Abstract: A composition of a ceramic layer for manufacturing a casting mould and other products, in particular intended for making castings by investment casting, comprising a liquid ceramic mass consisting of, in weight %, 50-75% of a ceramic material which is a mixture with particle-size distribution comprising minimum 90% of particles of size less than 0.

Abstract: A utility pole mold including an elongated, hollow mold body having an internally tapered end and a reservoir extending radially out therefrom. A reusable barrier member is detachably secured to the at least one wall opposite the tapered end for containing a molten metal within the reservoir. In use, a lance is inserted into the mold body and a pouring end of the lance is positioned about the reservoir. The mold body and reservoir are then rotated, and the molten metal is poured from the pouring end at a constant rate. As the lance travels along the length of the mold body at an accelerating rate, a continuous layer of the molten material is deposited within the mold body and the reservoir. Following casting, the barrier is removed from the reservoir, and the newly formed utility pole is removed from mold. That portion of the pole that was formed within the reservoir portion is then removed to provide a pole having a bottom end with a desired wall thickness and interior taper.

Abstract: A centrifugal casting method is provided for the manufacture of hollow molds and applications of this apparatus and method are provided. A centrifugal casting apparatus has a hollow mold (13) suitable for the centrifugal casting. For the manufacture of cast workpieees by the centrifugal casting method a plurality of mold cavities (14) formed by at least one hollow mold (13) are arranged and driven such that the mold cavities (14) rotate about a common axis of rotation (18). At least three mold cavities (14) which rotate in a single plane are provided.

Abstract: A centrifugal casting apparatus has a workpiece withdrawal mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and a facing material applying mechanism which are disposed parallel to each other on an axial side of a centrifugal casting mold, a unit drive mechanism for moving the workpiece withdrawal mechanism, the cleaning mechanism, and the facing material applying mechanism in unison with each other in the direction indicated by the arrow B across the axial direction indicated by the arrow A, and a pouring mechanism disposed in an opposite axial side of the centrifugal casting mold.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a casting method which employs rapid solidification of metal, rare-earth metal or the like, as well as to a casting apparatus and a cast alloy. A centrifugal casting method includes the steps of pouring a molten material onto a rotary body; sprinkling the molten material by the effect of rotation of the rotary body; and causing the sprinkled molten material to be deposited and to solidify on the inner surface of a rotating cylindrical mold. The axis of rotation of the rotary body and the axis of rotation of the cylindrical mold are caused not to run parallel to each other. The centrifugal casting method can attain a decrease in average deposition rate. As a result, generation of the dendritic &agr;Fe phase or generation of a segregation phase of Mn or the like is suppressed, thereby realizing a high-performance R-T-B-type rare-earth magnet alloy.

Abstract: To produce precision castings from a melt, use is made of a metallic casting wheel (1) which has an annular distribution channel (4) and a plurality of interchangeable casting moulds (6), each having at least one filling opening (6a). The melt quantity per casting operation is chosen here such that the casting moulds (6) and the distribution channel (4) are filled with the melt upon the rotation of the casting wheel (1) about its axis (A—A), in such a way that after the solidification of the melt the precision castings are held together by a ring of the casting material which is formed in the distribution channel (4), the so-called circulating material for new casting processes, and are removed from the casting wheel (1) together with the casting moulds (6), whereupon the precision castings are separated from the ring.

Abstract: The invention relates to a centrifugal casting method, a centrifugal casting apparatus, a hollow mold (13) suitable for the centrifugal casting, a runner bush molder suitable for the manufacture of such hollow molds and applications of this apparatus and method. For the manufacture of cast workpieces by the centrifugal casting method a plurality of mold cavities (14) formed by at least one hollow mold (13) are arranged and driven such that the mold cavities (14) rotate about a common axis of rotation (18) At least three mold cavities (14) which rotate in a single plane are provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for use in centrifugal casting of metal articles forms a compacted lining of a particulate refractory material on an inner surface of the mold. An amount of a dry binderless particulate refractory material is dispensed on the inner surface of a rotating mold body to form a centrifugally densified layer. A plowing tool is brought into contact with a layer of refractory material while continuously rotating the mold body to plow and compact the layer of particles. The tool is oriented at an angle with respect to the direction of travel of the layer of particles to penetrate the layer and compact the particles toward the inner surface of the mold body. The combination of the centrifugal force and the mechanical compaction of the particles results in a dense, air impervious, compacted mold lining having interlocked particles and voids between the particles that are not interconnected with an adjacent void.

