Abstract: An electrochemical biosensor for quantifying one or more redox species in a liquid sample comprising a background electrochemical activity, wherein said biosensor comprises: (i) an electrode system; (ii) a filter means comprising a sample loading position; and (iii) a charge transfer surface between said filter means and said electrode system; wherein said filter means separates said sample loading position from said charge transfer surface by an amount of filter material capable of providing a tangential peak height for said background electrochemical activity of less than 30% of the tangential peak height for said redox species; and said biosensor comprises an intermediate layer between said filter means and said charge transfer surface, wherein said intermediate layer has a lower energy requirement to transfer said liquid sample to said charge transfer surface than said filter material.

Abstract: Suppressor and anti-suppressor additives in an acid copper sulfate plating bath are analyzed by the cyclic voltammetric stripping (CVS) method without cleaning or rinsing the cell between the two analyses. The suppressor analysis is performed first and the suppressor concentration in the resulting measurement solution is adjusted to a predetermined value corresponding to full suppression. This fully-suppressed solution is then used as the background electrolyte for the anti-suppressor analysis. This integrated analysis approach provides results comparable to those obtained with cell cleaning and rinsing between the analyses but significantly reduces the analysis time, consumption of expensive chemicals, and quantity of hazardous waste generated.

Abstract: A counter electrode for use in an electrochemical cell suitable for analysis of an electroplating composition, the counter electrode comprising a conductor; a sheath disposed about the conductor; an electrolyte disposed within the sheath; and an optionally porous element on the sheath, the porous element providing signal communication between the electrolyte and an analyte.

Abstract: The subject invention comprises electrochemical methods and devices for in vitro detection of an ischemic event in a patient sample. Following addition of a known amount of a transition metal ion to the patient sample, electrodes are used to measure the current or potential difference of non-sequestered transition metal ion in the sample. The amount of non-sequestered transition metal ion in the sample reflects the degree of modification to albumin that is the result of an ischemic event.

Abstract: A sensor comprises: a pump cell comprising an inner pump electrode, an outer pump electrode, a pump cell electrolyte layer interposed between the inner pump electrode and the outer pump electrode and a cell isolation layer disposed on the inner pump electrode on a side opposite the pump cell electrolyte, wherein the outer electrode is in fluid communication with a reducing gas. A reference cell is in operable communication with the pump cell, the reference cell comprising an outer reference electrode and an inner reference electrode, and a reference cell electrolyte interposed between the outer reference electrode and the inner reference electrode.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a measurement gas chamber into which a measurement gas is introduced. An oxygen pumping cell adjusts an oxygen concentration in the measurement gas chamber. An oxygen monitor cell has a monitor electrode exposed in the measurement gas chamber. The monitor electrode has an oxidizing activity with respect to a specific component of the measurement gas. A sensor cell has a sensor electrode exposed in the measurement gas chamber. The sensor electrode has an oxidizing activity with respect to the specific component of the measurement gas which is lower than the oxidizing activity of the monitor electrode. An oxygen-ion current in the oxygen monitor cell is detected. An oxygen-ion current in the sensor cell is detected. A concentration of the specific component of the measurement gas is detected from a relation between the detected oxygen-ion currents in the oxygen monitor cell and the sensor cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining organic additive concentrations in a sample electrolytic solution, preferably a copper electroplating solution, by measuring the double layer capacitance of a measuring electrode in such sample solution. Specifically, the present invention utilizes the correlation between double layer capacitance and the organic additive concentration for concentration mapping, based on the double layer capacitance measured for the sample electrolytic solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for the simultaneous and rapid determination of CoQ10 and CoQ10H2 concentrations in human samples using HPLC-EC. The electrochemical reactions are monitored at electrodes that measure the current produced by the reduction of the hydroquinone group of CoQ10 or by the oxidation of the hydroquinol group of CoQ10H2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining concentrations of various organic additives in metal electroplating solutions, by utilizing a mathematical correction model in combination with the conventional PCGA chrono-potentiometric analysis method, to eliminate the interaction between the observed electrochemical behavior of various organic additives, and to achieve accurate concentration determination of such additives.

