower flexible sheets into engagement with the composite lens to press the wafers together. A UV lamp (38) transmits radiation through the upper flexible sheet (12) and into the adhesive layer to cure the adhesive and form the composite lens (18).

Abstract: A plastic ply having at least one thermoplastic layer is positioned on a major surface of a glass ply to form a preliminary assembly, with the thermoplastic layer contacting selected portions of the major surface of the glass ply. A rigid press plate is placed on the plastic ply with the plate contacting a substantial portion of the plastic ply. Air is then removed from between the plastic and glass plies. After de-airing, the press plate is removed from the preliminary assembly and the preliminary assembly is subjected to elevated temperatures and pressures sufficient to intimately secure the plastic ply to the glass ply and form a laminate. If desired, the preliminary assembly and press plate may be heated to a temperature sufficient to soften the thermoplastic layer of the plastic ply while removing air from between the plastic and glass plies.

Abstract: A layer of glass, and an optically clear or transparent coating layer bonded to at least one surface of the glass layer by an interposed layer of optically clear adhesive having a peel strength of at least 3,000 grams per square inch. The coating layer generally includes a plurality of polymeric plies or strata, which are preferably made of a polyester material. The adhesive layer is preferably a pressure sensitive acrylic resin. The coating layer preferably includes an ultraviolet absorbing polyester ply, a reflective polyester ply which will generally include a metallized surface, and an outermost scratch resistant ply that prevents scratching of the coating layer which will reduce optical transparency. The coating layer may additionally include a protective polyester ply adjacent to the metallized surface of the reflective ply.

Abstract: A no autoclave process for forming a safety laminate which involves interposing a plasticized polyvinyl butyral sheet having a water content of 0.2 weight percent or more between a pair of glass layers to form a laminate assembly, enclosing at least the edges of the assembly in a sealed space, subjecting the sealed space to vacuum to deair the laminate assembly, heating the deaired laminate assembly to a temperature sufficient to seal the edges of the glass layers and plasticized polyvinyl butyral sheet and then subjecting the laminate assembly to a temperature and for a time sufficient to bond the glass layers to the sheet while reducing the vacuum to an extent effective to counteract water bubble formation in the sheet to form a safety laminate meeting the American National Standards Code for Safety Glazing Materials.

Abstract: An apparatus for laminating a layer of polymer plastic film to a precast layer of glass is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a support saddle having a receiving surface that is shaped and dimensioned to support the precast layer of glass. The layer of polymer plastic film is positioned by a holding means in the form of toothed upper and lower opposed collar members in spaced apart relation with respect to the glass. A ram having a hard flexible contact member adapted to intimately contact plastic film is positioned at a distance away from the plastic film. The ram and the saddle are brought towards each other so as to cause the hard flexible contact member to contact the plastic film, which in turn causes the plastic film to contact the preformed layer of glass, such that the hard flexible contact member, the plastic film, the glass and the saddle are in intimate contact seriatim.

Abstract: In the production of a glass laminate wherein two panes are subjected to deformation with single or double curvature, a screen-printed pattern on at least one of the panes is dried by heating below 300.degree. C. to evaporate the printing oil before the panes are stacked for deformation and simultaneously baking on the dry enamel pattern. The panes are then separated, a plastic sheet interposed and the resulting stack is bonded to form the laminate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a laminated transparent substrate comprising the steps of sandwiching between transparent glass substrates ionomer resin formed by bridging ethylenemetacryl acid copolymars with sodium ions, to form a laminated structure and sealing it in a reduced pressure atmosphere; applying heat and pressure to said laminated structure; rapidly decreasing the pressure applied to said laminated structure; and then rapidly decreasing the temperature of said laminated structure.

Abstract: A method of laminating glass sheets, the method comprising the steps of: (a) providing a glass sheet assembly comprising a pair of opposed glass sheets which are spaced from each other and spacer means located between the glass sheets, the spacer means being air permeable and liquid impermeable and extending along peripheral edges of the glass sheets, the glass sheet assembly being in a substantially horizontal orientation; (b) introducing a measured volume of a liquid laminating resin between the glass sheets so that the resin contacts the inner surfaces of both the top and bottom glass sheets as it is introduced into the space between the sheets, the introduction of resin being controlled so that a resin meniscus between the top and bottom sheets spreads outwardly in a controlled manner; (c) filling the space between the glass sheets with the measured volume of resin, air which is displaced by the resin being evacuated through the spacer means; and (d) permitting the resin to cure and solidify thereby to fo

Abstract: A method of forming a bilayer glazing panel by providing an optically clear prelaminate of stretched polyester film coated with a cross-linked, self-healing polyurethane layer; assembling the prelaminate with a layer of plasticized partial polyvinyl butyral with the side of the polyester film without the polyurethane layer in facing contact with a subjacent textured surface of the partial polyvinyl butyral layer; clamping the assembled layers in a perimeter anchoring system; sequentially carrying out the following steps i), ii), iii), and optionally the above clamping step within an air autoclave; i) deairing the interface between the polyester film and plasticized partial polyvinyl butyral; ii) forcing localized regions of the layers within the perimeter anchoring system against a sheet of glass; and iii) subjecting the assembly of step ii) to elevated temperature and pressure while the plastic layers remain clamped within the perimeter anchoring system to firmly bond the plastic layers and glass sheet toget

