Abstract: A continuous machine for the manufacture of fiber-containing materials such as paper, which comprises a rotating cylinder partly immersed in a body of liquid containing fibers in suspension. The surface of the cylinder comprises permeable and impermeable areas arranged in a predetermined pattern, and fibers are drawn onto the permeable areas by suction from within the cylinder, the layers of fibers formed on these areas being transferred to a conveyor belt which contacts the cylinder surface at a zone out of contact with the liquid. The surface of the cylinder is washed upstream of the transfer zone to remove fibers and other particles which may adhere to the impermeable areas of the cylinder surface by feeding cleansing liquid, such as pure water, across an overflow edge into a space adjacent the cylinder so that the cleansing liquid flows parallel to the impermeable areas.

Abstract: A fibrous web is continuously formed between inner and outer endless foraminous forming belts between which stock slurry is fed from a headbox, the belts being held in tension as they wrap a first convexly curved forming run surface from which the outer belt is separated immediately following the forming run, the inner belt carrying the wet web then running over a second convexly curved surface from the offrunning side of which the inner belt is then separated and a porous pickoff belt is pressed by a substantial convex area of an imperforate pickup roll against the wet web on the inner belt, the inner belt being guided to diverge from the pickoff belt commencing at the off-running end of the convex area of contact of the pickup roll and the wet web being forced to adhere to the pickoff belt by the vacuum action of the imperforate surface of the pickup roll. By multiplication of the apparatus a multiply web can be formed.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a method and apparatus for use in the manufacture of paper and board in which pulp in suspension is directed at such an angle and at such a speed towards a screen travelling at a determined speed that the resultant direction of travel of the pulp relative to the screen is substantially at right angles to the screen. In a preferred form of the invention, the pulp suspension is discharged onto the screen as a curtain which extends across a substantial portion of the width of the screen. The invention also provides a chamber into which the pulp is discharged onto the screen, the chamber being sealed at inlet and outlet ends by rollers. The invention further provides for a pulp web formed on the screen to be transferred from the screen onto the roller at the outlet end by means of discharge vents located below the roller and the screen.

Abstract: In a vertical twin-wire paper machine, the initial forming zone is a wedge-shaped zone defined by a small number of deflectors arranged to bring the two wires into pressure engagement with the sheet therebetween and to remove the initial free or rapidly draining water from between the wires as quickly as possible, consistent with good sheet formation with the economical retention of formed components. The two wires and the sheet therebetween travel through a pressure zone which includes a convexly curved intermittent surface and guide rolls arranged to guide the wires from the wedge zone into wrapping engagement with the intermittent surface under tension causing pressure on the sheet and continued extrusion of liquid through one or both wires.

Abstract: The use of a pressure roll in a water control system for suction rolls generally and couch rolls particularly for a papermaking process of the type wherein water is removed from the wet paper web that has been run around the roll and wherein a surface tension covering is provided around the periphery of the couch roll on at least a portion of the couch roll and a water control zone is provided within the couch roll to control the water removed from the paper to the surface tension member with variations of the pressure within the water control zone to directionally control the discharge of water off the couch roll in a predetermined pattern for deposit in the water collecting pan provided in proximity to the couch roll.The pressure roll, having a new soft rubber covering, is mounted in face-to-face pressure engagement against the couch roll, with the pressure nip therebetween located in the water collecting zone preferably within one to one-and-a-half inches of the beginning of the water collecting zone.

Abstract: The separator of the machine is constructed to retain the paper web on the inner (upper) wire upon separation of the two wires. To this end, the separator positions the roll for the outer (lower) wire downstream of the point of separation of the two wires. A suction box can be used in the separator roll to assist in retaining the paper web on the inner wire (FIG. 1). The inner wire extends from the separator along a straight run which defines an angle of less than 90.degree. relative to the straight path traversed by the two wires upstream of the separator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improvement in the feeding of a wet web of paper from the fourdrinier wire of a paper making machine, at the couch roll thereof, to the felt of the adjacent first press section. A corner roll of the press section, with the felt entrained therearound is adjacent the couch roll, and a draw roll is positioned above the corner roll and slightly downstream thereof relative to the couch roll. The draw roll is in contact with the wet web on the felt and is driven thereby. This configuration results in fewer breaks and a cleaner web, thereby increasing productivity and reducing downtime.

Abstract: A paper machine has a wire which transports a web to a detaching location where the web is to be detached from the wire and transported to a press section. A felt travels up to and beyond the detaching location to engage the web at the detaching location and receive the web from the wire while continuing to transport the web, while it adheres to the felt, to the press section. At the detaching location, by way of a structure which preferably is in the form of a suction box, a flow of air is created to travel first through the wire, then through the web, and then through the felt with this flow of air being highly localized so as to travel only through a relatively narrow rectangular area which extends transversely across the felt throughout the entire width thereof as well as the entire width of the web and wire.

