Abstract: An electronic device includes a transducer including a sensing area and a covering structure that covers the transducer. The covering structure includes a shelter portion and defines at least one aperture. The shelter portion covers the sensing area. The aperture includes a first curved surface and a second curved surface farther away from the sensing area than the first curved surface, and a first center of a first curvature of the first curved surface is at a different location than a second center of a second curvature of the second curved surface.

Abstract: A sensor device for detecting and/or measuring gases includes two electrodes. A thin-layered proton-conductive material is fitted between the two electrodes. The gas can be detected and/or measured by a proton gradient that arises due to different gas concentrations.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a first chamber containing a plurality of evenly spaced rods having voltages applied thereto to cause gas ions in the first chamber to move in a direction from a first end of the first chamber to a second end of the first chamber and a second chamber coupled to the second end of the first chamber and having at least one ion detector, where ions pass from the first chamber to the second chamber through a plurality of channels between the first chamber and the second chamber and are detected by the at least one ion detector. The voltages applied to the rods may include a first voltage applied to a first subset of the rods and a second voltage applied to a second subset of the rods, each of first and second voltages containing a DC component and an AC component.

Abstract: Photoelectrochemical materials and photoelectrodes comprising the materials are provided. The photoelectrochemical materials comprise a porous, high-surface-area BiVO4 that is composed of particles smaller than the hole diffusion length of BiVO4.

Abstract: A sensor element for detecting a physical property of a gas includes: a solid electrolyte film; a first end area and a second end area situated diametrically opposite in the longitudinal direction; a functional element in the first end area in the interior which is electrically conductively connected to a contact surface situated in the second end area on the outer surface, the electrically conductive connection having a strip conductor running essentially in the longitudinal direction in the interior of the sensor element; and a reference gas channel running essentially in the longitudinal direction of the sensor element communicating with a reference gas outside of the sensor element via a reference gas opening, the strip conductor and the reference gas channel being situated in such a way that at least a partial overlap occurs between them.

Abstract: A gas analysis device includes a probe tube, a flange, an optical system member, and heaters. The probe tube includes an optical path through which measurement light is projected onto a prescribed measurement region of a sample gas flowing through a flue and/or is received from the measurement region. The flange is fixed to the outer periphery of the probe tube and is attached to a pipe side wall. The optical system member projects measurement light onto the sample gas S within the measurement region and/or receives measurement light from the measurement region. The heaters are disposed within the flange and heats the portion where the probe tube and flange are fixed to each other.

Abstract: A sensor including first and second electrodes can be used to determine the concentration of at least one chemical constituent in a fluid sample under test. The electrodes can be disposed in the fluid sample and a predetermined voltage can be applied to a first electrode. The voltage can cause a current to flow between the first and second electrodes through the sample, the current dependent on the concentration of the chemical constituent in the fluid sample. A sense resistor is coupled to the first electrode such that the current flowing between the electrodes flows through the sense resistor. A processor electrically isolated from the electrodes can receive data signals indicative of the voltage drop across the sense resistor and the voltage applied at the first electrode. The received signals can be used to determine the concentration of the constituent in the fluid sample.

Abstract: In a gas sensor, not only a tube 70 covers lead wires 48, but also the tube 70 covers an outer peripheral surface of an end portion of an outer cylinder 46 including an open end 46a. A portion of the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 46 covered with the tube 70 is gripped by a clamp 80. Thus, the clamp 80 integrally grips the tube 70 and the outer cylinder 46. Moreover, the tube 70 protrudes from the clamp 80 to a side of the outer cylinder 46 opposite from the open end 46a (protrusion amount L>0). Further, the open end 46a of the outer cylinder 46 forms a large-diameter portion whose outer diameter is larger than an inner diameter D1 of the clamp 80.

