Abstract: A thin, flexible tubular membrane provides a heat containment tube for inserting into and inflation within an underground conduit to be repaired. Folded rigid thermoplastic pipe is inserted into the tube while hot and flexible. The tubular membrane is pressurized to exclude unwanted fluids from within the existing conduit. Hot stem is injected into the tube to heat the pipe full-length externally and internally until flexible. The pipe is then rounded and expanded against the walls of the conduit with the tube therebetween. The rounding and expanding of the pipe is carried out progressively by moving a plug through the pipe and by injecting hot steam under pressure behind the plug.

Abstract: A process for adhering a polyethylene liner to the interior of a fabric bulk bag, which would include the steps of providing a source of pressurized air flow; attaching the upper pour spout of the fabric bag to the source of air flow; causing the bag to inflate when the bag becomes filled with air; providing a means for applying adhesive to the interior wall of at least a portion of the interior wall of the fabric bag after the fabric has been inflated; providing a valving means for routing a quantity of the pressurized air through a second air flow chamber; providing a plastic liner in the air flow chamber so that as the secondary air flow makes contact with the liner, the liner is forced into the interior of the fabric bag and inflated against the inner surface of the walls of the fabric bag; and adhering the plastic liner to the wall of the fabric bag when the liner makes contact with the adhesive that has been applied to the wall of the fabric bag.

Abstract: Method is provided for lining a pipe wherein a thermoplastic liner is initially formed in a cylindrical shape with a diameter slightly larger than the internal diameter of the pipe. The liner is temporarily deformed at an elevated temperature to a different cross-section, preferably U-shaped, to reduce its overall cross-sectional dimension to facilitate insertion into the pipe to be lined. Once inserted, the pipe liner is reheated to the crystallization temperature of the thermoplastic material to cause the liner to return to its original cylindrical shape. Pressure within the liner is also increased in two stages to cause the liner to conform to the interior surface of the pipe. An expansion pig may also be employed to ensure even more exact conformance. After expansion, ends of the liner which extend beyond the pipe are flared into engagement with the pipe flanges. Service fluid under pressure is introduced into the liner to maintain the liner in its cylindrical shape.

Abstract: Method is provided for lining a pipe wherein a thermoplastic liner is initially formed in a cylindrical shape with a diameter slightly larger than the internal diameter of the pipe. The liner is temporarily deformed at an elevated temperature to a different cross-section, preferably U-shaped, to reduce it overall cross-sectional dimension to facilitate insertion into the pipe to be lined. Once inserted, the pipe liner is re-heated and pressurized so that the shape memory characteristics of the thermoplastic material causes the liner to return to its original cylindrical shape. Pressure within the liner is increased in two stages to cause the liner to conform to the interior surface of the pipe. An expansion pig may also be employed to ensure even more exact conformance. After expansion, ends of the liner which extend beyond the pipe are flared into engagement with the pipe flanges.

Abstract: In order to line a pipeline or passageway active in conveying effluent without interrupting the flow of effluent therethrough, a first bypass conduit is passed through the section to be lined before the lining is inserted and the effluent is pumped therethrough, a second bypass conduit is passed through the lining after it has been inserted but before is has been fixed in position, the effluent is then pumped through that second conduit, the lining is fixed in position, normal effluent flow resumes, and the second conduit can be removed for future use.

Abstract: The process involves creating an internal lining in a bore, e.g., for repairing well casings. A plurality of layers of resilient strip material having an adhesive material, in uncured condition and interspersed between overlapping surfaces of the strip material and between the outer surface thereof and the bore, are applied in spiral fashion by means of a mandrel to the portion of the bore to be lined. Pressure is then applied to the internal surface of the liner to force the liner against the inner surface of the bore, preferably by inflation of a packer or packer assembly whose length is substantially the length of the liner, until the adhesive is cured. The mandrel for creating the liner in a bore includes a portion adapted to receive the spirally-wrapped strip material, a packer at the upper end of the wrappable portion of the mandrel and a packer terminating at the lower end of the wrappable portion of the mandrel and extending therebelow.

