Abstract: A modular robot development kit includes an extensible mobile robot platform and a programmable development module that connects to the mobile robot platform. The mobile robot platform includes a controller that executes robot behaviors concurrently and performs robot actions in accordance with robot control signals received from the development module, as modified by the concurrently running robot behaviors, as a safeguard against performing potentially damaging robot actions. Also, the user can develop software that is executed on the development module and which transmits the robot control signals to the mobile robot platform over the data communication link using a robot interface protocol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vehicle traveling state determining apparatus including a camera which picks up an image of a road surface in a direction in which a vehicle is traveling, and zigzag state detecting section for determining a zigzag amount on the basis of the road surface image picked up using the camera, wherein the zigzag state detecting section is comprised of speed vector calculating section for calculating a speed vector of the road surface image by comparing a last road surface image picked up using the camera with a current road surface image picked up using the camera, and determining section for determining whether or not the vehicle is traveling in a zigzag line on the basis of the speed vector of the road surface image calculated by the speed vector detecting section.

Abstract: A vehicle having (i) a rotatable platform for securing a load thereto, and (ii) an object detection system for detecting an object in the vehicle's path of travel. The sensitivity of the object detection system is variable so that it can be varied based on the rotated position of the load.

Abstract: The cargo transport system according to this invention employs a tow vehicle that can automatically follow and run upon guide lines. The tow vehicle can tow cargo laden equipment such as container dollies to thereby automatically transport the air cargo. The air cargo is conveyed by an underground air cargo conveyor mechanism which has the conveyor line including the guide line installed underground to link the air cargo holding area in the airport terminal building and the aircraft parking area. Further, the system connects the loading/unloading cargo door of the aircraft and the underground loading/unloading position for the underground air cargo conveyor mechanism by an air cargo elevator.

Abstract: An automated guided vehicle control system and method which allows overall conveying time to be reduced by simultaneously moving a plurality of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) to working locations without interfering with each other. For this purpose, when there is a conveyance request, one of a plurality of the AGVs operated on a single guide path is assigned work. Further, it is determined whether another automated guided vehicle moving to a working location exists on the guide path. Also information on current and working locations of the automated guided vehicles is read if the automated guided vehicle moving to the working location exists on the guide path. Further, it is determined whether simultaneous movements are possible based on the read information. The automated guided vehicle waiting for work is moved if the simultaneous movements are possible.

Abstract: A governor system for limiting the ground speed of a vehicle and maintaining an idle speed of the engine. The governor system includes a first feedback shaft operably coupled with a transmission of the vehicle to provide a first feedback torque in response to a ground speed of the vehicle. A second feedback shaft is operably coupled with the engine to provide a second feedback torque in response to a revolutionary speed (RPM) of the engine. A ground speed governor system is coupled between the first feedback shaft and the throttle system of the engine for limiting operation of the throttle system in response to the first feedback torque, thereby limiting ground speed. An idle speed governor system is coupled between the second feedback shaft and the throttle system of the engine for actuating the throttle system in response to the second feedback torque, thereby maintaining a desired idle speed.

Abstract: An automated transportation (10) system includes a plurality of vehicles (22) adapted to travel along a pathway, and a monitoring system (70) located within each vehicle and adapted to monitor a location and a speed between an associated vehicle and the pathway. The automated transportation system (10) also includes a transmitter (72) located within each vehicle (22) and adapted to transmit a signal that includes data on the location and the speed monitored, and a receiver (76) located within each vehicle and adapted to receive the signal from each of the other vehicles. The automated transportation system (10) further includes a controller (78) located within each vehicle and adapted to interpret the signal received by the receiver and control the associated vehicle to provide proper spacing between the remaining vehicles to avoid collisions therebetween and maximize throughput of the vehicles along the pathway.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods that use a visual sensor and dead reckoning sensors to process Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). These techniques can be used in robot navigation. Advantageously, such visual techniques can be used to autonomously generate and update a map. Unlike with laser rangefinders, the visual techniques are economically practical in a wide range of applications and can be used in relatively dynamic environments, such as environments in which people move. One embodiment further advantageously uses multiple particles to maintain multiple hypotheses with respect to localization and mapping. Further advantageously, one embodiment maintains the particles in a relatively computationally-efficient manner, thereby permitting the SLAM processes to be performed in software using relatively inexpensive microprocessor-based computer systems.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and an arrangement for signalizing the controlled deactivation of an assistance system during operation of motor vehicles (10) which are steerable by a steering manipulation device (36). The method is characterized in that the signalization takes place via a touch-sensitive signal generated in a controlled manner in the steering manipulation means (36). For this purpose, the arrangement includes actuating means (38, 78) which impresses a touch-sensitive signal on the steering manipulation device (36) with the signal being generated in a controlled manner.