Abstract: A paper machine has a pair of endless wire loops respectively having elongated portions which travel together upwardly along a common path where the wire loops form a twin-wire former. This common path has a lower receiving end for receiving pulp stock from which a web is to be formed and an upper discharge end from which a web issues from the twin-wire former while being transported by one of the endless wire loops beyond the discharging end of the common path. A lower forming roll around which the endless wire loops are lapped determines the lower receiving end of the common path as well as an initial portion of the common path along which the wire loops travel together. An upper forming roll is also lapped by the endless wire loop and determines the discharge end of the common path as well as a final portion thereof.

Abstract: A paper-making machine roll press or mill comprising a suction press roll over which there is trained a press felt, and which simultaneously serves for the direct transfer of a web of paper from a wire. A take-off press roll cooperates with the suction press roll to form a press station. The take-off press roll serves for the transfer of the paper web from the suction press roll and for the delivery thereof to a downstream part of the paper-making machine. An additional press station is provided between the suction press roll and the take-off press roll and is formed by a contact-pressure roll over which there is trained a felt. The contact-pressure roll comprises a hydrostatic flexure adjusting or controlled deflection roll having a shell mounted to be rotatable about its lengthwise axis and displaceable in the press direction relative to a fixed or stationary support.

Abstract: A roller to de-water fiber suspensions comprises a perforated drum having open ended radial cells formed in the wall thereof. The cells are defined by blades or bridges which form an angle with the radius of the drum at least at the forward end of the bridges by being slanted forward from the radius in the direction of rotation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously forming a fibrous web in which a fibrous suspension is injected into a tapered throat formed by two running wires pervious to the suspension and converging to the periphery of an impermeable roll; the wires and the injected suspension therebetween are transported over a portion of the periphery of the roll under tension to form and dewater the injected suspension; as the wires run off the forming and dewatering roll, the web is sucked loose from the outer wire and it and the wires are transported over a convexly curved surface under tension; and the web is separated from the outer wire by off-running in the direction away from the convexly curved surface while the inner wire runs off that surface with the web, the convexly curved surface being impermeable at least at the wire separation location.

Abstract: The transfer of a fibrous web in a paper-making machine from a first foraminous belt to a second foraminous belt is facilitated by applying water to the side of the first belt opposite from the side on which the web is carried partially to wet the web, leading the second belt into engagement with the fibrous web before or after wetting it, and after the web is wet, and while the second belt is in engagement with the web, causing the water or gas pressure on the side of the web adhering to the first belt to exceed the water or gas pressure on the side of the web adjacent to the second belt.

Abstract: The web forming, guiding and/or transferring cylinder in the wire section of a papermaking machine has a deformable foraminous shell which is made of filamentary material and the end portions of which are clamped to rigid rotary ring-shaped end walls. The cylinder surrounds a rigid stationary back support which engages the internal surface of the shell opposite that portion of the external surface of the shell which contacts the web. The back support has grooves and/or ports which convey expelled liquid from the web into a suction chamber for admission into the saveall of the papermaking machine. One of the end walls is movable axially to change the axial tensional stress upon the shell. The back support has a convex external surface whose center of curvature may but need not be located on the axis of the cylinder.

Abstract: The auxiliary roll of the separating system is located downstream of the main roll and is spaced from the main roll at a distance less than 0.25 times the diameter of the auxiliary roll and greater than the combined thickness of the two wires and paper web therebetween, e.g. a distance of 10 millimeters. A separating wall is located between the main roll and main wire on the upstream side to block the entry of air between the main wire and main roll. The spacing of the two rolls ensures a positive separation of the paper web on the main wire.

Abstract: A paper machine wherein a pick-up roll or felt are eliminated. A pair of endless fabrics and forming rolls cooperating therewith provide with the pair of endless fabrics an ascending twin-wire former and in advance of the twin-wire former a single-wire former. One of these endless fabrics has an upper run extending laterally from the twin-wire former and carries the web formed at the twin-wire former beyond the latter on an upper surface of this upper run. A pair of press rolls include lower and upper press rolls which define a first press nip through which the above upper run travels together with an endless felt which is lapped around the upper press roll so that this endless felt and the above upper run are sandwiched between the press rolls with the web travelling beyond the first press nip together with the endless felt around part of the upper press roll.

Abstract: A paper machine, particularly adapted for manufacturing tissue paper, has inner and outer endless fabrics, each in the form of a wire or felt, guided around a smooth forming roll where the inner fabric is situated next to the forming roll between the latter and the outer fabric to define at the forming roll a curved twin-wire former. The outer fabric has an elongated portion situated in advance of the twin-wire former and spaced from the inner fabric to form a single-wire former which receives stock from a headbox and with which a suitable dewatering structure cooperates so that a considerable amount of water has been removed from the web forming on the single-wire former by the time the web reaches the twin-wire former. At the end of the twin-wire former distant from the single-wire former, the inner and outer fabrics are separated from each other and the web is transferred to the inner fabric by way of the normal table roll effect between the inner fabric and the smooth forming roll.

