Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing hot strips (18) from a deformable lightweight steel which is especially suitable for cold deep drawing and includes as main elements Fe, Mn, Si and Al, and which has a high tensile strength and TRIP and/or TWIP properties. Melt is cast close to its final dimension in a horizontal continuous strip casting installation (1) under a protective gas in order to form a pre-strip between 6 and 20 mm, and the temperature of the pre-strip is adjusted after complete solidification and before the beginning of a hot-rolling process. According to the invention, the pre-strip is passed through a device (10) under a protective gas for homogenization in concert with a selective maintenance of the temperature, cooling or heating, and subsequently subjected to a hot-rolling process having at least one pass with a total degree of deformation of at least 50%, and is then reeled as a hot strip following the cooling process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous casting of a metal strand (1), in which the cast strand (1) leaves a die (2) vertically or arcuately downwards and is subsequently guided in a strand guide (3), wherein the strand guide (3) has a number of pairs of rollers (4), which define between them an adjustable roller nip (5), and wherein, at the start of casting, to close the die (2) in the downward direction, a piece of strand (6) is introduced into the die (2) and is followed by the cast strand (1). In order to improve the adjustment of the roller nip, the invention provides that the piece of strand (6), which is produced with a defined or calibrated thickness (d), is inserted between the respective pairs of rollers to calibrate and/or measure the roller nip (5).

Abstract: The invention offers (a) a method of producing a magnesium-alloy material, the method being capable of obtaining a magnesium-alloy material having high strength, (b) a magnesium-alloy material having excellent strength, and (c) a magnesium-alloy wire having high strength. A molten magnesium alloy is supplied to a continuous casting apparatus provided with a movable casting mold to produce a cast material. The cast material is supplied to between at least one pair of rolls to perform an area-reducing operation (a rolling operation). The rolling operation is performed such that pressure is applied to the cast material using the rolls from at least three directions in the cross section of the cast material. A magnesium-alloy material obtained through the above-described production method has a fine crystal structure and is excellent in plastic processability.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a silver alloy bonding wire and products thereof A primary material of Ag is melted in a vacuum melting furnace, and then a plurality of secondary metal materials are added into the vacuum melting furnace and co-melted with the primary material to obtain a silver alloy ingot. The obtained silver alloy ingot is drawn to obtain a silver alloy wire. The silver alloy wire is then drawn to obtain a silver alloy bonding wire with a predetermined diameter.

Abstract: A copper wire for a magnet wire, a magnet wire using same, and a method for fabricating the copper wire for the magnet wire. The copper wire for the magnet wire is made from a casting material. The casting material is fabricated by continuous upward drawing from a molten copper or a molten copper alloy. An average crystal grain diameter of a columnar crystal structure formed at a surface layer of the casting material is 200 to 300 ?m. An upward drawing rate is 4 m/min to 5 m/min and a temperature of the molten copper or the molten copper is 1100 to 1200° C.

Abstract: Insulated electrically conductive continuous fibers or microwires of sizes on the order of 1 mil (25 microns) diameter, so as to be suitable for processing into yarns or multi-microwire bundles, for example, for incorporation into conformable fabric products or for use as wearable electronic circuitry are made by coprocessing a core of a lower-melting-point metal within a sheath of a higher-melting-point polymer.

Abstract: Substantially austenitic steel having high strength and good formability for cold rolling including (in weight percent): 0.05 to 1.0% C; 11.0 to 14.9% Mn; 1.0 to 5.0% Al; O to 2.5% Ni the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities, wherein the microstructure includes at least 75% in volume of austenite, and wherein (Ni+Mn) is from 11.0 to 15.9%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a metal strip (1) by continuous casting. According to said method, a slab (3), preferably a thin slab, is initially cast in a casting machine (2), said slab being deviated from a vertical direction (V) into a horizontal direction (H), and in the direction of transport (F) of the slab (3) arranged behind the casting machine (2), the slab (3) is subjected to a milling operation in the milling machine (4), in which at least one surface of the slab (3), preferably two surfaces which are opposite to each other, are milled. In order to obtain a high economic viability and improved machining parameters when the strips are rolled, the slab (3) is milled as a first mechanical machining step after the slab (3) is deviated in the horizontal direction (H). The slab (3) is cast with a thickness (d) of at least 50 mm and the slab (3) is cast with a mass flow, which is the product of the casting speed and the slab thickness (v×d), of at least 350 m/min×mm.