Abstract: Electrochemical test strip cards that can be singulated to produce electrochemical test strips are provided. The electrochemical test cards are made up of two or more electrochemical test strip precursors, where each precursor is characterized by the presence of a dry reagent housing reaction chamber bounded by opposing electrodes. In gaseous communication with each reaction chamber of the card is an integrated desiccant. Also provided are methods of using the subject electrochemical test strips cards, as well as kits that include the same. The subject test strips and cards find use in the detection/concentration determination of a number of different analytes, including glucose.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor determining the concentration of oxidizable gas components which has an electrochemical measuring cell having a measuring electrode and a reference electrode. Measuring electrode is made of a material which is not able, or not completely able to catalyze the establishment of gas equilibrium. In addition to the electrochemical measuring cell, at least one electrochemical pumping cell, having at least one inner pumping electrode, is provided, which, together with measuring electrode, is positioned in a measuring gas compartment. Oxygen is pumped into or out of measuring gas compartment by pumping cell, the partial pressure of oxygen in measuring gas compartment being set to a lambda value of ?1.3.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating an aqueous electroplating bath solution. The method comprises continuously agitating the solution; adjusting the pH of the solution, adjusting the temperature of the solution while adding an amount of hydrogen peroxide sufficient to promote dissolution of the hydrogen peroxide and generation of hydroxyl radicals; and adding an amount of an iron-containing compound so as to increase the rate of dissolution of the hydrogen peroxide to hydroxyl radicals so as to oxidize the organic compounds; whereby the total amount of organic carbon compounds in the solution is reduced. The apparatus comprises a treatment vessel, a pump for transferring a portion of the solution from the vessel to a mixing tank and for transferring a second portion of the solution to a heat exchanger for heating or cooling the second portion of the solution and a pump for transferring hydrogen peroxide to the vessel.

Abstract: A gas concentration measuring apparatus which has a gas sensor designed to measure, for example, the concentrations of O2 and HOx contained in exhaust emissions of an automotive engine is provided. The apparatus includes a signal processing circuit which converts a current signal outputted from the gas sensor as a function of the concentration of either of O2 and NOx into a voltage signal. The gas sensor and the signal processing circuit are connected electrically through a conductor. The conductor has a length which is determined as a function of a level of the current signal outputted from the gas sensor. The weaker the level of the current signal is, the shorter the length of the conductor. This minimizes addition of electrical noises to the current signal outputted from the gas sensor.

Abstract: A simple analytical method for determining antioxidant level in food product and body fluids such as urine is based on reduction of elemental iodine. The method adds an aqueous solution of iodine and an iodophor to the sample to be tested. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is a preferred iodophor. Antioxidant materials in the sample reduce the elemental iodine and the reaction is monitored by measuring either a decrease in iodine or an increase in iodide ion. A preferred method of practicing the invention is to measure the change in iodide ion with an ion selective electrode and an appropriate electronic meter. The method rapidly and inexpensively produces antioxidant measurements that are comparable to those produced by my more complex and cumbersome methods.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for determining the quantity of leveler in an electroplating bath in the presence of other organic additives, such as accelerators, brighteners and suppressors. Such methods are fast, work over a broad concentration range of components and can be performed in real-time.

Abstract: Enantiomeric resolution is realized by combining an electrochemical method with ligand exchange (LE) in a novel electrochemical method named chiral ligand exchange potentiometry. Chiral selector ligands preferentially recognize certain enantiomers and undergo ligand exchange with the enantiomeric labile coordination complexes to form diastereoisomeric complexes. These complexes can form in solution and be recognized by an unmodified electrode, or they can be immobilized on the surface of a modified electrode (chiral sensor) incorporated with the chiral selector ligand by polysiloxane monolayer immobilization (PMI). Considerable stereoselectivity occurs in the formation of these diastereoisomeric complexes, and their net charges (Nernst factors) are different, thus enabling enantiomers to be distinguished by potentiometric electrodes without any pre-separation processes.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide an electro-analytical method for determining the concentration of an organic additive in an acidic or basic metal plating bath using an organic chemical analyzer. The method includes preparing a supporting-electrolyte solution, preparing a testing solution including the supporting-electrolyte solution and a standard solution, measuring an electrochemical response of the supporting-electrolyte solution using the organic chemical analyzer, and implementing an electro-analytical technique to determine the concentration of the organic additive in the plating bath from the electrochemical response measurements. The method is performed for independently analyzing one organic additive component in a plating bath containing multi-component organic additives, regardless of knowledge of the concentration of other organic additives and with minimal interference among organic additives.

