Directly Heated Chamber Patents (Class 202/99)
  • Patent number: 11618854
    Abstract: A process for converting waste plastic into oil includes: subjecting the waste plastic to be in contact with a plurality of far-infrared ray heating rods in a reactor which contains an agitator configured to distribute the waste plastic; converting the waste plastic into a liquid form resultant decomposition by thermal decomposition and pyrolysis in the reactor; fractionating the resultant decomposition product to obtain gas, light oil, and crude diesel oil; obtaining a sludge from a bottom portion of the reactor and transferring the sludge to a blending tank; transferring the light oil to the blending tank; mixing the sludge and the light oil using a high-speed shearing machine to produce a sludge and light oil mixture; transferring the sludge and light oil mixture to a homogenizer; and blending the sludge and light oil mixture at the homogenizer to form a blended oil.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 1, 2021
    Date of Patent: April 4, 2023
    Inventor: Myung Duck Ma
  • Patent number: 11214738
    Abstract: A waste thermolysis installation includes a first, drying, enclosure able to vacuum dry the incoming waste and a second, calcining, enclosure, able to perform a vacuum calcination treatment on the dried waste coming from the first enclosure, each enclosure including an external-heating system including a combustion chamber and a vacuum pump which makes it possible to maintain the vacuum in the enclosure and is connected to the enclosure by an extraction pipe, the installation being characterized in that it includes a pipe circulating gas coming from the second enclosure to the second enclosure through the system for the external heating of the second enclosure. Thermolysis method implementing the installation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 3, 2018
    Date of Patent: January 4, 2022
    Assignee: ELYSE TECHNOLOGY
    Inventors: Philippe Dalles, Jean-Paul Gourdin
  • Patent number: 9598641
    Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the production of charcoal from wood chips or other particulate organic waste material. The quality of charcoal produced is suitable for use in applications such as chemical reagents, fuels, and as absorbents. The reaction vessel defines a flow path extending from the input to the vessel, through to the output from the vessel, in which the thermal decomposition of the organic material progresses as the organic material passes through the reaction vessel. The vessel includes a reaction zone for autogenous reaction of organic material in a reaction bed of the organic material, and a cooling zone having at least one inlet for supplying cooling gas into the reaction bed and an outlet to extract heated gas from the reaction bed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 19, 2012
    Date of Patent: March 21, 2017
    Assignee: COMMONWEALTH SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH ORGANISATION
    Inventor: Alexandre Vladimirovich Deev
  • Patent number: 9120977
    Abstract: A processor for vacuum distillation of whole tires including: an insulated housing having a door on one end, a central radiant heat tube and a plurality of peripheral heat tubes spaced about the central radiant heat tube and arranged with an inlet leg of each peripheral heat tube adjacent an outlet leg of another peripheral heat tube to maximize utilization of the radiant heat energy from the peripheral heat tubes. The central radiant heat tube has an unsupported end adjacent the door such that the tires loaded through door will pass over the central radiant heat tube and such that the central radiant heat tube is in a central opening of each tire.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 15, 2013
    Date of Patent: September 1, 2015
    Assignee: The Harvey Buhr and Betty Buhr Trust
    Inventor: Harvey G. Buhr
  • Patent number: 8961743
    Abstract: An improved rapid thermal conversion process for efficiently converting wood, other biomass materials, and other carbonaceous feedstock (including hydrocarbons) into high yields of valuable liquid product, e.g., bio-oil, on a large scale production, is disclosed. In the process, biomass material, e.g., wood, is fed to a conversion system where the biomass material is mixed with an upward stream of hot heat carriers, e.g., sand, that thermally convert the biomass into a hot vapor stream. The hot vapor stream is rapidly quenched with quench media in one or more condensing chambers located downstream of the conversion system. The rapid quenching condenses the vapor stream into liquid product, which is collected from the condensing chambers as a valuable liquid product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 4, 2011
    Date of Patent: February 24, 2015
    Assignee: Ensyn Renewables, Inc.
