Abstract: [Problem] It provides a sheet forming machine which can make the thickness in the width direction of a sheet forming body be uniform, and also can obtain a sheet forming body which is integrated in stripe shapes by using different raw materials or raw materials of different colors in the width direction of one sheet forming body.

Abstract: A method to manufacture a fibrous web in the form of a paper web, which is smooth on one side, by a papermaking machine having a forming area, a pressing area and a drying area. The method including picking up the paper web from the forming area by a water absorbent first press felt; guiding the paper web together with the first press felt and a smooth transfer belt through a first press nip. The smooth transfer belt being configured to substantially not absorb any water. The first press nip being a part of the pressing area. The first press felt being configured to be separated and led away from the paper web immediately after the first press nip.

Abstract: System for conveying, mixing, leveling, and flaking dewatered pulp to produce pulp flakes suitable to be used in a dryer. The system produces a consistent flow rate of pulp and uniform pulp flakes in terms of pulp flake size and pulp flake moisture content. The system includes a rotating shaftless screw conveyor for mixing and conveying dewatered pulp. The system includes a belt conveyor. The pulp is deposited from the screw conveyor onto the moving belt conveyor through a chute. The system includes a rotary doctor. The pulp is leveled with the rotary doctor located above the belt conveyor to produce a substantially even rate of mass flow of pulp along a length of belt conveyor. Uniform and consistent quantities of pulp per unit time can then be fed from the belt conveyor to a pulp flaker that then translates into an even rate of pulp mass flow to the dryer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a roll cover for treating a paper, cardboard, tissue or other fibrous web in a machine for manufacturing and/or converting them, comprising one or more plastic layers, of which at least one is of compressible configuration, and at least one carrier element in the form of a woven fabric, laid scrim or the like. Here, the loading of the support structure is intended to be reduced by at least one carrier element being embedded into a compressible plastic layer.

Abstract: This invention is directed to improvements in fibrous sheets, such as paper, incorporating an elongate impermeable element, to a method of making such paper and to documents made therefrom. The method comprises the steps of bringing an elongate flexible element into contact with a moving support surface, and depositing fibers onto the support surface to form a fibrous sheet which travels in a machine direction. The said support surface has spaced portions which prevent the substantial deposition of fibers at those portions and form windows at spaced locations in at least one surface of the sheet. The deposition of fibers is carried out in such a manner that as fibers are deposited onto the support surface the elongate element is incorporated in the sheet with regions of the element at least partially exposed at at least one surface of the sheet at said windows. At least a leading edge of the spaced portions is at an angle, in the plane of the sheet, which is not 90° to the machine direction.

Abstract: System for conveying, mixing, leveling, and flaking dewatered pulp to produce pulp flakes suitable to be used in a dryer. The system produces a consistent flow rate of pulp and uniform pulp flakes in terms of pulp flake size and pulp flake moisture content. The system includes a rotating shaftless screw conveyor for mixing and conveying dewatered pulp. The system includes a belt conveyor. The pulp is deposited from the screw conveyor onto the moving belt conveyor through a chute. The system includes a rotary doctor. The pulp is leveled with the rotary doctor located above the belt conveyor to produce a substantially even rate of mass flow of pulp along a length of belt conveyor. Uniform and consistent quantities of pulp per unit time can then be fed from the belt conveyor to a pulp flaker that then translates into an even rate of pulp mass flow to the dryer.

Abstract: Methods for dewatering a fiber suspension in a twin-wire press, having a lower wire and an upper wire, and a first and a second dewatering table, which supports the wires such that a dewatering space is defined by the wires, are disclosed. The wires transport the fiber suspension under compression of the wires by the dewatering tables, such that the fiber suspension is dewatered and forms a fiber web between the wires. A separate pressing force is applied against one of the wires, such that this wire presses the formed fiber web via the second wire against one of the dewatering tables and further dewaters the fiber web. The separate pressing force is adjusted such that a desired dryness of the fiber web leaving the dewatering tables is achieved. A twin-wire press is also disclosed.