Abstract: The present invention is for a method of lining a pipe with a rigid to semirigid plastic tube which is inserted through the pipe by inflating the tube by application of heat and pressure. The method is characterized in that the tube has a large wall thickness and is formed with a multiplicity of bores extending through the tube wall axially thereof and arranged in parallel at a spacing circumferentially of the tube. The tube is heated by passing a heating fluid through the bores. The tube having the large wall thickness can be uniformly heated throughout the entire wall thickness so as to be inflated fully by the application of pressure, free of the likelihood of insufficient inflation or rupture and to line the pipe.

Abstract: A method for forming a thermoplastic laminate having a desired laminate thickness is disclosed. Layers of composite material using precured or partially precured thermoplastic resin laminate layers are layed-up on a forming tool. A relatively constant, uniform pressure is applied to the layers to produce a preconsolidated laminate having a thickness approximately equal to the ultimate desired laminate thickness. The laminate layers are free to slide relative to one another during debulking because they are either cured or partially cured. Thus, wrinkles are avoided. The debulked laminae are then consolidated in a conventional autoclave under elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: A method for lining pipe lines for transporting city water, city gas, petroleum and other various kinds of fluids.In a method used as a conventional art, i.e.

Abstract: A method of forming a rigid or semirigid plastics tube lining over the inner surface of a branch pipe portion as joined at its one end to an underground main pipe through the other end thereof substantially open to the surface of the ground as a work opening, the method being characterized by inserting a rigid or semirigid plastics tube into the branch pipe portion from the work opening with the forward end of the tube substantially closed, and subsequently supplying a fluid into the tube to inflate the tube radially of the branch pipe by applying heat and pressure to the tube with the fluid from inside directly or indirectly and thereby line the branch pipe portion with the rigid plastics tube. The pipe portion can be lined from the ground surface efficiently without necessitating labor for excavation of the ground, cutting off the branch pipe portion and restoring the piping to the original state.

Abstract: A method of lining a pipe with a rigid plastic tube inserted in the pipe by enlarging the tube from inside with application of heat and pressure. The method includes enlarging the tube by an electrically heatable enlarging pig moved through the tube, retaining the enlarged portion of the plastic tube with compressed air supplied to the interior of the tube, and preheating the unenlarged portion of the plastic tube with a portion of the compressed air heated by being passed through air heating channels of the pig. The use of the pig eliminates the material limitations to be otherwise imposed on the tube, and therefore the softening point, of the plastic tube. The preheating of the unenlarged portion of the plastic tube renders the pig movable through the tube at an increased speed to achieve an improved work efficiency.

Abstract: A method for simultaneously forming and applying a plastic liner to a truck bed is provided wherein a sheet of plastic material is brought into engagement with walls surrounding a truck bed, heated to a pliable state, and forced into close conformity with the contours of the bed by the application of a vacuum from beneath the sheet and/or the application of pressurized air above the sheet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a kind of art of applying designs to the inside wall of transparent containers where the hand cannot directly reach into contact. This art consists chiefly of filling the container to be decorated with a liquid, inserting a decal cellophane which is lined with a backing paper into the container. After the decal cellophane is applied to the inside wall of the container, drain the liquid away from the container and then bake the container. The production cost of this art is low and it is suitable for mass production. The final products possess special characteristics of elaborate workmanship, longlasting decoration, water-, alcohol-, and heat-resistance. It is suitable to be applied on perfume bottles, lamps and vase, etc.