    Inventor: Barry Freel
  • Publication number: 20150047962
    Abstract: In a device for the catalytic depolymerisation of material containing hydrocarbon, containing at least one container which can be filled with the material, at least one conveyor device having a device for introducing heat into the interior of the conveyor device and having at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening spaced apart therefrom are provided in the container, wherein the inlet opening is or can be disposed in the lower region of the container and the outlet opening is or can be disposed in the upper region of the container for circulating and heating the material to the evaporation temperature.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 26, 2013
    Publication date: February 19, 2015
    Inventor: AXEL TRAUTMANN
  • Patent number: 8945349
    Abstract: An electrical heating coal material decomposition apparatus includes a closed kiln body with a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and an electrical heating device arranged in the kiln body. A propulsion and decomposition path of coal material is formed between the electrical heating device and the inner wall of the kiln body. A coal decomposition gas collecting pipe communicates with the propulsion and decomposition path of coal material, and is connected with a gas dust-trapping and liquefying device arranged outside the kiln. The electrical heating device transfers heat to the pulverized coal inside the propulsion and decomposition path of coal material by conduction and irradiation. The pulverized coal absorbs sufficient heat and decomposes into fuel gas, tar gas and coal. The fuel gas and tar gas enters the gas dust-trapping and liquefying mechanism through the decomposed gas collecting tube, where they are collected, dust-trapped, separated and liquefied under pressure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 15, 2010
    Date of Patent: February 3, 2015
    Assignee: Xixia Dragon Into Special Material Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Shucheng Zhu, Xibin Wang, Xiangyun Huang, Guochao Cao, Wei Liu
  • Patent number: 8945348
    Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing charcoal. It is characterized in that: first hot gases are generated by at least one heating means; its first gases are mixed with second gases in order to form a gas mixture; this mixture is sent into a charge of wood in order to generate therein a pyrolysis front; an overpressure is created between the upstream end and the downstream end of the charge so as to force this front to pass through it in one direction, namely from the upstream end to the downstream end; and third gases are recovered downstream of the charge, at least a first portion of said third gases, in the form of a stream of said second gases, is conveyed by a conveying means. The invention also relates to a device for implementing this method.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 12, 2009
    Date of Patent: February 3, 2015
    Assignee: Carbonex Societe A Responsabilite Limitee
    Inventors: Arnaud Loiseau, Philippe Soler-My, Pierre Soler-My
  • Patent number: 8920608
    Abstract: A method of treating sludge using solar energy is provided. The present invention utilizes a Fresnel panel frame that includes at least one Fresnel panel. The Fresnel panel may cover at least a portion of a bed cavity. An amount of waste may be placed within the bed cavity. When placed in sunlight, the heat enhanced by the Fresnel panels may heat the waste sufficiently for safe easy disposal, recycling, or for the creation of fertilizer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 23, 2013
    Date of Patent: December 30, 2014
    Inventor: Gary Hammond
  • Patent number: 8900415
    Abstract: A process and a unit for fluidized bed torrefaction and grinding of particles of a biomass with a largest dimension of 2 cm to 5 cm, and which unit contains an envelope having a general shape of a sector having a) two substantially vertical walls delimiting that sector; and b) at least one inclined wall defining three zones, from bottom to top: a lower zone provided with a fluidization means, and provided with a grinder placed at the bottom of that zone; an intermediate zone (2) provided with a fluidization means; and an upper zone (3) provided with a fluidization means; and a pipe (11) for introducing the particles reaching into the unit to the level of the intermediate zone.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 17, 2008
    Date of Patent: December 2, 2014
    Assignee: IFP Energies Nouvelles
    Inventors: Matthieu Rolland, Sylvain Louret
  • Publication number: 20140305784
    Abstract: A gasifier including a vertically disposed furnace body, a feeder disposed in a middle part of the furnace body and communicating with the furnace body, one or two layers of microwave plasma generators, an external heater configured to supply external thermal energy for the gasifier, and a monitoring unit. The furnace body includes an upper nozzle for spraying vapor, a lower nozzle for spraying CO2/vapor, a syngas outlet disposed at a top of the furnace body. The upper nozzle for spraying vapor is disposed in a clearance zone of the furnace body, and the lower nozzle for spraying CO2/vapor is disposed in a bed zone of the furnace body. The monitoring unit is disposed close to the syngas outlet. The one or two layers of microwave plasma generators are disposed above the upper nozzle in the clearance zone of the gasifier.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 25, 2014
    Publication date: October 16, 2014
    Inventors: Yilong CHEN, Yanfeng ZHANG, Minggui XIA, Liang ZHANG
  • Publication number: 20140284197
    Abstract: M&C PB 143543WO 22 31524653-1-abhimani ABSTRACT An apparatus and method for processing organic materials is provided comprising an elongate process tube (22) having an inlet for receiving the material and an outlet for processed material. A gas conveying system fluidically conveys the material through the processing tube, The gas conveying system comprises a supply of conveying gas which is a hot pressurised inert gas, connected to the processing tube (22) at its inlet end. A control system is configured to control the supply of the pressurised inert gas to the processing tube (22) so as to convey a batch of material through the tube (22) whilst simultaneously heating said it to cause the organic matter therein to gasify to produce process. The processing tube (22) has a plurality of sections, each separated by a closure (44), and the gas conveying means conveys the material from one section to the next.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 12, 2012
    Publication date: September 25, 2014
    Applicant: Chinook End-Stage Recycling Limited
    Inventors: Rifat Al Chalabi, Ophneil Henry Perry, John Turner
  • Publication number: 20140202845
    Abstract: A reaction apparatus for the gasification of wet biomass comprises a feeding system for feeding wet biomass at a pressure of at least 22.1 MPa (absolute), a reactor comprising a reaction tube and a heating device, and a recovery system. The reaction tube is configured to comprise a bed of solid particles suspended in a fluid, and to receive wet biomass from the feeding system at a temperature below the critical temperature of water. The bed of solid particles suspended in a fluid is a bubbling fluidised bed having a length of at least 0.5 m and a cross sectional area of at most 20 dm2. The heating device is configured to heat the feed in the presence of the bed of suspended solid particles to a temperature above the critical temperature of water by heat exchange with a heating fluid, forming supercritical water and fluid gasification product.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 20, 2012
    Publication date: July 24, 2014
    Applicant: GENSOS HOLDING B.V.
