Abstract: A filter press device for electrolytic production of metal for electrodeposition of metal from solutions, constructed from a plurality of cells connected electrically and hydraulically in series. Each has alternating frames and ion-exchange membranes to form alternating anode and cathode compartments, allowing the free path of liquid. Anolyte or catholyte passes through each compartment. The electrolyzed product is discharged from the compartment in the form of metal or a metallic compound. The electrodes are designed with a vertical base plate acting as an anode with the respective anolyte in a cell unit and in the other, acting as a cathode with the respective catholyte in the adjacent cell unit. Completed the production cycle, the device is stopped, the cell is opened, allowing the metal deposition electrodes, cathodes, can be removed and replaced to start a new productive cycle or remain in place with automatic detachment of metal product.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a filter material for a culture system, and a preparation method and use thereof. The filter material comprises an anode material and a cathode material, wherein the anode material is an active metal, and the cathode material is an inactive metal or a conductive non-metal. The filter material can significantly improve the water quality in the culture system, be used for in-situ treatment of the water body in the culture system and be convenient to use. The filter material does not require additional application of voltage or current, and thus is safer. At the same time, the filter material has a long service life and does not need to be changed frequently. In addition, the preparation method of the filter material is simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly, and is advantageous for large-scale production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method of preparing a monocrystalline diamond abrasive grain comprising the steps of: sufficiently dispersing a micron-scale monocrystalline diamond and at least a micron-scale metal powder in a sol containing at least a nano-scale metal powder, and controlling the suitable ratio of the two kinds of metal powder with different order of magnitude of particle size, accordingly the micron-scale metal powder can be stuffed into voids among the monocrystalline diamond grains, and only a suitable amount of nano-scale metal powder is required to let the micron-scale metal powder and nano-scale metal powder coat together on the surface of the micron-scale diamond to form an integral and uniform coating layer including at least two kinds of metal grains, thus the resulting monocrystalline diamond abrasive grains have a unique rough-surface morphology, a plurality of contact points and contact surfaces resenting in the grinding process and good self-sharpening.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system and a method for treating waste water using a passive phosphorus-capture filter lined with wood activated by the impregnation of a metal in the form of hydroxide, more specifically aluminum hydroxide or iron hydroxide. This system demonstrates phosphorus removal performances which are very closely linked to the release of iron and which support the observation that iron releases follow a cyclical trend. The method according to the invention also clearly demonstrates the cyclical nature of the reduction of phosphorus, directly linked to the same cycle of iron release at the outlet. When the medium is aerobic, it can precipitate the released iron in the form of hydroxide and thereby limit the release of iron into the outflow water and consequently its residual phosphorus.

Abstract: An apparatus including at least one electrolytic cell having at least one electrode compartment structured to contain a liquid electrolyte and a plurality of electrically conducting particulates forming a particulate bed, at least one reaction region structured to support electrochemical reactions, at least one collection region structured to facilitate collection of electrically conducting particulates, at least one feeding region structured to facilitate input of electrically conducting particulates, at least one actuation module arranged substantially outside of the at least one reaction region of relevance for the electrochemical modifications.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells including a casing or cup for direct electrical contact with a negative electrode or counter electrode and serving as the current collector for the electrode. The casing includes a substrate having a plated coating of an alloy including copper, tin and zinc, the coating having a composition gradient between the substrate and the external surface of the coating wherein the copper content is greater adjacent the substrate than at the external surface of the coating and the tin content is greater at the external surface of the coating than adjacent the substrate. Methods for forming a coated casing and an electrochemical cell including a coated casing are disclosed, preferably including providing an electrode casing with a coating utilizing variable current density plating that reduces discoloration of a surface exposed to the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the synthesis and treatment of electrocatalyst particles in batch or continuous fashion is provided. In one embodiment, the apparatus is comprised of a three-electrode cell which includes a reference electrode, a counter electrode, and a working electrode. The working electrode is preferably a cylindrical vessel having an electrically conductive region. The electrode assembly is introduced into a slurry containing metal ions and a plurality of particles. During operation an electrical potential is applied and the working electrode is rotated at a predetermined speed. When particles in the slurry collide with the electrically conductive region the transferred charge facilitates deposition of an ad-layer of the desired metal. In this manner film growth can commence on a large number of particles simultaneously. This process is especially suitable as a commercial thin film deposition process for forming catalytically active layers on nanoparticles for use in energy conversion devices.