Abstract: In order to effectively seal the space between a preexisting pipe and a repair lining that has been inserted into the pipe and radially expanded in order to generally conform to the interior of the pipe, a form is inserted between the ends of the pipe and lining before the lining is radially expanded, the lining therefore conforms to the interior of the pipe along its length and to the interior of the form at its ends, the form is removed, a sealing ring is inserted into the space left by the form and is there sealingly compressed, and an element is inserted into that space axially outside the sealing ring in order to retain it in position and preferably to compress it axially of the pipe.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fiber-reinforced shaped article of plastics material for pipeline systems. The article includes an inner casing of a thermoplastic material and an outer casing of a fiber winding impregnated with resin. The tape is wound onto the inner casing so that at least the entire surface thereof is covered. The article is then immersed in a resin bath while a negative pressure is maintained outside of and in the interior of the article. The resin bath is subsequently subjected to atmospheric pressure. The impregnated article is removed from the resin bath and the resin is hardened by ultraviolet light while the article is simultaneously rotated.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for lining pipe lines, especially those buried in the ground and having a large diameter, according to the so-called evagination-lining technique by using a compressed gas as a pressurized fluid, which is so improved as to secure complete sealing of a pressure container for inserting the lining material into a pipe line by using a specific sealing device using a liquid in place of a mechanical sealing device while preventing a binder applied onto the inner surface of the lining material from being squeezed backwards when the lining material is introduced into the pressure container.

Abstract: A tubular lining material and a method and apparatus for manufacturing same, the tubular lining material being suitable for reinforcing pipe lines and comprising a tubular textile jacket having on the external surface thereof a coating of plural synthetic resins in the form of laminated layers, characterized in that the outermost layer of the coating is composed exclusively or predominantly of a thermoplastic polyester elastic resin and the innermost layer of the coating is composed exclusively or predominantly of a thermoplastic polyurethane elastic resin, the coating having been bonded superificially onto the external surface of the tubular textile jacket. The tubular lining material is manufactured by simultaneously extruding plural synthetic resins in an annularly layered form superficially onto the external surface of the tubular textile jacket, using an apparatus provided with an annularly arranged multiple extruders.

Abstract: A thermoplastic pipe in a flattened and folded shape and of selected characteristics is formed by manufacturing it in this reduced shape. It is inserted in the flattened and folded shape and in a pliable state into a pipeline to be lined. It is then expanded and when set serves as a rigid or semi-rigid pipe within a pipeline capable of withstanding external hydrostatic and earth pressures. The thermoplastic pipe is heated during its installation for installing it into an existing pipeline and for expanding it.

Abstract: A method of applying a protective coating to the inner surface of a pipeline includes the steps of adhering a porous flexible hose to the pipeline inner surface, an end of the hose of which is turned inside out and attached to the pipeline. The hose is moved inside the pipeline by progressively turning it inside out and pressing it to the inner surface of the pipeline by providing an excess pressure in a cavity formed by the portion of the hose turned inside out, and producing a counter-pressure before the hose as the same travels lengthwise of the pipeline. The magnitude of the counter-pressure is maintained at a predetermined level in the course of the hose travel. A piston having a passage for the hose is placed in the cavity formed by the portion of the hose turned inside out, and a binder is placed between the piston and the portion of the hose turned inside out. The binder soaks through the pores of the hose to facilitate the formation of a bond between the hose and the inner surface of the pipeline.

Abstract: A method and the respective device for carrying out the method of applying a provisional protective covering to the exposed face that is not perfectly smooth (rough, furrowed, downy, fibrous, striated, or the like) of any products which have to be transported and/or stored and/or processed and/or installed by a subsequent assembly operation, particularly of profiled internal upholstery panels for vehicles, for example, for motor vehicles. A foil (2) of thermoplastic plastics material which is meant for forming the provisional protective covering, is laid out over the pandl product (1), is heated up to the thermoforming temperature, and is then sucked on the exposed face (101) of the product or panel (1) by a suction being peripherally applied to at least one point of the product or panel (1), and which spreads over the entire surface of the exposed face (101) thereof, thanks to the not perfectly smooth structure of said surface.