    Inventors: John Harinck, Klaas Gerrit Smit
  • Publication number: 20140183023
    Abstract: The present technology is generally directed to systems and methods for controlling air distribution in a coke oven. In a particular embodiment, a coke oven air distribution system comprises an oven chamber having an oven floor configured to support a coal bed, a plurality of sidewalls extending upward from the oven floor, and an oven crown covering a top portion of the oven chamber. The air distribution system further includes an air inlet positioned above the oven floor and a distributor proximate to the inlet. The inlet is configured to introduce air into the oven chamber and the distributor is configured to at least one of preheat, redirect, or spread air within the oven chamber.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 28, 2012
    Publication date: July 3, 2014
    Applicant: SUNCOKE TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT LLC.
    Inventors: John Francis Quanci, Mark Anthony Ball, Chun Wai Choi, Rajat Kapoor
  • Patent number: 8715582
    Abstract: An apparatus for providing activated carbon that has a reactor vessel for containing carbon based feedstock and a processor that encloses the reactor vessel. An insulating barrier is disposed between the reactor vessel and the processor for defining generally vertical outer and inner pathways that are communicably interconnected. The reactor vessel has a gas receiving intake port in communication with the inner pathway. First and second inlet conduits are formed through the processor and into the reactor for respectively introducing a first ignition gas into the reactor to ignite the feedstock and a second gas into the first pathway. The second gas circulates through the outer and inner pathways and enters the reactor vessel through the gas receiving intake port. The exhaust gas is circulated through a catalyst chamber/cartridge/bed. At least one exhaust port discharges gas from the vessel exteriorly of the processor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 15, 2010
    Date of Patent: May 6, 2014
    Inventors: Earl R. Decker, Walter David Hemenway, Douglas MacPherson, Carl B. Melanson
  • Publication number: 20140069798
    Abstract: Provided herein is a method, device and installation for devolatizing a solid feedstock, comprising carbon-based waste selected from the group consisting of hazardous material, biomass, animal manure, tires, municipal solid waste and refuse derived fuel. The method comprises treating the solid feedstock to a produce a particle size laying between about 1 cm3 and about 100 cm3. The solid feedstock is passed into a jacketed system. The solid feedstock is contacted with a heated gas, comprising hydrogen, inside the jacketed system at a temperature of about 500° C. to about 1000° C. for a time of about 60 seconds to about 120 seconds, whereby the solid feedstock is converted into a gas stream and a solid stream.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 10, 2013
    Publication date: March 13, 2014
    Applicant: D4 ENERGY GROUP
    Inventors: David Earle Hayward, Marvin Ronnie Baker
  • Publication number: 20140058162
    Abstract: A reactor comprising a thermal barrier surrounding a combustion zone. The reactor further comprises a cooling jacket inner wall and a binder disposed between the cooling jacket inner wall and the thermal barrier, and a cooling jacket outer wall, wherein the cooling jacket inner wall and the cooling jacket outer wall define a cooling channel. The reactor further comprises an outer reactor wall disposed over the cooling jacket outer wall, wherein the outer reactor wall is impermeable and is configured to contain high pressure gas within the reactor.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 22, 2013
    Publication date: February 27, 2014
    Inventors: Antoine Negiz, Robert B. James, Carl J. Stevens, Donald L. Mittendorf
  • Publication number: 20130341175
    Abstract: A improved solar biochar reactor, system including the reactor, and methods of forming and using the reactors and systems are disclosed. The methods and system as described herein provide sufficient solar energy to a biochar reactor to convert animal waste or other biomass to biochar in a relatively cost-effective manner.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 15, 2013
    Publication date: December 26, 2013
    Applicant: The Regents of the University of Colorado, a body corporate
    Inventors: Karl G. Linden, Alan W. Weimer, R. Scott Summers, Allan Lewandowski
  • Patent number: 8585868
    Abstract: A device for pyrolysing biomass comprises: a reactor space; a first feed for biomass material connecting to the upper zone thereof; a second feed for heated heat carrier material connecting to the upper side of the reactor space; a first discharge for pyrolysis gas connecting to the upper zone of the reactor space at a distance from the first feed; and a second discharge for solid material, for instance carbon and heat carrier material, connecting to the underside of the reactor space. A substantial separation between the discharge flows of pyrolysis gas and solid material takes place predominantly under the influence of gravitational force, without interposing of a cyclone. The reactor space is modeled such that the direct flow from the first feed and the second feed to the first discharge is blocked. A mechanical mixer is present in the reactor space for the purpose of mixing the flow of biomass material with the flow of preheated heat carrier material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 19, 2008
    Date of Patent: November 19, 2013
    Assignee: BTG BioLiquids B.V.