Abstract: A method for electrochemical modification of liquid streams employing an electrolytic cell which utilizes an oxidation site defined by an anode, an anode compartment comprising liquid electrolyte anolyte where oxidation is effected, a cathode compartment comprising liquid electrolyte catholyte where reduction is effected, a cathode comprising conducting cathode particulates forming a cathode particulates bed and a current feeder device in at least intermittent contact with said cathode particulates where the cathode particulates are in motion and the particulates motion is substantially independent of bulk electrolyte flow, a separator which confines the cathode particulates to the cathode compartment, constrains electrolyte flow through the cathode particulates bed and permits ionic conduction of current between the anode and cathode, a cathode particulates conveyance system that manipulates cathode particulates motion.

Abstract: A method of treating electrically conductive nanoparticles using a dynamic processing electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells including a casing or cup for direct electrical contact with a negative electrode or counter electrode and serving as the current collector for the electrode. The casing includes a substrate having a plated coating of an alloy including copper, tin and zinc, the coating having a composition gradient between the substrate and the external surface of the coating wherein the copper content is greater adjacent the substrate than at the external surface of the coating and the tin content is greater at the external surface of the coating than adjacent the substrate. Methods for forming a coated casing and an electrochemical cell including a coated casing are disclosed, preferably including providing an electrode casing with a coating utilizing variable current density plating that reduces discoloration of a surface exposed to the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: A method for preparation of nanocomposite solution, comprises preparing basic silica colloid aqueous solution; providing an electrolysis apparatus by installing a negative electrode containing aluminum and a positive electrode containing silver into the basic silica colloid aqueous solution; and forming nanocomposite by applying voltage to the respective electrodes of the electrolysis apparatus. With this configuration, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing solution dispersed with nanocomposite, further particularly to, a method of manufacturing nanocomposite solution having excellent storability and thermal stability and containing silver having antibacterial function, far infrared radiation function, deodorization function.

Abstract: Improvements in methods for plating metal on substrates are obtained by providing media in the plating solution in sizes that are less than 60% to 80% smaller than the average dimension of the substrates to be plated. It is also advantageous for the substrates and media to be present in the solution at a volume ratio of above 1/1 to about 5/1. Another embodiment of the invention relates to an apparatus for electroplating a metal deposit on electroplatable substrates.

Abstract: A heat-resistant resin film having a metallic thin film accumulated thereon or an endless belt having a metallic thin film accumulated thereon having good mechanical characteristics is produced in a simple process. A metallic thin film is formed on an inner surface of a cylindrical substrate, and a layer of a heat-resistant resin is formed thereon. An accumulated body of the heat-resistant resin and the metallic thin film is peeled off from the substrate. The metallic thin film may be formed by electroplating, electroless plating or vapor deposition, or may also be formed by attaching a metallic foil having been prepared on an inner surface of the substrate. The heat-resistant resin layer is formed by injecting a polyamide acid solution in a rotational drum, and then formed by centrifugal forming by rotating the rotational drum on rollers under heating. After forming, imidization is conducted by heating and baking to form a film member of a thermosetting polyimide.

