Abstract: The invention provides a method for employing the total product stream from hydrolysis of triglycerides comprising fatty acids, glycerin and water to address at the environmental issues associated with drilling, completion and hydrofracturing wells employed for recovery of subterranean hydrocarbon deposits in an area of shale formation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a particularly effective well configuration that can be used for heat based oil recovery methods. Fishbone multilateral wells are combined with inline electric heaters and a thermally conductive proppant. Preferably, an array of overlapping fishbone wells cover the pay, allowing more complete production of the pay, and the use of the proppants prevents the open-hole fishbone laterals from collapsing. These methods can be applied in variety of configurations, including traditional vertically spaced well-pairs, laterally spaced well-pairs, producers only, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: An aqueous synthetic acid composition is provided for use in oil industry activities The composition comprises: lysine and hydrogen chloride in a molar ratio ranging from 1:3 to 1:12.5, preferably from more than 1:5 to 1:8.5 The composition may further comprise a metal iodide or iodate and an alcohol or derivative thereof. The composition demonstrates advantageous properties for synthetic acids at temperatures above 90° C. The composition is useful in various oil and gas industry operations. Preferred embodiments of the composition provide substantial advantages in matrix acidizing by increasing the effectiveness of wormholing.

Abstract: Described herein are penetrating compositions that include ethoxylated C12-C16 alcohols, 2-ethyl hexanol, and isopropyl alcohol, and are injectable into a near-wellbore subterranean formation. The penetrating compositions may include water or brine. The penetrating compositions are free of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGMBE) and nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE). Also described are methods of using penetrating compositions that that include introducing a penetrating composition into a near-wellbore formation and reducing surface tension at an oil/water interface within the formation.

Abstract: Systems for chemical injection. An example system includes a pilot valve comprising: a hydraulic piston, a poppet, and a biasing device. The system further comprises a jay-selector comprising: a rotatable jay-piston having jay-slots, and a plurality of ports. The system additionally comprises a plurality of flow restrictors.

Abstract: A flow diverter for connecting a central bore to an outer conduit. The flow diverter defines a portion of the central bore and angled flow passages connecting the portion of the central bore to the outer conduit. Rounded edges between the central bore and angled flow passages reduce cavitation and/or turbulence. The rounded edges and an adjacent portion of the central bore may be defined by an insert. The insert may define walls extending fully around portions of the angled flow passages.

Abstract: A methane gas production facility or the like capable of efficiently producing a methane gas from a wide range of a methane hydrate layer. In a methane gas production facility that produces a methane gas from a methane hydrate layer MHL, a first horizontal well is provided along the methane hydrate layer MHL and injection water supply units supply injection water obtained by dispersing a carbon dioxide gas in water to the first horizontal well. A second horizontal well is provided along an area in which methane released from methane hydrate by replacement with carbon dioxide rises, a decompression and suction unit decompresses the inside of the second horizontal well by pumping water and sucks water containing methane, and a gas-liquid separation unit separates a methane gas from the sucked water.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for increasing recovery, or flowback, of hydrocarbon compounds from hydrocarbon-containing subterranean fractured rock formations (tight shale reservoirs). The flowback compositions include an anionic dimer surfactant, an anionic monomer surfactant, and a demulsifier. The flowback compositions convert oil-wet rocks to water-wet, yet exhibit a low tendency of composition components to sorb to the rock. The flowback compositions do not cause formation of emulsions with hydrocarbon compounds within the subterranean fractured rock formations. The flowback composition are useful for increasing the yield of hydrocarbons recovered from tight shale reservoirs.

Abstract: The provided method allows optimizing the fracturing design (frac design) while taking into account the two-dimensional modelling of the transport processes in the fracture. The generation of the fracturing design in a well comprises the steps of: obtaining data on hydraulic fracturing including the proppant pumping schedule and the fibre pumping schedule for various types of fibres; generating a degradation matrix for the various types of fibres; generating possible options of the hydraulic fracturing operation according to the fibre type and pumping schedule. Moreover, the method of hydraulic fracturing, which comprises generating a schedule of fracturing in a well, preparing a fracturing fluid containing carrier fluid, proppant, additives, and fibres, and pumping the fracturing fluid into the formation through the well following the selected (optimal) option of the fracturing operation, is provided.

