Abstract: A cooled article and a method of forming a cooled article are disclosed. The cooled article includes a component, a porous material incorporated into the component, and a cooling medium within the porous material. Another cooled article is formed by a process includes the steps of forming a porous material from a pre-sintered preform, providing a component, and incorporating the porous material into the component. The porous material is in fluid communication with a cooling medium. The method of forming a cooled article includes providing a metal felt material infused with braze filler material, pre-sintering the metal felt material to form a porous material, providing a component, and incorporating the porous material into the component.

Abstract: To produce a chromium-containing multilayer coating on an object, alternate layers of nickel phosphorus alloy and trivalent chromium are deposited on the object until a desired thickness of coating has been reached. The coated object is then subjected to one or more heat treatments to improve the mechanical and physical properties of the coating and to produce multiphase layers comprising layers containing crystalline Ni and crystalline Ni3P and layers containing crystalline Cr.

Abstract: A method of making a hollow metal component comprising the steps of providing at least one core comprising a first side and a reverse side; utilizing a first metal spray process to apply at least one metal or metal alloy to the first side of the core, resulting in a partially-formed structure comprising a first side and a reverse side; and utilizing a second metal spray process to apply at least one metal or metal alloy to the reverse sides of the partially-formed structure and the core, resulting in a rough structure. A hollow metal component comprising a first side having interior and exterior surfaces, a reverse side having interior and exterior surfaces, the interior surfaces of the first side and the reverse side defining at least one cavity. The component is integrally formed and has regions comprising relatively different material compositions, the regions having gradual transitions of materials therebetween.

Abstract: The invention consists of a chromium electroplating solution comprising a chromium electroplating solution comprising: (1) a water soluble trivalent chromium salt; (2) at least one complexant for trivalent chromium ions; (3) a source of hydrogen ions sufficient to create a pH of from 2.8-4.2; (4) a pH buffering compound; and (5) a sulfur-containing organic compound. The chromium electroplating solution is usable in a method for producing an adherent metallic coating on a decorative article, such coating having enhanced resistance to corrosion in environments containing calcium chloride.

Abstract: A copper electroplating solution which contains compounds with the structure —X—S—Y— wherein X and Y are, independently atoms selected from a group consisting of hydrogen, carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen, and X and Y can be the same only if they are carbon atoms and ninhydrin. By using this copper electroplating solution, it is possible to form good filled vias without worsening the appearance of the plating.

Abstract: A coating for protecting a base material from wear and corrosion includes a first layer deposited directly onto an outer surface of the base material. In addition, the coating includes a second layer deposited directly onto the first layer. The first layer is positioned between the base material and the second layer. The first layer includes chromium having a first micro-crack density and the second layer comprises chromium having a second micro-crack density that is less than the first micro-crack density.

Abstract: Methods of providing a corrosion-resistant plating on a steel bumper are provided. A galvanized zinc layer is deposited over a steel substrate. A plurality of nickel layers is deposited over the zinc layer. The plurality of zinc layers has at least a first porosity and a second porosity. A chrome layer is applied over the plurality of nickel layers. The porous nickel layer is immediately adjacent the chrome layer such that a stress applied to the chrome layer is distributed over the porous nickel layer. The porous nickel layer delocalizes a stress applied at an impact area to a dispersed area and the dispersed area is larger than the impact area.

Abstract: A method of forming a tool marking structure includes: a coloring step of coloring a predetermined position of the first protective layer so as to form a marking area with a color layer and forming the first protective layer on a bottom surface of the marking area, and a second-time surface processing step of forming a second protective layer on a non-marking area of the tool.

Abstract: A process for chrome plating magnesium and its alloys. The process uses a combination of electroless nickel plating, a multi-stage copper coating transition system and multiple layers of electrodeposited nickel to form a corrosion resistant system of substantial impermeability and interlayer adherence suitable for direct chromium electroplating.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a chrome-plated part having a corrosion resistance in normal and specific circumstances and not requiring additional treatments after chrome plating, and to provide a manufacturing method of such a chrome plated part. The chrome -plated part 1 includes: a substrate 2; a bright nickel plating layer 5b formed over the substrate 2; a noble potential nickel plating layer 5a formed on the bright nickel plating layer 5b. An electric potential difference between the bright nickel plating layer 5b and the noble potential nickel plating layer 5a is within a range from 40 mV to 150 mV. The chrome-plated part 1 further includes: a trivalent chrome plating layer 6 formed on the noble potential nickel plating layer 5a and having at least any one of a microporous structure and a microcrack structure.

