Abstract: Cooling liquid flowing through cooling-liquid passages cools in heat-transmission manner an inner layer on an inner surface of an impermeable intermediate layer and is directed through a piping to an interface between the intermediate and outer layers, whereby the porous outer layer is cooled by latent heat generated by evaporation of the cooling liquid infiltrated into the porous outer layer.

Abstract: The present invention is a cone insert for a liquefaction kettle. Pads on the bottom of the cone separate the cone from the surface of the kettle. Solid material is added to the top of the cone. Solid material is melted on demand by an internal spray kettle ring. The cone insert provides continuous liquefaction and prevents sensitometric shift in photographic emulsions.

Abstract: Cooling liquid flowing through cooling-liquid passages cools in heat-transmission manner an inner layer on an inner surface of an impermeable intermediate layer and is directed through a piping to an interface between the intermediate and outer layers, whereby the porous outer layer is cooled by latent heat generated by evaporation of the cooling liquid infiltrated into the porous outer layer.

Abstract: A disposable, in-line heating cassette and apparatus for raising the temperature of fluids. The cassette comprises a spacer defining a sinuous or serpentine flow pathway interposed between flexible foils and mounted on a frame. The frame comprises inlet and outlet tubes and related input and output ports which communicate with the serpentine path. Juxtaposed heating plates in direct contact with the cassette substantially contact the entire heating surface of the foils, providing a highly efficient thermal path from the heating plate to the foil, and then to the fluid. The heating blocks have several electrically conductive strips thereon for generating a gradation of heat energy such that more heat energy is available for transfer at the inlet end than the outlet end of the serpentine flow path.

Abstract: In a pyrolytic furnace for the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons, cracking tubes are combined into uniformly arranged groups in the radiation zone of the pyrolytic furnace. The cracking tubes in the radiation zone consist of straight, vertically extending tube sections, manifold tube sections, and tube elbows. The cracking tubes of one group are joined, in the throughflow direction, via manifold tube sections and terminate in an outlet tube. The cracking tubes are arranged in the radiation zone in one plane, except for the juts of the tube elbows. The straight tube sections, subjected to a throughflow from the bottom toward the top and combined in the outlet tube, are located between the straight tube sections subjected to a throughflow from the top toward the bottom and leading into the tube elbows. The curvatures of respectively one-half of the tube elbows of one group extend in the same direction, the direction of curvature of the halves of the tube elbows being in opposition.

Abstract: A heat exchanger has warm coolant or liquid, for example from the engine, flow through it to heat it up. Disposed on the fuel filter is an electrical heating element that can directly heat the filter space or fuel contained in the filter housing. The heating element can be activated and deactivated in a controlled manner, for example manually, only when needed. The heat exchanger is formed of a rubber hose with a helically wound tube coil surrounding it with a sleeve being provided which surrounds the tube coil. The sleeve is made of rubber and securely connected to the hose by vulcanization.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating parenteral fluids for intravenous delivery to a patient. The apparatus includes a disposable cassette which in one presently preferred embodiment is made up of a unitary member which is divided to form a serpentine flow path by a plurality of path separators. Thin, flexible metallic foil membranes are sealingly joined to the unitary member on the upper and bottom surfaces thereof to form an enclosed, fluid-tight serpentine flow path between the plurality of path separators. The entire periphery of the unitary member and the thin, flexible heat conductive foil membranes are sealingly held by a framework. The disposable cassette slides between first and second heating blocks which contact the thin, flexible heat conductive foil membranes so as to provide heat transfer to fluid flowing in the serpentine flow path.

Abstract: A heat transfer coil and method of manufacture where a second piece of tubing is wound around a first piece of tubing while the first piece is straight, where the first piece of tubing is then formed to define the overall coil shape, and then the first and second pieces of tubing internally sized by internal pressurization to also force the two pieces of tubing into intimate contact with each other.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system for recuperation and utilization of exhaust heat from a reformer, in which a plurality of arc passageways are formed respectively on the opposite outside walls of the reformer body with a plurality of arc-shaped steel sheet or zinc-plated steel sheet, said arch passageways together with the bottom chamber under the reformer body serve as preheating duct, and at least one air inlet above each passageway is disposed above the top of the reformer. Under the effect of a blower, the air above the reformer top passes through the said preheating duct, and absorbs the heat dispersed from the reformer body. The preheated air makes indirect heat exchange with the flue gas through a heat pipe excharger. The temperature of the air after heat exchange rises from the environmental to about 220.degree. C. and the air is then introduced to the reformer and auxiliary boiler for combustion. The temperature of the flue gas drops from about 300.degree. C. to about 160.degree. C.