Abstract: A furnace having a sublimating section, a cracking section oriented off axis to the sublimating section, and a valve for controlling flux between the sections. The valve includes an annular plug having at least one longitudinal slot. The plug is retractable from a fully closed position where the slot is completely covered, to a fully open position where the slot is completely exposed. The slot becomes increasingly exposed as the plug is moved from the fully closed position to the fully opened position, thereby increasing flux from the sublimating section to the cracking section.

Abstract: A prepress roll assembly includes upper and lower pressing roll segments that apply pressure to the opposing major surfaces of a windshield assembly as the assembly passes between the roll segments. A drive roll arrangement is provided that moves vertically in response to the elevational of the leading edge of a windshield assembly to be prepressed while continuing to drive the windshield assembly between the prepress rolls.

Abstract: Apparatus operable in accordance with the method of the present invention is provided for automatically controlling the operation of a de-air/tacker machine used in the manufacture of safety glass laminates to remove air from and promote bonding within the laminates. The machine comprises pinch rolls mounted to a carriage which is in turn mounted for rotational movement about a generally horizontal axis relative to a support frame. The pinch rolls define a pressure nip through which the laminates pass to be processed. A motor is connected to the carriage for rotating the carriage, and hence the pinch rolls, about the generally horizontal axis and a digital encoder is provided for sensing rotational operating movement of the motor.

Abstract: The invention relates to the manufacture of laminated safety glass panes comprised of a sheet of glass and a sheet of flexible plastic material. Within the framework of a method wherein a "counter-mold" is applied to the plastic sheet or film before permanent combination of the constituent parts of the product glass pane, the invention proposes an improvement wherein, before this final assembly, stacks corresponding to a plurality of product glass panes are superimposed, wherewith the face of each of the glass sheets which face is not covered by its corresponding plastic sheet or film serves as the "counter-mold" for the adjoining stack.

Abstract: Safety or impact resistant laminates are disclosed containing a plurality of laminae and at least on composite interlayer said composite interposed between and bonding any two of the laminae and containing one or more thermoplastic sheets from about 1 to about 30 mils in combined thickness bonded one to another and on each external face by a contact or pressure sensitive adhesive layer.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of laminated, transparent, polarizing glass articles. The inventive method contemplates five basic steps:(1) forming parallel microgrooves on a surface of a glass support;(2) washing and drying said surface;(3) depositing on said surface a mixture of organic colorants corresponding to the three primary colors and exhibiting a nematic state to yield a coating displaying polarizing properties;(4) treating the polarizing coating with an aqueous solution of inorganic salts having an acid pH; and(5) applying a continuous, optically transparent, composite film upon the polarizing coating and bonding it thereto.

Abstract: A protective superposed layer composite glass structure includes at least one glass plate, a polyurethane film, and a polyvinyl butyral sheet between the glass plate and the polyurethane film for attaching the polyurethane sheet to the glass plate. A polycarbonate plate is superposed against the polyurethane film. Alternatively, a polyester sheet can be superposed against the polyurethane film. A process for making a superposed layer composite glass structure includes surrounding the various layer elements with bands formed of a thermo-retractable material, calendering the layered elements surrounded by the bands at a temperature approximately in the range of 120.degree. to 200.degree. C. and subsequently subjecting the layered elements surrounded by the bands to the action of an autoclave at a temperature approximately in the range of 120.degree. to 200.degree. C. under a pressure approximately in the range of 10 to 15 bars.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the laminating of glass is described. Glass sheets are transported by a gantry which places the sheet on a workstation. The glass sheet is allowed to dish and a second sheet is placed over the first sheet after depositing a resin on the first sheet. The trolley and the workstation from a press to complete the lamination process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pressing curved laminated glass having an adhesion interlayer between curved sheets of plate glass by passing the curved laminated glass through a pair of press rolls. A level of a contact position between said pair of press rolls and an inclination angle of a line connecting axes of said pair of press rolls with respect to a curved surface of the laminated glass are controlled to control a posture of said pair of press rolls upon movement of the laminated glass so as to correspond to controlled rotation of said pair of press rolls. A line of action of a press pressure is directed along a direction substantially normal to the curved surface of the laminated glass, and the location of application of the press pressure is level-shifted along the curved surface of the laminated glass. The posture of the press rolls is controlled in accordance with prestored data sampled along the curved surface of the laminated glass.