Abstract: Device for inductive power supply and guidance of a moving object, with a primary inductance element extending as a conductive loop along a path provided for the object. A secondary inductance element is arranged on the object and can be coupled magnetically with the primary inductance element for power transmission. Several receiver inductance elements are arranged on the object and output measurement signals dependent on the magnetic field of the primary inductance element. An evaluation device determines a measure for the position of the object with reference to the conductive loop from the measurement signals. A regular arrangement of receiver inductance elements is provided, which extends on the object at least perpendicular to its direction of motion. The receiver inductance elements are simultaneously also connected to a data receiver device, which contains a way for extracting a data signal from the output voltage of at least one of the receiver inductance elements.

Abstract: From a collision load, a one-time integration value and a two-time integration value are computed. The one-time integration value and two-time integration value are then used for obtaining a mass and rigidity of a collision object as two primary parameters. The obtained two primary parameters are used for determining whether or not the collision object is a pedestrian. This achieves accuracy in determining the collision object that is remarkably superior to a conventional method that uses a collision load waveform.

Abstract: A method and path planner for planning a path of a vehicle comprising a perimeter training module for identifying a border of a region associated with a work area. A definer for defining a reference row having a reference path that tracks at least a majority of the border. A generator generates tracking rows that track the reference row. The tracking rows comprise at least one inner tracking row and an outer tracking row. Each inner tracking row having at least one inner curve with a lesser radius than an outer tracking row having a corresponding outer curve with a greater radius.

Abstract: An operation member is manually operable to select and drive an in-vehicle apparatus. A compression spring applies counterforce to the operation member against operational movement of the operation member. A load sensor senses an operational work load of a driver of a vehicle. A movable member is driven by a motor to change the counterforce based on the operational work load of the driver sensed by the load sensor.

Abstract: A system for controlling a mobile machine is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system comprises an integrated guidance system coupled with a steering component. The integrated guidance system comprises a position determining system for determining the geographic position of the mobile machine. A guidance system coupled with the position determining system is for determining a deviation of the mobile machine from a desired direction. The integrated guidance system also comprises a display coupled with the guidance system for visually indicating a deviation from a desired direction and a steering interface for controlling the steering component. The steering component automatically controls the steering mechanism of the mobile machine in response to a steering command generated by the steering interface. In embodiments of the present invention, the position determining system, the guidance system, the display, and the steering interface are disposed within a housing.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a system and method for confining a robot to a particular space. The system includes a portable barrier signal transmitter that produces a barrier signal primarily along an axis, and a mobile robot capable of avoiding the barrier signal upon detection of the barrier signal. In the preferred embodiment the barrier signal is emitted in an infrared frequency and the robot includes an omni-directional signal detector. Upon detection of the signal, the robot turns in a direction selected by a barrier avoidance algorithm until the barrier signal is no longer detected.

Abstract: A navigational control system for altering movement activity of a robotic device operating in a defined working area, comprising a transmitting subsystem integrated in combination with the robotic device, for emitting a number of directed beams, each directed beam having a predetermined emission pattern, and a receiving subsystem functioning as a base station that includes a navigation control algorithm that defines a predetermined triggering event for the navigational control system and a set of detection units positioned within the defined working area in a known spaced-apart relationship, the set of detection units being configured and operative to detect one or more of the directed beams emitted by the transmitting system; and wherein the receiving subsystem is configured and operative to process the one or more detected directed beams under the control of the navigational control algorithm to determine whether the predetermined triggering event has occurred, and, if the predetermined triggering event has

Abstract: An automaton configured to perform a task comprises a communication interface to communicate positional information with one or more anchor points provided within a given environment. The positional information enables generation of mapping information of the given environment. A motor provides the automation with mobility. A memory stores the mapping information. A controller controls the motor to enable the automaton to perform the task in the given environment using a first task route that has been generated using the mapping information.