Abstract: A cooling system including a cooling duct adjacent to the hot air duct of an air heater. The cooling duct includes a first wall and a second wall spaced from the first wall such that a passageway is formed therebetween. A wire mesh sheet is arranged in the duct passageway. The wire mesh sheet comprises a plurality of layers of wire mesh and has an undulate configuration which together with its density prevents substantial heat radiation from the first wall of the cooling duct to the second wall without significantly impeding airflow through the cooling duct. Cooling air introduced into the cooling duct flows through the duct, removes heat, radiated by the first wall and absorbed by the wire mesh sheet, and carries that heat away from the duct as it exits through the outlet opening. In this way, the system cools the first wall and prevents any significant heat transfer to the second wall of the cooling duct and elements in the vicinity thereof.

Abstract: A structural support for cryogenic apparatus used in a vacuum vessel includes a plurality of spaced parallel plate members having honeycomb structures interposed therebetween and joined to the plate members. The honeycomb structure provides for a plurality of cells which are the same pressure existing within the vacuum vessel by reason of apertures being provided in the plate members or cell structures. The apertures are arranged so that they are offset from plate-to-plate or cell-to-cell in order that there be no direct optical path from the top of the support structure to the bottom or from side-to-side.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a primary chamber for a primary medium and a secondary chamber for a secondary medium. A gas-tight heat-conducting wall separates the chambers from one another. An outer jacket sheet is disposed at a distance from the wall and defines the secondary chamber along with the wall. A profiled sheet is disposed between the wall and the outer jacket sheet and subdivides the secondary chamber into an inner partial chamber and an outer partial chamber.

Abstract: A compact modular isothermal reactor for converting a feedstock such as methanol into a fuel usable in power generation systems, such as electrochemical fuel cells, is provided. The reactor includes a sealing plate, a baffle plate having heat transfer surfaces extending toward the sealing plate, and a housing having an interior substantially circumscribing the heat transfer surfaces The cooperating surfaces of the sealing plate, baffle plate, heat transfer surfaces and housing interior define a labyrinthine channel for containing a suitable quantity of solid catalyst and through which feedstock flows. The cooperating surfaces of a fluid flow plate and the baffle plate define a flow passage for carrying a thermal fluid. Heat is transferred from the thermal fluid to the feedstock by the heat transfer surfaces. In two alternative designs, thermally conductive pins extending from the baffle plate or a pair of spaced folded thermally conductive plates transfer heat to the interior of a catalyst containment vessel.

Abstract: A windshield washer fluid heater, on the engine cooling circuit of an automobile, with an exchange coil 7 around a rigid internal tube 1 which connects the flexible hoses 2 and 3. The exchanger coil 7 is embedded in the polymer material constituting the external envelope element 6 of the flexible hoses 2 and 3. Application to the windshield washing devices of automotive vehicles.

Abstract: A heat exchanger coil for heating water in a spa or hot tub by transferring heat generated by an electric motor driving a pump to the water in the coil while the pump circulates the water through the spa or hot tub. A restrictor mounted on the shaft of the electric motor creates additional friction between its outer surface and the inner surface of the motor seal to further warm the water.

Abstract: A device for holding and controlling the temperature of a corrosive chemical processing bath. The device has a tank having a bottom intimately covering thermally conductive fins, a heat sink thermally connected to the fins and heaters, connected to the heat sink, for changing the temperature of the fins. Preferably the device is produced by rotationally molding the tank about the fins coated with a polymeric material thereby covering the fins and forming an integral seamless tank.

Abstract: A fluid cooled thermal skin is bolted to a sufficient back structure. In-line coolant flow paths are arranged to pass the cooling fluid through the bolt head. The in-line paths are recessed adjacent the bolt head to mate with flow openings in the head. In one embodiment the paths through the bolt head are parallel paths, requiring alignment of the bolt head. In another embodiment alignment of the bolt head is not required.