Abstract: Process and related plant for manufacturing steel plates with thickness <100 mm and width of up to 4000 mm from a continuous casting step for slabs, comprising a liquid core reduction step, without interruptions until completion of a finishing rolling step with high reduction ratios in at least one stand. The average temperature when entering the rolling step is ?1200° C., but can be reduced for unalloyed or low alloyed steel greatest.

Abstract: A method of making a magnetically anisotropic magnet powder according to the present invention includes the steps of preparing a master alloy by cooling a rare-earth-iron-boron based molten alloy and subjecting the master alloy to an HDDR process. The step of preparing the master alloy includes the step of forming a solidified alloy layer, including a plurality of R2Fe14B-type crystals (where R is at least one element selected from the group consisting of the rare-earth elements and yttrium) in which rare-earth-rich phases are dispersed, by cooling the molten alloy through contact with a cooling member.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a production line for manufacturing metal strips made of copper or copper alloys by means of casting and rolling. In order to lower the investment cost and operating expenses therefor, the melt (2) is cast into a copper strip (4) in a vertical and/or horizontal continuous strip casting process (3), and the hot copper strip (4) is cleaned by milling (5) the top and bottom face (5a, 5b) thereof, is subjected to a cold rolling process (6) and is prepared for shipping, or is subjected to an inspection (12) and then prepared for shipping after being annealed (7), pickled (8), washed (9), dried (10), and optionally temper rolled (11).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous casting of slab, thin slab, bloom, preliminary section, round section, tubular section or billet strands (1) and the like from liquid metal in a continuous casting plant (2) in which metal discharges perpendicularly downwards from a mould (3), wherein the metal strip (1) is then guided vertically downwards along a perpendicular strand guide (4) and is cooled in the process, wherein the metal strip (1) is then deflected from the vertical direction (V) into the horizontal direction (H) and wherein mechanical forming (5) of the metal strip (1) is effected in the final region of the deflection into the horizontal direction (H) or after the deflection into the horizontal direction (H).

Abstract: A thin cast steel strip and method of making thereof with improved resistance to microcracking, where the steel strip is produced by continuous casting and contains a carbon content between about 0.010% and about 0.065% by weight, less than 5.0% by weight chromium, at least 70 ppm of total oxygen and between 20 and 70 ppm of free oxygen, and manganese to sulfur ratio greater than about 250. The carbon content in the cast strip may be below about 0.035%, less than 0.005% by weight titanium, and the average manganese to silicon ratio in the strip produced may be greater than 3.5. The carbon content may be less than 0.035%, the casting speed less than 76.68 meters per minute, and the tundish temperature of the molten metal is maintained below 1612° C. (2933.7° F.).

Abstract: A method for producing fibers from waste includes heating waste into molten fluid having a temperature allowing rolling, rolling the molten fluid, and drawing the molten fluid after rolling by a centrifugal force and cooling the molten fluid to form solid fibers. The molten fluid is rolled to destroying tension and spreads out to increase free surface area. The molten fluid after rolling is drawn in a centrifugal direction and cooled with air cooling to form solid fibers.

Abstract: A glass-coated amorphous metallic microwire is encoded with multi-bit digital information. Encoding is achieved magnetically, optically or through a combination of magnetic and optical encoding processes. Magnetic encoding is carried out by modifying the constituent magnetic domain structure through selective relief of interfacial stress between the glass coating and the amorphous metallic alloy core. It is also achieved by selective surface crystallization of the amorphous metallic core in order to produce a controlled magnetic bias field. Optical encoding is associated with the glass coating. It is readily achieved by fluorescent element deposition, patterned removal of fluorescent element coating, Bragg grating, and thermally activated pattern deposition. The magnetic and optical multi-bit encoding approaches for glass-coated amorphous metallic microwire can be used individually or collectively in either a redundant or a complementary manner.

