Abstract: The present invention relates to the formaton of metal matrix composite bodies by a spontaneous infiltration technique, and novel metal matrix composite bodies produced according to the method. An ingot of matrix metal is surrounded by a permeable mass of filler matrial. An infiltration enhancer and/or an infiltration enhancer precursor and/or an infiltrating atmosphere are also in communication with the filler material, at least at some point during the process, which permit the shaped ingot of matrix metal, when made molten, to spontaneously infiltrate the surrounding permeable mass of filler material. After the spontaneous infiltration, a metal matrix composite body is produced having therein a cavity which substantially corresponds in shape to the original ingot of matrix metal.

Abstract: An aluminum metal matrix composite comprises an aluminum metal matrix embedding a second filler, such as a ceramic second filler, and is formed by contacting, for example, a molten aluminum metal with a permeable mass of second filler within a ceramic impervious mold formed by growing a polycrystalline oxidation reaction product into a first filler. By hermetically sealing the second filler within the mold with a body of molten aluminum metal, the latter spontaneously infiltrates the mass of second filler at moderate temperatures, e.g. about 900.degree. C., without need of any other infiltration expedients. The molten mass containing the infiltrated ceramic filler is solidified to provide the metal matrix composite which may be recovered from the mold.

Abstract: A framework template of non-reinforcing material is provided containing, distributed therein and bonded to the building constituents thereof, a reinforcing material such as particles, fibers or whiskers of high tenacity nitrides, carbides, borides, oxides and the like, this distribution being arranged according to some given pattern of orientation and packing density. The template is placed in a mould which is then filled with molten metal which solidifies by cooling. During casting, the constituents of the template may be destroyed by the heat, or they may dissolve in the metal, or they can remain embedded therein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a piston comprising the steps of providing a shell comprising graphite fibers formed to include the general shape of an open-ended cylinder having an outer periphery, and casting metal to form at least a portion of the piston so that the shell is included and at least a portion of the outer periphery of the shell is exposed. Also disclosed herein is a piston comprising a mesh of graphite fibers having a generally cylindrical shape and defining mesh voids, structural material filling at least some of the mesh voids so that an exterior cylindrical surface of the piston is defined to include at least portions of at least some of the fibers.

Abstract: Efficient in-situ stirring in pressure casting is difficult. Here, the casting die is provided with internal mechanical agitating means which allow homogeneous distribution of the partially solidified phase at temperatures near liquidus and of optionally incorporated reinforcing materials. One form of agitating means is a masher type plate which moves back and forth within the mould.

Abstract: The continuous manufacture of a composite in which dispersates are mixed within a matrix material is set forth. Molten metal alloy and concentrated dispersion containing a particulate ceramic dispersate in a precurser dispersion material are continuously fed into a chamber where the mixture is first blended, then agitated to shear both the particulate and matrix. Well dispersed slurry is then fed into a crucible for solidification processing, or is continuously cast into a billet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal-ceramic composite for use in a high temperature and abrasion-resisting member such as a supporting member of a heating furnace having a construction, in which ceramic particles having superior abrasion resistance and heat resistance are dispersed in a metallic matrix having superior toughness or ceramic blocks are buried in a metallic surface, whereby the characteristics of a ceramic and a metal are simultaneously utilized. A metal-ceramic composite superior in physical characteristic, such as abrasion resistance and heat resistance, and a method of producing the same are provided.

Abstract: A net shaped ceramic-reinforced aluminum matrix composite is produced by forming a permeable mass of ceramic material with a defined surface boundary having a barrier, and contacting a molten aluminum-magnesium alloy with the permeable mass of ceramic material in the presence of a gas comprising from about 10 to 100% nitrogen, by volume, balance nonoxidizing gas, e.g. hydrogen or argon. Under these conditions, the molten alloy spontaneously infiltrates the ceramic mass under normal atmospheric pressures until it reaches the barrier. A solid body of the alloy can be placed adjacent to a permeable bedding of ceramic material having a barrier, and brought to the molten state, preferably to at least about 700.degree. C., in order to form the net shape aluminum matrix composite by spontaneous infiltration. In addition to magnesium, auxiliary alloying elements may be employed with aluminum. The resulting composite products may contain a discontinuous aluminum nitride phase in the aluminum matrix.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing a reinforced composite material. A molten matrix metal is heated to a temperature substantially greater than the melting point of the matrix metal. The matrix metal is poured into a mold containing a mass of reinforcing material. The matrix metal is solidified.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-strength, high-productivity perform wire for a carbon fiber reinforced aluminum composite material, which comprises: a continuous fiber bundle of carbon filaments having a 2/3-width ranging from 25 to 75 cm.sup.-1, as measured on the basis of Raman spectroscopy, the 2/3-width corresponding to 2/3 of the peak level of a Raman band obtained corresponding to a wave number of about 1,585 cm.sup.-1, the peak level attributed to E.sub.2g symmetric vibration of a graphite structure; one or two materials selected from the group consisting of carbon, silicon carbide, titanium, titanium carbide, boron, and titanium boride, the material(s) covering the individual fibers constituting the continuous fiber bundle; and a matrix consisting essentially of aluminum or aluminum alloy each of which contains 0.1% or less of copper and 0.45% or less of silicon, both by weight based on the weight of matrix, and infiltrated into the continuous fiber bundle.