Abstract: In order to provide sanitary fittings, in particular, water supply fittings and sanitary shut-off devices, in general, which visually and haptically are very similar to or scarcely distinguishable (stainless steel finish) from the stainless steel surface of stainless steel sinks, using starting materials which can be processed more cost-effectively, it is proposed that a fitting or fitting parts be manufactured from brass; the fittings or fitting parts be ground and polished; the visible surface of the fittings or fitting parts be nickel-plated; the nickel-plated surface of the fittings or fitting parts be ground and/or brushed; and the ground and/or brushed nickel-plated surface of the fittings or fitting parts be chromium-plated.

Abstract: A method of processing a printed wiring board. Initial processing steps are implemented on the printed wiring board. Copper is plated on the printed wiring board from a bath containing nickel and copper. Nickel is plated on the printed wiring board from a bath containing nickel and copper and final processing steps are implemented on the printed wiring board.

Abstract: The invention consists of a chromium electroplating solution comprising a chromium electroplating solution comprising: (1) a water soluble trivalent chromium salt; (2) at least one complexant for trivalent chromium ions; (3) a source of hydrogen ions sufficient to create a pH of from 2.8-4.2; (4) a pH buffering compound; and (5) a sulfur-containing organic compound. The chromium electroplating solution is usable in a method for producing an adherent metallic coating on a decorative article, such coating having enhanced resistance to corrosion in environments containing calcium chloride.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a metal-carrying carbonaceous material is provided. The method comprises immersing a carbonaceous material in a metal-containing aqueous solution under vacuum, with stirring, and/or in the presence of a polar solvent, and then thermally treating the immersed carbonaceous material at a temperature ranging from 120° C. up to a temperature not higher than the melting point of the involved metal under vacuum or in the presence of a protective gas. According to the method, the metal can be effectively carried on a carbonaceous material so as to enhance the applicability of the metal-carrying carbonaceous material.

Abstract: A chromium plating bath containing trivalent chromium ions and hexavalent chromium ions is prepared by a method including the steps of: (A) mixing chromic acid and an organic acid in an aqueous solution containing these acids and reducing chromic acid by the organic acid so as to prepare an aqueous solution not containing hexavalent chromium ions; (B) adding a pH adjustor to the aqueous solution not containing hexavalent chromium ions so as to adjust pH to a value of 1 to 4; and (C) further adding chromic acid to the aqueous solution not containing hexavalent chromium ions and having undergone the pH adjustment so as to prepare an aqueous solution containing trivalent chromium ions and hexavalent chromium ions. The chromium plating bath containing both trivalent chromium ions and hexavalent chromium ions can be prepared while easily and assuredly adjusting the contents (content ratio) of trivalent chromium ions and hexavalent chromium ions to predetermined values (a predetermined value).

Abstract: A golf club shaft includes a base made of a metal material, a nickel plated layer formed on the base, a chrome plated layer formed on the nickel layer, and a coating layer formed on the chrome plated layer. The chrome plated layer has a surface roughness Ra of 0.1 to 0.3 ?m and a thickness of 0.2 to 1 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to coat an article using a plating process, either electroless or electrolytic, whereby nickel is plated on the article using a solution that includes a suspension of powders or containing one or more of the following elements: Ni, Cr, Al, Zr, Hf, Ti, Ta, Si, Ca, Fe, Y and Ga. Optionally, the coating is then heat treated at a temperature above about 1600° F. for an effective amount of time to allow to homogenize the coating by allowing effective interdiffusion between the species. The level of aluminum may be altered to produce a coating of the predominantly ? phase of the NiAl alloy composition. Optionally, a TBC layer is applied over the predominantly ? phase NiAl alloy composition metallic bond coat.

Abstract: Electrolyte compositions for the deposition of tin and tin-alloys on a substrate are disclosed, along with methods of electroplating tin and tin-alloys using such compositions. These electrolyte compositions are useful for high speed tin plating.

Abstract: The invention provides a surface-treated copper foil for producing printed wiring boards whose surface has,,been subjected to nodular treatment and anti-corrosion treatment, wherein the anti-corrosion treatment includes forming a-zinc-copper-tin ternary alloy anti-corrosive plating layer on a surface of the copper foil; forming an electrolytic chromate layer on the anti-corrosive plating layer; forming a silane-coupling-agent-adsorbed layer on the electrolytic chromate layer; and drying the copper foil for 2-6 seconds such that the copper foil reaches 105° C.-200° C.