Abstract: A method of making a magnetic alloy material includes the steps of: preparing a melt of an alloy material having a predetermined composition; rapidly cooling and solidifying the melt to obtain a rapidly solidified alloy represented by: Fe100-a-b-cREaAbTMc where RE is at least one rare-earth element selected from La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er and Tm and including at least about 90 at % of La; A is at least one element selected from Al, Si, Ga, Ge and Sn; TM is at least one transition metal element selected from Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn; and 5 at %?a?10 at %, 4.7 at %?b?18 at % and 0 at %?c?9 at %; and producing a compound phase having an NaZn13-type crystal structure in at least about 70 vol % of the rapidly solidified alloy.

Abstract: A melt of an alloy, represented (Fe1-mTm)100-x-y-zQxRyMz, where T is Co and/or Ni, Q is B and/or C, R is at least one rare-earth element, M is selected from Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ga, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, Hf, Ta, W, Pt, Au and Pb; 10 at %?x?35 at %; 2 at %?y?10 at %; 0 at %?z?10 at %; and 0?m?0.5, is prepared. Next, the melt is brought into contact with, and rapidly cooled and solidified by, the surface of a rotating chill roller. The melt is teemed onto a guide member, of which the guide surface defines a tilt angle with a horizontal plane, runs down on the guide surface, and then is fed through at least one tubular hole onto a contact area on the surface of the chill roller.

Abstract: The present invention relates to highly quenchable Fe-based rare earth magnetic materials that are made by rapid solidification process and exhibit good magnetic properties and thermal stability. More specifically, the invention relates to isotropic Nd—Fe—B type magnetic materials made from a rapid solidification process with a lower optimal wheel speed and a broader optimal wheel speed window than those used in producing conventional magnetic materials. The materials exhibit remanence (Br) and intrinsic coercivity (Hci) values of between 7.0 to 8.5 kG and 6.5 to 9.9 kOe, respectively, at room temperature. The invention also relates to process of making the materials and to bonded magnets made from the magnetic materials, which are suitable for direct replacement of anisotropic sintered ferrites in many applications.

Abstract: A method of producing metal fibers including melting a mixture of at least a fiber metal and a matrix metal, cooling the mixture to form a bulk matrix comprising at least a fiber phase and a matrix phase and removing at least a substantial portion of the matrix phase from the fiber phase. Additionally, the method may include deforming the bulk matrix. In certain embodiments, the fiber metal may be at least one of niobium, a niobium alloy, tantalum and a tantalum alloy and the matrix metal may be at least one of copper and a copper alloy. The substantial portion of the matrix phase may be removed, in certain embodiments, by dissolving of the matrix phase in a suitable mineral acid, such as, but not limited to, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid.

Abstract: A method of making a material alloy for an iron-based rare earth magnet includes the step of forming a melt of an alloy with a composition of (Fe1-mTm)100-x-y-z-n(B1-pCp)xRyTi2Mn. T is Co and/or Ni; R is at least one element selected from Y (yttrium) and the rare earth elements; and M is at least one element selected from Al, Si, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ag, Hf, Ta, W, Pt, Au and Pb, wherein the following inequalities are satisfied: 10<x?25 at %, *6?y<10 at %, 0.5?z?12 at %, 0?m?0.5, 0?n?10 at % and 0?p?0.25. Next, the melt is fed onto a shoot with a guide surface tilted at about 1 degree to about 80 degrees with respect to a horizontal plane, thereby moving the melt onto a melt/roller contact region. The melt is then rapidly cooled using a chill roller to make a rapidly solidified alloy including an R2Fe14B phase.

Abstract: A Nd—Fe—B type rare earth magnet alloy is provided with hard magnetic phases each of which has a size equal to or less than 80 nm, soft magnetic phases each of which has a size equal to or less than 80 nm, with the hard and soft magnetic phases being present in a mixed structure, and partly anisotropic regions wherein axes of easy magnetization of the hard magnetic phases are aligned in one direction and each having a size equal to or greater than 0.1 &mgr;m. Such a magnet alloy is obtained using a strip casting method or ultra cooling method and serves as material for an anisotropic exchange spring magnet to be applied to a motor.