Abstract: To produce precision castings from a melt, use is made of a metallic casting wheel (1) which has an annular distribution channel (4) and a plurality of interchangeable casting moulds (6), each having at least one filling opening (6a). The melt quantity per casting operation is chosen here such that the casting moulds (6) and the distribution channel (4) are filled with the melt upon the rotation of the casting wheel (1) about its axis (A-A), in such a way that after the solidification of the melt the precision castings are held together by a ring of the casting material which is formed in the distribution channel (4), the so-called circulating material for new casting processes, and are removed from the casting wheel (1) together with the casting moulds (6), whereupon the precision castings are separated from the ring.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for use in centrifugal casting of metal articles forms a compacted lining of a particulate refractory material on an inner surface of the mold. An amount of a dry binderless particulate refractory material is dispensed on the inner surface of a rotating mold body to form a centrifugally densified layer. A plowing tool is brought into contact with a layer of refractory material while continuously rotating the mold body to plow and compact the layer of particles. The tool is oriented at an angle with respect to the direction of travel of the layer of particles to penetrate the layer and compact the particles toward the inner surface of the mold body. The combination of the centrifugal force and the mechanical compaction of the particles results in a dense, air impervious, compacted mold lining having interlocked particles and voids between the particles that are not interconnected with an adjacent void.

Abstract: Molds (1) with annular mold parts (2, 3) divided by at least one plane of division (E—E) and forming a plurality of cavities (8) disposed at least substantially radially to a centrifugation axis (A—A), serve for the production of precision castings by centrifugal casting, especially of parts made of materials containing titanium for internal combustion engines, the molds (1) and a casting system being contained in a closed chamber. To automate production, at least one mold part (2, 3) is made to rotate in its own rotational guide, and two mold parts (2, 3) together with the corresponding rotational guides are brought to a closed position for the casting and solidification and to an open position for the removal of the precision castings. When cast, the precision castings are preferably joined together at their radially inward pointing ends by a circumferential ring of the solidified metal and thus a circle of castings can be removed from the opened mold by a manipulating system.

Abstract: A stabilizing ring assembly for stabilizing a mold in a centrifugal pipe casting machine during operation includes a plurality of ring segments mounted on the mold and cooperating to form an annular ring retained in the mold by a plurality of resilient O-rings positioned in grooves extending around the annular ring with the O-rings fitting within and being compressed radially by the casting machine housing surrounding and rotating with the mold, and water flow passages are formed in the ring segments to permit the flow of cooling water axially of the casting machine between the internal surface of the housing and the external surface of the mold.

Abstract: An apparatus for centrifugal casting of hollow articles in particular pipes. The apparatus has an elongate generally cylindrical hollow mould with a center conductor extending along the longitudinal axis so that the combination acts as a coaxial waveguide. A microwave source and waveguide system are provided to direct substantially TEM mode radiation into one end of the mould. The mould and center conductor are terminated at the other end by a short circuit to microwave radiation so that standing waves are established in the mould. The invention also provides a method for centrifugal casting of such articles in which a casting composition is placed in a hollow rotating mould and microwave radiation is directed into the mould to heat the casting composition.

Abstract: Reduction of porosity and control of graphitization in the centrifugal casting of tubular metal articles are achieved providing on the active surface of a metal mold by a densified and contoured lining of binderless particulate refractory material, at least 20% by weight of the particles in all of the lining being angular particles, at least 25% by weight of the particles in that portion of the lining in contact with the metal mold having predetermined particles size and/or thermal conductivity. The lining may comprise both a primary layer, formed of particles having good thermal conductivity and/or a relatively larger particle size, and a facing layer formed, e.g., of a milled refractory flour.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for establishing a layer of particulate material on at least a portion of the internal surface of a centrifugal casting mold by confining a quantity of the particulate material in a cavity, inserting the cavity into the mold, rotating the mold and the cavity at substantially the same rate adequate to apply substantial centrifugal force to the particulate material in the cavity, and opening the cavity to release the particulate material while continuing to rotate the mold and the cavity.