Abstract: A method for internally lining ducts and sleeves for ducts lined in accordance with this method are provided. The inner lining sleeve is formed in the duct by the action of a uniform pressure on the inner face of a second sleeve in a form of a sheet made from a sealed synthetic material whose outer face is provided with fibers. This pressure acts so as to enlarge the section of this sleeve by plastic deformation of said sheet and to apply the sleeve against the inner face of a first sleeve made from a composite material permeable over the whole of its thickness and coated with a heat hardenable resin. The section of said first sleeve enlarges without the composite material undergoing elastic or plastic deformation. The two joined sleeves continue to enlarge their sections until the outer face of the first sleeve is applied firmly against the inner face of an envelope in the form of a sheet of sealed synthetic material.

Abstract: A method for lining a high pressure pipeline with a tubular plastic liner. After depressurizing, purging and cleaning the pipeline is broken into discrete sections each of which is to receive a liner segment. The sections are reamed to remove obstructions which might damage the liner and a close-fitting liner segment is drawn into each section. Each liner segment is fixed at opposed ends of respective pipeline sections to prevent longitudinal movement of the segments. Bleeder holes are provided through the pipeline walls at opposed ends of each pipeline section. After the pipeline sections are reconnected to reform the pipeline, a relatively warm, pressurized fluid is pumped through the pipeline to radially expand each liner segment against the inner walls of the pipeline, thus evacuating the spaces between liner segments and pipeline sections by forcing air, water and other impurities through the bleeder holes.

Abstract: Translaminar reinforcement structure for localized Z-direction reinforcement of composite structure includes a body of thermally decomposable material that has substantially opposed surface, a plurality of reinforcing elements in the body that extend generally perpendicularly to one body surface, and pressure intensifying structure on the other opposed body surfaces for applying driving force to the reinforcing elements for insertion into the composite structure as the body is subjected to elevated temperature and decomposes.

Abstract: A method of lining a passageway comprising pulling a first flexible lining pipe sized to the passageway to be lined into the passageway, the first lining tube comprising at least one resin absorbent layer impregnated with curable synthetic resin, and by the eversion into the first lining tube of a second flexible lining tube sized to the first tube inner diameter, to the inner surface of which a second lining tube before eversion is applied an initiator for the resin impregnating the first lining tube whereby, as the second lining tube everts into and along the first tube when in the passageway, the first tube is pressed against the passageway surface by fluid pressure used to evert the second tube, and also the initiator comes into contact with the resin of the first tube and commences and effects cure of the same.

Abstract: Process for lining a pipe with thermoplastic polymer using non-crosslinked, expandable thermoplastic liner which is uniformly heated after insertion into the pipe.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of applying a resin impregnated lining sleeve to a length of passageway surface wherein the sleeve first of all has a carrier tube everted into the sleeve from one end and out of the other end, the carrier tube is re-inverted to draw the sleeve into the carrier tube and then the assembly of carrier tube and sleeve is positioned in relation to the passageway length to be lined and the carrier tube re-everted to position the sleeve on the surface in the required position. The resin is subsequently cured and the carrier tube removed leaving a hard tubular lining shell on the passageway surface.

Abstract: Pipes or pipelines for transporting sewage, water, slurries, liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, and the like are interlined with flexible composite tubular lining material. The lining material is matched to the crosswise dimension of the pipe and is adapted to be insertable thereinto and to fit snugly against the inner wall thereof. The lining material comprises a flexible matrix member having a netlike open-meshed configuration, thereby being adapted to receive into its interstices foamable material adapted to expand outwardly upon foaming, into and about irregularities in the wall surface, and to solidify there. The matrix member preferably is extensible lengthwise, and thus reducible in size crosswise, when under axial tension. When released from axial tension, the matrix member recovers to its previous dimensions, except as it may be confined, as against an inside wall of a pipe or pipeline.