Abstract: Method provides ceramic fibers with a matrix that includes aluminum.

Abstract: Method provides ceramic fibers with a matrix that includes aluminum.

Abstract: A method for producing superalloy weld wire and weld wire having fewer inclusions, and specifically fewer hafnia inclusions, and superalloy weld wire, particularly hafnium-containing superalloy weld wire, produced by this method. The method includes producing directionally solidified cast rod in a diameter of less than about ½ inch. The rod preferably is produced by investment casting or by continuous casting. The directional solidification process results in rod having inclusions such as oxides and dirt segregated into portions of the casting where they are easily removed. The cast rod can then be formed into semi-finished weld wire using a single extrusion step, followed by grinding to the final required diameter.

Abstract: Method of making wire comprising polycrystalline &agr;-Al2O3 fibers within a matrix of substantially pure elemental aluminum, or an alloy elemental aluminum and up to about 2% copper.

Abstract: A harmonic-type EAS marker includes a wire segment formed of cobalt alloy. To form the wire segment, the cobalt alloy is cast as an amorphous wire, die-drawn to a smaller diameter, and then annealed with application of longitudinal tension. The annealed wire is cut to produce wire segments which have a magnetic hysteresis loop with a large Barkhausen discontinuity at a lower threshold level than has previously been achieved.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for strand-casting near to final size cast formats from non-ferrous metals for the purpose of further cold working, especially strips, bars or tubes of copper or copper alloys. The process includes continuously casting the melt in a vertical mold to form a vertical strand, withdrawing the solidified strand from the mold in a centrally guided manner and directly threading into a surface treatment machine, removing the surface of the strand, laterally cutting the surface-finished strand in a predetermined manner, and removing the cut strand pieces from the machine. The machine for carrying out the process has a base frame which is connected to a foundation and on which a withdrawal device, a surface treatment unit, a cross-cutting device, and a conveying device are provided in line.

Abstract: The present invention provides metal/polymer composites including a plastic substrate having longitudinally extending conductive members, adapted to make bonded electrical connections to an array of closely spaced conductive terminal pads. In general terms, the metal/polymer composites include a thin, flexible sheet-like plastic substrate having a plurality of longitudinally extending, regularly spaced, metal pathways or members on one major surface thereof.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing aluminum alloy sheet stock including two sequences of continuous, in-line operations. The first sequence includes the continuous, in-line steps of hot rolling, coiling, coil self-annealing and the second sequence includes the continuous, in-line steps of uncoiling, quenching without intermediate cooling, cold rolling, and coiling.

Abstract: A process and device for producing a wire (12) made of amorphous metal alloy having an iron base by producing a jet (7) of molten alloy (4) through the orifice (60) of a die (6), and introducing this jet (7) into a cooling liquid (9) urged by centrifugal force against the inner wall of a rotary drum. The crucible (2) containing the alloy (4) and the die (6) are made using different materials and are joined by a joint (25) the material of which differs from those of the crucible (2) and of the die (6). Furthermore, means (3) are employed for heating the alloy (4) both in the crucible (2) and in the die (6) and an inert or reducing gas is delivered directly in contact with the jet (7) as it leaves the die (6). Wire (12) obtained with this process or this device, this wire being employed, for example, for reinforcing pneumatic tires.

Abstract: In a process of producing monotectic alloys having a relatively large miscibility gap in a liquid state and having in a solidified state a minority phase, which is included in the matrix and has the shape of droplets and has a higher density than the matrix, a molten material which is heated above the segregation temperature is continuously cast at a high casting speed end cooling rats. In order to achieve a sufficiently good disoersion of the minority phase the molten material is cast in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing aluminum alloy can body stock including two sequences of continuous, in-line operations. The first sequence includes the continuous, in-line steps of hot rolling, coiling, coil self-annealing and the second sequence includes the continuous, in-line steps of uncoiling, quenching without intermediate cooling, cold rolling, and coiling.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a superconductive conductor containing a superconductive ceramic material generally expressed by the composition AaBbCc, where A represents at least a sort of element selected from a group of those belonging to the groups Ia, IIa and IIIb of the periodic table, B represent at least a single element selected from a group consisting of groups Ib, IIb and IIIa of the periodic table, C represents at least a single sort of element selected from a group of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, fluorine and sulfur and a, b and c represent numbers showing composition ratios of A, B and C respectively, includes a step of melting a material generally expressed by a formula AaBb, a step of continuously drawing out a melt of AaBb from a hole provided in a frame, a step of solidifying the AaBb melt drawn out from the hole and a step of heating a solidified body of AaBb in an atmosphere containing C.