Abstract: A hand-held portable drug monitoring system to detect and quantitate cocaine and other organic drugs in saliva, sweat, and surface wipes by using an ion selective electrode or an array of ion selective electrodes. The ion selective electrode has a cast membrane reference electrode and a sensing electrode with a hydrophobic polymer, a plasticizer, and an ionophore selective for the organic drug to be tested. The ion selective electrode can be connected to a converter that coverts a voltage reading from the ion selective electrode to a quantitative drug concentration level. Also disclosed is the related method of using an ion selective electrode to detect an organic drug in saliva, sweat, and surface wipes, the method of testing electrical contact in an ion selective electrode, and the method of making a cast membrane reference electrode.

Abstract: Relative concentrations of active suppressor additive species and suppressor breakdown contaminants in an acid copper electroplating bath are determined by cyclic voltammetric stripping (CVS) dilution titration analysis using two negative electrode potential limits. The analysis results for the more negative potential limit provide a measure of the suppressor additive concentration alone since the suppressor breakdowvn contaminants are not effective at suppressing the copper deposition rate at the more negative potentials. The analysis results for the less negative potential limit provide a measure of the combined concentrations of the suppressor additive and the suppressor breakdown contaminants. Comparison of the results for the two analyses yields a measure of the concentration of the suppressor breakdown contaminants relative to the suppressor additive concentration.

Abstract: The glucose concentration in a whole blood sample may be determined by providing an electrochemical sensor adapted to measure glucose and hematocrit concentrations. The hematocrit concentration of the whole blood sample is measured using the electrochemical sensor via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The initial glucose concentration of the whole blood sample is measured using the electrochemical sensor. The unbiased glucose concentration in the whole blood sample is calculated using the initial glucose concentration measurement and the hematocrit concentration.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal electrode stabilised by a coating, the coating comprising a sulfur containing moiety in its molecular structure. The coating may also include a hydrophilic group and a spacer between the sulfur containing moiety and the hydrophilic group. Preferably, the sulphur-containing moiety is selected from the group comprising thiol, disulphide and SOx, and the hydrophilic group is selected from the group comprising hydroxyl, amine, carboxyl, carbonyl, oligo (ethylene oxide) chain, and zwitterionic species. Compounds useful in the present invention include 2-mercaptoethanol, 2-mercaptoethylamine, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, thiophene, 4-carboxythiophene, cysteine, homocysteine, and cystine.

Abstract: The concentration of a reducing agent in an electroless bath for plating a first metal is determined from the effect of the reducing agent on the electrodeposition rate of a second metal. For electroless cobalt and nickel baths, a sample of the electroless plating bath is added to an acid copper plating solution and the copper electrodeposition rate is measured by cyclic voltammetric stripping (CVS) analysis. Separate analyses for hypophosphite and dimethylamineborane in baths employing both reducing agents are attained via selective decomposition of the dimethylamineborane in acidic solution.

Abstract: A polymeric gas sensor utilizes a variety of electrode geometries to generate varied responses to selective gases. The characteristic response to various gases of each electrode geometry permits the construction of a gas sensor having desirable and reproducible characteristic responses to specific gases. The gas sensor array of the invention produces characteristic responses from a plurality of sensors. These responses collectively produce a characteristic response pattern that can be used for the identification of specific gases with pattern recognition techniques.