Abstract: Safety or impact resistant laminates which avoid the application of heat and excessive pressure in their construction comprising a plurality of laminae, at least one interlayer interposed between any two of the laminae, and a sufficient number of adhesive layers, at least one a contact or pressure sensitive adhesive, to bond all the laminae and interlayers.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a method for preparing transparent laminated polarizing glass articles consisting of a support of an inorganic or organic glass, a coating exhibiting polarizing properties disposed on one of the surfaces of the support, and an optically transparent layer adhered to the coating which protects the coating from humidity. The vital feature of the method comprises a first treatment by a gamma-aminopropyltrialkoxysilane and a second treatment by an epoxyalkyltrialkoxysilane which is designed to improve the adherence of the optically transparent layer to the polarizing coating.The invention is especially useful in the fabrication of eyeglass lenses.

Abstract: This invention concerns an improved method for fabricating transparent laminated polarizing glasses consisting of a substrate of inorganic or organic glass, a coating of polarizing properties deposited upon one surface of the substrate, and an integral, optically transparent composite film consisting, on the one hand, of one lamina of thermoplastic polyurethane of adhesive properties, and, on the other hand, of one lamina of thermosetting polyurethane of anti-lacerative and self-regenerating properties; the thermoplastic polyurethane ply adhering to the polarizing coating. The method comprises applying the polarizing coating to the substrate, then treating at least the coated surface of the substrate with a aqueous solution containing .gamma.-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane or .gamma.-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and thereafter applying said composite film.

Abstract: A process of forming a multi-ply laminate which comprises at least one ply 2 of thermoplastics material forming a transparent outer ply of the laminate, such process comprising assembling the plies 1, 2 of the laminate, degassing its inter-ply space or spaces and subjecting it to bonding conditions including environmental laminating pressure distributed over the outside of the or each said thermoplastics outer ply 2 by a moulding plate 3 is characterised by the steps of:enveloping at least the edges of the assembled laminate plier 1, 2 and moulding plate(s) 3 by means 4 defining therewith an edge space 5 in communication with the inter-ply space(s),reducing the pressure P5 within the edge space 5 to commence degassing of the assembly and heating the assembly (curve T) while the main faces of the assembly are subjected to at least atmospheric environmental pressure P6 and subsequently, while the assembly is subjected to environment laminating pressure P6raising the edge pressure P5 to reduce or eliminate any d

Abstract: A laminated article comprising two outer glass layers, a polyvinyl acetal layer disposed therebetween and a fibrous layer encapsulated in said polyvinyl acetal layer; and a process for producing said laminated article comprising(1) maintaining a substantially constant vacuum in a flexible container containing an assembly comprising(a) a first glass layer,(b) a first polyvinyl acetal layer in contact with said first glass layer,(c) a fibrous layer in contact with said first polyvinyl acetal layer,(d) a second polyvinyl acetal layer in contact with said fibrous layer and(e) a second glass layer in contact with said second polyvinyl acetal layer;(2) applying pressure on said container while increasing the same from about ambient pressure to an elevated pressure level and simultaneously increasing the temperature on the contents of said container from about ambient temperature to an elevated temperature level;(3) reducing the temperature on the contents of said container from said elevated temperature level to ab

Abstract: A method of preliminarily pressing a bent assembly comprising a pair of bent glass sheets and a flexible interlayer comprising a first heating step performed without vacuum, a biasing step, an unbiasing step and followed by a second heating step performed simultaneously with an application of vacuum. When the assembly so prepressed is further laminated under heat and pressure, it develops fewer bubbles after a heat stability test involving exposure to high temperature for an extended period than assemblies further laminated under such heat and pressure conditions after a prepressing step that includes passing the assembly between rollers prior to the further lamination step.

Abstract: Processes for the lamination of sheets of material including sheets of glass, with and without a substrate or interlayer and apparatus suitable for use in carrying out such processes.

Abstract: Lightweight aircraft transparencies are shaped to a desired configuration by laying up a plurality of flat oversized plastic sheets in a desired sequence to form a flat assembly. Portions of the marginal edges of the flat assembly are supported on a female support ring having a non-planar supporting surface. The assembly is first shaped at a temperature below its deformation temperature to a preliminary shape where its marginal edge portions conform to the non-planar supporting surface of the female support ring. While the marginal edges of the preliminarily shaped assembly are maintained in conformity with the female support ring, the assembly is uniformly exposed in an enclosed autoclave to elevated pressures to minimize outgassing and to elevated temperatures above its deformation temperature. A male form having an outline smaller than the female support ring engages the central portion of the preliminarily shaped assembly to impress the desired final shape thereto, e.g., a compound configuration.

Abstract: A method of bonding a first, vitreous sheet to a second sheet to form a laminate which includes the steps of bonding together the sheets using an adhesive material which is at most 250 .mu.m thick and has a viscosity in the range 15 to 300 poises, the adhesive being such that it is settable by evaporation of solvent or by hot or cold curing. The assembly is degassed by subjecting it to sub-atmospheric pressure at a temperature such as to maintain the adhesive viscosity within that range whereafter it is exposed to atmospheric pressure and the adhesive is caused or allowed to set.