Abstract: A method controls the speed of a motor vehicle in accordance with risk. Each risk element of a road segment is evaluated for the specific risk potential thereof by taking into consideration the perils and the actual speed of the driver of the motor vehicle. An integral risk potential is calculated for the road segment on the basis of the sum of the specific risk potentials of all detected risk elements. A system is provided to carry out the method of the invention.

Abstract: A system and method of assessing the driving task demand on the driver of a vehicle, and further controlling one or more devices on the vehicle as a function of the assessed driver demand is provided. The method includes sensing a coverage zone in relation to a vehicle, determining a presence of one or more objects in the sensed zone, measuring speed of each detected object in the sensed zone, determining a variation in speed of one or more sensed objects, and determining a driving task demand signal indicative of driving task demand of the vehicle as a function of the measured speed variability. The method controls one or more devices on the vehicle based on the driving task demand signal. Alternately, the driving task demand signal is determined based on vehicle speed.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling steering oscillations in a work vehicle having a closed loop GPS based automatic steering system, wherein the closed loop steering system has a default gain and a user defined gain. The method causes the system to automatically apply the default gain when an implement is raised and/or when a steering oscillation has been detected and to automatically apply the user defined gain when the implement has been lowered and/or the GPS track has been acquired.

Abstract: A governor system for limiting the ground speed of a vehicle and maintaining an idle speed of the engine. The governor system includes a first feedback shaft operably coupled with a transmission of the vehicle to provide a first feedback torque in response to a ground speed of the vehicle. A second feedback shaft is operably coupled with the engine to provide a second feedback torque in response to a revolutionary speed (RPM) of the engine. A ground speed governor system is coupled between the first feedback shaft and the throttle system of the engine for limiting operation of the throttle system in response to the first feedback torque, thereby limiting ground speed. An idle speed governor system is coupled between the second feedback shaft and the throttle system of the engine for actuating the throttle system in response to the second feedback torque, thereby maintaining a desired idle speed.

Abstract: A material handling system for use in storing and moving goods within multi-level storage warehouses, ocean going vessels and the like wherein storage areas are provided on at least one of the levels and wherein goods are automatically transferred to and from the storage areas and between the various levels by self-propelled load transfer vehicles. The load transfer vehicles move across the surface of the various levels and deliver are also movable within open vertical trunks between the levels to thereby move goods to any desired area.

Abstract: An autonomous robot, that is for example, suitable for operations such as vacuuming and surface cleaning includes a payload configured for vacuum cleaning, a drive system including a steering system, a navigation system, and a control system for integrating operations of the aforementioned systems.

Abstract: A driving support system according to the present invention is provided with an actuator for steering steered wheels and performs a driving support control of a vehicle to apply an additional torque to a steering mechanism incorporating the steered wheels, by means of the actuator to steer the steered wheels. The driving support system has an image taking device for taking a forward image ahead the vehicle, a controller for driving the actuator to generate the torque on the steering mechanism on the basis of the forward image acquired by the image taking device, to perform the driving support control, a steering wheel torque detector for detecting a steering wheel torque on a steering wheel, and a control suppressor for prioritizing a steering operation by a driver to the driving support control when a magnitude of the steering wheel torque is not less than a predetermined value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement for a Ro—Ro vessel, which exhibits a number of cargo-receiving spaces provided with a driving surface internally in the vessel, and with a ramp extending between one such space and a quay, along which ramp driverless cargo handling vehicles (7), known as AGV vehicles, are capable of being driven between designated parking places for the purpose of transporting cargo between the quay and the aforementioned cargo-receiving space of the vessel. Means (9) are provided for causing the cargo handling vehicles (7) to be guided between the aforementioned spaces and the quay and into the intended train of vehicles in the designated location in a line (II) and without connecting the cargo handling vehicles (7) to one another.