Abstract: An NO2 sensor comprises a sensing electrode material that includes a compound consisting essentially of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, and Fe; an element selected from the group consisting of Si and Ti; and oxygen. In an alternate embodiment, the sensing electrode material includes a compound consisting essentially of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, and Fe; an element selected from the group consisting of Si and Ti; an element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Al, Li, Na, and K; and oxygen. Sensors made with these sensing electrode materials demonstrate good NO2 sensitivity and reduced sensitivity to cross-interference from NO and NH3.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a metallic shell extending along a shell axis and defining a shell attaching surface that is substantially perpendicular to the shell axis; a metallic shield extending along a shield axis and defining a shield attaching surface that is substantially perpendicular to the shield axis; and a ceramic sensing element extending along a sensing element axis, the sensing element being rigidly fixed at a first axial location of the sensing element to the shell and the sensing element being laterally supported by the shield at a second axial location of the sensing element that is axially spaced apart from the first axial location. The shield is attached to the shell at an interface formed between the shield attaching surface and the shell attaching surface, thereby accommodating misalignment between the shield axis and the shell axis. A method of making the gas sensor is also provided.

Abstract: An O2 sensor has a sensor element, which includes a solid electrolyte layer and a pair of electrodes. The solid electrolyte layer is held between the electrodes. The electrodes include an atmosphere side electrode, which becomes a positive side at a time of outputting an electromotive force from the sensor element, and an exhaust side electrode, which becomes a negative side at the time of outputting the electromotive force from the sensor element. A resistor is provided in an electric path that connects between the atmosphere side electrode and a ground. When the sensor element generates the electromotive force, the resistor conducts an electric current, which is generated while using the electromotive force as an electric power source, to induce a change in an output characteristic of the O2 sensor.

Abstract: A fuel cell system that generates electric power by supplying anode gas and cathode gas to a fuel cell includes a control valve adapted to control the pressure of the anode gas to be supplied to the fuel cell; a buffer unit adapted to store the anode-off gas to be discharged from the fuel cell; a pulsation operation unit adapted to control the control valve in order to periodically increase and decrease the pressure of the anode gas at a specific width of the pulsation; and a pulsation width correcting unit adapted to correct the width of the pulsation on the basis of the temperature of the buffer unit.

Abstract: An A/F sensor element includes a substrate made of an insulating ceramic having a bottomed cylindrical shape, an electrolyte part made of a solid electrolyte, and a pair of electrode portions. The electrolyte part is embedded in at least a portion of the side wall of the substrate. The A/F sensor element is used by inserting a rod-like heater in the substrate having the bottomed cylindrical shape. The substrate is formed of the insulating ceramic at a contact position to the heater within the substrate. In a manufacturing of the substrate, a molded body having a space for a forming position of the electrolyte part is formed by using substrate-forming clay, and then the molded body is molded by filling electrolyte-forming clay into the space.

Abstract: A cable passage for sealing and for electrically contacting an exhaust-gas sensor includes: a protective sleeve; and at least one connecting cable which is run out of the protective sleeve on at least one front side of the protective sleeve. At least one cross section of the space existing between the protective sleeve and the at least one connecting cable is filled with a thermoplastically workable fluoropolymer-containing material.

Abstract: A boss configured to mount a nitrous oxide sensor in an exhaust conduit is disclosed. The boss includes a first tier configured to contact with an exterior surface of the exhaust conduit, the first tier defined by a first diameter and a first height. The boss also includes a second tier extending from the first tier. The second tier is configured to be disposed within an interior space defined within the exhaust conduit. The second tier is defined by a second diameter and a second height. Further, the second diameter is sized smaller than the first diameter. The boss further includes a condensation protection feature configured to direct condensation away from the nitrous oxide sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for determining or monitoring a physical or chemical, process variable, comprising a sensor element (2) having at least one temperature sensitive, sensor region and/or an electronics unit (3) having at least one component (4), whose specification requires use within a predetermined temperature range, wherein a connecting component (5) is provided between the temperature sensitive, sensor region and the remaining regions of the sensor element (2) and/or between the sensor element (2) and the electronics unit (3), wherein the connecting component (5) is composed at least partially of a metal- or ceramic foam (6) having a predetermined porosity.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a gas sensing element positioned at least partially within a body and being exposed at a first end to measure a gas in contact with the first end. A sleeve is fixed to the body and extends from the body in a direction opposite the first end of the gas sensing element. The sleeve includes it remote end portion having an engagement feature. A connector housing is overmolded onto the end portion of the sleeve to lock onto the sleeve via the engagement feature. The connector housing includes a plug connector portion partially enclosing a plurality of electrical terminals electrically connected to the gas sensing element.

