Abstract: The invention concerns a press section for a paper machine with at least two presses which are successively passed by a web to be dewatered, the web alternately making contact with a press felt and a closed shell surface of a press roll. The first press is fashioned as a single-felted shoe press and configured such that the one web side will make contact with a first smooth press element. The second press is fashioned single-felted as well and configured such that the other web side makes contact with a second, smooth press element. A web transport system is provided between each two adjacent presses. The invention is characterized in that the web transport system features a guide roll with smooth shell surface serving to pick up the web, at least during normal operation, directly from the smooth press element of the first press.

Abstract: Method and device in the press section of a paper machine for detaching a web from a smooth mantle face of a press roll. In the method and device, a transfer zone is employed, over which a press fabric or a particular transfer fabric is passed so as to accomplish a closed draw of the web. The transfer zone as well as the fabric form a transfer nip or a transfer zone with the roll face. At the transfer point, the temperature level of the roll face and/or of the web is set or regulated so high that the pressure of saturated vapor of the water present in connection with the web and with the roll face which corresponds to the temperature level is substantially equally high as, or just little higher than, the pressure that has been set to prevail in the transfer zone, the pressure being preferably lower than the atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A press section in a paper machine through which a paper web has a closed and supported draw. The press section has at least two successive separate press nips and dewatering of the paper web is carried out at least in the first one of these press nips, preferably between two press fabrics that receive water. The last press nip in the press section is an equalizing press nip which is separate from the preceding nip and in which no substantial dewatering is performed. The paper web is passed through the equalizing press nip from the preceding dewatering press nip on a transfer belt substantially not receiving water, on its substantially straight run. This run is continued after the equalizing nip as a run of substantially the same direction, on which run, some of the elongation of the paper web in the machine direction is compensated for, which elongation takes place in the equalizing nip, by a difference in speed of the transfer belt.

Abstract: Process an device for guiding a material web. The invention pertains to a method and apparatus for guiding a material web or strip thereof toward and around a movable guide element, in a simple and safe manner, which is achieved in that, for example, in the press portion of a papermaking machine, a strip of a paper web is brought into the vicinity of a rotating guide roller and, there, an air jet extending nearly tangentially, relative to the rotatable guide roller of a blast nozzle, serves for the transport to a subsequent unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transferring a web from a forming fabric in a forming section of a paper making machine to a transfer felt or fabric is disclosed including directing the web carrying forming fabric in a substantially longitudinal direction adjacent an underside of a transfer shoe in a transfer zone the said web being positioned between the forming fabric and the transfer shoe and the transfer shoe having a substantially planer lead-in surface and an arcuate exiting surface of a predetermined radius, the lead-in surface including an arcuate trailing edge having a predetermined radius less than that of the arcuate exiting surface with the trailing edge and the exiting surface being separated by a suction opening, directing the transfer felt in a substantially longitudinal direction adjacent the underside of the transfer shoe with the transfer felt being positioned between the web and the transfer shoe, the transfer felt entering the transfer zone at an angle with respect to the forming wire, creating

Abstract: A web transfer system is disclosed which comprises an endless belt which has a first surface which is elastic and which is structured and arranged to come into direct contact with a web in a press section and a second surface which is not in contact with the web. The endless belt has an inner core, which is located between the first surface and the second surface. The inner core is made from a material which is less elastic than the first surface. The web transfer system also comprises a hard roll and at least one pressure roll which presses the endless belt into direct contact against the hard roll. When the endless belt is pressed against the hard roll, it is deformed so as to doff the web from the hard roll directly and convey the web with the endless belt. No suction force is imposed on the endless belt.

Abstract: A wet-press arrangement. The flexible press jacket of a shoe press roll removes the web to be dewatered in a first press nip directly from the wire on which the web has been formed. The web then passes, together with the press jacket, through a second press nip which is developed as a felted, lengthened press nip. The web then passes through a third press nip where it is transferred from the smooth outer surface of the press jacket onto the smooth outer surface of a press roll. The web then travels, together with the latter roll, through a fourth press nip, which again is developed as a felted, lengthened press nip. Following that, the web still follows the press roll up to a place of web removal.