Abstract: Clearance control is provided by circumferentially segmented cooling manifolds having spray bars located radially outside selected components of the stator casing. Cooling air is directed onto stator components and returns immediately through circuitous paths to improve uniformity of cooling. The spray bars extend through limited circumferential angles to limit distortion due to uneven heating.

Abstract: A heating device for pre-heating liquid fuel, especially diesel fuel and for heating devices of a low heating performance which are independent from a motor have a heating performance which is suitable for mounting into vehicles, which are driven by the liquid fuel. The pre-heating is effected by a transmission of heat of the exhaust gas to the fuel of the heating device, the fuel being lead through a continuous tubular wrapping in one layer or through a hollow cylinder formed or positioned around the exhaust pipe. This wrapping or hollow cylinder is part of the fuel main from the fuel tank to the fuel supply pump of the heating device. A pre-heating of the content of the tank is effected by the return of the pre-heated, but not burnt fuel through a fuel return main back into the tank. A heat transmitting jacket is advantageously disposed between the wrapping, or a hollow cylinder and the exhaust gas pipe.

Abstract: A formed non-planar heat exchanger having two non-planar plates continuously joined across their contacting surfaces and complementarily curved to form an integral curved member; at least one channel is formed in at least one of the plates to define an integral internal heat exchange fluid flow passage within the curve contour of the curved member; the integral internal heat exchange fluid flow passage conforms with the curved member. A method of making such a device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A pipe wall for hot reaction chambers comprises a plurality of pipes which together define a side to be heat loaded, and a plurality of holding elements arranged on the heat-loaded side for holding a temperature resistant coating. The pipes on the heat-loaded side together forming a substantially flat surface.

Abstract: A heat exchange assembly for use in combination with motor driven fluid pumps and the like, such as a motor, is provided. The assembly comprises a suction manifold, a discharge/diverter manifold, and a heat exchange jacket. The heat exchange jacket is maintained in close contact with the exterior surface of the motor, so that waste heat is transferred to the jacket thereby heating the fluid therein.

Abstract: An actively cooled device, such as a heat shield for a fusion reactor, includes elements (10) of a heat-resistant material, particularly graphite, each being provided with at least one recess having a circular cross section, particularly a groove (14), into which a cooling pipe (16) conducting a coolant is brazed directly and with surface contact. This produces an effective dissipation of heat from the elements and a more durable connection of the elements with the cooling pipe or pipes.

Abstract: A linear accelerator drift tube is formed by a casting technique. Coolant circualting grooves are integrally formed in the central body of the drift tube as well as face plates. This minimizes the temperature of the drift tube in an operating environment thereby maximizing the R.F. efficiency of the unit. The face plates are attached to the central body of the drift tube by means of a solder/electroform joining. The stem of the drift tube includes concentric passages integrally formed in the cast central body which enables efficient circulation of coolant through the drift tube.

Abstract: A buffering portion of boundary layer flow along a flight vehicle surface diverted into an internal cavity at a downstream edge of a surface mounted window isolating recirculating flow of the diverted fluid through the cavity while it is cooled therewithin. Outflow of the cooled buffering fluid from at an upstream edge of the window is conducted into the buffering portion of the boundary layer flow to cool the window and prevent damage thereof by aerodynamically generated heating of the surface under high velocity flight conditions.

Abstract: In a heat protective shield with solid protective element bodies (16), wh consist of highly heat-resistant material such as graphite, each containing a groove-like recess (20), and comprising cooling pipes (12) arranged in the recess (20), the wall portion forming the recess (20) surrounds the respective cooling pipe (12) in tongs-like manner and the protective element bodies (16) are connected to the associated cooling pipe solely in radially form-locking and axially force-locking manner.

Abstract: A compact and efficient heat exchanger is defined by three coaxial tubes, the intermediate tube being spirally fluted and in intimate contact with inner and outer tubes. The resulting three walled tubular structure defines a spiral vent passage and double wall separation between inner and outer flow paths. The three walled structure may be formed into an evaporator coil for use in a water cooler.