    Inventors: Robertus Hendrikus Venderbosch, Lambertus Van De Beld, Daan Assink, Elwin Gansekoele
  • Publication number: 20130292240
    Abstract: A biomass pyrolysis furnace comprises a furnace shell (23), a furnace container (6), an exhaust pipe (3), a smoke pipe (18), a recovery tower (11), and an intake pipe (7), wherein the smoke pipe (18) is installed on the furnace shell (23); the furnace container (6) is installed in the furnace shell (23); the bottom of the furnace container (6) and the periphery thereof are provided with a plurality of mesh holes; an exhaust gap (24) is provided between the furnace container (6) and the inner wall of the furnace shell (23); the smoke pipe (18) is connected to the furnace shell (23) at one end thereof, and to the recovery tower (11) at the other end thereof. The furnace shell (23) is provided, on one side at the upper end, with a flue hole and an intake pipe (7), and the exhaust pipe (3) is provided on the opposite side of the furnace shell (23).
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 23, 2011
    Publication date: November 7, 2013
    Inventor: Guoxiong Xiao
  • Patent number: 8549769
    Abstract: A method for torrefaction of water containing cellulosic materials is performed in an inert atmosphere. The cellulosic material is cascaded through the apparatus between a plurality of rotatable trays vertically stacked within multiple processing zones. Steam being generated from heating of the cellulosic material is recycled back to the apparatus to provide an inert atmosphere. The steam may be superheated in a heat exchanger. Exhaust from the torrefaction zone of the apparatus has some moisture and other volatiles removed prior to being reheated in a burner. The heated exhaust is used in the heat exchanger to superheat the recycled steam.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 27, 2012
    Date of Patent: October 8, 2013
    Assignee: Wyssmont Company Inc.
    Inventors: Edward Weisselberg, Joseph Bevacqua, Robert Borre
  • Publication number: 20130240343
    Abstract: A char making apparatus comprises a longitudinal pyrolyzer furnace housing wherein coal-bearing material may be heated to a temperature to fluidize volatile materials therein and plasticize coal in the coal-bearing material. At least two rotatable drive screws are laterally positioned and interleaved within the longitudinal furnace housing and capable of conveying coal-bearing materials through the pyrolyzer furnace housing, each drive screw having a hollow drive shaft and a diverter positioned within the drive shaft to provide heating to the coal-bearing material. A heating jacket about the longitudinal furnace housing provides additional heating to the coal-bearing material. Multiple combustion chambers adjacent the heating jacket and hollow drive shaft burn fluidized volatile materials and exhaust combustion fluids through the jacket and shaft.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 10, 2012
    Publication date: September 19, 2013
    Applicant: NUCOR CORPORATION
    Inventor: Richard A. WOLFE
  • Publication number: 20130199919
    Abstract: A pyrolysis plant 20 comprises a grinding pyrolyser 22, being a machine or apparatus in which both particle size reduction and pyrolysis occur simultaneously. Plant 20 also comprises a bin (hopper) 30 for holding wet particulate biomass feedstock. Chute 32 leads from the bin 30 to a biomass dryer 34 which reduces moisture content of the feedstock as low as possible, e.g., to below about 10. Dried feedstock is conveyed from dryer 34 via line 36 to a dried biomass feedstock hopper 38. Dried feedstock is fed from hopper 38 into a chute 40 which leads to an inlet trunnion 42 of grinding pyrolyser 22. A discharge trunnion 44 of grinding pyrolyser 22 leads to a char holder 60 for collecting char particles and a condensation train 62 for condensing vapour generated by the pyrolysis to produce oil.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 21, 2011
    Publication date: August 8, 2013
    Applicant: CURTIN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
    Inventors: Chun-Zhu Li, Xiaoshan Wang, Hongwei Wu
  • Publication number: 20130199918
    Abstract: Embodiments of systems, devices, and methods for treating, remediating, or abating carbon-containing wastes generate at least one of clean water; non-toxic, non-hazardous ash; or power. Some embodiments are modular, permitting rapid deployment, flexible configuration, and easy transportation. Embodiments of the systems treat carbon-containing aqueous waste, carbon-containing waste, or a combination thereof. The systems, devices, and methods are particularly suited to treating hydrocarbon-containing waste generated in oil and natural gas drilling and hydrofracturing.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 6, 2013