Abstract: A wet portion of a paper machine, including a wire section and a pressing section has a plurality of roll presses. Each roll press includes two rolls defining a press nip. A water impervious belt having a smooth, non-porous surface is disposed in a continuous loop about at least two roll press rolls disposed consecutively with respect to a direction of conveyance of a paper web through the machine. Each press roll is associated with at least one counter roll or one shoe roll defining first and second press nips of the pressing section. The belt deflects about 180.degree. about each of the press rolls.

Abstract: A suction roll for a paper machine in which a stationary suction shoe is arranged inside a revolving mantle loop and is connected to a source of negative pressure. The mantle loop is a substantially water-receiving and permeable fabric-sock loop that receives water and is, in a preferred embodiment, supported by means of guide members arranged inside the loop. The suction shoe is provided with a permeable guide deck against which the inner face of the fabric-sock loop glides.

Abstract: A curved suction box apparatus is disclosed for guiding a web towards a nip of a nip press. The apparatus includes an initial shoe which is disposed upstream relative to the nip, the shoe defining a convex surface for guiding the web. A box is disposed downstream relative to the initial shoe for guiding the web from the initial shoe. The box is connected to a partial vacuum.

Abstract: In a known method of rebuilding a conventional tissue machine having a conventional C-wrap type twin wire forming section to a TAD machine, a TAD section, which includes a looped TAD fabric (24) and at least one TAD cylinder (22) located inside of the TAD fabric loop for thermally predrying the formed paper web (13) by passing hot air through the web, is incorporated in the machine.

Abstract: A transfer belt for eliminating an open draw between a press in a papermachine and a transfer point has a supporting base with a particle-filled polymer coating. The coating, which constitutes the paper side of the transfer belt, carries the paper sheet from a press nip in a closed draw to a transfer point without sheet flutter or drop-off. At the transfer point, the paper sheet is readily released to another sheet-conveying papermachine-clothing product. The transfer belt may carry the sheet through more than one press nip. The transfer belt surface has a pressure-responsive recoverable degree of roughness, which is made relatively smooth by compression in the press nip, allowing the thin, almost continuous water film to form between the transfer belt and the paper sheet. When leaving the press nip, the paper sheet is held to the transfer belt by the thin, almost continuous water film.

Abstract: A pick-up roll apparatus is disclosed for picking up a tail of a web from a forming wire and for transferring the tail to a press felt wrapping around a portion of the apparatus. The apparatus includes a perforate rotatable shell which is disposed adjacent to the forming wire, the shell having a first and a second end. A stationary core is disposed within the shell, the core defining a tail box which is bounded by the shell. The tail box is disposed adjacent to one of the ends of the shell and is selectively connected to a source of partial vacuum such that when the tail of the web is cut on the forming wire, the tail is drawn from the forming wire onto the press felt which wraps around the rotatable shell. The core also defines a downstream chamber which extends between the first end and the second end of the shell.

Abstract: In a web pick-up device and a method of using the pick-up device in the press section of a paper machine, the running web makes contact, in a press gap, with a smooth rotating surface from which the web runs off at a point of pickup (A). The rotating surface and a suction box form together, in the area of the pickup point (A), a gap through which runs a porous conveyer belt which receives the fibrous web. The suction box is pivotably mounted and has in the area of the point of pickup (A) a sliding surface across which slides the conveyer belt, and which during operation is arranged at an adjustable spacing from the smooth surface. The spacing is determined by a stop on which bears the suction box during operation, under the effect of a flexible lift device.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for passing a fibre web (25) from a wire (3) of a former (1) through a press section (2) including at least three nips (N1, N2, N3) each formed by a pair of press rolls. The method involves transferring the web (25) from the wire (3) onto a sucession of press felts (7) and passing it through the nips (N1, N2, N3) so that it is all the time from the separating point of the web (25) and the wire (3) at least up to the third nip (N3) supported on both sides and in contact with at least one felt (7, 13, 18) acting as a support element. Another support element includes suction zones in various ones of the press rolls for causing air pressure to press the web against the press felt on which it is being conveyed.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a forming section for forming a web from stock. The apparatus also includes a press section which is disposed downstream relative to the forming section for removing a portion of water from the formed web. The press section includes a suction pick-up roll disposed downstream relative to the forming section for picking up the formed web from the forming section. A press felt extends around the suction pick-up roll such that in use of the apparatus, the formed web is picked up from the forming section and is supported by the press felt. An extended nip press is disposed downstream relative to the pick-up means. The press includes a rotatable backing roll and a pressing shoe which cooperates with the backing roll for defining therebetween an elongate pressing section. A bearing blanket movably extends through the pressing section with the blanket cooperating with the suction pick-up roll such that the formed web is transferred from the press felt to the blanket.