Abstract: This invention is broadly concerned with compositions and processes for oilfield applications. More specifically, this invention relates to novel polymer constructed packages that, when pumped into a petroleum well, provide tunable characteristics of transformation and delayed self-assembly with each other under reservoir conditions to yield strong, elastic, bulk gel materials. The compositions comprise a polymer, assembling agents, and optional additives used for the re-assembly stage are uniformly-distributed within the initial gel particles. The polymer particle packages absorb water and swell upon exposure to water, thus exposing the “assembling agents” that enable re-assembly. Both swelling and re-assembly are proportionally controlled via compositions to be tunable to allow functional dispersion and subsequent self-assembly under various reservoir conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the injection of water and gas, either simultaneously or alternately, into subsea wells in order to enhance production and the oil recovery level. Thus, the present invention provides a subsea system for pressurizing a subsea oil reservoir injecting at least one of water and gas, comprising (i) at least two subsea injection wells (4, 4?), each subsea injection well (4, 4?) being connected to a production unit (5) by means of a single subsea line (1, 2) which is connected to the respective subsea injection well (4, 4?) by a main injection mandrel (6, 6?), and (ii) at least one jumper (3), each jumper (3) hydraulically connecting two of the at least two adjacent subsea injection wells (4, 4?) through annular mandrels (7, 7?). The present invention further provides a subsea reservoir pressurization method associated with the above-described system.

Abstract: A method of recovering hydrocarbons comprises introducing a suspension comprising nanoparticles to a material and contacting surfaces of the material with the suspension. After introducing the suspension comprising the nanoparticles to the material, the method further includes introducing at least one charged surfactant to the material and removing hydrocarbons from the material. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the nanoparticles may be introduced to the material prior to introduction of the surfactant to the material. Related methods of recovering hydrocarbons from a material are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method to capture water power from head or pressure is provided utilizing pipes, inlets, and outlets. The apparatus comprises a central bore having an internal diameter suitable for a fluid flow, the fluid flow moves inside the central bore through the apparatus, and at least one outlet, the fluid flow exits the apparatus through the at least one outlet, optionally, a plurality of inlets for flowing additional fluid to the central bore mix the fluid flow with the additional fluid from the plurality of inlets. The apparatus can further mix the fluid through additional mixing devices and additional devices can be used to recapture energy such as hydroelectric power from the fluid flow. The system and method can capture water energy from the fluid flow.

Abstract: Corrosion inhibiting compositions and methods of inhibiting corrosion on a metal surface commonly used in the petroleum industry is disclosed. The corrosion inhibitor includes at least one azole, at least one polypeptide derived from amino acid, at least one intensifier preferably from metal halides, and at least one surfactant. The methods include combining effective amounts of the corrosion inhibitor composition and contacting a metal surface in aqueous environment commonly found in oil and gas industry. The composition is very effective against corrosion of metals in contact with aqueous media when used in a dosage as low as 50 ppm.

Abstract: Corrosion inhibiting compositions and methods of inhibiting corrosion on a metal surface commonly used in the petroleum industry is disclosed. The corrosion inhibitor includes at least one azole, at least one polypeptide derived from amino acid, at least one intensifier preferably from metal halides, and at least one surfactant. The methods include combining effective amounts of the corrosion inhibitor composition and contacting a metal surface in aqueous environment commonly found in oil and gas industry. The composition is very effective against corrosion of metals in contact with aqueous media when used in a dosage as low as 50 ppm.