    Publication date: August 8, 2013
    Inventors: Coyte R. Jones, Robert C. Jones
  • Patent number: 8500959
    Abstract: A pyrolysis apparatus comprises a substantially closed pyrolyzer (4), a supply inlet for supplying pyrolyzable fuel to the pyrolyzer (4), an outlet for taking hot bed material in particle form out of the pyrolyzer, one or more exit outlets (6) for taking condensible gaseous substances separated from the fuel to be pyrolyzed out of the pyrolyzer, a condenser (8) for condensing the condensible gaseous substances into pyrolysis oil, and a line (7) for transferring the condensible gaseous substances from the exit outlet of the pyrolyzer (4) to the condenser (8). The means for maintaining pyrolysis conditions in the pyrolyzer (4) comprise an inlet for taking hot bed material in particle form into the pyrolyzer and means (5) for supplying fluidizing gas to the pyrolyzer. The pyrolyzer (4) is a chamber bounded directly by a furnace (1) of a bubbling fluidized bed boiler, through which chamber fluidized bed material is arranged to be circulated between the inlet and the outlet.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 2009
    Date of Patent: August 6, 2013
    Assignee: Metso Power Oy
    Inventor: Jani Lehto
  • Publication number: 20130192972
    Abstract: Method and equipment for producing coke (PC) during indirectly heated gasification, in which coal particles are supplied to a gasification reactor (1) and process gas (P) supplied during the gasification is reduced in it to synthesis gas (S), whereby the synthesis gas (S) is removed from the gasification reactor (1). The method is distinguished in that at the same time a gasification takes place, a coking of coal takes place in an inner reactor (4) arranged inside the gasification reactor (1), that the inner reactor (4) is indirectly heated, that coke (PC) and combustible gases are produced in the inner reactor (4) during the coking, and that the combustible gases are used for the indirect heating in the gasification in the gasification reactor (1).
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 10, 2011
    Publication date: August 1, 2013
    Inventor: Rolf Ljunggren
  • Publication number: 20130153395
    Abstract: A pyrolysis and gasification system produce a synthesis gas and bio-char from a biomass feedstock. The system includes a feed hopper that has a flow measurement device. The system also includes a reactor that is operable in a gasification mode or a pyrolysis mode. The reactor is configured to receive the biomass feedstock from the feed hopper. The reactor is operable to provide heat to the biomass feedstock from the feed hopper to produce the synthesis gas and bio-char. The system also includes a cyclone assembly. The produced synthesis gas including the bio-char is fed to the cyclone assembly. The cyclone assembly removes a portion of the bio-char from the synthesis gas.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 7, 2011
    Publication date: June 20, 2013
    Applicant: THE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM
    Inventors: David B. Carney, Sergio C. Capareda, Calvin B. Parnell, JR.
  • Publication number: 20130134031
    Abstract: An electrical heating coal material decomposition apparatus includes a closed kiln body with a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and an electrical heating device arranged in the kiln body. A propulsion and decomposition path of coal material is formed between the electrical heating device and the inner wall of the kiln body. A coal decomposition gas collecting pipe communicates with the propulsion and decomposition path of coal material, and is connected with a gas dust-trapping and liquefying device arranged outside the kiln. The electrical heating device transfers heat to the pulverized coal inside the propulsion and decomposition path of coal material by conduction and irradiation. The pulverized coal absorbs sufficient heat and decomposes into fuel gas, tar gas and coal. The fuel gas and tar gas enters the gas dust-trapping and liquefying mechanism through the decomposed gas collecting tube, where they are collected, dust-trapped, separated and liquefied under pressure.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 15, 2010
    Publication date: May 30, 2013
    Applicant: XIXIA DRAGON INTO SPECIAL MATERIAL CO., LTD.