Abstract: A stationary drainage device for a papermaking machine is described including a drainage box which may have a plurality of vacuum chambers and a stationary curved cover formed by cover strips of ceramic material separated by drainage slots. The cover includes a central cover strip of greater width than the other cover strips on opposite sides thereof. A pressure roll presses the paper sheet and the porous conveyor transporting such sheet across the curved cover of the drainage device, against the curved upper surface of the central cover strip at a nip position spaced from the drainage slots and the other cover strips for greater dewatering efficiency. The stationary drainage device may be mounted at the output of the forming section as a stationary couch device or in the press section as a felt conveyor cleaning and dewatering device.

Abstract: A press section in a paper machine includes, in the direction of web run, two successive, separate press nips for dewatering a web, the web passing between the nips in a closed draw. The first nip is formed between two, preferably hollow-faced, press rolls. The press section includes a first fabric which picks up the web from the forming wire. The press section comprises at least three fabrics of which one acts as a press fabric in the first press nip and another acts as a press fabric and/or as a transfer fabric both in the first as well as in the second nip. The web is transferred from the last press nip of the press section to the drying section. The last press nip is formed by an extended-nip press and has a nip zone with a length substantially longer than the length of the press zone of the preceding roll nip.

Abstract: A transfer apparatus is disclosed for transferring a web from a press nip to a dryer section. The apparatus includes a backing roll and a press member which cooperates with the backing roll for defining therebetween the press nip. A press blanket extends through the press nip such that the web is disposed between the blanket and the backing roll during passage of the web through the press nip. A backing drum is disposed downstream relative to the press nip such that the blanket and the web extend contiguously relative to each other from the press nip to the backing drum. A dryer felt cooperates with the backing drum such that the web is disposed between the blanket and the felt during passage of the blanket, web and felt around the backing drum and a transfer mechanism is disposed adjacent to the backing drum for transferring the web without an open draw from the blanket to the felt such that the web follows the felt through the dryer section.

Abstract: A press section of a paper machine includes, in the direction of web run, at least three successive, separate press nips for dewatering a web, the web passing between the nips in a closed draw. The web is dewatered in the first nip through both of its faces. The press section includes at least one upper fabric and lower fabrics, the first fabrics in the direction of web run being water-receiving fabrics arranged such that one of the first fabrics acts as a press fabric in the first nip while the other of the first fabrics acts as a press fabric both in the first as well as in the second nip. Of the second fabrics in the direction of web run, the upper fabric is a water-receiving press fabric while the second lower fabric is a substantially non-water receiving transfer fabric or belt on which the web is transferred from the third press nip to the following drying section as a closed draw.

Abstract: Apparatus for transferring a newly formed paper web from the forming fabric over a couch roll in a papermaking machine includes a transfer roll which guides a pick-up felt into nipping engagement with the paper web over the couch roll. The nip is located intermediate the circumferentially spaced ends of a vacuum zone on the surface of the couch roll. The web with the forming fabric on one side and the pick-up felt on the other side is guided onto the transfer roll surface by the forming fabric downstream of the nip and is transferred onto the pick-up felt. The transfer roll has a vacuum zone located downstream of where it is wrapped by the forming fabric. The application of pressure on the web over the couch roll prior to, and in conjunction with, the nip operates to further dewater the web as well as to facilitate its transfer to the pick-up felt.

Abstract: A web former for a paper machine having a lower-wire loop which forms an initial single-wire part of a dewatering zone. The former also includes a top-wire unit which includes an upper wire which forms a twin-wire dewatering zone together with the lower wire. The former also includes a first forming roll in a direction of web travel that is provided with an open hollow face and is fitted inside the upper-wire loop. The twin-wire forming zone begins in conjunction with the first forming roll. There is a forming shoe inside the lower-wire loop which is provided with a curved deck that guides the lower-wire loop. The former includes a second forming roll fitted inside the upper wire loop and situated after the forming shoe. A device for collecting water is provided in the former and operates without any external suction source, with dewatering being based upon kinetic energy of water that is being removed and/or upon gravity.

