Abstract: This application relates to an anodized part. The anodized part includes a metal substrate and an anodized layer overlaying and formed from the metal substrate. The anodized layer includes (i) an external surface that includes randomly distributed light-absorbing features that are capable of absorbing visible light incident upon the external surface, and (ii) pores defined by pore walls, where color particles are infused within the pores. The anodized layer is characterized as having a color having an L* value using a CIE L*a*b* color space that is less than 10.

Abstract: A server (500), a client device (502) and methods therein, for handling cached content resources. When receiving (5:3) a request from the client device (502) in a downloading session, the server (500) identifies (5:4) a set of caches (504, 506) that can be accessed by the client device (502). The server (500) then sends (5:6) a cache map to the client device (502) indicating that a first content resource is stored in a first cache (504) of the identified set of caches and a second content resource is stored in a second cache (506) of the identified set of caches. Thereby, the server (500) is able to adapt the cache map depending on which caches can be accessed by the client device (502), to ensure that the client device (502) can retrieve the content resources in an efficient manner.

Abstract: Example embodiments of a method, system, and apparatus for agent-based architecture for integrated mobile applications are generally described herein. In an example embodiment, a mobile device includes a client agent module. The client agent module may be configured to receive a request from an integrated mobile application. The client agent module may be configured to determine a communication mode including at least a connected mode, a disconnected mode, and an opportunistic synchronization mode. In the disconnected mode, the client agent module may be configured to satisfy the request using local data, if the request can be satisfied with local data; otherwise the client module may be configured to store the request in local data. In the opportunistic synchronization mode, the client agent module may be configured to select data from the local data associated with the request and send the selected data and the request to the server agent.

Abstract: A metal surface treated to have a distinct cosmetic appearance such as an integral layer that is glossy may be used in electronic devices. The surface treatment may include polishing a metal surface, texturing the polished metal surface, polishing the textured surface, followed by anodizing the surface, and then polishing the anodized surface. The metal surface may also be dyed to impart a rich color to the surface.

Abstract: An electroplating apparatus includes a container containing plural portions and an ionic liquid plating solution that is capable of flowing therebetween. The plural portions include at least a first portion containing a counter electrode that includes coating donor material and a second portion that includes a workpiece. A porous scrubber separating the first and second portions has a plurality of metallic outer surfaces in contact with the ionic liquid plating solution. Coating, repair, and regeneration methods using an ionic liquid plating solution are also described.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a stamper of the invention includes: performing a blast process on an aluminum base material, and thereafter anodizing a processing surface of the blast-processed aluminum base material so that a structure which includes a rough rugged structure having an specific arithmetic average roughness Ra and a specific period Sm and a fine rugged structure which is formed on the rough rugged structure to have a shorter period than that of the rough rugged structure is formed on a surface of the aluminum base material. In the stamper of the invention, by anodizing the processing surface of the blast-processed aluminum base material, the structure which includes the specific rough rugged structure and the fine rugged structure which is formed on the specific rough rugged structure to have a shorter period than that of the rough rugged structure is formed on the surface of the aluminum base material.

Abstract: Methods for treating aluminum for providing a tactile sensation of surface softness are provided. In this regard, a representative method includes: providing an aluminum component having a surface; exposing the surface to a first media blasting; exposing the surface to a second media blasting; and, after the second media blasting, chemical etching and anodizing the surface.

Abstract: A process for making mouthpieces for the bits of horses and draught animals includes the following steps: making the mouthpiece with titanium or titanium alloys through a turning and removal operation, sandblasting with zirconium microspheres, and passivation through oxidation of the surface titanium by means of acid solutions. The mouthpiece obtained with such a process is completely made of titanium or titanium alloys and has a passivated surface, that is, a surface that is better resistant to corrosion.