Abstract: A completion apparatus for a wellbore includes several flow tools and an actuation mechanism. The flow tools have a piston defining first and second chambers with a housing. The chambers communicate with hydraulics so the piston are movable in response to the communicated hydraulics. A sleeve disposed in the housing is movable with the piston between first, second, and third positions. The sleeve can have a seat movable between two conditions for passing/engaging plugs. The sleeve in the first position closes off communication through the first and second ports, and the sleeve in the second position permits communication through the first port and closes off communication through the second port. The sleeve in the third position closes off communication through the first port and permits communication through the second port. The actuation mechanism is operable to communicate the hydraulics respectively with the chambers of the flow tools.

Abstract: An aqueous synthetic acid composition is disclosed for use in oil industry activities, the composition comprising: lysine and hydrogen chloride in a molar ratio ranging from 1:3 to 1:12.5, preferably from more than 1:5 to 1:8.5. The composition can also further comprise a metal iodide or iodate an alcohol or derivative thereof. The composition demonstrates advantageous properties over known synthetic acids at temperatures above 90° C. The composition is useful in various oil and gas industry operations. Preferred embodiments of the composition provide substantial advantages in matrix acidizing by increasing the effectiveness of wormholing as compared to conventional mineral acids such as HCl.

Abstract: Methods and systems for recovering hydrocarbon gas from a subterranean reservoir comprising a wellbore, where hydrocarbon gas flow from the subterranean reservoir is impeded due to collection of liquids, including water, in the wellbore, the methods and systems comprising introducing a composition comprising at least one alkali metal silicide into the wellbore.

Abstract: The present application provides a horizontal well multi-section multi-stage reciprocating fracturing method and apparatus. The method comprises the steps of: dividing a fracturing tubular column into n fracturing sections; fracturing the first fracturing section to form a first first-stage fracture; fracturing the second fracturing section to form a second first-stage fracture; fracturing the first fracturing section again to form a first second-stage fracture; going on in this way, fracturing the nth fracturing section to form an nth first-stage fracture; fracturing the (n?1)th fracturing section again to form an (n?1)th second-stage fracture; going on in this way, at last, fracturing the nth fracturing section again to form an (n)th-stage fracture. The present method and apparatus can effectively eliminate or reduce the interference of relatively long fractures that has been generated during the horizontal well multi-section fracturing to fractures generated by subsequent fracturing.

Abstract: A method for controlling a subsidence area caused by underground mining in an adjoining open-pit mine, applied in an open-pit and underground coordinated mining process. In the method, a ground subsidence area caused by underground mining and production is directly filled and covered with overburden materials such as soil and rock discharged from an adjoining open-pit mine; small and medium fracture zones and large fracture zones caused by mining are timely backfilled, tamped, and levelled according to areas before the ground subsidence area appears, the thickness of the levelled soil layer is kept above 1 m, and the area slope is controlled within 7°.

Abstract: A method of altering wettability of a subterranean formation penetrated by a well is described. A first oxidizer including a persulfate is introduced to the subterranean formation. A second oxidizer including a bromate is introduced to the subterranean formation. The well is shut in for a period of time to allow the first oxidizer and the second oxidizer to alter the wettability of the subterranean formation toward non-wetting of oil and of water.

Abstract: Compounds are identified that act as crystallization suppressants when added to clear brine fluids, significantly lowering the true crystallization temperatures of the brines, and allowing for higher salt content in clear brine fluids. The crystallization suppressants of the invention also allow for the preparation of higher density zinc free brines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous solution for drilling wells in low-gradient formations and is made up of products from three chemical families, namely a high molecular weight polymer mixture, an inhibitor, and an amine mixture. The solution is mixed with a seawater liquid base. The solution substitutes invert emulsion and was designed to control swelling, dispersion, and migration of fine colloidal materials, and the fluid can drill high pressure gradient intervals and be formulated to resolve any challenge presented by the formation. The system with the solution is environmentally-friendly and complies with the required main functions of the drilling fluids while also providing a high inhibition control by swelling and dispersion of clay zones, due to the polymeric nature of the materials with which it is formulated.