Abstract: A method for determining the quantity and identity of an electrochemically convertible substance in a gas sample. The substance is converted in an electrochemical sensor producing an electrical output. The characteristic parameters of a curve-defining equation y(t)=k×(e−axt−e−bxt) are calculated based on three measurements of output at times t, 2t and 4t. The integral under all or part of the curve is calculated to determine the quantity of the substance. The equation parameters are compared with standard values to determine the identity of the substance.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor for detecting the presence and amount of acetate in cell culture and fermentation media. The electrochemical sensor has a pH electrode, an internal reference electrode, a special high-tensile strength gas permeable membrane, and internal reference electrolyte such that acetate concentration can be measured using a pretreatment buffer having a pH of about 5.5.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon sensor of the present invention includes a substrate made of a solid electrolyte that conducts protons, and a pair of electrodes formed on the substrate, and at least one electrode of the pair of electrodes contains Au and Al. Assuming that a content of an Al simple substance in one of the pair of electrodes is “a” mol %, and a content of aluminum oxide therein is “b” mol %, “a” and “b” satisfy a relationship: a+2b≦7.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method for measuring the level of an oxidant or antioxidant analyte in a fluid sample. The device comprises a disposable electrochemical cell, such as a thin layer electrochemical cell, containing a reagent capable of undergoing a redox reaction with the analyte. When the device or method is to be used with slow-reacting analytes, heat may be applied to the sample by a resistive heating element in the device or by an exothermic material contained within the electrochemical cell. Application of heat will accelerate the rate of the redox reaction between the reagent and the analyte and thus facilitate the electrochemical measurement of slow-reacting analytes.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for measuring the concentration of a low molecular weight alcohol, such as methanol, in an aqueous solution. The method uses a fuel cell sensor that includes an anode chamber for electrochemical oxidation of the methanol, a cathode chamber for electrochemical reduction of oxygen; a proton conducting membrane arranged between the anode and cathode; and a voltmeter operatively connected to the anode and cathode chambers. An aqueous solution of the methanol is fed to the anode chamber while the fuel cell sensor is operated at an open circuit state, thereby allowing the methanol to crossover to the cathode where it is oxidized. The open circuit voltage across the anode and the cathode is measured using the voltmeter and the concentration of the methanol is determined from the open circuit voltage.

Abstract: The concentration of a leveler in a plating liquid that is used by a plating apparatus for filling metal such as copper in interconnection trenches and holes defined in the surface of a semiconductor substrate or the like is determined based on a peak area (Ar value) in a peel-off region of the plating liquid measured according to a CV or CVS process.

Abstract: A monitoring method and system to monitor an environment in which an object is located includes monitoring one or more environmental factors associated with corrosion of materials in the environment. Thereafter, an exposure index representative of cumulative exposure of the object to the one or more environmental factors is determined. For example, such environmental factors may include chloride ion concentration, pH level, humidity, and temperature.

Abstract: Electrochemical sensor for determining analyte in the presence of interferent, particularly carbon monoxide in the presence of hydrogen. An electrochemical cell is designed so that current flow resulting from reference electrode potential shift caused by interferent cancels out the current flow caused by interferent at the working electrode. Another electrochemical cell corrects for interferent concentration using the potential difference between a reference electrode in contact with interferent and a referent electrode not affected by inteferent.

Abstract: A method for determining a urea concentration in an aqueous solution containing urea, includes: hydrolyzing the urea in the aqueous solution, measuring an electric conductivity &khgr; of the aqueous solution, and determining the urea concentration in the aqueous solution from the electric conductivity &khgr; using a correlation between the urea concentration and an electric conductivity.

Abstract: A mixed potential electrochemical sensor for the detection of gases has a ceria-based electrolyte with a surface for exposing to the gases to be detected, and with a reference wire electrode and a sensing wire electrode extending through the surface and fixed within the electrolyte as the electrolyte is compressed and sintered. The electrochemical sensor is formed by placing a wire reference electrode and a wire sensing electrode in a die, where each electrode has a first compressed planar section and a second section depending from the first section with the second section of each electrode extending axially within the die. The die is filled with an oxide-electrolyte powder and the powder is pressed within the die with the wire electrodes. The wire-electrodes and the pressed oxide-electrolyte powder are sintered to form a ceramic electrolyte base with a reference wire electrode and a sensing wire electrode depending therefrom.