Abstract: A new apparatus for monitoring fine particle concentration in an exhaust system of a combustion engine has a part that extends into the exhaust system, and a housing that includes structure that attaches and seals the apparatus to the exhaust system through a single opening in a wall of the exhaust system. A gas inlet in the housing provides a measurement flow into a particle measurement sensor inside the housing. At least a fraction of the particles entering the particle measurement sensor are charged, and at least a fraction of the current carried by the charged particles are detected. A gas outlet in the housing carries the measurement flow away from the particle measurement sensor. The structure that attaches the apparatus to the exhaust system has one electrical connector that provides power to the sensor, and another electrical connector that transmits the electrical signal created by the sensor.

Abstract: A gas sensor element includes: a solid electrolyte body; a target gas chamber; a reference gas chamber; a first electrode coming into contact with the solid electrolyte in the target gas chamber; a second electrode coming into contact with the solid electrolyte body in the reference gas chamber so as to hold the solid electrolyte body between the first electrode and the second electrode; a diffusion layer arranged to come into contact with the solid electrolyte body and configured to deliver the target gas to the target gas chamber; and a shielding layer arranged to come into contact with the diffusion layer so as to arrange the diffusion layer between the solid electrolyte body and the shielding layer. At least one of the solid electrolyte body and the shielding layer is provided with a concave section depressed from an interface side with the diffusion layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device, in particular a control and evaluation unit, for recognizing a water passage or a high water level for a vehicle, which has, as a drive, an internal combustion engine having an exhaust train, in which the functionality of an emission control system is monitored or controlled by at least one exhaust sensor and the exhaust sensor is operated at least intermittently at high temperatures and has thermal shock susceptibility by design. According to the invention, a water recognition criterion is determined based on one or a plurality of distance sensors and, at critical values of the water level which are predicted or have already been reached, protective measures are initiated for the emissions control system of the vehicle or for the exhaust sensor or exhaust sensors arranged in the exhaust duct. Damage to exhaust sensors or to components of the emissions control system as a result of the severe cooling upon contact with water can thus be minimized.

Abstract: An exercise device including a housing with first and second ends and a longitudinal axis extending therebetween. A bore is defined in the housing and a disc member is located within the bore. The disc member includes a side surface extending between first and second surfaces, said side surface being generally parallel to the longitudinal axis. An aperture is defined in the disc member and extends between the first and second surfaces. The aperture is bounded and defined by a face that extends between the first and second surfaces of the disc member. A friction-reducing material is provided on the face. A first resilient member extends between the first and second ends of the housing and passes through the aperture. An aperture adjustment member may be engaged with an enlarged end of the resilient member to retain the same in the aperture in the disc member.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting gaseous agents has a transducer, which includes an electrical resonant circuit that forms an antenna. The sensor further includes a sensing material that is disposed on at least a portion of the transducer. The sensing material is configured to simultaneously exhibit a capacitance response and a resistance response in the presence of a gaseous agent. The sensor may be reversible, battery free, and may require no electrical contact with a sensor reader.

Abstract: A multigas sensor (200A) includes a multigas sensor element portion (100A) having: a NOx sensor portion (30A) which detects the concentration of NOx; and first and second ammonia sensor portions (42x, 42y) having different ratios between a sensitivity of ammonia and a sensitivity of NOx. The multigas sensor element portion has a plate-like shape which extends in the direction of the axis O. A temperature detecting portion (6) used for controlling the temperature of the NOx sensor portion is disposed in the multigas sensor element portion. The first and second ammonia sensor portions are disposed on the outer surface of the NOx sensor portion so that at least parts of the first and second ammonia sensor portions overlap with a first region (6s) which is defined in the width direction by ends in the axial direction of the temperature detecting portion.