Abstract: A papermaking machine is modified by replacing a conventional rotatable couch roll by a stationary couch device that still serves the essential functions of the roll, namely dewatering of the furnish carried by the web and modification of the direction of travel of the web to turn it down towards the main drive roll. This stationary device is made of an abrasion resistant ceramic material and has a member with a convexly curved upper surface on which the web slides. Water is sucked from the furnish by a vacuum applied through perforations in the member. The majority of these perforations preferably take the form of slots that extend obliquely to both the transverse extent of the machine and the direction of web travel. The arrangement permits easier and more effective maintenance of the vacuum than with a couch roll and more efficient dewatering, with no rewetting of the web or furnish when leaving the couch device.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for making a paper web from stock. The apparatus includes a first and a second forming wire which cooperate together to define therebetween a web-forming section having a first and a second end. A headbox is disposed adjacent to the first end of the forming section for ejecting the stock between the wires such that the web is formed from the stock during passage of the stock from the first towards the second end of the forming section. A first felt is disposed downstream relative to the forming section with the first felt running contiguously relative to the second wire such that the second wire is disposed between the first felt and the web. A second felt is disposed downstream relative to the forming section and on the opposite side of the web relative to the first felt.

Abstract: A transfer apparatus is disclosed for transferring a web from a press section to a first dryer of a dryer section. The apparatus includes a lead-in roll which is disposed closely adjacent to the press section. A felt extends around the lead-in roll and from the lead-in roll to the first dryer such that the web extends in an "open draw" from the press section to the lead-in roll and is thereafter supported by and beneath the felt towards a dryer nip defined between the felt and the first dryer. A vacuum generating device is disposed adjacent to the dryer nip such that the web and the felt are disposed between the vacuum generating device and the first dryer. The web is disposed between the felt and the first dryer, and the vacuum generating device induces a partial vacuum in the vicinity of the nip so that wrinkling and breakage of the web as the web approaches the nip is inhibited.

Abstract: A press apparatus is disclosed for pressing water from a web which extends from a forming section to the press apparatus and subsequently from the press apparatus to a drying section. The apparatus includes a pick-up roll which is disposed closely adjacent to the forming section for picking up the formed web from the forming section. A downstream roll couple defines therebetween a first nip for pressing a first portion of water from the formed web. A transfer felt cooperates with the pick-up roll and the first roll couple for transferring the web from the pick-up roll to the first nip. A press roll is disposed downstream relative to the first nip and a first backing roll cooperates with the press roll for defining therebetween a second nip. A second backing roll is disposed downstream relative to the second nip with the second backing roll cooperating with the press roll for defining therebetween a third nip.

Abstract: A bulky, embossed, fibrous web material having a basis weight in the range of 5 to 50 lbs./ream and geometric means tensile strength (TS) (kg/3" width), apparent bulk (AB) (cal. pts./lb. ream), and oil holding capacity (OH) (ml/gm fiber) substantially satisfying, in absolute values, the relationships (0.27 BW-1) TS>(0.17 BW-1), AB>[0.7-(TS.div.20)], and OH 0.063TS.sup.2 -1.13TS+8.6. The invention includes an apparatus and a method of manufacturing the product comprising wet pressing a fibrous web to about 30% to 50% solids, conveying the web to a transfer position proximate the three-dimensional surface of an embossing fabric moving at a speed less than that of the web at the transfer position, and applying a vacuum to the web through the embossing fabric to transfer and conform the web to the three-dimensional surface of the fabric, the vacuum magnitude being in the range of 1 to 20 inches Hg.

Abstract: A sheet of fibrous web material having opposite smooth surfaces, an apparent bulk in the range of about 0.10 to about 0.20 caliper pts/lb ream and a machine direction stretch of at least 8%, wherein surface undulations on the opposite smooth surfaces of the sheet have an amplitude variance of less than 0.0002 inch. The invention includes an apparatus and a method of manufacturing the product comprising partially dewatering a wet fibrous web to about 30% to 50% solids, conveying the web to a compression nip defined by a smooth-surfaced roll and a smooth-surfaced fabric material, moving the fabric material at a speed of about 10% to 20% less than the surface speed of the smooth-surfaced roll, compressing the web in the nip with a compression force of less than 15 lbs/linear inch, with an average pressure of less than about 50 psi in the compression nip, and drying the web. The dried web has an apparent bulk less than 0.20 caliper pts/lb ream.