Abstract: A diagonally joined cylindrical fabric in the form of a cylindrical endless fabric is obtained by shifting ends of facing wefts of a non-endless fabric leftward or rightward and joining together the ends of the wefts to thereby form a joining portion inclined relative to an axis of a cylinder. The cylindrical fabric comprises a weave pattern in which warp passes over continuous two or more wefts, then passes under a less number of wefts, the joining portion at ends of the fabric formed into an endless cylindrical shape is inclined relative to the axis at 25° to 5°. The surface of the cylindrical fabric is formed with crimps that are longer in a face length direction than in a circumferential direction.

Abstract: A cylinder former having a variable hydraulic pulse whilst drainage, for use in papermaking comprising a drainage means comprising a cylinder mould and a contoured member adjacent the cylinder mould having a plurality of hills and valleys which force entrained liquid through the fiber suspension forming on the cylinder mould so as to improve sheet formation. A baffle is provided in the discharge portion of the former to prevent stock build-up therein.

Abstract: A dandy pan for use with a dandy roll in the manufacturing of paper material. The construction of the dandy pan provides for reduced cracking in the surface of the dandy pan. The dandy pan includes a base portion and a top portion attached to the base portion to define an area through which steam is circulated to heat the dandy pan. A plurality of ribs are disposed in the base portion within the area. Each of the plurality of ribs is secured to the top portion by at least one weld. A spacing of the ribs of equal to or less than approximately nine inches reduces stresses on the top portion of the dandy pan. In a preferred embodiment, the ribs are spaced approximately eight inches apart.

Abstract: A profile control weir for feeding dilute pulp suspension to a pond having a cylinder rotating therein which deposits pulp fibers onto a felt. The weir includes a head box having an inlet for pulp suspension disposed in a lower portion, optionally, a making board disposed along an upper front edge of the head box over which pulp suspension flows into the pond, at least three profile control boards disposed parallel to the upper front edge of the head box, each profile control board including at least one raised portion having a flat top portion, a flat lower portion, and connecting side portion.

Abstract: Paper bearing a unique watermark having a grid pattern of translucent lines and repeating translucent diamond shapes at alternating intersections of the lines produced using a dandy roll in which the outer grid comprises a rectangular grid pattern where alternate intersections are provided with substantially diamond shapes.

Abstract: A method of producing watermark paper comprising forming a patterned wire by fixing and bonding a lace to a cloth wire for papermaking, fitting this patterned wire to a cylinder mould of a cylinder-vat machine or a dandy roll as a face wire, and making paper by using the cylinder mould or the dandy roll to which the patterned wire is fitted. This method can easily and economically produce watermark paper having a delicate and complicated lace pattern in excellent gradation.

Abstract: The multi-layer paper composed of at least three embossed plies of paper (1,2,3) having regularly distributed projections characterized in that it includes two so-called external plies (1,3) of which the respective projections (10,30) are in tip-to-tip positions and a third embossed so-called middle ply (2) of which the projections (20) nest between projections of one of the two external plies (1 or 3).