Abstract: A ceramic heater has a plate substrate made of ceramic and a conductive layer. The conductive layer has a heating section and a pair of lead sections. When receiving electric power, the conductive layer generates heat. The lead sections are formed at one section on the plate substrate adjacent to each other in a width direction and formed along a longitudinal direction on the plate substrate. The heating section is formed to meander on the other section in the plate substrate and both ends of the heating section are connected to the lead sections, respectively. In particular, central sections formed at a central area of the heating section in the width direction and the longitudinal direction have a resistance value which is lower per unit length than a resistance value of other linear shaped sections of the heating section.

Abstract: In a method for operating a heatable exhaust-gas sensor, which supplies at least one measuring signal and in which a sensor heater is operated using a pulse-width modulated operating voltage, the detection of the at least one measuring signal has priority over the supply of the pulse-width modulated operating voltage for sensor heater, and at least during a predefined time window in which the measuring signal is detected, the supply of the pulse-width modulated operating voltage for the sensor heater is suppressed using a blocking signal.

Abstract: A capacitor for a hydrogen sensor includes a dielectric substrate, a first electrode on the dielectric substrate, a second electrode on the dielectric substrate, and palladium islands on the dielectric substrate and between the first and second electrodes. The palladium islands are electrically isolated from the first and second electrodes and from each other.

Abstract: Diagnostic accuracy is improved when abnormality diagnosis of a particulate filter is carried out by using a PM sensor arranged in an exhaust passage downstream of the particulate filter. An abnormality diagnostic device for a particulate filter includes a PM sensor arranged in an exhaust passage at the downstream side of the particulate filter so as to output a signal corresponding to an amount of PM deposited in between electrodes which constitute a sensor element, and a filter diagnostic unit to carry out filter diagnostic processing in which abnormality of the particulate filter is diagnosed based on an output value of the PM sensor, wherein it is decided whether to carry out the filter diagnostic processing based on a degree of variation in the output value of the PM sensor before the filter diagnostic processing is carried out.

Abstract: In a gas sensor 10, a powder compact 45a seals a void space between an inner peripheral surface 42c of metal-made main hardware 42 and a sensor element 20, and the inner peripheral surface 42c has arithmetic average roughness Ra of 0.5 to 5 ?m. The gas sensor 10 includes supporters 44a and 44b, which are arranged in a penetration hole of the main hardware 42, which allow the sensor element 20 to penetrate therethrough, and which press the powder compact 45a in sandwiching relation from both sides in an axial direction. A surface of at least one of the supporters 44a and 44b has the arithmetic average roughness Ra of not more than 0.5 ?m.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a metallic shell with a shell aperture extending therethrough along an axis; a metallic glass holder metallurgically sealed to the shell in order to prevent gases from passing between the glass holder and the shell, the glass holder including a glass holder aperture extending axially therethrough; a ceramic sensing element extending through the shell aperture and through the glass holder aperture; and a glass seal which seals between the sensing element and the glass holder in order to prevent gases from passing between the sensing element and the glass holder. A method of making the gas sensor is also provided.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sensor (100; 200) is configured so as to detect an oxygen concentration or air-fuel ratio in exhaust gas. The exhaust gas sensor includes a sensor element (10) and a manganese reaction layer (20). The sensor element detects an oxygen concentration or air-fuel ratio. The manganese reaction layer is formed on at least part of a surface of the sensor element and is formed of a substance containing an element capable of generating a complex oxide having manganese through reaction with a manganese oxide in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas sensor is configured to detect an oxygen concentration or air-fuel ratio in exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine that utilizes a fuel having a Mn concentration in excess of 20 ppm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sensor element for detecting a specific gas component in a gas under measurement. The sensor element is plate-shaped in a longitudinal direction thereof and has a detection portion located on a front end side of the sensor element and an air introduction portion adapted as a longitudinal hole extending in the longitudinal direction to a position of the detection portion so as to introduce air thereinto. The detection portion includes a measurement electrode exposed to the gas under measurement, a reference electrode arranged in the air introduction portion and a plate-shaped solid electrolyte member held in contact with the measurement electrode and the reference electrode. The air introduction portion has a cross section with an aspect ratio of 0.0082 to 0.0800 and an area of 0.015 to 0.147 mm2 when taken perpendicular to the longitudinal direction at a position of the reference electrode.