Abstract: A method for determining the quantity and identity of an electrochemically convertible substance in a gas sample. The substance is converted in an electrochemical sensor producing an electrical output. The characteristic parameters of a curve-defining equation y(t)=k×(e−axt−e−bxt) are calculated based on three measurements of output at times t, 2t, and 4t. The integral under all or part of the curve is calculated to determine the quantity of the substance. The equation parameters are compared with standard values to determine the identity of the substance.

Abstract: An electrochemical analysis system includes a chamber (34) that defines a fluid receiving reservoir therein. A working electrode (40), a reference electrode (42), and a counter electrode (44) is mounted to the chamber. An electrochemical analysis circuit (38) applies appropriate voltages to the electrodes and reads appropriate currents from the electrodes to provide an indication of the peroxyacetic acid concentration in a sample. The working electrode includes a glassy carbon rod (60) which is surrounded by a compressible polymeric sleeve (64) and a metal sleeve (66). One end of the metal sleeve is swaged (68) to form a fluid tight compression seal with the insulating sleeve and the glassy carbon rod. An electrically conductive thermal extension joint between the glassy carbon rod and an electrically conductive rod (70) includes a bore (72) in the conductive rod in which the glassy carbon rod is slidably received and a compressed spring (74) in the bore.

Abstract: Organic addition agents in copper plating baths are monitored by diluting a sample of the bath with sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid and optionally a cupric salt. The diluting provides a bath having conventional concentrations of cupric ion, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid; and adjusted concentrations of the organic addition agents of 1/X of their original values in the sample; where X is the dilution factor. CVS techniques are used to determine concentrations of organic addition agents.

Abstract: A gas sensor is disclosed comprising an oxygen pump cell having at least one exterior pump electrode and at least one interior pump electrode disposed on opposite sides of a first solid electrolyte layer. An emf cell having a first and second emf electrodes and first and second reference gas electrodes are disposed on opposite sides of a second solid electrolyte layer. At least one insulating layer is in contact with the first and second emf electrodes. At least one via hole is disposed through the first solid electrolyte layer. At least one air channel is disposed through at least one insulating layer. An air vent is disposed in at least one insulating layer in contact with the first and second reference gas electrodes. A heater is disposed in thermal communication with the sensor. And at least five electrical leads are in electrical communication with said sensor. A method of using a gas sensor is also disclosed.

Abstract: Acid copper electroplating baths used to form ultra-fine circuitry features on semiconductor chips contain suppressor, anti-suppressor and leveler additives that must be closely controlled in order to obtain acceptable copper deposits. Cyclic voltammetric stripping (CVS) methods are available to measure the concentrations of the suppressor and anti-suppressor based on the effects of these additives on the copper electrodeposition rate. The present invention is a method that also uses measurements of the copper electrodeposition rate to determine the concentration of the leveler additive. The other two additives are included in the measurement solution at concentrations determined to provide the optimum compromise between minimal interference, high sensitivity and good reproducibility for the leveler analysis.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor (A, A′) is specific for the detection of peroxyacetic acid in a solution which also contains hydrogen peroxide. A potential is applied between a reference electrode (120, 120′) and a working electrode (118, 118′). A read voltage (FIG. 7) is selectively pulsed across a counter electrode (122, 122′) and the working electrode. The current flowing between the working electrode and the counter electrode is dependent on the peroxyacetic acid concentration in the solution (FIG. 6). By careful selection of the read voltage, the contribution of hydrogen peroxide to the current flow is virtually negligible. The sensor effectively measures peroxyacetic acid concentrations in the range generally employed in sterilization and disinfection baths (100-3000 ppm.).

Abstract: An ultraviolet light measuring chip and a sensor are provided simple in structure, easy to handle and of high precise measurement. The chip comprises a first reaction chamber for detection of total received light and a second reaction chamber for detection of ultraviolet-cut received light. The first and second chambers contain or hold therein counter and reference electrodes immersed in coexistent electrolyte solution containing quinone, organic solvent and electrolyte the solution being also contained the chambers. The first chamber has a total light transmission window and a first working electrode immersed in the electrolyte solution. The second chamber has an ultraviolet-cut light transmission window and a second working electrode immersed in the electrolyte solution. The sensor is adapted to sweep voltages of the first and second working electrodes to the respective reference electrodes, detect respective currents and calculate out an amount of ultraviolet light from difference of the detected currents.