Abstract: A method of salvaging a pipe conduit which has a predetermined inner diameter and is buried under ground, especially a sewer pipe includes the steps of soaking a resin-absorbing inner layer of a lining hose which further includes an impermeable outer layer that outwardly adjoins and surrounds the inner layer and has an outer diameter which is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe conduit to be salvaged with an amount of a resin that exceeds that needed for saturating the inner layer. The outer layer is perforated to form a plurality of flow-through openings for the resin therein. The lining hose is subsequently introduced in its collapsed state into the pipe conduit.

Abstract: According to the method of coating the internal surface of a pipeline with a cement-sand mortar, a layer (4) of the mortar is formed on said surface and is pressed and held by a flexible hose (5). Before the flexible hose is pressed to the mortar layer (4) the flexible hose (5) is turned out and placed simultaneously with the formation of the mortar layer. The device effecting the method as claimed has a cement-sand fed system (11), a piston (3) arrnged in the pipeline (1) with an annular clearance (12) to distribute the mortar layer on the internal surface of the pipeline, a chamber (13) accommodating the flexible hose (5) and communicating therewith by a flowing medium feed system (15), said flowing medium serving as a means for feeding, turning out and pressing the flexible hose (5) to the mortar layer (4) formed on the surface of the pipeline.

Abstract: A Process is described for lining the inner surfaces of pipes or pipe sections using the Insituform method by pressing a tubular flexible laminate made up of an essentially liquid-impermeable membrane and a fibrous layer which has been impregnated with a binder which is not as yet fully cured with the face with the binder against the inner surface of the pipe by means of liquid pressure in such a way that the laminate takes on the shape of the inner surface of the pipe and the binder becomes fully cured in the state, forming a firmly adhering internal lining. The binder used according to the invention in this process contains(a) a curing agent which is a salt of one or more (poly)amines having at least one tertiary nitrogen atom and one or more aromtic polyols or one or more aliphatically substituted phenols, the aliphatic radical having at least 9 carbon atoms, and(b) a liquid epoxy resin or a liquid mixture of epoxy resins and can, if desired, also contain(c) further additives.

Abstract: When pipes are provided with comparatively rigid linings, the gaps which tend to appear between the pipe and the lining along the length thereof, and through which gaps gaseous type contents tend to escape, are sealed by providing between the pipe and the lining radially expandable sealing rings spaced along the length of the pipe, those rings compressing when the lining is in place and only partially expanding if the lining tends to separate from the pipe, thereby to provide a series of annular seals along the length of the pipe. The sealing rings may be positioned within the pipe before the lining is applied or may be initially secured to the lining and moved into place with the lining.

Abstract: Improved composite pipes are proposed which comprise an outer pipe made of plastic and a thin lead layer on the inner wall of the outer pipe. The lead layer is formed by arranging a lead pipe in the outer pipe and expanding it by use of pressure medium into close contact with the inner wall of the outer pipe. The outer pipe may be circular or square or double-path. A process for producing the composite pipes is also proposed.

Abstract: A method consists in introducing a flexible sleeve (4) into a pipeline (2), advancing the sleeve through the pipeline (2) and urging it against the internal surface of the pipeline (2) by building up excessive pressure in the space defined by the pipeline (2) and the sleeve (4), the latter having its end turned inside out and secured to the internal surface of the pipeline (2). To join the sleeve (4) to the pipeline (2) and provide a protective coating on the internal surface of the pipeline (2), the latter is heated from inside.An apparatus for performing the method includes a system (1) for supplying a working fluid into the pipeline (2), a system for introducing a flexible sleeve (4) into the pipeline (2), means for heating the pipeline (2) and a system for timing the motion of the sleeve (4) and of the heating means.

Abstract: A method of automatically mounting read-made headliners into automotive bodies consecutively moved along an assembly line by a conveyor system, by loading a headliner provided with a coating of adhesive on its upper surface onto a support at a first position of the assembly line, moving the support with the headliner thereon into a window-cut out of an automotive body, connecting the support to the moving conveyor system to prevent relative movement between the headliner and the automotive body, raising the support to move the adhesive coating on the headliner against the ceiling of the body to affect an adhesive bond therewith while at the same time moving a support member against the roof of the body to counteract the pressure of the headliner against the ceiling, removing the support and the support member, respectively, from the body at a second position of the assembly line, and returning the support to the first position.