Abstract: A metal, e.g. in the form of a shaped article, is made by atomizing a stream of molten metal and directing the atomized stream at a collecting surface to form a deposit of the metal. Fine, solid particulate material of different composition from the metal, e.g., nonmetallic particles, and of mean particle size less than 20 micrometers, preferably less than 10 micrometers, is applied to the stream or spray so that it becomes incorporated into the deposit. The particulate material is applied by generating a fluidized bed thereof and feeding it from the bed into the stream or spray. Uniform dispersion of material such as SiC at a high volume percentage (e.g. greater than 15%) may be achieved.

Abstract: A stream of molten metal is atomized to form a spray and additional cooling is provided by applying to the stream or spray relatively cold solid particles. The solid particles are preferably injected into the spray and may be formed from overspray particles recycled from the deposition process.

Abstract: A stream of molten metal is atomized to form a spray and additional cooling is achieved by applying to the stream or spray relatively cold solid particles. The solid particles are preferably injected into the spray and may be formed from overspray particles recycled from the deposition process.

Abstract: A fluid-permeable article which permits fluid to pass therethrough includes a porous ceramic structure having a multiplicity of hollow members made of ceramic material which are concatenated with each other to form a framework having a continuous capillary passageway system. A continuous space is formed outside of the framework and is defined by the outer surfaces of the hollow members. A continuous matrix material fills the continuous space outside of the framework and cooperates with the porous ceramic structure to provide an integral composite structure consisting of the ceramic material and the matrix material. The continuous passageway system is open in at least a portion of the exposed surfaces of the article and permits fluids to pass therethrough.

Abstract: A spherical bearing comprises an outer ring and an inner ring located inside the outer ring to be slidable, the outer ring is prepared by casting molten metal around a resin-made sheet to be coated on the inner ring. A liner disposed between the inner and outer ring comprises a liner body and a metallic mesh member embedded in the liner body, and the molten metal is filled in meshes in the mesh member so as to partially bite the inner peripheral portion of the outer ring to achieve the firm engagement of the liner with the outer ring.

Abstract: A method of producing a fiber reinforced metal composition is characterized by a unique and successful pressure exerting program for consolidating a fiber assembly fabricated into a desired configuration and a molten metal matrix. The program is generally constituted a first step in which relatively low pressure is exerted on the molten metal for consolidation of the fiber assembly and the molten metal and a second step in which pressure is instantly increased to a maximum pressure for solidification of the metal matrix.

Abstract: A process is described for forming a composite cast article comprising an aluminum-silicon alloy matrix containing a modifying amount of strontium and a preform of bonded-together reinforcing fibres incorporated in the matrix, in which the preform of reinforcing fibres is infiltrated under pressure by a melt of the alloy and the composite article thus formed is allowed to solidify by cooling. According to the novel feature, the fibres of the preform are coated with strontium, preferably in the form of SrO, before being infiltrated by the alloy melt. The strontium on the fibres is free to react with the Al-Si melt and thus modify the structure in the region of the preform such that an excess of silicon particles adjacent the fibres is avoided.

Abstract: Method of making a cast reinforced article, such as a connecting rod which includes preparing a bundle of uni-directional inorganic fibers, at least some of which are metallic or metal coated by placing the bundle into a shaping container and heating it to partially fuse the metallic or metal coated fibers to each other. The partially fused bundle is positioned in a mold with a fixed minimum gap surrounding it. A molten light metal alloy is squeeze cast into the mold forming a matrix of the alloy and the bundle. In the case of a connecting rod, the bundle should be shaped elliptically and positioned in the mold such that (I(c) y<I(c) x).