Abstract: A closed press section of a paper machine for removing water from the paper web passing therethrough. A compact press roll combination is provided with several press nips being formed in association with various rolls, and between which the web runs supported by roll surfaces without substantially long free draws. The press section comprises a first nip formed by two press suction rolls, through which two felts pass, the first felt functioning as a pick-up felt and moving the web from a pick-up point through the first press nip, and the second felt moving the web from the first nip to the second press nip of the press section. The second press nip is formed at a lower circumference of a smooth-surfaced, large diameter center roll, through which the second felt runs.

Abstract: A press apparatus is disclosed for pressing a moving web formed on a forming wire. The apparatus includes a frame and a first plurality of rolls rotatably secured to the frame. A first continuous felt extends around the first plurality of rolls which include a pickup roll disposed adjacent to the wire for transferring the web from the wire onto the first felt. The first plurality of rolls also includes a first press roll which is disposed downstream relative to the pickup roll. A second continuous felt extends around a second plurality of rolls with the second felt cooperating with the first felt. The second plurality of rolls includes a second press roll which cooperates with the first press roll for defining therebetween a first nip. The web is urged against the second felt when the web emerges from the first nip and the second felt and supported web pass through a second nip defined by an extended nip press disposed downstream relative to the first nip.

Abstract: A system of treating web material wherein the web is transported within a differential relative velocity nip defined by a web support surface and a pick-up member having voids, therein and having a relative velocity differing from that of the support surface at the nip location. Substantially simultaneously with the web treatment the web is applied to the pick-up member with the web impressed into the voids to lock the web against movement relative to the pick-up member.

Abstract: A closed press section of a paper machine in which a paper web leaving the wire section of the paper machine is passed, supported by a first upper fabric, through a first double-felted press nip formed by two hollow-faced rolls. The lower fabric in the first double-felted press nip is a second fabric which carries the web forwardly after the first press nip. The press section further includes a smooth-faced central roll against which at least two single-felt nips are formed, the press fabric in the first one of the single-felt nips being constituted by the second fabric. The web is detached from the second fabric and adheres to the face of the smooth-faced central roll and moves along therewith into the next single-felt nip. The press section is devoid of press rolls of the suction type with the first double-felted press nip being formed between two solid-mantle hollow-faced rolls.

Abstract: Pulp sheet take-off apparatus which allows removal of drum valve parts from existing high vacuum rotary drum filters and significantly increases the production capability of existing and newly designed high vacuum rotary drum filters includes an enclosed take-off chamber that is mounted immediately adjacent and parallel to the face of the filter drum on the descending side thereof, the chamber being connected by piping to the filter drum barometric leg or other subatmospheric pressure source as a means of maintaining subatmospheric pressure in the chamber equal to or less than the internal pressure of the filter drum.

Abstract: A press section for a running fibrous web, and a method of pressing therein. The press section comprises a first press zone, means for passing the fibrous web in a closed draw to the first press zone, means for changing running direction of the web after the first press zone to substantially reverse the running direction thereof, a second press zone disposed after the means for changing the running direction of the web, and a central roll forming a part of the first and second press zones, with the first and second press zones being disposed substantially opposite one another about the central press roll and constituting means for compensating compression load and weight of the central press roll, and also comprising means for directing the web in a closed draw out of the press section after the second press zone.

Abstract: A paper machine press with a web being picked off a forming wire and passed through a first two roll nip sandwiched between upper and lower felts, the web transferred to the lower felt and then to a felt of a second press with the second double felted press being an extended nip type formed between an upper roll and a lower concave shoe with a relieved leading edge and a water impervious belt passing through the nip sliding over the shoe with the belt being guided on an annular stationary guide, the web transferred to the upper felt following the extended nip by a suction shoe within the felt and thereafter the web being transferred to a fifth felt.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a web wherein a fiber suspension from a head box is fed on a section of a forming wire formed by a first, substantially horizontal dewatering zone, and where the web being formed is thereafter led to a second dewatering zone where an upper wire is caused to cover said web, and both wires together with the web between them are led over a turning member. In the twin wire dewatering zone the wires bend upwards. After the turning member the web runs further linearly between the wires obliquely upwards. The web and the lower wire run around a pick-up suction roll and the upper wire leaves the web. The dewatering in the dewatering zones occurs only in one direction, i.e. through the forming wire.