Abstract: Methods and structures for forming anodization layers that protect and cosmetically enhance metal surfaces are described. In some embodiments, methods involve forming an anodization layer on an underlying metal that permits an underlying metal surface to be viewable. In some embodiments, methods involve forming a first anodization layer and an adjacent second anodization layer on an angled surface, the interface between the two anodization layers being regular and uniform. Described are photomasking techniques and tools for providing sharply defined corners on anodized and texturized patterns on metal surfaces. Also described are techniques and tools for providing anodizing resistant components in the manufacture of electronic devices.

Abstract: An electrode is formed using a sanding mechanism to condition the surface of the electrode for electrochemical purposes. Hazardous particles emitted during sanding are captured using jetted liquid, and may be recycled for later use. The sanded surface provides increased electrode lifespan and lead oxide adherence.

Abstract: A surface treatment for metal surfaces can be used to create one or more desired effects, such as functional, tactile, or cosmetic effects. In one embodiment, the treatment involves selectively masking a portion of the surface using a photolithographic process. The mask can protect the masked portion of the surface during subsequent treatment processes such as texturizing and anodization. The mask can result in the creation of a surface having contrasting effects. A pattern can be formed by the contrasting effects in the shape of a distinct graphic, such as a logo or text.

Abstract: A method of treating a metallic surface of an article including the steps of providing an article having a metallic surface; texturizing the surface using a laser to create a controlled pattern across the surface; and anodizing the surface. The controlled pattern may include a series of pits etched in a predetermined repeating pattern across the surface, such as an array of dots or a grid. The controlled pattern may also include a series of pits etched in a predetermined pseudo-random pattern across the surface.

Abstract: A housing includes a metal substrate having an outer surface and a color layer formed on the outer surface. The outer surface has a gradient surface roughness across at least one dimension of the outer surface. The color layer has a surface appearance corresponding with the outer surface, thereby the brightness of color of the color layer gradually changing with the location on the outer surface. A method for making the housing is also provided.

Abstract: An intelligent client agent and a method for using the client agent to operate a hybrid online/offline client application. A mobile client device is configured with a client agent comprising a dispatcher for receiving and responding to page requests from a client browser, a cache for storing the presentation formats of pages, a database for storing data for the pages, a voice engine for interaction with the application user in audio, and a script engine for assembling a page to be presented graphically or aurally. Instead of storing each page (e.g., of an application) as a static composition, the presentation format of the page is stored separate from content (e.g., data). At the time of assembly, the desired content is retrieved and bound to the presentation format and provided to the user.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing a corrosion-resistant article, where the article is conductive and subject to hydrogen uptake during electroplating of a coating. The method comprises electroplating a zinc/nickel coating on the article in an aqueous, basic plating solution containing zinc and nickel ions. The method uses an electrolyte in the form of a soluble hydroxide salt with the weight ratio of zinc ions to nickel ions in the solution being sufficient to provide the coating comprising from about 85% to about 95% by weight zinc, and about 5% to about 15% by weight nickel. The plating solution is substantially free of brightening agents which retard hydrogen bake-out.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrocatalytic coating and an electrode having the coating thereon, wherein the coating is a mixed metal oxide coating, preferably platinum group metal oxides with or without valve metal oxides, and containing a transition metal component such as palladium, rhodium or cobalt. The electrocatalytic coating can be used especially as an anode component of an electrolysis cell for the electrolysis of a halogen-containing solution wherein the palladium component reduces the operating potential of the anode and eliminates the necessity of a “break-in” period to obtain the lowest anode potential.