Abstract: A composite and a process for forming it are provided, said process comprising providing a substrate bearing crystalline and preferably single crystal filaments as growths on the substrate and forming a solid matrix encompassing the filaments. The composites are useful for aircraft, boat and auto skins and structural members.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for sand molding composite articles formed of a light alloy metal and fibrous insert. A sand mold is formed containing a fibrous preform separated from the walls of the mold cavity. The mold is fed by means of a tube dipping into a liquid metallic bath therebelow. In the molding process, the pressure in the mold cavity and above the bath are reduced, and the pressure above the bath is increased to create a positive pressure differential .DELTA.P, thereby forcing molten metal from the bath into the mold cavity. The pressure in the mold cavity and above the bath are then increased to above atmospheric, and the pressure differential .DELTA.P is maintained until the metal in the mold cavity solidifies.

Abstract: Carbon fibers are mixed with a metal powder oxidizable to generate heat and the mixture is formed into a shaped article. The fiber shaped article is heated in a non-oxidative atmosphere in a preheating furnace and then, a molten metal is filled into the fiber shaped article and solidified, while permitting the metal powder to be oxidized to generate heat in the atmosphere.For a magnesium alloy used as a matrix, the aluminum content thereof is set within a range of 0.3 to 5.0% by weight.

Abstract: A method for forming a fiber-reinforced metal sheet including the steps of preparing a wire preform in which fibers and a matrix are combined together; arranging regularly a plurality of wire preforms in a predetermined direction in a side-by-side relation; irradiating simultaneously using a CO.sub.2 laser beam, and a YAG laser beam the regularly arranged wire preforms to elevate the temperature of the wire preforms; and pressing the wire preforms by rollers while the wire preforms are at the elevated temperature.

Abstract: A method of fabricating irregular shapes wrapped with metal matrix composite monotape utilizing a cylindrical deposition drum wrapped with a spiraling array of evenly spaced strands of high strength fibers and overlaid with a metal matrix, which is cut into a narrow ribbon which is transferred to a spool and then wound on the irregular shape in a helical manner so that the opposite side margins are adjacent each other in adjacent turns.

Abstract: A method for producing a high temperature, high strength bond between a ceramic shape and a metal substrate, such as joining a ceramic cap to a piston for an internal combustion engine. The composite joint is effected through the use of a ceramic preform fabricated using fibers, whiskers, platelets or sponge-like particles having the same composition as the ceramic body. The preform is joined to the ceramic shape by using a ceramic slip having a ceramic corresponding in composition with the ceramic body, with this juncture being heated to achieve a secure bond. The preform is joined to the metal substrate by first infiltrating the preform with molten material corresponding to the substrate, and then pressure bonding the infiltrated preform to the substrate after the molten material has solidified. The substrate can be metal or metal alloys. An example is given for the bonding of silicon carbide to a 300 series aluminum.

Abstract: An aluminum metal matrix composite comprises an aluminum metal matrix embedding a second filter, such as a ceramic second filler, and is formed by contacting, for example, a molten aluminum metal with a permeable mass of second filler within a ceramic impervious mold formed by growing a polycrystalline oxidation reaction product into a first filler. By hermetically sealing the second filler within the mold with a body of molten aluminum metal, the latter spontaneously infiltrates the mass of second filler at moderate temperatures, e.g. about 900.degree. C., without need of any other infiltration expedients. The molten mass containing the infiltrated ceramic filler is solidified to provide the metal matrix composite which may be recovered from the mold.

Abstract: A preform for being embedded in a matrix material for making a composite material is made essentially of many short fibers stuck together by a quantity of dried binder. This preform has a first portion in which the fiber volume proportion is relatively high, a second portion in which the fiber volume proportion is relatively low, and a third portion, joining between the first portion and the second portion, in which the fiber volume proportion changes substantially continuously from its portion adjoining to the first portion to its portion adjoining to the second portion. Thereby, the characteristics of the composite material, such as its strength, heat and wear resistance, and machinability and workability and characteristics with respect to wear on a mating member, alter smoothly from the first portion to the second portion without any severe discontinuity, thus ensuring that no points of weakness are caused.