    Inventors: Shucheng Zhu, Xibin Wang, Xiangyun Huang, Guochao Cao, Wei Liu
  • Publication number: 20130105295
    Abstract: A pressurized torrefaction reactor vessel including: a rotatable shaft extending vertically down from a top of the vessel; scraper devices each at a different elevation within the vessel and mounted to the shaft; a tray associated with each one of the scraper devices such that the scraper device is immediately above a tray of the tray assembly; wherein the tray is an open mesh and impermeable to passage of biomass through the tray; each tray includes a discharge opening to transfer biomass from the tray and down to a tray of a lower one of the tray assemblies, and wherein the discharge opening in the lowermost tray assembly transfers the biomass to a pile of the biomass in the vessel, and a bottom discharge port of the vessel through which the torrefied biomass is discharged.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 28, 2012
    Publication date: May 2, 2013
    Applicant: ANDRITZ INC.
    Inventors: Andrew EYER, Bertil STROMBERG, Joseph Monroe RAWLS, Brian F. GREENWOOD, John WESTON, Michael SESTRICH, Nachiketa NANDY, John BOLLES, Jay MIELE
  • Publication number: 20130062184
    Abstract: Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material are provided herein. The method comprises the step of contacting a carbonaceous feedstock with heated inorganic heat carrier particles at reaction conditions effective to rapidly pyrolyze the carbonaceous feedstock to form a product stream comprising pygas, pyrolysis oil, and solids. The solids comprise char and cooled inorganic heat carrier particles. The reaction conditions include a reactor pressure of about 70 kPa gauge or greater.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 13, 2011
    Publication date: March 14, 2013
    Applicant: UOP LLC
    Inventors: Sathit Kulprathipanja, Paolo Palmas
  • Publication number: 20130020189
    Abstract: A method for liquefaction of coal or other solid carbonaceous material includes passing the material through a reformer having a temperature gradient therein, the temperature gradient generally increasing as the material flows down through the reformer. The more valuable volatile components of the material exit the material at their respective vaporization temperatures, and pass out of the reformer for processing in condensers. Some of each fraction of the volatile material flow is re-heated and recycled through the reformer to supply heat to maintain the temperature gradient, the recycling injection occurring at a level below that where the fraction exited the reformer so that the recycled fraction will again pass out of the reformer to be condensed. At the bottom of the reformer, the non-volatile portion of the carbonaceous material is removed from the reformer for further processing or sale.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 8, 2011
    Publication date: January 24, 2013
    Inventor: Joseph A. Witherspoon
  • Publication number: 20130015050
    Abstract: An improved corbel includes a first tier having first blocks and a second tier having second blocks. Each of the first blocks includes a first aperture extending through the block from a first surface to a back surface and a second aperture formed through a top surface of the block, extending into the first aperture. The first blocks are arranged on a substantially planar surface to align the respective first apertures to define a first passageway. Each of the second blocks includes a third aperture extending through the second block from a top surface to a bottom surface. The second blocks are disposed above the first tier to align the third aperture of each of the second blocks with the second aperture of the first blocks to form a second passageway.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 18, 2012
    Publication date: January 17, 2013
    Applicant: VANOCUR REFRACTORIES, LLC
    Inventors: Robert A. Bloom, Paul A. Saffrin
  • Publication number: 20120312678
    Abstract: A method for coking coals having high driving pressure properties in a “non-recovery” or “heat-recovery” coking oven, wherein a coking oven battery which is composed of coking oven chambers arranged side by side is used for cyclic coking of coal, and wherein an amount of coal preheated to a high temperature is admitted into the coking chamber that is to be filled at such a level that the driving pressure resulting from the coking can escape over the coke cake into the gas chamber, in such a manner that the coking oven chamber wall surrounding the coking oven chamber is relieved by the driving pressure resulting from the coking. Also disclosed is a device with which this method can be carried out.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 4, 2011
    Publication date: December 13, 2012
    Applicant: THYSSENKRUPP UHDE GMBH
    Inventors: Ronald Kim, Franz-Josef Schuecker
  • Publication number: 20120305380
    Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method for carbonification of crop straws and a device thereof. Pyrolysis process is controlled by regulating the feeding of oxygen during said pyrolysis process, and pyrolysis and carbonification are respectively conducted in separate pyrolysis and carbonification pools, wherein the straws are pyrolyzed in said pyrolysis pool and entered into said carbonification pool to be carbonified. The present invention can quickly raise the temperature of the pyrolysis process, shorten the time of the pyrolysis process, and improve the pyrolysis carbonification efficiency.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 21, 2011
    Publication date: December 6, 2012
    Applicant: SHANXI SUPPLY AND MARKETING COOPERATIVE
    Inventors: Xiaoguang Wang, Jingyong Jing, Shuqin Zhang
  • Patent number: 8323589
    Abstract: A pyrolysis process is provided. The process includes the steps of: depositing a quantity of waste into a porous container, the porous container adapted to allow a convective stream of substantially anaerobic gas to flow therethrough; inserting the porous container into a pyrolysis thermal processor; sealing the thermal processor; circulating the convective stream of gas through the pyrolysis thermal processor; heating the waste according to a first time-temperature profile to pyrolyze the waste and form a carbonaceous char; and cooling the carbonaceous char by circulating the convective stream of gas through a cooler. An oil product and a gaseous hydrocarbon product are produced during the pyrolysis. The carbonaceous char is further processed to form a carbon black product and a recyclable metal product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 28, 2011
    Date of Patent: December 4, 2012
    Assignee: Tellus Technology, Inc.