Abstract: In order to provide sanitary fittings, in particular, water supply fittings and sanitary shut-off devices, in general, which visually and haptically are very similar to or scarcely distinguishable (stainless steel finish) from the stainless steel surface of stainless steel sinks, using starting materials which can be processed more cost-effectively, it is proposed that a fitting or fitting parts be manufactured from brass; the fittings or fitting parts be ground and polished; the visible surface of the fittings or fitting parts be nickel-plated; the nickel-plated surface of the fittings or fitting parts be ground and/or brushed; and the ground and/or brushed nickel-plated surface of the fittings or fitting parts be chromium-plated.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to processes for the production of high-basicity and ultra-high basicity polyaluminum chlorides including aluminum chlorohydrate. The processes can produce products of a wide range of basicities and are particularly useful in producing high basicity products. The process can produce a wide range of solution concentrations and are particularly useful in producing high solution concentrations. The processes described generate high purity products, which are free of by-product salt(s). The processes described herein can also be utilized to produce enhanced efficacy polyaluminum chlorides including aluminum chlorohydrate. When compared to conventional processes for manufacturing these compounds the processes disclosed herein are unique in so far as the disclosed processes do not require aluminum metal as a starting material. The products of the processes are suitable in applications including water purification, catalysts, and antiperspirants.

Abstract: In a method for production of a corrosion resistant and/or oxidation resistant coating, at least one metal of the platinum group or an alloy thereof is galvanically deposited onto a surface of a substrate, and thereafter the thusly galvanically coated substrate is aluminized. In a first stage of the galvanic deposition process a current magnitude applied for the galvanizing is increased continuously or step-wise beginning from an initial value up to a maximum value, and in a second stage of the galvanic deposition process the current magnitude applied for the galvanizing is maintained constant at the maximum value. The galvanic deposition of the or each metal of the platinum group or the corresponding alloy may be carried out using an open-celled or open-mesh or porous anode.

Abstract: A method of providing a corrosion-resistant coating on a surface of an aluminum component comprises anodizing the surface of the aluminum component to form an anodized aluminum oxide layer and sputter coating a sputtered layer on the anodized aluminum oxide layer. A coated aluminum component can be used in a substrate processing chamber and comprises an aluminum body, an anodized aluminum oxide layer formed on the aluminum body, and a sputtered layer comprising aluminum oxide on the anodized aluminum oxide layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a heat resistant resin film with a metal thin film is configured to include the steps of: biasing a conductive material to one surface of the heat resistant resin film; and applying electrolytic plating to the heat resistant resin film while using the conductive material biased to the one surface of the heat resistant resin film as an electrode, so as to form a metal thin film on the heat resistant resin film.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing a corrosion-resistant article, where the article is conductive and subject to hydrogen uptake during electroplating of a coating. The method comprises electroplating a zinc/nickel coating on the article in an aqueous, basic plating solution containing zinc and nickel ions. The method uses an electrolyte in the form of a soluble hydroxide salt with the weight ratio of zinc ions to nickel ions in the solution being sufficient to provide the coating comprising from about 85% to about 95% by weight zinc, and about 5% to about 15% by weight nickel. The plating solution is substantially free of brightening agents which retard hydrogen bake-out.

Abstract: A conductive diamond electrode including an electrode substrate comprising a material selected from the group consisting of a valve metal and an alloy based on the valve metal, at least a surface of the metal or alloy having been subjected to plasticization processing, or heat treatment in vacuum or inert atmosphere; and a conductive diamond film formed on the plasticization processed surface of the electrode substrate. When the electrode substrate is subjected to plasticization processing and heat treatment, peeling resistance of the conductive diamond film is improved, thereby an electrode life is prolonged.

Abstract: The invention concerns an anode for gas evolution in electrochemical applications comprising a titanium or other valve metal substrate characterized by a surface with a low average roughness, having a profile typical of a localized attack on the crystal grain boundary. The invention further describes a method for preparing the anodic substrate of the invention comprising a controlled etching in a sulfuric acid solution.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an ultra-thin copper foil with a carrier which comprises a release layer, a diffusion preventive layer and a copper electroplating layer laminated in this order, or a diffusion preventive layer, a release layer and a copper electroplating layer laminated in this order on the surface of a carrier foil, wherein a surface of the copper electroplating layer is roughened; a copper-clad laminated board comprising the ultra-thin copper foil with a carrier being laminated on a resin substrate; a printed wiring board comprising the copper-clad laminated board on the ultra-thin copper foil of which is formed a wiring pattern; and a multi-layered printed wiring board which comprising a plural number of the above printed wiring board being laminated.