Abstract: A ceramic-reinforced aluminum matrix composite is formed by contacting a molten aluminum-magnesium alloy with a permeable mass of ceramic material in the presence of a gas comprising from about 10 to 100% nitrogen, by volume, balance non-oxidizing gas, e.g., hydrogen or argon. Under these conditions, the molten alloy spontaneously infiltrates the ceramic mass under normal atmospheric pressures. A solid body of the alloy can be placed adjacent a permeable bedding of ceramic material, and brought to the molten state, preferably to at least about 700.degree. C., in order to form the aluminum matrix composite by infiltration. In addition to magnesium, auxiliary alloying elements may be employed with aluminum. The resulting composite products may contain a discontinuous aluminum nitride phase in the aluminum matrix and/or an aluminum nitride external surface layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a bladed disc from a fiber reinforced composite material which comprises injecting a mixture of short fibers and a matrix material into a dividable die so configured as to define the form of a disc having integral radially extending aerofoil blades. The mixture is injected into the die at such a location that the short fibers within the aerofoil-defining portions of the die are radially aligned. The die contains two support rings which are coaxially disposed within the bladed disc after injection molding so as to provide radial support for the aerofoil blades of the thus formed bladed disc. The method may be modified to provide the bladed disc with an integral shroud.

Abstract: Metal castings are prepared using rigid closed molds by submerging the mold in a bath of lower temperature molten metal, with removal of the mold from the bath being handled to hold the metal inside the mold, but to allow the excess metal to run off the exterior of the mold without metal freezing thereto which could cause damage or locking-in of the mold.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of engineering components wherein the process comprises filling a die cavity within a die assembly with molten metal by utilizing centrifugal force, the die cavity being rotated about an axis remote from the actual component cavity at a rotational velocity sufficient to produce an acceleration of at least 200`g` on the molten metal in the die cavity. The production of a piston having a fibrous reinforcing insert is described.

Abstract: A method for making a composite material. Porous reinforcing material such as fiber material is charged into a container which has an opening; then substantially all of the atmospheric air in the container and in the interstices of the reinforcing material is replaced by substantially pure oxygen; and then molten matrix metal is admitted into the container through the opening so as to infiltrate into the interstices of the reinforcing material. During this infiltration the oxygen within the container and in these interstices is absorbed by an oxidization reaction, and thus substantially all the gas present within the interstices of the reinforcing material is disposed of, thus not hampering the good infiltration of the molten matrix metal into the reinforcing material. Thus a high quality composite material is formed. The oxidization reaction may either be with the molten matrix metal itself, or with a getter element provided within the container.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing by a powder metallurgy process a rotary drill bit including a bit body having a plurality of cutting elements mounted on the outer surface thereof comprises the steps of forming a hollow mould for moulding at least a portion of the bit body, packing the mould with powdered matrix material, and infiltrating the material with a metal alloy in a furnace to form a matrix. Before packing the mould with powdered matrix material, there are postioned in spaced locations on the interior surface of the mould a plurality of cutting element, each of which is formed of a material, such as a polycrystalline diamond material, which is thermally stable at the temperature necessary to form the matrix. Also positioned in the mould, adjacent the rearward side of each cutting element, is a support material such that, at least after formation of the matrix, the support material has a higher modulus of elasticity than the matrix.

Abstract: A mould 13 which may be of graphite, ceramic material, or metal is formed with an internal surface 14 accurately machined to the required shape of the surface of the rotary dresser which is being formed. Diamond particles 15 are then adhered to the surface 14 by any suitable adhesive. A metal surfacing powder is then applied to build up a metal layer 16 by means of an arc plasma spray surfacing gun 20 to melt the powder particles and a high velocity gas flow to propel the particles onto the diamond coated layer. A layer of a low melting point dimensionally stable alloy may be cast on top of metal layer 16 onto the internal bore. The mould 13 is then removed and the external surface accurately ground to final form. A supporting steel core may be added.

Abstract: A process for casing a fiber-reinforced metal body by placing a shaped fibrous article made of a reinforcing fiber into a cavity in a casting mold and filling a molten metal into the shaped fibrous article to solidify it, the process further including the steps of pouring the molten metal into the cavity from the lower portion thereof, while venting gas present within the cavity through a gas vent passage having a very small opening communicating with the upper portion of the cavity, and closing the gas vent passage and completely solidifying the molten metal under a higher pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to castings constituted by a metal matrix reinforced by fibers and having outgrowths.Firstly a reinforcing framework is produced, which is incorporated into the fibrous strengthening member, the complete entity being placed in a mould and the metal matrix is cast. The latter penetrates the fibrous strengthening member and the reinforcing framework. The latter is positioned at the location of an outgrowth which, after solidification of the metal matrix, is consequently reinforced.Application to the production of castings having fixing tabs or lobes.