Abstract: Provided are techniques that include operating a spiral contactor. The techniques include receiving, by a spiral contactor, a first fluid, and receiving a second fluid, wherein the first fluid is different than the second fluid. The techniques also include exchanging the first fluid and the second fluid using the spiral contactor, and outputting a deoxygenated fluid from the spiral contactor, wherein the deoxygenated fluid has a lower oxygen concentration than the first fluid.

Abstract: Water penetration into a siliceous subterranean hydrocarbon fluid-bearing formation is inhibited by introducing into the formation organosiloxane possessing at least one alkoxy group directly bonded to a silicon atom.

Abstract: A well treatment fluid containing borated galactomannan may be used to isolate a pre-determined productive zone in an oil or gas well. The fluid is pumped into the well in a substantially non-hydrated form and forms a temporary seal. The fluid may be used as a chemical packer in place of a mechanical packer. After the pre-determined productive zone is isolated, a well intervention operation may be performed within the isolated pre-determined zone.

Abstract: Application of polyaminated fatty acid-based oil compositions to additive particles to control dusting. A method reducing an amount of dust produced during transfer of additive particles in well operations may comprise providing treated additive particles comprising additive particles and a polyaminated fatty acid-based oil composition disposed on a surface of at least portion of the particles, wherein the polyaminated fatty acid-based oil composition comprises a polyaminated fatty acid and an organic solvent. The method may further comprise mixing components comprising the treated additive particles and a base fluid to provide a treatment fluid. The method may further comprise introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation.

Abstract: A composition for use in a polymer flooding operation in a viscous oil containing carbonate reservoir formation with in situ rock is provided. The composition includes a polymer, the polymer operable to increase the viscosity of the composition; and a smart water, the smart water operable to alter a wettability of the in situ rock, wherein the smart water has a total dissolved solids of between 5,000 ppm and 7,000 ppm, wherein the total dissolved solids comprises one or more salts; wherein the composition has a viscosity between 4 cP and 100 cP.

Abstract: A method can include polymerizing a blend of materials where the materials include polymeric material and a degradable alloy material; and forming a degradable component from the polymerized blend of materials. Such a method can include exposing the degradable component to water where the degradable alloy material reacts with the water to at least in part degrade the component.

Abstract: Methods of enhancing well production, including enhancing fluid flow by conductivity enhancement, diversion, and fluid-loss control, are described. The method of enhancing fluid flow includes introducing a fracturing fluid including resin-coated proppant particles into the formation; introducing (i) a thermosetting composition including one or more di- or tricarboxylic acids and one or more epoxidized fatty acid esters or (ii) thermoset particulates comprising an anhydride network of one or more epoxidized fatty acid esters cross-linked with one or more di- or tricarboxylic acids, into the formation; allowing the resin-coated proppant particles and (i) the thermosetting composition or (ii) the thermoset particulates to form a proppant matrix in a fracture; and allowing voids to form in the proppant matrix.

Abstract: Methods and systems for recovering hydrocarbon gas from a subterranean reservoir comprising a wellbore, the methods and systems comprising introducing solid carbon dioxide into the wellbore are described within.

Abstract: A composition for use in a polymer flooding operation in a viscous oil containing carbonate reservoir formation with in situ rock is provided. The composition includes a polymer, the polymer operable to increase the viscosity of the composition; and a tuned water, the tuned water operable to alter a wettability of the in situ rock, wherein the tuned water has a total dissolved solids of between 5,000 ppm by weight and 7,000 ppm by weight, wherein the total dissolved solids comprises one or more salts; wherein the composition has a viscosity between 4 cP and 100 cP.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with the treatment of produced water, that may be obtained from a chemically enhanced oil recovery process using viscosity-increasing polymeric compounds. Said treatment comprises particularly the steps of obtaining a produced water, such as from an oil-water mixture recovered from an oil-bearing formation, wherein the produced water comprises the viscosity-increasing polymeric compounds; and, of directing the produced water to a specific filtration device, and subjecting the produced water to filtration, for obtaining a retentate stream and a permeate stream. Said process allows particularly obtaining a permeate comprising the viscosity-increasing polymeric compounds, said permeate being substantially free of suspended solids, free oil and emulsified oil.