Abstract: A method of locally repairing parts coated with a thermal barrier including a ceramic outer layer and a metal underlayer of alumina-forming alloy for protecting the substrate against oxidation and for bonding with the ceramic outer layer, includes: defining the zone for repair with a mechanical mask adapted to the shape of the part and the zone for repair; scouring the zone for repair so as to remove the ceramic, the alumina layer, and the damaged portions of the underlayer; supplying materials for repairing the underlayer to the repair zone by subjecting the partially-scoured part to metal deposition by use of an electrical current; and subjecting the part to a heat treatment in order to enable the added metals to diffuse into the remaining underlayer in the repair zone for repair and to enable a surface film of alumina to form. After the underlayer has been reconstituted, the zone for repair is again defined by a mechanical mask and a new ceramic layer is deposited thereon.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for manufacturing resistors integral with the printed circuit board by plating the resistors onto the insulative substrate. The invention uses a mask during the activation step so as to selectively activate only selected portions of the surface thus enabling smaller areas to be plated on the printed circuit board because no plating mask is used. The process of the instant invention produced printed circuit boards having greater uniformity and reliability as compared to the prior art.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an inductor includes the step of molding a magnetic material formed by kneading a magnetic material and a resin to form a magnetic material compact body in which the internal conductor is partially exposed from the external surface thereof. Then the surface of the magnetic material compact body is plated to form the external electrodes including a plated metal film and connected to the internal conductor. The surface of the magnetic material compact body is roughened, and then the external electrodes are formed via plating.

Abstract: A gas turbine blade which has previously been in service is protected by cleaning the gas turbine blade, and then first depositing a platinum first layer on the airfoil and the platform of the gas turbine blade. Thereafter, a platinum second layer is deposited over the platform but not the airfoil. A platinum-aluminide protective coating is formed by depositing an aluminum-containing layer overlying both the platform and the airfoil and interdiffusing the platinum and the aluminum.

Abstract: A cover structure for an electronic device includes a plastic cover, an aluminum or aluminum alloy layer on the plastic cover, and an oxide layer of aluminum or aluminum alloy on the aluminum or aluminum alloy layer. A method of manufacturing the cover structure includes: (1) injection molding the plastic cover; (2) forming the aluminum or aluminum alloy layer on the plastic cover; and (3) anodizing the aluminum or aluminum alloy layer to form an oxide layer thereof. The method also can include a step of coloring the oxide layer of aluminum or aluminum alloy. The cover structure thus formed has a metallic appearance with decorative colors or patterns, and is resistant to corrosion. The cover structure is not only very aesthetically pleasing to users but also durable.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate having an average curvature in a rolling direction of 1.5×10−3 mm−1 or less, a curvature distribution in a crosswise direction of 1.5×10−3 mm−1 or less, and a curvature in a direction perpendicular to said rolling direction of 1.0×10−3 mm−1 or less and a method for producing the printing plate are disclosed. A method for producing a support for a lithographic printing plate is also disclosed, which comprises roughening a surface of an aluminum web having a center line average surface roughness of 0.15 to 0.35 &mgr;m and a maximum surface roughness of 1 to 3.5 &mgr;m by at least one of mechanical surface roughening, chemical etching and electrochemical surface roughening, and then applying anodization thereto.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for producing an aluminum support for lithographic printing plates, comprising subjecting an aluminum plate in sequence to (1) a surface roughening treatment, (2) a heat treatment, (3) a treatment of dissolving from 0.01 to 5 g/m2 of said aluminum plate, and then (4) an anodization treatment; a method for producing an aluminum support for lithographic printing plates, comprising subjecting an aluminum plate to an electrochemical surface roughening treatment both before and after an electrolytic treatment in an aqueous neutral salt solution using the aluminum plate as a cathode.