Abstract: A dental material and method for forming, reinforcing or repairing a dental restoration comprising a combination of a high fusing temperature metal component in a major proportion and a low fusing temperature component in a minor proportion. A binder may be added to form a putty-like consistency. The dental material is molded into a predetermined shape and heat treated at a temperature which will substantially melt the low fusing metal components but below the melting temperature of the high fusing metal component for forming a porous, sponge-like mass of interconnected particles of the high fusing temperature metal component. A filler material having a low melting temperature is then added to the porous mass and the mass is again treated to form a solid mass.

Abstract: In this method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy, a porous preform is manufactured from a mixture of a finely divided oxide of a metallic element which has a weaker tendency to form oxide than does aluminum, and an additional substance substantially more finely divided than that metallic oxide. Then an aluminum alloy containing a substantial quantity of silicon is permeated in the molten state through the porous preform. This causes the metallic oxide to be reduced by a thermite reaction, to leave the metal which it included as alloyed with the aluminum alloy. At this time, the silicon in the aluminum alloy does not tend to crystallize out upon the particles of the metallic oxide, which would interfere with such a reduction reaction by forming crystalline silicon shells around such metallic oxide particles and would lead to a poor final product, because instead the silicon tends to crystallize out upon the particles of the additional substance.

Abstract: A process for casting a cylinder block blank made of light alloy provided with a cylinder barrel reinforced around its cylinder bore with a reinforcing tubular body and a crankcase provided continuous to the cylinder bore, which includes placing the reinforcing tubular body in a first cavity formed for shaping a cylinder barrel at the lower portion of a mold which is formed at its upper portion with a second cavity for shaping a crankcase communicating with the first cavity, and pouring a light alloy molten metal from the lower portion of the first cavity into the first and second cavities while simultaneously venting gas from the first and second cavities.

Abstract: Milled silica or alumina fibres or whiskers are formed into a reinforcement for a squeeze cast article such as a piston for an internal combustion engine. The problem of handling the milled fibres or whiskers while they are formed into the reinforcement is mitigated or overcome by the use of coagulated latex to bind the milled fibres or whiskers in a colloidal silica solution until they are fired to form the reinforcement. In addition, a starch is used to prevent the milled fibres or whiskers settling when in the colloidal silica solution.

Abstract: A piston of a light alloy matrix material having a cavity for containing heat insulating air immediately below its head or a cavity for passing cooling oil inside the grooved side wall is manufactured by preforming a precursory member having the shape of the cavity from an extractable material which remains in solid state at room temperature and is convertible into a fluid, gas or liquid when heated at a temperature below the melting point of the matrix metal. The precursory member is disposed in place in a pressure casting mold having a cavity corresponding to the shape of the piston, and covered with a porous member stable to the molten matrix metal. A head member of heat resisting metal material to constitute at least a portion of the piston head may be disposed on the mold cavity bottom. Molten matrix metal is then cast into the mold cavity and a pressure is applied thereto to form a piston-shaped casting having precursory member and porous member embedded therein.

Abstract: A piston is manufactured by incorporating a reinforcement which is formed at least in part by a fibre material and which is so non-uniform as to provide differing characteristics in the cast piston in predetermined differing regions of the piston. For example, the volumetric density of the fibres may be different in one region of the reinforcement as compared with another region in order to produce a more resistant region in the cast piston. Additionally or alternatively, the reinforcement may hold finely divided materials which combine with the piston material during casting to give improved properties. Examples of this are the incorporation of particles of silicon, silicon carbide or silicon nitride to improve wear and/or the incorporation of molybdenum disulphide and tungsten disulphide or graphite to improve lubrication.

Abstract: A method of casting a fiber-reinforced caliper wherein inorganic fiber is wound up in a direction parallel to the axis of cylinder around a core conforming approximately to the inside shape of the bridge portion of a caliper, the wound-up fiber is cut off in the shape of the bridge, and matrix metal is cast onto the cut-off molding of fiber under high pressure to form the shape of caliper, or the whole shape of caliper is formed by a casting method after the bridge portion is formed by casting under high pressure.