Abstract: The present invention introduces a fiber suspension thickener, particularly adapted for thickening cellulose fiber. The thickener comprises a vat; a hollow filter assembly in the form of a horizontal cylindrical drum disposed within the vat, whereby the drum may be rotated by a motor around its horizontal axis, and whereby the cirumferential walls of the drum are made of a filter material; either a spray nozzle or some other supply conduit that furnishes a fiber suspension into the interior of the vat, so that the drum becomes submerged within a pool of the fiber suspension; a discharge outlet for discharging the fiber suspension on the ascending side of the rotating drum; and a turbulence creating device, that can take many forms, for creating turbulence and mixing the fiber suspension on the ascending side of the rotating drum.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for the solvent pulping and washing of pulp using vessels purged of oxygen free gas when the process is arrested or terminated. The washing is accomplished by first continuously passing the pulp to a pressure diffuser, then to a first multi-stage drum displacer washer, and then to a second multi-stage drum displacer. In the pressure diffuser the lignin is washed out of the pulp, utilizing as wash liquid a mixture of solvent and water having a solvent concentration equal to or higher than that required by the extraction process within the digester, and at a pressure at least about 350 psi. The pressure in the second and third stages is lower, and water is the wash liquid in the third stage. Alcohol can be recovered from the spent wash liquid of the first wash stage, so that all but about ten gallons or less of alcohol per ton of pulp is recovered.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for the washing of a medium consistency fibrous slurry, especially a chemical pulp slurry in which the slurry is fed at an inclined angle onto a substantially horizontal portion of circulating filter belt, and then distributed over substantially the entire working width of the filter belt. The distributed slurry is then washed with a washing liquid under localized pressure to produce a slurry having a medium consistency range, i.e., about 8 to 15 percent. In order to increase the consistency to 20 to 40 weight percent, preferably about 30 to about 35 weight percent, the washed slurry is passed to a pressing zone.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of making sheet materials and security paper having partially embedded therein an elongate security element which is at least substantially exposed at one surface of the sheet at a plurality of spaced locations, which method comprises the steps of depositing fibres onto a moving support surface, supplying an elongate security element to overlie rotatable embedment means, which embedment means comprise a plurality of spaced-apart raised portions having recesses therebetween, introducing the security element into the fibres with rotation of the embedment means such that some fibres move into said recesses between the security element and the embedment means so that said security element is covered by fibres, and substantially preventing fibres from penetrating between the raised portions and the overlying security element.

Abstract: A cylinder type paper pulp washer or thickener apparatus includes a rotatable cylinder mold with a forming wire surface. The mold rotates at least partially submerged in a vat of dilute paper pulp stock and a differential pressure across the wire surface draws stock from the vat through the cylinder mold and forms a pulp mat on the wire surface, and a plurality of disrupters are positioned within the vat and in arcuately spaced relation to the wire surface to cause a disruption of the fiber mat which obstructs the flow of the stock liquid through the wire surface and thereby provides for the reestablishment of flow. Various disrupters are shown, including a rotating non-circular bar, a doctor blade, a foil, a fluid jet, a brush, and a triangular protuberance. A plurality of such disrupters are positioned in peripherally spaced relation to cause repeated disruption and reformation of a fiber mat to increase the throughflow and washing or thickening efficiency of the apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for texturing the surface of wet cast plastic acoustical composition during manufacture of acoustical tiles by use of spinning air rolls. In the apparatus, at least one hollow cylindrical roll that is perforated in a random manner is suspended over the surface of wet cast plastic acoustical composition, the roll being driven by a motor. The interior of the roll is preferably provided with a perforated air tube or pipeline, from which issues uniform air pressurization of the spinning roll vessel. By providing differential speed of the roll in contrast to the line speed of the wet plastic composition and different air pressurization of the roll, a wide variety of textures may be produced on the surface of the wet plastic acoustical composition.

Abstract: A forming roll positioned in the forming section of a Fourdrinier papermaking machine and supported above the forming medium in contact with one surface of a constituent material to sandwich the material between a substantial arc segment of the forming roll surface and the forming medium.

Abstract: A dandy roll useful in producing paper bearing a watermark which simulates oxford cloth and a papermaking process using the same are disclosed.

Abstract: A wire section in a paper machine includes an upper wire unit which is compact and easily exchangeable, if required, the construction of the wire section being such that old, single-wire planar wire machines can be converted to twin-wire machines. The paper machine wire section includes a lower wire having an initial single-wire run in which dewatering of a web takes place, and at least one upper wire unit following the initial single-wire run which defines a twin-wire dewatering zone with an adjacent run of the lower wire and in which dewatering of the web takes place through both the lower and upper wires. The twin wire dewatering zone is further defined by a curved, solid-cover forming shoe situated within the upper wire loop and wherein the forming shoe is preceded by a curved dewatering zone where dewatering is mainly through the upper wire.