Abstract: A method for making conductive particles that efficiently permit a plated layer of uniform thickness to be formed over each of the particles without aggregating the particles in a plating liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for electrolytic deposition of metals on conducting particles. The conducting particles are completely immersed in a liquid and allowed to flow across a particle contacting surface of a cathode support. The particles flow across the surface and into a reservoir. Electrical contact is made between the negative pole of a DC power supply and the conducting particles. An anode mesh is placed above and parallel to the top face of the particle bed such that the mesh does not touch the particle bed but remains a controlled distance from it. The anode mesh is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply. A significant aspect of the present invention is that the device does not require a separator between the particle bed and the anode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for electrolytic deposition of metals on conducting particles. The conducting particles are completely immersed in a liquid and allowed to flow across a particle contacting surface of a cathode support. The particles flow across the surface and into a reservoir. Fresh particles can be introduced onto a first portion of the particle contacting surface, or the particles can be recirculated from the reservoir. The pellet flow field is of uniform or near uniform thickness. Electrical contact is made between the negative pole of a DC power supply and the conducting particles via the support surface, via conducting inserts passing through the support surface, or via other means. An anode mesh is placed above and parallel to the top face of the particle bed such that the mesh does not touch the particle bed but remains a controlled distance from it. The anode mesh is connected to the positive terminal of the dc power supply.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for forming a coating on conductive particles by grafting a polymer and/or a copolymer of the particles from a bath containing at least a monomer from which the polymer and/or copolymer is formed. The method consists of producing the grafting by electrochemical reduction of the monomer in an electrolytic solution, where at least a cathode and an anode are provided, and containing an aprotic solvent, a support electrolyte and the monomer(s) required for polymerizing or copolymerizing the coating, by suspending the particles and moving the solution so as to produce an intermittent contact between the particles and the cathode, and to form, by polymerization or copolymerization, the coating on the particles by applying an electric potential.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for coating particles in a rotating container. A cathode forms an electrically conductive inner surface of a side wall of the container. An anode is positioned relative to the cathode so as to permit both the cathode and the anode to be immersed together in an electrically conductive fluid. A motor is connected to the container and arranged to cause the container to rotate so as to generate a centrifugal force. Particles are placed in the container, the container is filled with the electrically conductive fluid, and electrical current is caused to pass from the cathode to the anode through the electrically conductive fluid while the container is rotated. The particles rest against the electrically conductive inner surface of the side wall of the container while the electrical current passes from the cathode to the anode, so as to result in deposition of a coating material from the electrically conductive fluid onto the particles.

Abstract: A method for coating particulate substrate materials is provided which comprises (a) combining particles and an electrolyte in an imperforate container; (b) vibrating the container to generate a fluidized bed of particles in the electrolyte; and (c) electrochemically depositing a coating on the particles from reactants in the electrolyte. An apparatus for coating particles is also provided which comprises an imperforate container for receiving particles to be coated and an electrolyte and a device for generating a fluidized bed in the container, the device being operatively associated with the container.

Abstract: Methods for forming pastes of powder particles coated with an electrically conductive coating are described. The powder particles, with or without an optional first conductive coating layer applied to their surface, are placed in contact with a cathode surface and immersed in an electroplating solution. An anode covered with a nonconducting but ion-permeable membrane is immersed in the solution in close proximity to the cathode. Agitation to move and gently tumble the powder over the cathode surface is provided. The powder particles are plated with a metal or metal alloy coating by biasing the anode with a positive voltage relative to the cathode. The coated powder is removed, rinsed and dried. The powder is added to a polymer material to form a paste which is heated to fuse the powder coating surfaces to form a network of interconnected particles and is further heated to cure the polymer.

Abstract: Zinc metal is deposited from an alkali electrolyte solution onto conductive seed particles in an electrowinning process which yields unusually high current efficiency and low energy consumption.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for microencapsulating or coating powderized material comprising use of a rotary flow-through device to alternately compact and electroplate the powder and reorient it prior to another compaction. The invention is also of a process and apparatus for forming a strip, mesh, or film from powderized material, which is particularly useful for forming misch metal powder composite in nickel mesh for use in metal hydride batteries.

Abstract: A method of producing an absorber layer for solar cells by electrolytic dispersion deposition.