Abstract: A press section of a paper machine has no suction rollers. The paper web is first conducted through a first two-fabric press nip supported by a first fabric which, in conjunction with a pick-up roller, serves as a pick-up fabric. The press section has press rollers in closed roller combination defining press nips with each other. A first two of the press rollers are provided with solid recessed surfaces. A third of the press rollers is a smooth-surface central roller of the press section. The second fabric serves as a press fabric at least in the first two-fabric press nip. The web is conducted through the first press nip defined by the first and second press rollers interposed between the first and second fabrics. The web is conducted through a second press nip supported by the first or second fabric. The second press nip is defined between the second press roller and the third press roller.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for guiding a fibrous web from a press section to a drying section, such as guiding a paper web from the press section to the drying section in a paper-making machine. The apparatus comprises a fetching roll adapted to guide the web passing from the press section onto a drying wire from the drying section passing about the fetching roll, and means for urging the web and drying wire against one another as the web is passed to the drying section, this urging means disposed between the fetching roll and the drying section in a running direction of the web and wire. The method of the present invention comprises passing the web from the press section onto a drying wire passing about a fetching roll, and urging the web and drying wire against each other as the drying wire passes from the fetching roll to the drying section.

Abstract: A closed press section of a paper machine in which a paper web leaving the wire section of the paper machine is passed, supported by a first upper fabric, through a first double-felted press nip formed by two hollow-faced rolls. The lower fabric in the first double-felted press nip is a second fabric which carries the web forwardly after the first press nip. The press section further includes a smooth-faced central roll against which at least two single-felt nips are formed, the press fabric in the first one of the single-felt nips being constituted by the second fabric. The web is detached from the second fabric and adheres to the face of the smooth-faced central roll and moves along therewith into the next single-felt nip. The press section is devoid of press rolls of the suction type with the first double-felted press nip being formed between two solid-mantle hollow-faced rolls.

Abstract: An improvement in a web-forming section of a paper machine intended as a modernization of a fourdrinier-wire part by which an improved formation of the web and an adjustable dewatering thereof by which better retention and desired distribution of fillers and fines is achieved.

Abstract: A multi-nip press portion or section of a paper or cardboard machine wherein a web is detached from a forming wire by a pick-up roller and transferred onto a first fabric which carries the web into the first nip and wherein the press section includes at least two water-removing press nips which include a common smooth-surface central roller. The central roller has a downwardly facing open sector with which a scraper is associated for passing the web in the case of a break to a pulper or the like. The first nip, which can constitute a press nip and/or a transfer nip is formed by a counter-roller situated in nip-defining relationship with the pick-up roller. A second fabric passes through the first nip over the counter-roller and carries the web on its upper face from the first nip to a second double-fabric nip through which the second fabric, constituting a lower fabric, and a third fabric, constituting an upper fabric pass.

Abstract: A paper making machine contains a filter or screen cylinder and an external filter or wire guided over guide rolls, the external filter or wire being trained about the filter cylinder. The stock suspension is introduced by means of a free jet-headbox between the cylinder and the external filter, into an essentially linear portion of the external filter or wire, if desired while carrying out a dewatering operation. The removal of the fiber web or fleece is accomplished directly from the filter cylinder on to a felt web.

Abstract: A procedure for dewatering and detaching a paper web from the second former wire. The composite of first and second wire and interposed web is contacted with a first cover part of a special suction box. A roll guiding the second wire, pressing from the side of the latter deflects its run. This pressure plus centrifugal force, and the differential pressure arising from the suction box, dewater the web. The second wire is separated to follow along with the guide roll, while web and first wire are acted on by the suction box vacuum. The first wire is then contacted with a second cover part of the suction box. A twin-wire former is also disclosed, featuring within its carrying wire loop, on its twin-wire run, a rotating forming roll deflecting the composite of wires and web as it laps a given sector of said forming roll. A special suction box at the ultimate end of the wires has a bipartite cover its parts angulated against each other and preferably planar.