Abstract: A longitudinal wire papermaking machine is disclosed wherein the longitudinal wire is guided in a dewatering region, following a pre-dewatering path, out of a wire plane downwardly over a deflection element and then upwardly over a downwardly domed or arched dewatering element towards the wire plane. The deflection element is arranged at a spacing K=approximately 15 to 80 mm from the dewatering element. The longitudinal wire is guided at the inlet section of the dewatering region, located between its outbound or run-off location at the deflection element and its lowest deflection location, over a negative pressure zone, for instance constituted by a suction chamber, which is effective at its underside. Hence, at the inlet section there is obtained a reduction in the suspension pressure and the fiber stock suspension is guided with an approximately constant total thickness lower into the dewatering region, i.e.

Abstract: The wet end of a fourdrinier paper machine includes a transversely disposed roll beneath the wire. The roll is shaped and mounted for rotation at a speed which is different from the speed of the wire to create pulses of negative pressure beneath the wire for drawing liquid from the web of fibers formed thereon. Also disclosed is a fin apparatus transversely disposed beneath the wire to create a wave of positive pressure thereunder to urge the formed web off of the wire.

Abstract: An improvement in the method and apparatus for fabricating asbestos-cement boards, wherein a felt band coated with fiber fleece is fed to a pair of press rollers in nip relationship and wherein the coating of the felt band with fiber fleece is effected by wet deposition on the felt band and by suction from the side opposite same.The fiber fleece obtained by wet deposition on the felt band following the deposition is condensed and dehydrated by a system consisting of a sieve cylinder and of an associated suction roller operating in nip relationship.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a method and apparatus for use in the manufacture of paper and board in which pulp in suspension is directed at such an angle and at such a speed towards a screen travelling at a determined speed that the resultant direction of travel of the pulp relative to the screen is substantially at right angles to the screen. In a preferred form of the invention, the pulp suspension is discharged onto the screen as a curtain which extends across a substantial portion of the width of the screen. The invention also provides a chamber into which the pulp is discharged onto the screen, the chamber being sealed at inlet and outlet ends by rollers. The invention further provides for a pulp web formed on the screen to be transferred from the screen onto the roller at the outlet end by means of discharge vents located below the roller and the screen.

Abstract: A shear roll is situated above an upper surface of a top run of a Fourdrinier fabric such that a lower portion of the shear roll is adapted to penetrate a pulp stock web situated on the Fourdrinier fabric. The shear roll is operated by an external source of power, the source of power adapted to drive the shear roll at a surface speed exceeding a linear speed of the fabric by greater than 3% and less than 8% of the speed of the fabric. The shear roll is situated at a location where a consistency of the pulp stock web considered on a fibre basis situated on the fabric is between 2% and 5 1/2%; and the shear roll adapted to provide a shearing action to fibre bundles and flocs situated in the pulp stock web as the pulp stock web passes between the shear roll and the fabric, there re-working the pulp stock web and re-forming the fibre network and smearing the flocs thereof.

Abstract: The web forming, guiding and/or transferring cylinder in the wire section of a papermaking machine has a deformable foraminous shell which is made of filamentary material and the end portions of which are clamped to rigid rotary ring-shaped end walls. The cylinder surrounds a rigid stationary back support which engages the internal surface of the shell opposite that portion of the external surface of the shell which contacts the web. The back support has grooves and/or ports which convey expelled liquid from the web into a suction chamber for admission into the saveall of the papermaking machine. One of the end walls is movable axially to change the axial tensional stress upon the shell. The back support has a convex external surface whose center of curvature may but need not be located on the axis of the cylinder.

Abstract: A fibrous board is formed by conventional water laid techniques such as the utilization of a Fourdrinier machine. After the board has formed and has been consolidated, it is subjected to a vacuum action to remove additional water from the wet board structure just prior to the time the wet board structure moves into an oven where final board drying is carried out.