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling the contents of a vessel in which refrigerant is passed through pipelines placed as a coil alongside the outer wall of the vessel, the pipelines in the areas of the starting end and of the finishing end of the coil are fastened upon the vessel by clamping elements and laid under tensile stress alongside the vessel.

Abstract: Heat pipe (10) includes an acute angle leading wedge shape form (38) with a radiused leading edge (26). Engine fuel supply (65) cools the trailing wedge shape form (40). The intense heat flux at the leading edge is cleanly dissipated and spread over substantial heat pipe cooling surface (64, 66). A coating (36) on the external surface of the leading edge wedge shape form is formed of a layer of iridium and a layer of oxide.

Abstract: A barrel-shaped solar roofing element consisting of a portion of a conical-shaped panel of a material such as PVC plastic formed by injection molding adapted for receiving an impingement of solar energy upon an outer surface thereof and constructed of insulative material having a relatively thin dimension, a passway extending throughout the panel for conduiting a heat exchanger fluid, the passway having a male coupling at one edge of the panel and a female coupling at a generally distal edge of the panel and constituting a fluid circuit, or at least a portion thereof, each of the male coupling and female coupling formed for interlocking with a complementary or mating kind of coupling of an adjacent panel.

Abstract: A downstream remote processor (40) having a quartz waveguide (54) is cooled by at least one baffle (66). The baffle (66) comprises quartz and is fused to the waveguide (54) so as to contact an inner wall (44) of a container (42). At least one void (68, 70) is formed through baffle (66) to allow a cooling fluid to pass therethrough. The cooling fluid is injected into the container (42) by a pump (72) through an elbow shaped inlet (74). The cooling fluid passes over the waveguide (54) and through the voids (68 and 70). Through the combined effects of the baffle (66) and the cooling fluid which is circulated through the container (42), heat generated within the waveguide (54) is dissipated thus avoiding rapid deterioration thereof and greatly reducing the deposition of contaminants in the wafer (60).

Abstract: A water heater includes a metallic water tank having a generally vertical orientation in use. A tube for carrying a refrigerant fluid is heat-conductively bonded about the outer surface of the wall of the tank while held under tension. The tube is formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to the material of the tank. The tube extends from a position below a cold water inlet at the bottom of the tank to a position approximately 66% of the height of the tank. An evaporator is positioned for exposure to ambient conditions and has a passage for carrying the refrigerant fluid. A compressor is connected to the passage and to the tube to circulate the fluid through the tube and to the evaporator.

Abstract: A vessel for separating entrained particles from a gas in which a vertically extending tubular portion extends through a portion of a housing for providing an outlet for the gas after separation from the particles. The tubular portion includes a tube formed into a spiral coil, and a continuous fin extends from the tube for the entire length of the tube. The fin is welded to adjacent sections of the tube to render the coil airtight. A layer of insulation material extends to both sides of the coil.

Abstract: An aerobic-cultivation tank of vertical type comprises: a closed outer tank structure of cylindrical shape; an internal cooling jacket secured concentrically to the inner wall surface of said tank structure and having a cylindrical space for accommodating a coolant; a plurality of fluid downcast pipes passed vertically through said space and being open at upper and lower ends thereof to upper and lower interior parts of the tank structure; means for passing the coolant through said space; and means for supplying fluid media into the tank structure, whereby, when the fluid media are supplied into the tank structure to a level above the upper ends of the fluid downcast pipes, the fluid media overflow into and descend through said pipes, while being cooled, into a lower interior part of the tank, while a portion of said fluid media in contact with the inner surface of the cooling jacket is also cooled and descends, the fluid media body as a whole thereby undergoing a natural circulatory flow due to convection.

Abstract: A one-piece combination radiator tank and oil cooler for an automotive vehicle comprises a molded polymer structure of double wall construction such that the space between the walls is an oil cooler reservoir which shares a common wall with the coolant reservoir of the radiator tank. The heat from the oil reservoir is transferred to the coolant reservoir. Heat transfer across the common wall is enhanced by using high surface area shapes and by using surface features that promote good heat transfer. The inlet and outlet fittings are also molded polymer. The whole assembly is molded as one piece or as a very few pieces which are bonded together.