Abstract: An oil recovery composition of an aqueous solution of one or more salts and dilute polymer and processes for enhanced oil recovery using the oil recovery composition are provided. An oil recovery composition may include an aqueous solution of one or more salts having a salinity of about 4000 parts-per-million (ppm) total dissolved solids (TDS) to about 8000 ppm TDS and a polymer having a concentration of 250 ppm to 750 ppm. The one or more salts may include at least one of sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4). The polymer may include a copolymer of acrylamide and acrylamido tertiary butyl sulfonate (ATBS). The oil recovery compositions provided may be suited for enhancing oil recovery in carbonate reservoirs having in situ oil viscosities less than 3 centipoise (cP).

Abstract: A method of mitigating annular pressure buildup includes providing or using a foamed treatment fluid including: an aqueous base fluid; a water-soluble polymer comprising carbonyl groups; an organic crosslinking agent that comprises an amine group that is capable of crosslinking the water-soluble polymer comprising carbonyl groups; a foam surfactant; and sufficient gas to form a foam; and introducing the foamed treatment fluid into a well bore annulus. A foamed treatment fluid includes an aqueous base fluid; a water-soluble polymer comprising carbonyl groups; an organic crosslinking agent that comprises an amine group that is capable of crosslinking the water-soluble polymer comprising carbonyl groups; a foam surfactant; and sufficient gas to form a foam.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water-soluble branched sulfonated amphoteric polymer, for a water-based drilling fluid, wherein the polymer is obtained by precipitation polymerization, in a mixture of polar solvents, of at least one N,N?-dialkylacrylamide monomer and one sulfonic acid-containing monomer, in the presence of tetraallylammonium halide as branching agent. The invention also relates to a water-based drilling fluid for subterranean boreholes, including: an aqueous fluid, said aqueous fluid being selected from sea water, brine, or salt-containing aqueous solution, between 0.1 and 5.0 weight percent of the water-soluble branched sulfonated amphoteric polymer described above.

Abstract: A method of acidizing a subterranean geological formation by injecting an emulsified acid into a wellbore, wherein the emulsified acid includes at least an aqueous phase comprising a hydrochloric acid solution, an oil phase comprising waste oil, and an emulsifier, and wherein the waste oil contains 45-75% by weight of aromatic compounds and preferably contains less than 0.5% by weight of non-hydrocarbon compounds. Various embodiments, and combinations of embodiments, of the emulsified acid and the method of acidizing are provided.

Abstract: A method of acidizing a subterranean geological formation by injecting an emulsified acid into a wellbore, wherein the emulsified acid includes at least an aqueous phase comprising a hydrochloric acid solution, an oil phase comprising waste oil, and an emulsifier, and wherein the waste oil contains 45-75% by weight of aromatic compounds and preferably contains less than 0.5% by weight of non-hydrocarbon compounds. Various embodiments, and combinations of embodiments, of the emulsified acid and the method of acidizing are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a wellbore fluid which comprises an aqueous continuous phase and, dissolved in said aqueous continuous phase, at least one salt which exists in a liquid state at a temperature below 150° C. and which has an ammonium, phosphonium or sulfonium cation containing at least 5 carbon atoms, or a quaternised nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cation containing at least 6 carbon atoms; provided that said salt is not 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl ethanaminium acetate; and a method of carrying out a wellbore operation, which comprises introducing into a wellbore in a clay-containing formation, a wellbore fluid according to the invention. The described salts are effective shale inhibitors.

Abstract: A downhole tool assembly including a bridge plug and a cement retainer in tandem to be deployed into a wellbore on the same run or trip for remedial cementing of the wellbore.

Abstract: Provided is a process for limiting or preventing the formation and/or agglomeration of gas hydrates, comprising combining (1) a production fluid comprising an aqueous phase and one or more gasses and (2) at least one compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system for providing on-site electrical power to a fracturing operation, and an electrically powered fracturing system. Natural gas can be used to drive a turbine generator in the production of electrical power. A scalable, electrically powered fracturing fleet is provided to pump fluids for the fracturing operation, obviating the need for a constant supply of diesel fuel to the site and reducing the site footprint and infrastructure required for the fracturing operation, when compared with conventional systems.