Abstract: In a tissue paper making machine, a method for dewatering a tissue web without wet pressing and transferring the web onto a flow through drying cylinder including conducting a tissue web onto a pick-up fabric formed of felt and dewatering the web, without wet pressing, into the pick-up felt through the application of suction and capillary forces until the web has sufficient dry matter content to be passed to a flow through drying cylinder. The web is transferred to a flow through wire which passes over the web carrying pick-up felt at a suction roller by the application of suction over a narrow zone, the web being secured to the flow through wire by the application of additional suction over a broader suction zone.

Abstract: A paper machine has a forming wire loop which transports a web to a detachment transfer roll situated inside said wire loop at a detaching location where the web is to be detached from the wire and transported to a press section. A relatively dry felt engages the web on a sector of the detachment transfer roll at the detaching location and receives the web from the wire and continues to transport the web, while it adheres to the felt, to the press section. The detachment of the web from the wire on the detachment transfer roll is facilitated by the centrifugal force acting on the web which results from the substantial change of direction undergone by the web on the detachment transfer roll. In one embodiment, the press felt is directed to cover the web on a sector of the detachment roll by a press suction roll located on substantially the same level as the detachment transfer roll, the press roll having a suction sector which facilitates transfer of the web from the wire to the felt.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for producing a web by injecting a jet of stock between two tensioned wires and running the wires over a circumferentially grooved forming cylinder. The cylinder grooves and a zone immediately on the other side of the wires extending from the forming throat where the web is injected to the web run-off point are in direct, open communication with the ambient atmosphere so that water is drained inwardly and outwardly of the forming cylinder as the web is being formed. The jet stock size, wire speed and wire tension are adjusted in relation to the radius of the forming cylinder so that the inward and outward drainage of liquid from the web occurs in relative amounts sufficient to avoid substantial two-sidedness of the web thus produced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus in a paper making machine for transferring a web from a pick-up fabric to a flow-through drying wire for transport of the wire supported web to a flow-through dryer cylinder including passing a section of the flow-through drying wire over the web supported by the pick-up fabric thereby defining a sandwich structure of the drying wire, the web and the pick-up fabric. A first vacuum is applied by a first vacuum member on the sandwich structure from the flow-through drying wire side over a narrow first detaching zone. The direction of the pick-up fabric with respect to the flow-through drying wire is deviated and a second vacuum is applied by a second vacuum member over a second detaching zone subsequent to the first detaching zone in the direction of web travel from the drying wire side thereof thereby securing the web on the flow-through drying wire. The pick-up fabric may thus comprise either a felt or wire structure.

Abstract: A method for feeding a paper web from a forming wire and for dewatering the web including the steps of urging a pick-up felt against the web on the forming wire, adhering the web by suction to the surface of a pick-up felt, transferring the web onto a transfer felt which wraps a transfer roll, the latter being contiguous to the pick-up roll, passing the web on the transfer felt to a first dewatering press nip formed by an upper suction press roll and a cavernous surface lower press roll, the latter operating inside the transfer felt loop while the suction roll operates inside its own felt loop, pressing the web in the first press nip to dewater the web in two directions i.e.

Abstract: In a paper-manufacturing machine a web is subjected to suction by placing a space between the web and a suction roll lapped thereby in communication with a region of substantially less than atmospheric pressure which is maintained at a part of the suction roll which is not lapped by the web. The structure includes a jacket which defines with the part of the suction roll which is not lapped by the web a hollow region with which a source of suction communicates. This hollow region of less than atmospheric pressure is situated at the exterior of the suction roll and bounded in part by an exterior surface of the suction roll, so that the hollow interior of the shell of the suction roll need not necessarily be utilized for providing the suction at the web.

Abstract: A two-wire papermaking system for the formation of paper from paper slurry includes a first section where the slurry is maintained under pressure in a condition of minimum pond height under the guidance of a looped lower (bottom) web carrying wire having a single run over a progressive series of independently controlled dewatering boxes immediately prior to passage from the headbox through the adjacent slice and a second section comprising two wires (the said web carrying wire and a looped top or covering wire) facing each other (and between which the forming web is enclosed) and guided conjointlyover a dewatering roll to follow a downwardly curved path while secondary dewatering ensues through the top wire due to centrifugal forces before passage over a suction transfer roll where a first transfer from the bottom (forming) wire to the top wire ensues preparatory to passage over a vacuum transfer box for a second transfer from the top wire to a wet web saturator fabric or a through dryer fabric for delivery o