Abstract: A head assembly for a socket core 3 for the centrifugal casting of iron pipes including a seat 24 for supporting the core in a socket end 6 during casting, and a head 50 for positioning the seat and core in a chill-mould 1. The head is separable from the seat and includes dogs 20 pivotable around joints 21 by a jack 13, the dogs having end claws 22 arranged to fit into a recess 51 of the seat to enable a core to be handled and fitted without the dogs directly gripping the core, thus avoiding the risk of the core being damaged during fitting.

Abstract: The mold is rotated during casting while projecting at least one traveling magnetic stirring field tangentially into the melt so as to rotate melt to the mold speed.

Abstract: A support stirrup 7 is rotatably mounted by horizontal shaft 8 at one end of a machine for centrifugally casting iron pipes 41 having end sockets 42a in a chill-mould 1. A ring assembly 31, CL is mounted between the arms of the stirrup for rotation about an axis Z--Z perpendicular to the shaft axis, but the plane of the assembly is tilted from its rotation axis by an acute angle D via an offset arm 34. With the stirrup raised to an intermediate position and the ring assembly rotated 90.degree. (FIGS. 3, 6) an operator can easily and safely mount a relatively heavy socket core 36 to the ring assembly, whereafter the latter is reverse rotated 90.degree. and the stirrup lowered to position the core in the end of the mould (FIGS. 1, 4). The stirrup can be fully raised (FIG. 2) to enable pipe extraction and visual inspection during casting.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making metal tubes (12) by centrifugally casting muffs (12) in a rotating mold (10), the inner diameter of which is tapered, having a smaller diameter at the pouring end (14) and a larger diameter at the non-pouring end. The outer diameter of the resulting muff is then machined (30) to form a cylindrical member of uniform diameter along its entire length. The inner diameter is also machined (28) smooth, and the finished muff is then reduced (32,34) in diameter and wall thickness to make a long tube (12).

Abstract: Centrifugal casting apparatus for casting cylinder liners and other tubular articles, characterized by recovery of at least a major portion of the particulate refractory material used to line the mold, with the recovered refractory material being suitable for re-use. The apparatus provides a chamber having aligned openings through which the cast article moves as the article is withdrawn from the mold by a puller. Particulate refractory material from within the mold and from the surface of the cast article is collected in the chamber and conveyed from the chamber to separator means for removal of debris.

Abstract: This support is adapted to support pouring spouts at the upstream end of two pouring channels which are mounted on a common carriage which is movable transversely. It comprises a platform mounted on the movable carriage by a device which is adjustable in height. This device is disposed between the two pouring channels and provided with actuating means including motion direction changing means such as bevel gears. This platform is slidable on two guide pillars carried by the carriage on each side of the device adjustable in height and between the two pouring spouts.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for centrifugal casting in which the support for the rotating permanent or semi-permanent molds is so constructed and arranged as to insure long life for the bearings which support the rotating parts of the mechanism. Also, the construction permits the rotating molds to be substantially enclosed by a housing so that water may be sprayed down onto the units during the casting operation without at the same time spraying the bearings or otherwise wetting the portions of the machinery required to be kept dry. Still further, the improved casting device comprises essentially three supporting shafts, one of which may be driven, so relatively located as to simultaneously support for rotating two molds, whereby two castings may be made from a supporting and driving shaft system powered by a single motor or the like.

Abstract: This process for manufacturing spheroidal graphite cast iron pipes by centrifugal casting has the feature that the rate of the cooling of the liquid iron just centrifugally cast in a tubular layer is increased from a zone of the layer spaced away from the mould to the free inner surface of this tubular layer while the cooling of the liquid iron in the vicinity of the surface of the mould is slowed down.