Abstract: Methods of producing aluminum picture frames having two regions of different colors. Aluminum frame stock is coated with a colored maskant or paint. Selective regions of the coated frame stock are abraded, and then anodized and dyed a second color absorbed by the exposed regions. In a second embodiment, aluminum frame stock is etched, anodized, and dyed a first color. The frame stock is then selectively abraded to remove regions of the first color, and then anodized and dyed a second color so the abraded regions absorb the second color. In a third embodiment, the frame stock is first etched, anodized, and dyed a first color. Selective areas of the frame stock are protected using an etch-resistant mask and is then etched stripping the unmasked regions of the first color and then anodized again and dyed a second color absorbed by the unmasked regions. The mask is then chemically removed.

Abstract: The invention is relative to an electrode for gas evolution in electrolytic and electrometallurgical industrial applications, made of a metal substrate having a surface morphology characterized by a combination of micro-roughness and macro-roughness which favors high adherence of a superficial catalytic layer in order to prevent detachment of the same and passivation of the substrate even under critical operating conditions.

Abstract: A reflector plate is provided for scattering radiant heat energy in a semiconductor processing reactor chamber to achieve uniform temperature across a substrate to be processed. The surface is characterized by a plurality of adjoining depressions with substantially no planar sections among the depressions. The width to depth ratio for the depressions averages over 3:1. Crests separating the depressions define an angle of greater than about 60°, thus providing a relatively smooth texture for the reflecting surface. The reflecting surface is thus easy to clean. A method of manufacturing the reflector plate comprises removing material from a planar metal surface by ball-end milling. The depth of each depression and degree of overlap with adjacent depressions can randomly vary within selected ranges. A highly specular finish is then provided on the stippled surface by gold electroplating.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method for making both coarse-sided electrodeposition blades for cutting, for instance, semiconductor wafers. The apparatus comprises at least an electrolyte bath containing an electrodeposition object and pulverized grindstone in the electrolyte, an electrolytic metal immersed in the electrolyte, and an electric source whose positive and negative terminals are connected to the electrolytic metal and electrodeposition object, and the surface of the electrodeposition object, on which a required electro-deposit is to be formed, is of a predetermined coarseness.

Abstract: A surface processing method by blowing submicron particles is disclosed, in which submicron particles are blown against a surface of a work to deposit a layer of the material of the particles on a surface of the work, or etching the surface of the work.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the deposition of light-absorbing polyaniline, particularly on a titanium substrate, the process comprising: a fluoronitric etching, a chemical conversion treatment, a hydrolysis and a deposition of polyaniline by electropolymerization.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making an anodized aluminum susceptor capable of withstanding an elevated temperature of 590° C., or a temperature as high as 475° C. in the presence of an NF3 plasma, without peeling or cracking, which preferably comprises selecting a high purity or low magnesium aluminum alloy, roughening the surface of the alloy, and then anodizing the surface roughened alloy in an electrolyte comprising an organic acid to form the desired anodized aluminum oxide coating thereon. Further, the invention comprises a high purity or low magnesium aluminum alloy susceptor and an organic acid anodic coating thereon highly resistant to spalling or cracking at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A method for chromium plating a part made of titanium or titanium alloy eliminates the conventional chemical cleaning of the part prior to electroplating, and instead employs a mechanical cleaning of the part including degreasing the part and then grit-blasting the part with aluminum oxide particles. Immediately following the grit-blasting step, for example within one minute of its completion, the part is connected to the negative terminal of a DC power supply and is then immersed into a bath of chromium plating solution which contains an anode element connected to the positive terminal of the power supply. The part is left in the bath for a period of time so as to deposit a plating of chromium on the surface of the part. For final finishing of the part, a post-plating grinding operation is performed in which the surface speed of the grinding wheel is not greater than about 6500 surface feet per minute and the in-feed rate is less than about 0.