Abstract: The fiber reinforced metal composite material according to this invention provides a composite material comprising, in combination, alumina-fibers or alumina-silica fibers excellent in abrasion resistance, heat resistance and seizure resistance and hypereutectic aluminum-silicon-type alloys enriched with proeutectic silicon which is hard grains.

Abstract: In a composite casting process for making aluminum alloy components for internal combustion engines, which components are provided at highly loaded surfaces with shaped elements which consist of fibers or whiskers and are bonded to the castings, the shaped elements consisting of fibers of whiskers are infiltrated with an aluminum alloy which has a higher melting point than the aluminum alloy of the casting. The infiltration is effected in such a manner that the infiltrated aluminum alloy forms a cover layer on the shaped element. In order to ensure the formation of a bond between the casting and the shaped element as the aluminum alloy for making the casting is cast in contact with the shaped element, the infiltrated shaped elements are dipped into a molten solder alloy before the aluminum alloy for making the casting is cast in contact with the shaped element, and the latter is subsequently placed into the heated mold for making the casting, whereafter the casting is made.

Abstract: To cast an article, a mold is lowered into a body of molten metal with an open end of the mold facing downwardly so that the molten metal fills a mold cavity. The mold is then withdrawn form the body of molten metal. As the mold is withdrawn, the molten metal in the mold cavity is solidified. During withdrawal of the mold from the body of molten metal, the level of the upper surface of the body of molten metal is maintained substantially constant. The economical production of castings is promoted by simultaneously lowering a plurality of molds into the molten metal and withdrawing them from the molten metal to simultaneously form a plurality of castings. A strengthening agent may be added to the molten metal by dispensing the strengthening agent to form a dispersoid a short distance beneath the surface of the molten metal as the mold is withdrawn from the molten metal.

Abstract: A method for production of fiber-reinforced metal composite material having high fiber content, wherein a bundle of fiber material is impregnated with water, then this water-impregnated fiber bundle is subjected to compression and freezing to form a high density fiber shaped body, subsequently, the high density fiber shaped body is subjected to thawing and drying, while maintaining its shape as compressed, and finally molten metal is infiltrated into the fiber shaped body.

Abstract: A metal matrix composite (e.g. of SiC in a metal alloy) is made by the steps of atomizing a stream of molten metal to form a spray of hot metal particles by subjecting the stream to relatively cold gas directed at the stream, applying to the stream or spray relatively cold solid particles of a material of different composition from the metal, and depositing the metal having the particles incorporated therein. The deposit is made into a shaped metal matrix composite by reheating it to a controlled temperature substantially above the liquidus of the metal at which it flows under pressure and casting the fluid deposit to give the shaped product.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for manufacturing a fiber reinforcement body which is to be incorporated into a metal matrix in a fabrication technique based on a molten metal infiltration process for producing a metal matrix composite material are disclosed herein. The method according to the invention comprises preparing at least two metal insert chills each having the shape of a spool or reel, forming windings of a yarn of reinforcing fibers on each of the two chills, and forming windings of the yarn around, and extending between the two chill members so as to connect them together. The apparatus of the invention comprises means for supporting the chill members in longitudinally spaced relation to each other, means for forming uniformly distributed windings of the yarn on each of the chills, and means for forming similar windings of the yarn around, and extending between the chills in a way so as to connect them together.

Abstract: The present invention relates to castings constituted by a metal matrix reinforced by fibres and having outgrowths.Firstly, a reinforcing framework is produced, which is incorporated into the fibrous strengthening member, the complete entity being placed in a mould and the metal matrix is cast. The latter penetrates the fibrous strengthening member and the reinforcing framework. The latter is positioned at the location of an outgrowth which, after solidification of the metal matrix, is consequently reinforced.Application to the production of castings having fixing tabs or lobes.

Abstract: A dental material and method for forming, reinforcing or repairing a dental restoration comprising a combination of a high fusing temperature metal component in a major proportion and a low fusing temperature component in a minor proportion. A binder may be added to form a putty-like consistency. The dental material is molded into a predetermined shape and heat treated at a temperature which will substantially melt the low fusing metal components but below the melting temperature of the high fusing metal component for forming a porous, sponge-like mass of interconnected particles of the high fusing temperature metal component. A filler material having a low melting temperature is then added to the porous mass and the mass is again treated to form a solid mass.