    Inventors: Kenneth Wesley Hamby, James Brian Kelly, Timothy Joseph Kuhn
  • Patent number: 8312821
    Abstract: Disclosed is a system for recycling waste tires, which are industrial wastes, so as to protect our environment against pollution and promote recycling of industrial material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 2, 2006
    Date of Patent: November 20, 2012
    Assignee: Advanced Controls & Engineerings, Corp.
    Inventor: Yeong Min Jeon
  • Patent number: 8308912
    Abstract: A method for pyrogasification of organic wastes that employs a vertical furnace filled with metal masses in the shape of metal toroids (2) previously raised to a high temperature (500 to 1100° C.) and organic materials to be pyrolyzed. It also employs a furnace for heating toroids transported by an Archimedes screw driven by a gear motor, as well as a separator for recovering the mineral residues, whereby separation between the toroids and residues is effected with the aid of a screen and an Archimedes screw driven by a gear motor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 25, 2010
    Date of Patent: November 13, 2012
    Inventors: Francois Hustache, Alain Chantelat
  • Publication number: 20120261246
    Abstract: The invention provides for torrefaction apparatus which includes a drum (14) having a biomass inlet (18) and a torrefied material outlet (20), furnace means (16) external of the drum (14) for heating the drum (14) so that torrefaction temperature is achieved in the drum, and a gas inlet conduit (42) leading to the drum (14) from a source of inert gas, thereby to create an torrefaction atmosphere in the drum (14).
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 2, 2010
    Publication date: October 18, 2012
    Inventor: Gershon Ben-Tovim
  • Publication number: 20120261245
    Abstract: A system and method are described for torrefaction of particulate biomass. The system comprises a reactor having mass flow characteristics, containing particulate biomass, and further is equipped with a heated gas input; a gas discharge output; a particulate solids inlet; and a particulate solids discharge.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 18, 2012
    Publication date: October 18, 2012
    Inventor: William C. Breneman
  • Patent number: 8287697
    Abstract: A pyrolysis apparatus comprises a furnace (1) operating by fluidized bed combustion, a pyrolyzer (4) and flow paths, which connect the furnace (1) and the pyrolyzer (4) for arranging the circulation (C) of carrier material of the fluidized bed combustion between the furnace and the pyrolyzer .The apparatus also comprises a supply inlet (14) for supplying fuel to be pyrolyzed to the pyrolyzer (4), fluidizing gas supply means (5) arranged in the pyrolyzer for fluidizing the mixture of carrier material and fuel, and an outlet (6) for taking condensible gaseous substances separated from the fuel to be pyrolyzed out of the pyrolyzer (4), and a condenser for condensing the condensible gaseous substances.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 2009
    Date of Patent: October 16, 2012
    Assignee: Metso Power Oy
    Inventors: Timo Honkola, Pasi Salonen, Jani Lehto
  • Publication number: 20120241306
    Abstract: A coal reforming system of the present invention includes a drying furnace for drying low-grade coal, a carbonizing furnace for carbonizing the dried low-grade coal, hot air generating furnaces for supplying hot air to the drying furnace or the carbonizing furnace, and a carbonizing gas circulation line for supplying a carbonizing gas, which is generated in the carbonizing furnace, as a fuel for the hot air generating furnaces while the temperature thereof is maintained.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 27, 2012
    Publication date: September 27, 2012
    Applicant: MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
    Inventors: Fumiaki Sato, Setsuo Omoto, Makoto Susaki
  • Publication number: 20120241305
    Abstract: A pyrolyzer apparatus (i.e. a “cracking pipe”) comprises a first screen, a second screen, and a catalyst material positioned between the first and second screens. The pyrolyzer is structured so that feedstock is pyrolyzed and pyrolyzer-generated gas is drawn through the first screen, through the catalyst material, and then through the second screen in series. The gas may then be directed to other processing equipment so that bio-oil is extracted from the gas.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 25, 2011
    Publication date: September 27, 2012
    Inventors: Neil M. Goldberg, Michael F. Dallmer, Akwasi A. Boateng, Charles A. Mullen, David J. Mihalcik
  • Patent number: 8266812
    Abstract: An apparatus for torrefaction of water containing cellulosic materials is performed in an inert atmosphere. The cellulosic material is cascaded through the apparatus between a plurality of rotatable trays vertically stacked within multiple processing zones. Steam being generated from heating of the cellulosic material is recycled back to the apparatus to provide an inert atmosphere. The steam may be superheated in a heat exchanger. Exhaust from the torrefaction zone of the apparatus has some moisture and other volatiles removed prior to being reheated in a burner. The heated exhaust is used in the heat exchanger to superheat the recycled steam.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 6, 2011
    Date of Patent: September 18, 2012
    Assignee: Wyssmont Company Inc.