Abstract: An unmanned vehicle for displacing manure in a stable or field which comprises a steering unit for steering the vehicle and a frame. Two wheels and a manure displacing blade which depend from the frame provide the entire support for the vehicle, the vehicle's center of gravity being in an axis which falls between the wheels and the blade. A freely turnable circular bumper is also carried by the frame and prevents the vehicle from colliding with obstacles in the area wherein it operates. The vehicle also includes orientation and steering components as well as sensors for controlling the course of travel of the vehicle within the area and, such as the circular bumper, to prevent it from colliding with obstacles in the area.

Abstract: A navigational control system for altering movement activity of a robotic device operating in a defined working area, comprising a transmitting subsystem integrated in combination with the robotic device, for emitting a number of directed beams, each directed beam having a predetermined emission pattern, and a receiving subsystem functioning as a base station that includes a navigation control algorithm that defines a predetermined triggering event for the navigational control system and a set of detection units positioned within the defined working area in a known spaced-apart relationship, the set of detection units being configured and operative to detect one or more of the directed beams emitted by the transmitting system; and wherein the receiving subsystem is configured and operative to process the one or more detected directed beams under the control of the navigational control algorithm to determine whether the predetermined triggering event has occurred, and, if the predetermined triggering event has

Abstract: A system provides guidance to a vehicle on an approach to a position. A guidance transmitter stationed at the position includes light sources arranged in an array and a controller coupled to the light sources. The array defines a primary field-of-view (FOV) from which all light sources are visible. The light sources are divided into a plurality of sections with each section having a portion of the light sources associated therewith. Operation of each section of light sources is governed by the controller in accordance with unique cyclical on/off sequences. A primary waveform of light energy is defined by a composite of the cyclical on/off sequences visible from within the primary FOV. A plurality of secondary waveforms of light energy are defined by the cyclical on/off sequences visible from positions outside of the primary FOV.

Abstract: In a system of accelerating a car using a brake operating mechanism, the driver is required to be ready to step on the brake operating mechanism so as to rapidly decelerate the car in order to avoid danger, if necessary, while he is releasing his foot from the brake operating mechanism, which is a burden for the driver. Therefore, a footrest function range and a braking force increasing function range are provided to an operating amount or an operating force of a pedal 13.

Abstract: A collision avoidance system for a vehicle includes a collision avoidance processor, and an active sensor for obtaining successive range measurements to objects along a path transversed by the vehicle. The active sensor includes a near range gate for obtaining a near range measurement to objects located at a range less than a first predetermined range, and a far range gate for obtaining a far range measurement to objects located at a range greater than a second predetermined range. The near and far range measurements are provided to the collision avoidance processor for maneuvering of the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle guidance system for guiding a vehicle along a magnetic marker including a first magnetic sensor having a sensing axis, the first sensor measuring a first magnetic field. A second magnetic sensor has a sensing axis, the second sensor measuring a second magnetic field. The sensing axis of the second magnetic sensor crosses the sensing axis of the first magnetic sensor at a vehicle guide point. A processor is configured to receive data representative of the magnetic field measured by the first and second sensors and to calculate a lateral offset between the guide point and the magnetic marker based upon the measured magnetic fields. A method for guiding a vehicle in response to a marker having magnetic field is also disclosed.

Abstract: In an automotive lane deviation avoidance system that prevents a host vehicle from deviating from its driving lane by correcting the host vehicle's course in a direction that avoids the host vehicle's lane deviation in the presence of a possibility of the host vehicle's lane deviation, the system calculates a desired yawing moment needed to avoid the host vehicle's lane deviation from the driving lane. The system compensates for the desired yawing moment by a correction factor or a gain, which is determined based on a throttle opening of the host vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a system and method for confining a robot to a particular space. The system includes a portable barrier signal transmitter that produces a barrier signal primarily along an axis, and a mobile robot capable of avoiding the barrier signal upon detection of the barrier signal. In the preferred embodiment the barrier signal is emitted in an infrared frequency and the robot includes an omni-directional signal detector. Upon detection of the signal, the robot turns in a direction selected by a barrier avoidance algorithm until the barrier signal is no longer detected.

Abstract: A robot cleaner capable of returning to an external recharging device.