Abstract: A hybrid particle mix lost circulation material (LCM) is provided. The hybrid particle mix LCM includes date palm seed particles produced from date palm seeds and scrap tire particles produced from scrap tires. The LCM may include date palm seed particles in the range of about 50 wt % to about 80% and scrap tire particles in the range of about 50 wt % to about 20 wt %. Methods of lost circulation control and manufacture of a hybrid particle mix LCM are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with the treatment of produced water, obtained from a chemically enhanced oil recovery process using viscosity-increasing polymeric compounds. Said treatment comprises particularly the steps of obtaining a produced water, from an oil-water mixture recovered from an oil-bearing formation, wherein the produced water comprises the viscosity-increasing polymeric compounds; and, of directing the produced water to a specific filtration device, and subjecting the produced water to filtration, for obtaining a retentate stream and a permeate stream. Said process allows particularly obtaining a permeate comprising the viscosity-increasing polymeric compounds, said permeate being substantially free of suspended solids, free oil and emulsified oil.

Abstract: Compounds are identified that act as crystallization suppressants when added to clear brine fluids, significantly lowering the true crystallization temperatures of the brines, and allowing for higher salt content in clear brine fluids. The crystallization suppressants of the invention also allow for the preparation of higher density zinc free brines. Crystallization suppressant blends are also identified that allow for the preparation of high density clear brine fluids with lower viscosities.

Abstract: A hybrid particle mix lost circulation material (LCM) is provided. The hybrid particle mix LCM includes date palm seed particles produced from date palm seeds and scrap tire particles produced from scrap tires. The LCM may include date palm seed particles in the range of about 50 wt % to about 80% and scrap tire particles in the range of about 50 wt % to about 20 wt %. Methods of lost circulation control and manufacture of a hybrid particle mix LCM are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of providing a barrier in a fracture-containing system, comprising: i) Providing a treatment fluid comprising: a) a base fluid; b) an elastomeric material, wherein said elastomeric material comprises at least one polymer capable of crosslinking into an elastomer, and c) at least one crosslinking agent; ii) Placing the treatment fluid in a fracture-containing system; iii) Allowing the elastomeric material to crosslink with itself to form a barrier in said fracture-containing system; wherein the elastomeric material and/or the crosslinking agent are of neutral buoyancy with regard to the base fluid. The invention is contemplated to having utility not only in the oil-drilling industry but also in the plugging of fractures in sewer drains, pipelines etc.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to guanidine- or guanidinium-containing clay or shale stabilizers for treatment of subterranean formations. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method of treating a subterranean formation that can include placing a composition including a clay or shale stabilizer including at least one of a substituted guanidine group and a substituted guanidinium group in a subterranean formation.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to double emulsified acids, specifically water in oil in water (W/O/W) double emulsions with an acidic interior water phase. The double emulsified acid may include two or more emulsifying agents. In addition to improving the stability of the emulsions, the emulsifying agents may help slow the acid reaction rate. The first emulsifying agent may have an HLB greater than 7 and the second emulsifying agent may have an HLB less than or equal to 7. Other embodiments are directed to methods for producing a double emulsified acid and methods for acidizing a carbonate formation including a double emulsified acid.

Abstract: Provided herein are liquid polymer (LP) compositions comprising a synthetic (co)polymer (e.g., an acrylamide (co)polymer), as well as methods for preparing inverted polymer solutions by inverting these LP compositions in an aqueous fluid. The resulting inverted polymer solutions can have a concentration of a synthetic (co)polymer (e.g., an acrylamide (co)polymer) of from 50 to 15,000 ppm, and a filter ratio of 1.5 or less at 15 psi using a 1.2 ?m filter. Also provided are methods of using these inverted polymer solutions in oil and gas operations, including enhanced oil recovery.