Abstract: The present protective/cooling system includes a housing which contains electronic circuitry and optics for a vision system typically operating in a high temperature, turbulent dust and debris environment. The vision system is located in an inner chamber which is sealed from the surrounding harsh environment. A cooling fluid flows through spiral passages around the inner chamber for drawing heat from the contained vision system. The cooling fluid exits across an optical interface in a spiral flow pattern which enhances both the cleaning ability and the cooling efficiency of the cooling system.

Abstract: A canned motor pump wherein the can has two coaxial tubular walls defining an annular space for the flow of a heat exchange fluid which heats or cools the can. If the can has an end wall, the latter can be formed with an additional space which communicates with the annular space. The driven rotor within the can can be rotated by a stator which surrounds the can or by a hollow rotor which rotates the driven rotor by way of one or more magnets. The can can be heated by an electric heater.

Abstract: The wall of a structural component that is subject to high thermal and mechanical stress, such as a position control rocket drive, has a plurality of grooves in its surface for an improved heat discharge by radiation emission. The grooves are cut into the wall surface and have a substantially U-type cross-sectional shape with parallel sidewalls and a substantially rounded groove bottom. The heat emission efficiency is substantially improved by making the groove depth (t) to be about 100 .mu.m and the groove width (b) to be at least 20% of the groove depth, thus (t/b) is at least 5. Additionally, the maximally permissable groove shape tolerance over the entire groove length must be .+-.1 .mu.m and the smallest spacing between neighboring grooves is about 10 .mu.m.

Abstract: A crescent shaped exchanger tank is fitted over the top portion of an electric motor which drives a centrifugal pump. The inlet to the pump is connected to a drain on a bath tub and the discharge of the pump is connected to jet nozzles along the sides of the tub. The heat exchanger has an inlet connected to the high pressure side of the pump and a discharge connected to low pressure or suction side of the pump. The heat of the motor heats the water circulated in the tank to warm the water delivered through the jet nozzles to the tub.

Abstract: A combination radiator and oil cooler including a elongated tubular header 10 having a generally cylindrical cross section with an interior 14 defining a liquid side and an exterior 22 defining an air side. A plurality of elongated parallel tubes 12 are joined to the header 10 at one side thereof and fins 16 extended between the tubes 12. A saddle element 24 is disposed on the header 10 oppositely of the tubes 12 and has a periphery 28, 56, joined to the exterior 22 and an internal section 30, 58, bounded by the periphery 28, 56 and spaced from the exterior 22 to define an oil space 32, 60. An inlet fixture 34 and an outlet fixture 36 are secured to the saddle element 24 oppositely of the space 26, 60 and within the periphery 28, 56 in fluid communication with the oil space 26, 60.

Abstract: A resist developing apparatus comprising a developing tank consisting of a top portion, a body portion, and a bottom portion, at least one of the top, body, and bottom portions being comprised of an inner wall and an outer wall, a heat exchange chamber being defined between the inner and outer walls for being supplied with a heating medium; a chuck disposed inside the developing tank for holding a work piece in position, a nozzle for spraying chemical liquid toward the work piece held in position by the chuck; a heating medium supply unit for supplying heating medium at a specified temperature to the heat exchange chamber; and piping connecting between the heating medium supply unit and the heat exchange chamber, whereby the interior of the developing tank is adapted to be controlled to a specified temperature.

Abstract: Avionics systems are cooled by circulating the heated air through an onboard closed loop system which includes a heat transfer envelope comprised of a liner and the fuselage of the flight vehicle. The liner keeps a constant, thermodynamically optimal passage height between the liner and the fuselage, and is contoured in order to maintain that optimal height between the liner and internal structural support members which abut the fuselage and pass through the heat transfer envelope. The liner is comprised of flexible interlocking liner sections, each of which is produced from the same mold using heat and flame resistant material and subsequently trimmed to precisely fit into its particular area. Each liner section has a convex ridge which fits over an internal structural support member to enclose the member within the heat exchange envelope. Each convex ridge has transverse flexible ribs which accept and removably grasp the support member, thereby removably attaching the liner section to the support member.