    Inventors: Edward Weisselberg, Joseph Bevacqua, Robert Borre
  • Publication number: 20120217149
    Abstract: Far infrared ray heating technology is used to breakdown waste plastic and resultant heavy oils into usable products. Waste plastics may thus be processed into petroleum products and used to generate energy.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 16, 2010
    Publication date: August 30, 2012
    Applicant: ENVION, INC.
    Inventor: Myung Duck Ma
  • Publication number: 20120205229
    Abstract: A biomass fractionator and method are described for inputting ground biomass and outputting several vapor streams of bio-intermediate compounds along with syngas and biochar. In one embodiment, a method for biomass fractioning, comprises dispensing biomass into thin sheets of ground biomass; subjecting the thin sheets to ramps of temperature; and selectively collecting various groups of compounds as they are released from the thin sheets.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 10, 2012
    Publication date: August 16, 2012
    Applicant: Cool Planet Biofuels, Inc.
    Inventor: Michael C. Cheiky
  • Publication number: 20120186967
    Abstract: A process for the treatment of waste, the process comprising either a gasification step or a pyrolysis step to produce an offgas and a non-airborne, solid char material; followed by a plasma treatment step. An associated apparatus having a plasma treatment unit which is separate from the gasification unit or pyrolysis unit.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 1, 2012
    Publication date: July 26, 2012
    Applicant: TETRONICS LIMITED
    Inventors: Chris Chapman, David Ovens, David Deegan, Saeed Ismail
  • Publication number: 20120124960
    Abstract: A process for the treatment of waste, the process comprising either a gasification step or a pyrolysis step to produce an offgas and a non-airborne, solid char material; followed by a a plasma treatment step. An associated apparatus having a plasma treatment unit which is separate from the gasification unit or pyrolysis unit.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 1, 2012
    Publication date: May 24, 2012
    Applicant: Tetronics Limited
    Inventors: Chris Chapman, David Ovens, David Deegan, Saeed Ismail
  • Publication number: 20120125757
    Abstract: The present invention provides a pyrolysis system comprising an entrained flow pyrolyser having an opening through which biomass can be added. The pyrolyser also has an inlet for hot exhaust gas, an outlet for pyrolysed biomass and an outlet for syngas. The system has a burner for producing hot exhaust gas and a conduit between the burner and the hot exhaust gas inlet. A syngas extraction means for extracting syngas from the pyrolyser. The syngas extraction means extracts syngas from the pyrolyser at a rate such that the internal pressure within the pyrolyser never exceeds the pressure external to the pyrolyser.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 13, 2010
    Publication date: May 24, 2012
    Applicant: PROCESS LIMITED
    Inventor: Robert D. Eden
  • Publication number: 20120006668
    Abstract: Improvement in carbonization in a carbonization furnace and simultaneous reduction in NOx emissions is achieved by recirculation of waste gas from a coking oven back to the oven chamber, the downcomers, or the sole channel system.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 1, 2010
    Publication date: January 12, 2012
    Applicant: UHDE GMBH
    Inventors: Ronald Kim, Rainer Worberg
  • Publication number: 20110315539
    Abstract: A solar-powered device for converting sludge into one or more products is disclosed. The device includes a pyrolysis reactor selectively operable by solar energy, for carrying our thermal decomposition, into one or more products, of sludge introduced into the reactor via a dedicated sludge inlet. The reactor includes at least one outlet for discharging from the reactor one or more products obtained from the sludge decomposition. The device also includes a sensor for sensing sunlight radiation and providing an output data indicative of the amount of solar energy corresponding to the sensed sunlight, and a control unit for receiving the output data and operating or shutting down the pyrolysis reactor based on the amount of solar energy generated from the sunlight.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 10, 2010
    Publication date: December 29, 2011
    Inventors: Boaz Zadik, Faig Israel