Abstract: Silicon wafers useful in solar cells or wafers of metal are produced by a process for producing wafers of predetermined dimensions by the sheet drawing process in which a melt of the wafer material is crystallized on a substrate wherein the substrate surface is modified by changing the wetting behavior of the substrate toward the melt.

Abstract: A method for preparing glass-coated microwires is provided. A metal in a glass tube is superheated in a high frequency induction field, whereby the glass tube softens. A thin capillary tube is drawn from the softened glass and the glass tube fills with molten metal. The metal-filled capillary enters a cooling zone in the superheated state and the rate of cooling is controlled such that a microcrystalline or amorphous metal microstructure is obtained. The cooling zone includes a stream of cooling liquid through which the capillary passes. The microstructure of the microwire is controlled by choice of amorphisizers, cooling rate, nature of the cooling liquid, location of the cooling stream, dwell time in the cooling stream and degree of superheating and supercooling of the metal.

Abstract: A fibrous anisotropic permanent magnet is disclosed comprising fibers composed of an alloy comprising at least one of a rare earth metal selected from Nd, Pr, Dy, Ho, Tb, La, and Ce; Fe or Fe and Co; and B, said fibers having a mean diameter of from 50 to 1,000 .mu.m and exhibiting magnetic anisotropy. The fibrous anisotropy permanent magnet is prepared by extruding a molten alloy comprising at least one of Nd, Pr, Dy, Ho, Tb, La, and Ce; Fe or Fe and Co; and B in an oil to quench-solidify the molten alloy into a fibrous form.Since the fibrous magnet exhibits excellent anisotropic magnetic characteristics in the lengthwise direction of the fiber axis in the quench-solidified state, the magnet is particularly useful as a magnetic powder material for an anisotropic bond magnet.

Abstract: The hard magnetic properties, including intrinsic coercivity, remanence and energy product of rapidly quenched, rare earth-transition metal alloys has been substantially increased by the addition of suitable amounts of the element boron. The preferred rare earth constituent elements are neodymium and praseodymium, and the preferred transition metal element is iron.

Abstract: Magnetically hard compositions having high values of coercivity, remanence and energy product contain rare earth elements, transition metal elements and boron in suitable proportions. The preferred rare earth elements are neodymium and praseodymium, and the preferred transition metal element is iron. The magnetic alloys have characteristic very finely crystalline microstructures.

Abstract: Magnetically hard compositions having high values of coercivity, remanence and energy product contain rare earth elements, transition metal elements and boron in suitable proportions. The preferred rare earth elements are neodymium and praseodymium, and the preferred transition metal element is iron. The magnetic alloys have characteristic very finely crystalline microstructures.

Abstract: Method and apparatus (20) for obtaining a wire (12) of amorphous metallic loy, characterized by the fact that a jet (7) of molten amorphizable alloy (4) is contacted with a gas (55) capable of reacting chemically with at least one of the components of the alloy (4) before the jet (7) reaches a cooling liquid (9), so as to form a layer around the jet (7) which is capable of stabilizing it. A distance traversed by the jet (7) between the nozzle and the cooling liquid is greater than 1 cm.

Abstract: A method of preparing a superconducting oxide by combining the metallic elements of the oxide to form an alloy, followed by oxidation of the alloy to form the oxide. Superconducting oxide-metal composites are prepared in which a noble metal phase intimately mixed with the oxide phase results in improved mechanical properties. The superconducting oxides and oxide-metal composites are provided in a variety of useful forms.