Abstract: A suction head or a pick-up roll in a paper machine is mounted on a pivotable lever and is movable therewith between an operative position, an intermediate position at a short distance from the operative position, and a retracted position at a substantial distance from the operative position by two hydraulic cylinder and piston units whose cylinders are articulately connected to the frame and whose piston rods are articulately connected to the lever. The piston rods are rigid with first pistons, and each unit further comprises an annular second piston which surrounds the respective piston rod. Admission of pressurized fluid into a first chamber of each cylinder results in movement of the second pistons from first to second positions to thereby move the lever from operative to intermediate position through the medium of the first pistons and piston rods.

Abstract: A web pickup and drying apparatus in a papermaking machine for producing a high bulk paper tissue web while carrying the web throughout its travel from pickup off the forming wire through the drying stages on the surface of a fabric, felt or dryer roll. After pickup, the web is first subjected to a thru-air (transpiration) dryer from which it is applied to the surface of a large diameter dryer roll. There is no conventional press section to reduce bulk before the web is dry.

Abstract: An apparatus for transporting a sheet of a flexible material between a first and a second position. The apparatus includes an elongated frame and an air-pervious endless belt movably mounted on first and second pulleys positioned at each end of the frame. The belt has its upper rung travelling from the first pulley, adjacent the first position, to the second pulley, adjacent the second position, and is arranged to receive a lead strip of the sheet from the first position. A vacuum chest having a perforated top extends longitudinally of and below the upper rung of the belt. There are means for evacuating air from the chest in order to apply a vacuum at the undersurface of the belt and thereby cause the lead strip to cling to the belt. The apparatus has means defining an opening where the sheet leaves the belt and an air jet means able to direct air through the opening.

Abstract: The paper making machine is of compact construction and uses a suction roll as a guide roll for the felt web to aid in removing the paper web from the wire to the felt web and to press the felt web and paper web against the drying roll to aid in transferring the paper web to the drying roll. Secondary pressure rolls may also be used downstream of the suction roll for dewatering purposes. Also, a blower means is used to assist transfer of the paper web from the wire to the felt web.

Abstract: A wire is passed over the suction breast roll between the formed paper web and the doffer belt or the previously formed paper webs and doffer belt. The doffer felt is disposed in an unencumbered fashion over each of a plurality of consecutive suction breast rolls. The wire is removed from the web at a downstream point outside the dewatering influence of each breast roll. Stripping of the wire from the paper web is aided by various suction devices or couch rolls at this latter point.

Abstract: A paper-making machine has a plurality of drying cylinders for removing moisture from a wet web. The drying cylinders are arranged so that some of them are located in an upper plane and are hollow and have their interior connected to a source of suction, and others are located in a lower plane and are heated to form contact heaters. An endless traveling carrier band is trained about these cylinders in such a manner that its one surface which carries the wet web faces away from the hollow cylinders as it travels about them and faces towards the heated cylinders as it travels about the latter.

Abstract: Structure for facilitating separation of a web and wire in a paper machine. Steam is supplied to the wire at the separating location where the web and wire separate from each other at a side of the wire opposite from the side where the web forms so as to facilitate separation of the web and wire from each other. Steam is supplied from the interior of a container which has a foraminous wall directly engaging the wire so that through the pores of the foraminous wall the steam will discharge to be conducted to the wire. The structure is particularly suitable in connection with twin-wire formers as well as in connection with the manufacture of tissue paper.

Abstract: A papermaking machine of the Fourdrinier type having a machine wire which passes about a breast roll adjacent a head box and which passes around a further curved guide member spaced from the breast roll and about which guide member there is also entrained a belt in the form of a felt or additional wire. Beneath the machine wire between the breast roll and the curved guide member is a suction region which is characterized in that it is free of any wire supports or the like which would create pressure impulses in the suspension on the wire, which pressure impulses would interfere with the formation of the paper sheet.

Abstract: A paper forming machine includes at least one porous rotatable cylinder. An inner forming fabric or media in mesh form (hereinafter referred to as "inner forming media") is guided through a path around the cylinder and has a straight portion immediately before the cylinder. An outer forming fabric or media in mesh form (hereinafter referred to as "outer forming media") is guided so as to form a closing angle over the straight path of the inner forming media toward the uppermost portion of the cylinder, and is guided around a portion of the cylinder over the inner forming media and through a path in juxtaposition with the inner forming media leading away from the cylinder. Paper is formed by depositing a paper forming material slurry on the straight portion of the inner forming media which is porous so that the slurry becomes partly dehydrated and the fibers become oriented in the direction of movement.

Abstract: A paper making apparatus for producing sheets of paper at speeds in excess of 200 m/minute. A breast roll and a wire cage turning cylinder are disposed above and below a forming roll. The forming roll is a hollow roll having a smooth surface. A belt passes in an S-shape over the forming roll and turning cylinder and a wire belt passes over the breast roll, forming roll and turning cylinder. The head box discharges raw material between the wire belt and the S-shaped belt, and a web is formed along the circumference of the forming roll over an angle of about 100.degree.. A web pick-up device is provided under the turning cylinder to separate the formed web from the wire belt.