Abstract: An evaporator which is formed, in combination, of a first evaporator of a centrifugal falling-film type; and a second evaporator having a shape formed of a heating side wall portion of a downward-pointing conical configuration, a cover portion defining at least one opening, through which a liquid to be treated is charged and resulting volatile components are discharged, and a bottom portion defining at least one opening permitting discharge of an evaporation residue. A scraping agitator is built in the second evaporator. The side wall portion is externally wrapped with a pipe or the like, whereby a heating medium is caused to pass therethrough for heating the side wall portion. The evaporation residue discharge opening of the first evaporator is connected to the opening of the cover portion of the second evaporator.The above evaporator is suitable to recover a volatile component from a high-viscosity liquid containing tar-like substances. It can achieve a high recovery rate.

Abstract: Device for heating or cooling infusion fluids or injectable fluids comprising a heat exchanger in the form of a hollow cylindrical or truncated, conical, double cased pot, open at the top; the outer wall being higher than the inner wall of the double casing, wherein the hollow space of the casing is sealed by a ledge surrounding the upper brim of the inner wall and extending up to the outer wall whereby the ledge is provided with connection branches spaced apart from each other and extending into the interior of the pot, where two parallel ridges form a double helix respectively a double thread within the whole of the hollow space of the casing between the walls, wherein each of the ends of the double helix is connected to one of the connection branches and the return of the double helix is located close to the bottom of the pot as a semi-circular arch.

Abstract: The present invention minimizes the problem of thermal stresses in a glass lined vessel by providing a heat transfer sump in the bottom portion of the vessel. A heat transfer compartment is formed by enclosing the annular space between the exterior portion of the skirt and the bottom portion of the vessel by means of an annular ring. The heat transfer compartment is enclosed by the annular ring, the interior portion of the skirt, and the bottom portion of the vessel. The heat transfer compartment is adapted to receive and hold a heat transfer medium and in this manner form a heat transfer sump.

Abstract: In order to dissipate aerodynamic heating in hypersonic aircraft, while at the same time providing structural support for the leading edge of an airfoil or the nose cone in a manner that avoids transmittal of thermal bending loads into the aircraft, a structural cooling unit is formed of a load bearing structure. The load bearing structure is of hollow construction defining a fluid flow path therethrough and has a fluid inlet at one end of the fluid flow path and a fluid outlet at the other end of the fluid flow path which comprises a tortuous path through the load bearing structure. Additionally, for purposes of forming a structural load path, the load bearing structure is formed into an elongated tubular configuration having at least one substantially continuous heat exchanging surface for aerodynamic heat dissipation.

Abstract: This application discloses several components relating to a heating apparatus which preferably are used in conjunction with each other in an apparatus for heating solid granular or particulate material, such as aggregate used to make asphalt concrete. One component of the present invention includes a heater-condenser unit which indirectly heats the material by circulating heat transfer fluid within hollow plates contained in a housing holding the material. The material is heated, the heat transfer fluid is condensed and a condensate removal means associated with the hollow plates removes the condensate from the housing. The heat transfer fluid used in the heater-condenser preferably is supplied in the form of a vapor or gas evolved from liquid contained in material heated by another type of heater. In this other type of heater, the material to be dried enters a chamber containing hollow heat exchange plates through which a primary heat transfer fluid is circulating.

Abstract: A fiber optic light source is disclosed that comprises a three part heat sink structure for absorbing and transmitting heat out of the interior of the light source to thereby reduce the possibility of heat damage. The heat sink structure comprises an internal stationary heat sink in thermal contact with external stationary and movable heat sinks. The movable heat sink acts as a turret which functions to align fiber optic cables with one or more light sources.

Abstract: A reactor apparatus is provided with an outer jacket surrounding the reaction vessel. The jacket is formed by a plurality of baffles having triangular cross-section. At least some of the baffles are provided with adjustable deflectors. Heat exchanging fluid is admitted into the space between the jacket and the vessel outer wall. The triangular cross-section of the baffles and adjustable deflectors allow optimum regulation of reaction conditions, for example reaction temperature and in effect increase reactor productivity.

Abstract: A fastener (24) secures a thin sheet liner (16) to a supportive substrate (10) for protection against an adjacent high temperature environment (12). Cooling air (20) flows through a plurality of openings (34) and impinges (36) on the fastener (24). The fastener (24) is received within a dimple (32) in the liner (16) and includes an enlarged head portion (38).