Abstract: A gas sensor element comprises an elongated plate-like element including, at a forward end portion, a detecting section comprising a solid electrolyte body having an outer surface and a back surface, a detection electrode on the outer surface and a reference electrode on the back surface, and a porous layer covering the detection electrode. The coating layer includes a first protection layer entirely covering the detecting section, and a second protection layer circumferentially covering the first protection layer and extending at least from a forward end of the first protection layer to a position located rearward of the porous layer. The thickness of the first protection layer on the porous layer is larger than that of the first protection layer rearward of the porous layer. The thickness of the second protection layer rearward of the porous layer is larger than that of the second protection layer above the porous layer.

Abstract: A sensor device for sensing a gas includes a sensing region, and a readout region that is electrically and mechanically connected to the sensing region by way of a connecting web. The readout region, the sensing region, and the connecting web are formed from a substrate, and are isolated from the substrate by a clearance cutout. The sensing region has an ion-conducting region configured to provide a measuring signal dependent on the gas. The readout region (is configured to read out the measuring signal.

Abstract: A process combustion transmitter is provided. The transmitter includes a process probe extendible into a flow of process combustion exhaust. The process probe has a measurement cell and a diffuser that define a chamber within the process probe. Electronic circuitry is coupled to the measurement cell and is configured to provide an indication relative to a combustion process based on an output signal of the measurement cell. A pressure sensor is coupled to the electronic circuitry and is fluidically coupled to the chamber. The electronic circuitry is configured to provide an adjusted calibration based on pressure measured within the chamber during a calibration.

Abstract: A sensor includes a detection element; a plurality of terminal members, each of the terminal members including an elongated frame body portion extending along the axial direction, an element contact portion in elastic contact with an electrode terminal, and a folded portion connecting the frame body portion and the element contact portion; and a separator. The element contact portion of each of the terminal members has a turning portion which turns inward with respect to the width direction between the folded portion and a contact portion in contact with an electrode terminal. In those two of the terminal members which are adjacent to each other along the width direction, the distance along the width direction between the contact portions is smaller than the distance along the width direction between the frame body portions.

Abstract: A device for detecting at least one gaseous analyte comprises a detection section including a semiconductor substrate and at least one sensor element, which is arranged on the semiconductor substrate. The at least one sensor element includes two electrodes and a solid electrolyte layer arranged between the electrodes. The device also comprises a protective cap configured to cover the at least one sensor element, and at least one temperature-control unit configured for temperature control of the protective cap. The at least one temperature-control unit is arranged on the protective cap. The protective cap is formed from a semiconductor material. The device further comprises a diffusion section having a plurality of passage openings for the gaseous analyte arranged at least in a partial section of the protective cap.