Abstract: A system is described for the production of rapidly solidified powder. The system contains elements for casting rapidly solidified ribbon, an in-line knife mill or a hammer mill for fracturing the rapidly solidified ribbon into shard, and either an in-line fluid energy mill, or an in-line centrifugal mill for reducing the shard to powder. The system can effectively reduce ribbon to powder in an in-line operation, and produce a powder with a particle size of -31 35 mesh. A method employing the system is also described.

Abstract: A method of making Ag, Au or Cu thin alloy wire comprises a first step of melting alloy containing Be with 0.001 through 1% by weight, a second step of jetting the melted alloy into a thin wire configuration through a small opening and a third step of curing the jetted alloy of a wire configuration in a fluid so that a thin alloy wire having about 0.01 through 0.2 mm diameter with simple processes and high yield.

Abstract: A continuous casting furnace for manufacturing an elongated cast product, for example, of copper or its alloy includes a housing defining a chamber. A crucible is accommodated within the chamber for holding a casting material. A heater is mounted on the crucible for melting the casting material. A generally vertically-disposed elongated casting nozzle hermetically extends into the chamber. One of the casting nozzle and the crucible is movable toward the other for immersing a lower end of the casting nozzle in the molten casting material in the crucible. The housing is connected to an inert gas source for introducing inert gas into the chamber when the casting material in the crucible is melted. When the lower end of the casting nozzle is immersed in the molten casting material, the molten casting material is moved along the casting nozzle by the pressure of the inert gas in the chamber.

Abstract: A reinforcement for rubber is disclosed, which comprises a cord made from an amorphous iron-base alloy filament previously subjected to a wire drawing at a reduction of area of not less than 10%.

Abstract: A method of producing a thin metal wire having a circular cross section is disclosed. The wire is produced by providing a molten metal within an extruding device having a nozzle therein. A strip of liquid coolant in motion at a speed of 200 m/min or more is then provided. The molten metal is extruded into the strip of liquid coolant in order to cool and solidify the metal and form the thin metal wire. A high quality thin metal wire is obtained by precisely adjusting the speed of the strip of liquid coolant relative to the speed of the extruded molten metal as well as the angle at which the molten metal is extruded into the liquid coolant strip. The method is capable of economically and continuously producing a high quality thin metal wire on a commercial scale. The method is effective in directly producing a thin metal wire having an amorphous, a nonequilibrium crystalline, or microcrystalline structure.

Abstract: A method of melt extraction of titanium alloys is provided. The alloys are those containing a high concentration of titanium and a significant amount of an alloying element selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, tantalum and columbium. Surprisingly, the extraction process is rendered feasible when the surface of the extracting mechanism is of molybdenum.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for heating a billet of nonmagnetic metal material to forging temperature by first preheating the billet in a high efficiency slot-type electric radiant heat furnace to a preheat temperature a substantial level below the forging temperature, and then conveying the preheated billet from the furnace immediately into an inductive heating coil and energizing the coil to inductively post-heat the billet to the forging temperature.

Abstract: An improved method for manufacturing a composite metal wire including a core metal wire having extruded therearound a coating metal layer which is different in material from the core metal wire, includes feeding the coating metal into a narrow passageway which is defined between a circumferential groove formed on the outer edge of a rotary wheel and a close fitting surface of a fixed shoe block, carrying the coating metal towards an outlet end of the passageway by frictional drag with the surface of the passageway in accordance with the rotation of the wheel, and passing a core metal wire harder in material than the coating metal through a covering chamber of a larger cross sectional area which is provided with a die and a nipple at the front and rear portions, respectively, whereby the core metal wire is covered with the coating metal in the covering chamber so that a predetermined construction of a composite metal wire is extruded through the die.

Abstract: A method of preparing alloy of a transition metal and lanthanide comprising the steps of alloying a transition metal, boron, at least one lower-weight lanthanide having none or few stable compounds with iron, optionally one or more higher-weight lanthanides, a glass former, and optionally the pseudo lanthanide, yttrium; forming an amorphous or nearly amorphous metastable microstructure in the alloy; and heating the amorphous alloy to form a polycrystalline, multiphase, fine-grain single-domain structure.