Abstract: In a method for determining the state of a road during driving of a motor vehicle, the sound which is generated when a vehicle tire rolls on an underlying surface is sensed. A frequency signal is determined by means of a sound level signal which describes the sound, and is divided into at least two sub-zones by means of at least one limiting frequency. The sub-zones are each assigned to an associated frequency band, and an intensity value is determined for each of at least two frequency bands from the assigned sub-zone of the frequency signal. The intensity value is characteristic of the sound intensity which is present in a frequency band. An intensity ratio is formed from two intensity values by dividing the first intensity value of the first frequency band by the second intensity value of the second frequency band, and is used to determine the state of a road.

Abstract: A device for detecting parking spaces for vehicles includes a distance-measuring beam-type sensor system disposed on a road vehicle, and a signal processing system. The distance-measuring beam-type sensor system directs a measuring beam into an area in front of the vehicle so as to detect free areas in the traffic space that are potential parking spaces. The signal processing unit examines, upon a detecting of a free area, the dimensions of the free area and the suitability of the free area for parking.

Abstract: Operates steering angular velocity in first steering angular velocity calculating unit and second steering angular velocity calculating unit, by using steering angle signal from steering angle generating unit, and outputs steering angular velocity by switching them with reference to a certain threshold value of steering angular velocity.

Abstract: A cruise control apparatus can control a host vehicle to run with a fixed separation from a preceding vehicle when such a preceding vehicle is detected based on received radar signals and to run at a preset fixed speed when no preceding vehicle is detected. The cruise control apparatus is configured to respond to one of a set of predetermined actions by the vehicle driver, which indicate an intention to change the vehicle speed, by making it easier or more difficult for a preceding vehicle to be detected, in accordance with whether the indicated intention may signify that an actual preceding vehicle is not being detected or may signify that a non-existent preceding vehicle is being detected and that the host vehicle speed has been reduced accordingly. Improved performance is thereby achieved by utilizing the cognitive abilities of the driver to augment the detection operation of the cruise control apparatus.

Abstract: A technique for combining a back-up aid function with a park assist function in a motor vehicle initially includes determining a distance from a motor vehicle to an object. Next, a velocity of the motor vehicle is determined. Then, a scaled version of the velocity and a minimum distance threshold are subtracted from the distance to provide a first multiplicand. Finally, a driver stimulus is provided as a function of the first multiplicand.

Abstract: A method for recognition, determination and localization of at least one arbitrary object or space and the picking up of said object, by at least on robot, in particular, a service robot, which operates independently on the base surface. The method is achieved, whereby the robot is oriented within at least one room by room co-ordinates and/or co-ordinates of arbitrary objects in the room, transmitted to the robot by at least one sensor element, in particular, a transponder or transmitter.

Abstract: There is therefore provided, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a robotic system for systematically moving about an area to be covered. The system includes at least one boundary marker (48) located along the outer edge of the area to be covered, a robot (40) with a navigation system (41) and a sensor unit (43). The navigation system (41) navigates the robot (40) in generally straight, parallel lines from an initial location and turns the robot (40) when the robot (40) encounters one of the boundary markers (48), thereby to systematically move about the area to be covered. The sensor unit (43) senses proximity to one of the at least one boundary marker (48).

Abstract: A steering control unit (3) employs the detected results of environmental conditions given by an environmental-condition detecting unit (5) and issues an operating command to a steering motor (M1) attached to a steering mechanism (1) as a steering actuator when, for example, an object approaching from behind at a speed exceeding a predetermined speed is detected and when the steering control unit (3) decides there is the possibility that the object may collide with one's own vehicle. Then the steering control unit (3) causes the steering motor (M1) to make the steering mechanism (1) perform forcible steering in order to avoid danger.

Abstract: A system for adjusting the position of a load supported on a conveyor cart includes a driven lift mechanism for controlling height and a turntable for controlling rotational orientation. The cart may, alternately or in addition to the above mechanisms, include a gimbal mechanism for rotational adjustment about multiple axes. A processor on the cart provides actuation and control of the mechanisms. An ID card reader on the cart senses ID tags for determining when the cart is adjacent particular locations. Data representing desired load position at the locations is stored either in a memory device or by the ID tag for relay to the processor on the cart via the ID tag reader. A system level controller provides a centralized storage location for desired load position data for communication to a plurality of conveyor carts through a communication link that includes radio frequency modems.