Abstract: An ambient-heat engine has a substantially thermally-conductive housing whose interior is divided into a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber by a substantially gas-impermeable barrier. An ionically-conductive, electrical-energy-generating mechanism forms at least a portion of the barrier. First hydrogen-storage medium is disposed within the high-pressure chamber and second hydrogen-storage medium is disposed within the low-pressure chamber. An electrical-energy storage device connected to the ionically-conductive, electrical-energy-generating mechanism is operable between a charge condition and a discharge condition. In a charge condition, hydrogen atoms within the high-pressure chamber are converted to hydrogen ions and conducted through the electrical-energy-generating mechanism to the low-pressure chamber causing electrical-energy to be generated to the electrical-energy storage device.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes an exhaust pipe and a heat insulating cover surrounding an outer surface of the exhaust pipe. The cover includes a planar section defining a surface area. An inner surface of the planar section is spaced from the outer surface to define a gap there between. A separate reinforcement is mounted to the planar section. A mounting boss provided in the gap is in direct contact with the inner surface. An exhaust constituent sensor is mounted to the exhaust pipe. A distal end portion of the sensor is received in the mounting boss and projects through an opening in the outer surface and into an exhaust passage. The direct contact of the mounting boss with the inner surface forms a mechanical seal preventing high temperature air from around the exhaust pipe from flowing toward a proximal end portion of the sensor.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a metal shell, a gas sensor element held in the metal shell, a metal portion arranged between a flange portion of the gas sensor element and a seat portion of the metal shell and a porous thermal spray layer formed on the gas sensor element. When viewed in cross section along the direction of an axis of the gas sensor, a corner of the metal portion axially overlaps in position with or radially outwardly protrudes from an outer surface of a part of the thermal spray layer located on a side surface of the flange portion and is brought into contact with the seat portion. A rear end-facing surface of the metal portion is brought into contact with an outer surface of the thermal spray layer at a position radially inside the side surface of the flange portion.

Abstract: A thin plate member which has a groove portion recessed toward the inside in a radial direction with a gap interposed between the thin plate member and the outer surface of a site on the front end side of a main body section. At least one end of the thin plate member is joined to the outer surface of the main body section and is provided radially outside the site on the front end side of the main body section. A seal member is disposed in the groove portion and has elasticity due to resin. Since the gap functions as a heat-insulating layer and is interposed between the seal member and the main body section, heat conduction from the main body section, that is, heat conduction through a first pathway is reduced, and thus deterioration of the seal member due to heat is suppressed.

Abstract: An NOx detection apparatus does not always perform correction processing, but it determines whether to perform the correction processing on the basis of the result of a determination of whether a first Nox concentration is higher than a predetermined specific concentration. The first NOx concentration NOxpo calculated from a second pumping current Ip2 which changes with the actual NOx concentration. Therefore, the NOx detection apparatus can determine whether to correct the first NOx concentration NOxpo in accordance with the actual NOx concentration. Accordingly, the NOx detection apparatus can suppress a decrease in gas detection accuracy even in the case where the gas detection value based on the sensor output involves an error in a specific concentration range (concentration range of 90 ppm or higher).

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a sensor housing, and a sensing element located within the sensor housing, the sensing element defining an axis and having a distal end extending from the sensor housing. The gas sensor further includes a sensor protection element coupled to the sensor housing and at least partially surrounding the distal end of the sensing element. The sensor protection element includes a tube, the distal end of the sensing element located within the tube, the tube including a window located along a side of the tube adjacent the distal end of the sensing element. The sensor protection element further includes a fabric layer positioned adjacent the window, the fabric layer spaced from the sensing element and extending generally parallel to the axis.

Abstract: A sensor control apparatus is disclosed, including a preliminary control for supplying a constant current to a second oxygen pump cell of a gas sensor for a constant period of time so as to control to a constant level the amount of oxygen pumped out from a second measurement chamber (S40 to S50). At the beginning of drive control (S55 to S80), oxygen is pumped back into the second measurement chamber. During the pumping back operation, an NOX concentration correspondence value has a large time course change and is not stable. The NOX concentration correspondence value is corrected using correction data common among gas sensors, wherein the timing for applying the correction data is adjusted by making use of an application time determined in accordance with individual differences of each gas sensor.

Abstract: A gas sensor element and a gas sensor incorporating the gas sensor element. The gas sensor element (100) includes a detection portion (150) including a solid electrolyte body (105) and a pair of electrodes (104) and (106) disposed on the solid electrolyte body; and a porous protection layer (20) covering the detection portion. The porous protection layer includes an inner porous layer (21) and an outer porous layer (23). The inner porous layer has a higher porosity than the outer porous layer. Further, the inner porous layer contains, as main components, ceramic particles (21a), and ceramic fiber filaments (21b), and the amount of the ceramic fiber filaments is 25 to 75 vol % based on the total amount of the ceramic particles and the ceramic fiber filaments taken as 100 vol %.