Abstract: A method of heat-treating and, particularly, annealing, a ductile cast iron pipe in the form as centrifugally held against the wall of a centrifugal casting mold. The casting within the mold is heat-treated by introducing a hot gas of elevated temperature into the hollow of the casting. At the initial stage, the casting within the mold is in red-hot condition and, therefore, introduction of the hot gas into the hollow of the casting results in control of the dissipitation of heat energies from the red-hot casting to delay or slow down a cooling rate of the casting.

Abstract: Centrifugal casting apparatus comprising a rotatable sleeve supported at a fixed axial location and having a conically tapered internal surface, and a driving sleeve axially spaced with respect to the rotatable sleeve and having a conically tapered internal surface opposed to the internal surface of the rotatable sleeve. The driving sleeve is driven in rotation and it is axially displaced with respect to the rotatable sleeve. A split mold assembly is disposed between the rotatable sleeve and the driving sleeve and includes a casing and a plurality of mold segments slidably supported by the casing. The mold segments are radially moveable towards and away from the axis of rotation between a closed mold position and a opened mold position. The mold segments can be locked in the open and closed positions.

Abstract: The installation comprises two centrifugal casting moulds which are roughly parallel to each other and are movable by rotation of a common support between a mould preparing station, a pouring station and a pipe extracting station, which stations are disposed in such maner that one of the moulds is in the axial extension of the pouring station when the other mould is in the axial extension of the extracting station and vice-versa. The two moulds are carried by rollers mounted on the common support and the latter comprises a horizontal platform which is rotatable about a central vertical axis relative to which the two moulds are symmetrically arranged.

Abstract: This installation has an extracting carriage provided with an extracting tongs. The extracting carriage is provided with means for driving the extracting tongs in rotation at the same speed as the mould. Consequently, in the extraction of large diameter cast iron pipes not intended to be annealed there is no risk of the pipes becoming oval.

Abstract: The casing is stationary and has at least one end a transverse end wall which defines an opening affording access to the end of the casting mould. A screen axially projects from the transverse end wall and extends at least partly around the opening for the purpose of screening the machine operators off from any splashes of molten metal which might be thrown out of the mould due to a faulty socket core.

Abstract: In a centrifugal casting machine, the mould carries a ring having a groove defining two spaced-apart annular non-axially extending bearing surfaces. The fixed frame of the machine carries a fixed journal perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the mould and contained in the plane containing the axis of rotation of the mould. A lever perpendicular to the journal is pivotably mounted on the journal and carries two support rollers freely rotatable on the lever. The axes of the journal and the support rollers are in the same plane and parallel to each other. The rollers taper to the axis of rotation of the mould and the two annular surfaces have the same taper as the rollers. The axial distance between the two annular surfaces of the ring allows the lever to pivot about the journal so that both rollers are always in contact with one of the annular bearing surfaces.

Abstract: Maintaining devices maintain the rotary casting mould. Each device comprises a set of coplanar rollers arranged around a region of the mould. Each set comprises two lower support rollers and an upper pressing roller carried by a pivotal arm. Each pressing roller is a driving roller and each roller has a diameter at least equal to the diameter of the mould and a length at least equal to the diameter of the roller.

Abstract: An installation for producing bimetallic solid bodies of cylindrical shape comprises a movable base which, together with a runner means is adapted to eliminate a clearance between the runner means and a casting mould having a stationary horizontal axis of rotation.

Abstract: The invention pertains to the continuous centrifugal casting of metallic and non-metallic tube onto the I.D. surface of a rotating hollow cylinder which acts as the initial mold of the tube forming operation. Molten material, to be cast to tube, is continually introduced into the entrance end of the centrifuge and the solidified centrifugally cast tube is continuously extracted from the exit end. The process is greatly enhanced as to casting rates and ease of extraction of the solid cast tube by the techniques of utilizing a vacuum on the interior of the tube, in its molten and solid state, and/or a positive pressure (above ambient) external to the solidified or partially solidified tube at the exit end of the centrifugal casting machine.