Abstract: A velocity information acquisition section 21 acquires velocity information on the velocity of a vehicle and records this acquired information in a velocity information recording section 27. A state judgment section 23 judges start and stop states of the vehicle based on state information indicating the start and stop states of the vehicle that was acquired at a state information acquisition section 22. After this judgment, a minimum output velocity computing section 24 accurately computes, based on the velocity information recorded in velocity information recording section 27, a minimum output velocity in a period in which a vehicle velocity detection circuit 10 cannot detect velocity information.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for identifying a preceding vehicle as a target vehicle in transient and non-transient situations. The method generally includes, estimating a position of the target vehicle relative to a position of an ACC vehicle from the position of the ACC vehicle to create a target vehicle estimated position; creating a time-dependent position trace of the target vehicle; estimating a radius of the position trace of the target vehicle by applying circular curve fitting to the position trace of the target vehicle; and determining whether the target vehicle is in an ACC vehicle lane using the radius of the position trace, the target vehicle estimated position and the position of the ACC vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle traveling control system includes a control mode for controlling a vehicle speed by applying braking force so as to maintain the vehicle speed at a predetermined driving force threshold vehicle speed or smaller than that while a predetermined driving force beyond a creeping torque has been applied. The applied driving force is reduced when a target braking force required for maintaining the vehicle speed at the predetermined upper threshold vehicle speed or smaller than that is equal to a first predetermined value or greater than that. The applied driving force is increased when the target braking force or the actual braking force becomes a second predetermined value or smaller than that during the applied driving force being reduced.

Abstract: A system for assisting a driver of a vehicle in precisely reaching a target destination while the vehicle is in reverse. The system comprises a control unit, an HD sensor, a rear wheel steering actuator, and a control positioned for operation by the driver. The HD sensor is in communication with the control unit and measures the relative position of a target location with respect to a location on the vehicle. The rear wheel steering actuator is in communication with the control unit and steers at least a rear wheel of the vehicle. The driver operated control is also in communication with the control unit. The control unit, upon receiving a signal from the control, enters an HD mode in which the control unit operates the rear wheel steering actuator to maneuver the vehicle to bring the target location and the location on the vehicle into alignment.

Abstract: A pathway-based method, apparatus and system for tracking, sensing and communicating with an object, such as a carriage or vehicle moving on a pathway. The system includes a transmitter winding along the pathway that is energized by a transmitter and one or more sensing windings in which a signal is induced. The vehicle contains a transducer that creates a position-indicating coupling of the transmitted signal into the sensing windings. The transducer may be a passive ferromagnetic or conductive body that locally alters coupling between the windings, or a tuned coil carried on the vehicle that couples energy received from the transmitter into a sensing winding. Absolute position may be established at regular intervals using a discrete position sensor, such as a Hall Effect magnetic field sensor, and, the signal derived from the sensing windings can be monitored, by counting cycles or determining phase, to determine a precise vehicle position.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to sense both discrete and continuous magnetic reference systems installed in the roadway, and provide information to support lateral and, to some extent, longitudinal and vertical vehicle control and/or driver assistance. The position of an object, such as a vehicle, relative to a magnetic reference infrastructure, such as that representing a dividing line on a roadway, is determined by sensing, with a sensor associated with the object, at least one axial field strength component of the magnetic field emitted from the magnetic reference, computing a ratio of the sensed axial field strength components, and then determining the positional offset of the object as a function of the ratio. The lateral offset is independent of the magnetic field strength due to the use of the ratio which cancels out the magnetic field strength. The invention is also capable of providing three-dimensional positioning relative to a magnetic reference.

Abstract: A system and method for initiating autoguidance on a mobile machine when turning the machine at the end of a path. When an operator moves a steering mechanism of a mobile machine away from a straight travel position, the autoguidance typically deactivates so that the operator can control the machine through the turn. When the operator attempts to activate autoguidance as the turn is completed, the position of the steering mechanism is monitored for a predetermined time interval. If the position of the steering mechanism falls within a predetermined position zone, autoguidance remains activated; otherwise, autoguidance is deactivated. In addition, during the predetermined time interval, the direction of motion of the steering mechanism is monitored; if the direction is, at any time, away from the predetermined position zone, autoguidance is deactivated.