Abstract: A method of salvaging a pipe conduit which is buried under ground, especially a sewer pipe, includes soaking a resin-absorbing inner layer of a lining hose, which further includes an impermeable outer layer that outwardly adjoins and surrounds the inner layer, with a first resin. The lining hose is then placed into the pipe conduit. A surface region of a calibrating hose which is to contact the inner layer of the lining hose is provided with a layer containing a second resin. The lining hose is then shaped to conformingly line the pipe conduit. Such shaping involves introducing the calibrating hose into the lining hose in such a manner that the resin-containing layer of the calibrating hose contacts the inner layer of the lining hose and pressing the calibrating hose against the lining hose to urge the latter against the pipe conduit. Finally, at least one of the first and second resins is hardened.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for producing a welded can body having an organic coated welded part are provided in which the exposed metal portion on the inside of the welded part of the can body and its vicinity is covered with a tape of an organic resin alone or a mixture of an organic resin with an inorganic material such as a pigment, a metal, etc. The resin tape is entirely supported by a mandrel to be disposed inside the can body, and pressed against the inside surface of the welded part and its vicinity. By heating the welded part of the can body, the resin tape is heated during pressing.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an apparatus for installing a flexible tubular liner into a pipe. The apparatus comprises means for defining a pressurized region for inserting the liner into the pipe and an insertion conduit, having an entry end and exit end connected to the means defining the pressurized region. Means are provided on the exit end of the insertion conduit for sealing, clamping the leading end of the liner to the exit end of the insertion conduit and for creating an fluid tight seal between the liner and the insertion conduit. A first feed control mean is provided for substantially continuously controlling the feed rate of the liner as one portion of the liner is inserted into the pipe. The feed control means comprises a conveyor means having a slack conveyor belt, an idler nip roller assembly, including nip rollers juxtaposed in a line space relationship to the conveyor means and means for controlling the speed of movement of the conveyor belt.

Abstract: A tubular lining material for reinforcing pipe lines, which has a double-layered structure comprising an air-impervious outer tubular textile jacket provided on the inside thereof with a reinforcing inner tubular textile jacket, characterized in that the reinforcing tubular textile jacket is more coarse in weaving density and larger in diameter than the air-impervious tubular textile jacket and that the product of the length of the diameter and the elongation ratio in the direction of the diameter on fracture, of the air-impervious tubular textile jacket is approximately equal to the product of the length of the diameter and the elongation ratio in the direction of the diameter on fracture of the reinforcing tubular textile jacket.

Abstract: The invention provides for the light curing of a synthetic resin which is light curable, and is arranged as a layer upon the surface of a pipeline or passageway. The curing lamps are enabled to be pulled into the pipeline or passageway by virtue of inserting a tubular member into the passageway which is inflatable by fluid pressure so as to hold the resin layer in position. The lamps pass through the inflatable tubular member so that radiation therefrom will fall on the layer of resin and cure or initiate the cure of the same.

Abstract: The necks 10 of round bottomed plastic bottles 11 are fed into peripheral notches 9 of an upper turret plate 6, and stabilizing cups 47 are fed onto support plates 49 of vertically movable centering sockets 45 slidable in a lower turret plate 7 and disposed coaxially below the bottles. Pressurized gas in supplied to the bottles by vertically reciprocable stopper posts 23 to implement monitored seal testing, and while the bottles are stiffened by the gas the cups are adhesively applied from below. The various movements are synchronously controlled by rollers 33, 42 riding on circular cams 35, 44.