Abstract: In a gas sensor (100), a base end portion (175b) of a second outer wall (175) of an outer protector (171) is airtightly connected to a forward end portion (164c) of a first inner wall (164) of an inner protector (161). The outer protector (171) has a taper wall (172) which is located on the axially forward end side of the second outer wall (175). The taper wall (172) has the shape of a tapered tube whose diameter decreases toward the axially forward end side, and has a second outer hole (176), which is a forward end opening. The entire taper wall (172) is disposed on the axially forward end side in relation to the inner bottom wall (162) of the inner protector (161).

Abstract: Provided herein are a gas sensor element in which deformation of a sensitive portion due to stress may be reduced and a method of manufacturing the gas sensor element. A base insulating layer 9 including a heater wiring pattern 19 is formed on a front surface 3A of a support 3. The base insulating layer 9 includes a fixed portion 15 fixed to the front surface 3A of the support 3, and a nonfixed portion 17 located over an opening portion 5. A cavity portion 7 having the opening portion 5 is formed in the support 3. An electrode wiring pattern 27 and a sensitive film 31 are formed over a central portion 21 of the nonfixed portion 17 of the base insulating layer 9. The nonfixed portion 17 includes the central portion 21 and a plurality of connecting portions 23 connecting the central portion 21 and the fixed portion 15. Four connecting portions 23 each include a base portion 33 and an extended portion 35.

Abstract: A gas sensor having first and second electrodes, an ion conducting solid electrolyte membrane positioned therebetween, first and second electrically conductive gas diffusion layers, first and second electrode contact members for electrically coupling said first and second electrodes to an external circuit, a water reservoir, a gas entry passageway and a water permeation barrier for controlling the transport of water vapor to the ion conducting solid electrolyte membrane. The water permeation barrier is a thin walled member which allows water vapor to diffuse therethrough and evaporate from an exit surface, the thickness of the water permeation barrier controlling the internal relative humidity of the sensor. A method for adjusting the present sensor in-situ due to changes in the current humidity conditions of the sensor so as to keep the gas sensitivity loss within a predetermined range is also disclosed.

Abstract: A gas sensor including an internal space, a first electrode, a second electrode, a pumping cell, a third electrode, a fourth electrode, a measuring cell, and a porous diffusion layer. The first and third electrodes, and the second and fourth electrodes are formed inside and outside the internal space, respectively. The pumping cell includes the first and second electrodes, and the measuring cell includes the third and fourth electrodes. The pumping cell pumps oxygen from the internal space when a predetermined voltage is applied between the first and second electrodes. The third electrode reduces an oxide gas component in a predetermined gas component to which a predetermined diffusion resistance has been applied by the porous diffusion layer. The measuring cell measures current flow between the third and fourth electrodes when a voltage corresponding to the degree of reduction in the third electrode is applied between the third and fourth electrodes.

Abstract: A NOx sensor 100 includes a sensor device 110 and a heater 70 capable of heating the sensor device 110. The sensor device 110 includes an inner pump electrode 22 and an outer pump electrode 23 disposed respectively on the inner side and the outer side of a solid electrolyte layer 6. The sensor device 110 detects the concentration of NOx by introducing a gas to be measured into a first inner vacancy 20, pumping out oxygen in the gas to be measured from the inner pump electrode 22 to the outer pump electrode 23, introducing the gas to be measured, from which the oxygen has been pumped out, into a second inner vacancy 40, reducing the NOx in the gas to be measured, to thereby generate oxygen, and detecting the generated oxygen. A characteristic stabilizing layer 24 covers the outer pump electrode 23 and is made of a porous body with a thickness of 10 to 200 ?m and a thickness variation of 20% or less.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting a target analyte in a gaseous sample at ultra-low concentrations wherein access opening(s) provided through the sensor housing are plugged with endcap(s) and spent gas (i.e., gaseous sample post detection) is channeled along the interface between the sensor housing and the endcap(s) prior to venting of the spent gas, for flushing any environmentally introduced target analyte from this interface.