Abstract: The invention provides a surface-treated copper foil for producing printed wiring boards whose surface has been subjected to nodular treatment and anti-corrosion treatments, wherein the anti-corrosion treatment includes forming a zinc-copper-nickel ternary alloy anti-corrosive plating layer on a surface of the copper foil; forming an electrolytic chromate layer on the anti-corrosive plating layer; forming a silane-coupling-agent-absorbed layer on the electrolytic chromate layer; and drying the copper foil for 2-6 seconds such that the copper foil reaches 105° C.-200° C.

Abstract: A method of making a high reflectivity micro mirror. A first step involves providing a monolithic bulk crystal silicon having an anisotropic body with a crystalline plane. A second step involves applying chemical agents to selectively remove a portion of the body overlying the crystalline plane to expose a portion of the crystalline plane. Crystalline planes that are present in monolithic bulk crystal silicon have an inherent smoothness which is on an atomic level. The underlying teaching of the present invention is that, instead of attempting to polish or otherwise smooth the surface of the silicon, one should merely expose all or a selected portion of the crystalline plane and use the exposed portion of the crystalline plane as a mirror surface.

Abstract: A method for depositing a multi-layered protective and decorative coating on an article comprising first depositing at least one coating layer on the article by electroplating, removing the electroplated article from the electroplating bath and subjecting it to pulse blow drying to produce a spot-free surface on the electroplated article, and then depositing, by chemical vapor deposition, at least one chemically vapor deposited coating layer on the electroplated article. The electroplated layers are selected from copper, nickel and chrome. The chemical vapor deposited layers are selected from non-precious refractory metals, non-precious refractory metal alloys, non-precious refractory metal compounds, and non-precious refractory metal alloy compounds.

Abstract: A wall of a four-piece mold is made by machining cooling channels into one side of a steel backup member. The cooling channels are filled with wax which is then covered with conductive paint or tape. A layer of copper is now electroplated onto the side of the backup member with the cooling channels, and nickel and chromium are plated over the copper in succession. Upon completion of plating, the wax is removed from the cooling channels by melting the wax. Alternatively to machining the cooling channels into the backup member, strips of plastic are adhesively secured to the backup member prior to plating. The plastic strips, which have widths and heights equal to the desired widths and depths of the cooling channels, are placed on the backup member at the intended locations of the cooling channels. Copper is plated onto the backup member to the height of the strips which are then removed to form the cooling channels.

Abstract: A method for the production of metal foam with high specific surface area is disclosed. A foam material which may be either conductive or nonconductive is provided. If the material is nonconductive, an electrically conductive covering layer is formed. The electrically conductive foam material is then electrolytically coated with nickel from a nickel plating bath. The bath includes at least one unsaturated organic second class brightener in an amount effective to promote preferential growth of nickel onto the foam material such that the value of the growth ratio R, defined by the total of the growth of metal onto the foam material in the direction of the preferential growth divided by the total of the growth of metal in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the preferential growth, is greater than one. The nickel plating may be carried out using pulse current. The bath liquid may be flowed through the openings of the foam substrate in one or more directions during the deposition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of applying a magnetic thin film on a substrate by alloy electroplating in which the alloy content in the deposition is defined by an electric current density in the course of the plating operation. The magnetic thin film is superior in uniformity and formability on a complicated substrate. The method comprises the step of changing the electric current density from a low value to a high value, and vice versa at predetermined intervals during plating to laminate different alloy-content plated layers into a multilayer thin film, and improving the magnetic characteristics of the film by heat treatment.

Abstract: A process for electrochemically depositing a structured surface layer on a component, such as a machine component, particularly a steel water cylinder of a printing press, is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of defining an electrical parameter, such as a potential and/or an electrical current, effecting an electro-chemical layer deposition; and depositing a surface layer on the component with a structured outer surface topography. The depositing step is performed by providing an initial pulse of the electrical parameter and forming a plurality of island formations of deposition material on a surface of the component to be electro-chemically coated, and subsequently providing a follow-up pulse of the electrical parameter and causing a growth of the deposition material on the plurality of islands for causing the structured outer surface topography.

Abstract: A process for depositing an anti-wear coating on a titanium-based substrate comprises:a) roughening the substrate by sanding;b) deposition of a keying nickel sub-layer on the substrate by cathodic spraying (cathode sputtering);c) intermediate cleaning;d) activation of the cleaned part by immersion of the part in a cyanide bath;e) electrolytic deposition of nickel; andf) deposition of a final, anti-wear layer of a material selected from the group consisting of Ag, Cr, Ni, Co, and mixtures thereof, with or without ceramic particles such as SiC, Cr.sub.2 C.sub.3, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3.