Abstract: An internal lining for ducts (C) is provided by introducing into one end of the duct an assembly (E) which comprises a sleeve (5) and an inflatable system (2) and which is provided with heating means for applying a sheath (1) impregnated with a resin against the inner wall of said duct (C). After partial polymerization at least of the resin, the sheath (1) adheres to the inner wall of the duct. The system (2) is then deflated, the heating stopped and the assembly (E) withdrawn from the duct. With the length of the duct a multiple of the length (l) of an assembly (E), the operation is repeated by introducing into the duct successively a multiplicity of sheaths (1) until the inner wall of the duct (C) is provided with an internal lining over the whole of its length.

Abstract: Pipelines for transporting sewage, water, slurries, liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, and like materials are interlined with a composite tubular lining having an inner skin layer and a foamed layer contiguous with the inner skin layer. The foamed layer is either contiguous also, along its opposite surface, with the inner wall of the pipe or may be spaced therefrom by an outer skin layer of the composite lining. The lining may be applied either before the pipeline is placed into service or afterward, whether in situ or removed for maintenance or repair. For application in situ the lining is preferably more flexible than will suffice for insertion into new pipes.

Abstract: The invention provides that a resin impregnated lining tube is applied to a pipeline or passageway surface to which have been pre-applied pads impregnated with the same resin, so that the resin impregnated pads bond to the liner as curing of the resin takes place.

Abstract: The invention provides that in inserting a resin impregnated liner into a pipeline or passageway and shaping same to the passageway surface, followed by curing of the resin to form a rigid lining inside the pipeline or passageway, there are placed in the passageway reinforcing circumferential coils or members which bond to the liner and provide extra resistance to compressive hoop stress.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of forming containers useful in vacuum packaging applications which require that the packaged product be wrapped in an air-impervious enclosure.According to one aspect of the invention, the method comprises a step wherein a substrate of an air pervious, semipervious or impervious material is mold formed, and a subsequent step wherein an impervious film is applied on the molded substrate and adhered thereto to produce an impervious substrate. In another aspect, a product is placed on the impervious substrate and enclosed by an impervious film in a vacuum skin packaging process.

Abstract: A method of manufacture of pressure hose is described. An uncured tubular structure including one or more sub-units each having a radially inner tubular layer of uncured elastomer and an outer tubular layer of filamentary reinforcing elements is subjected to fluid pressure in its bore. The fluid pressure forces uncured elastomer material into the interstices of the filamentary layer of each sub-unit and consolidates the uncured structure. A cover layer of elastomer material is thereafter applied and the covered structure is cured into an integral hose.

Abstract: A method of lining a pipeline or passageway with a flexible tubular liner. The liner is caused to evert in the pipeline by a fluid under pressure, and a former is used to smooth out the everting face of the liner and evenly apply resin over the everting face.

Abstract: Containment vessels including external aircraft fuel tanks having an internal plastic liner compatible with the substance to be stored in the vessel or tank. The plastic liner is manufactured from a cold formable thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer material that can be formed to the desired material configuration of the vessel. In a fuel tank the annular structural elements of the tank can be smoothly enveloped to provide a seamless, fluid tight liner having superior physical and chemical properties.A method of cold forming the plastic liner from a tubular element to achieve a seamless liner for a containment vessel is disclosed.

Abstract: Tube to be introduced in a pipelike cavity, and where the forward end of the tube is secured to the entrance to this cavity, and the following part of the tube is introduced through this forward end by a turning inside out, and where the tube to facilitate this operation in its internal layer, which after the introducing turns outside, has build-in compression stresses and/or in its outer layer, which after introducing turns inward, has build-in tension stresses.

Abstract: The present invention provides that in the lining of a pipeline or passageway using a flexible lining comprising a resin absorbent felt, the felt is impregnated with a light curing resin, and light radiation is used for effecting the resin cure. The resin and felt are selected so as to be of a similar refractive index, and so that the resin and fibres are substantially transparent to the curing light radiation which is used. The lining is pre-impregnated and then contained a bag, envelope or sachet of opaque material to prevent it from curing prematurely.