Abstract: Proposed is an improvement in the method for the preparation of a battery electrode consisting of a spongy metal sheet to serve as a substrate having a three-dimensional skeletal structure with intercommunicating open pores and an active material filling the open pores of the skeletal structure of the substrate.

Abstract: A method for coating metal cookware includes the steps of (1) cleaning a cooking surface of the metal cookware; (2) roughening the cooking surface by blasting aluminum oxide particles against the cleaned cooking surface; (3) forming a scratch-resistant layer on the roughened cooking surface by electric-arc spraying an aluminum alloy onto the roughened cooking surface, the scratch-resistant layer covering about 50-90% of the area of the roughened cooking surface; (4) forming an oxide film on the scratch-resistant layer and the roughened cooking surface by anodic oxidation; and (5) applying an anti-stick film of fluorocarbon resin on the oxide film.

Abstract: A coated article comprising a stainless steel base having an etched surface and having on the etched surface a coated layer. The coating layer may comprise a fluororesin and can be provided: after sensitizing the stainless steel base through heating, treating with an acid, subjecting to etching, and subjecting to a solution treatment; after immersing in an aqueous acid solution or an aqueous ferric chloride solution to cause the base to be dissolved to such an extent that the gloss of the surface disappears; after uniformly abrading the surface of the base through buffing or blasting to the weight corresponding to a thickness of 1.0 .mu.m or more of the base, immersing in an aqueous acid solution or an aqueous ferric chloride solution to cause the base to be dissolved to such an extent that the gloss of the surface disappears, and subjecting to etching; or after subjecting to electrolytic etching at 15.degree. C. or less.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for hardening a metallic part by shot blasting. In prior art hardening processes, debris from the projectiles is frequently encrusted on the surface of the part and forms indents whose bottom is often sharp and which may constitute a starting point for rupture caused by metal fatigue. The inventive process allows hardening without damaging the surface of the part. Prior to shot blasting, a metallic protection film which may, for example, be made of nickel or a nickel-base alloy, is electrolytically deposited on the part. The protection film is thick enough to adhere to the metallic part throughout the shot blasting step but thin enough to allow the shot blasting to work harden the part and to impart a residual compressive stress thereto. After the shot blasting is completed, the protection film is removed.

Abstract: A method for coating a metal cookware includes the steps of (A) cleaning the metal cookware; (B) forming a scratch-resistant oxide film on the cooking surface by anodic oxidation; (C) roughening the scratch-resistant oxide film by blasting to form a roughened surface thereon, the roughened surface having valleys extending into the cooking surface; and (D) applying an anti-stick film of fluorocarbon resin on the roughened surface.

Abstract: A process for forming a bearing surface on an aluminum alloy article including the steps peening the surface, anodizing the surface, and washing the anodized surface with a boehmite inhibiting agent.

Abstract: Aluminum articles are provided with enhanced surface protection by initially abrading the surface to produce a surface microroughness of 400-700 microinches (RMS), and hard anodizing the roughened surface to a depth of at least 0.0020 inch. The anodized surface is then coated with a protective material to a thickness of 0.0005-0.015 inch. The protective coating materials may be fusible polymers which are fused on the surface or fluid organic coating compositions which are dried on the surface.

Abstract: An electrodeposition method wherein a conductive substrate such as, for example, a metal fastener is first coated by means of an anodic electrodeposition process, then subjected to thermal curing, and then subjected to a cathodic electrodeposition process. The anodic electrodeposition process is carried out until the coating insulates the substrate at which point the coating process stops. The curing step lowers the dielectric strength of the anodically deposited coating, thereby allowing the substrate to accept a cathodically deposited top coat. The resultant coated substrate demonstrates superior corrosion resistance properties and improved cosmetic appeal.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of forming an adhesion promoting oxide surface on titanium in which the titanium surface is first abraded and then anodized in hydrofluoric acid free chromic acid.