Abstract: A gas concentration measuring apparatus which has a gas sensor designed to measure, for example, the concentrations of O2 and HOx contained in exhaust emissions of an automotive engine is provided. The apparatus includes a signal processing circuit which converts a current signal outputted from the gas sensor as a function of the concentration of either of O2 and HOx into a voltage signal. The gas sensor and the signal processing circuit are connected electrically through a conductor. The conductor has a length which is determined as a function of a level of the current signal outputted from the gas sensor. The weaker the level of the current signal is, the shorter the length of the conductor. This minimizes addition of electrical noises to the current signal outputted from the gas sensor.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a measurement gas chamber into which a measurement gas is introduced. An oxygen pumping cell adjusts an oxygen concentration in the measurement gas chamber. An oxygen monitor cell has a monitor electrode exposed in the measurement gas chamber. The monitor electrode has an oxidizing activity with respect to a specific component of the measurement gas. A sensor cell has a sensor electrode exposed in the measurement gas chamber. The sensor electrode has an oxidizing activity with respect to the specific component of the measurement gas which is lower than the oxidizing activity of the monitor electrode. An oxygen-ion current in the oxygen monitor cell is detected. An oxygen-ion current in the sensor cell is detected. A concentration of the specific component of the measurement gas is detected from a relation between the detected oxygen-ion currents in the oxygen monitor cell and the sensor cell.

Abstract: The measuring range of a fuel cell based concentration sensor can be extended by decreasing the load across the fuel cell terminals and by increasing the amount of oxidant supplied to the fuel cell. In this way, such a sensor avoids saturation, for example, when measuring methanol concentrations from 0 M to over 4 M in liquid aqueous solution. Such a sensor is suitable for use in measuring fuel concentrations in the recirculating fuel stream of certain fuel cell stacks (for example, direct methanol fuel cell stacks).

Abstract: A method and device for the detection of substances such as nitrotoluene, trinitrotoluene, dinitrotoluene, or derivatives, wherein a working electrode and an opposing electrode are contacted with the substance via a viscous electrolyte layer and a voltage is applied to the working electrode whose value is increased and decreased at least once with substantially equal beginning and end values within a predetermined time period, wherein the current strength is determined during this at least one measurement cycle in dependence on the applied voltage, is distinguished in that a plurality of measurement cycles are scanned, and differences of current values of sequential measurement cycles are determined and, in the event of the occurrence of a cathode current maximum, the associated voltage value is determined, held constant and the current strength extracted.

Abstract: To determine the oxidizable portion of exhaust gases in the presence of the reducible portion with the legally required precision, a method and a sensor are disclosed for analyzing a flow of exhaust gas components. The sensor includes a limit current measurer, one limit current pump for reducible gases and, downstream from this pump in the direction of diffusion, another limit pump for oxidizable gases. The electrodes of the limit current pump for reducible gases are made of a material that does not catalyze the reaction between oxidizable and reducible gases.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for analyzing additive breakdown products in electroplating baths as well as methods of controlling the presence of such breakdown products in electroplating baths.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor for detecting the presence and amount of acetate in cell culture and fermentation media. The electrochemical sensor has a pH electrode, an internal reference electrode, a special high-tensile strength gas permeable membrane, and internal reference electrolyte such that acetate concentration can be measured using a pretreatment buffer having a pH of about 5.5.

Abstract: A sensor outputs a signal related to a concentration of methanol in an aqueous solution adjacent the sensor. A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is included with an anode side and a cathode side. An anode current collector supports the anode side of the MEA and has a flow channel therethrough for flowing a stream of the aqueous solution and forms a physical barrier to control access of the methanol to the anode side of the MEA. A cathode current collector supports the cathode side of the MEA and is configured for air access to the cathode side of the MEA. A current sensor is connected to measure the current in a short circuit across the sensor electrodes to provide an output signal functionally related to the concentration of methanol in the aqueous solution.

Abstract: A small volume sensor, and methods of making, for determining the concentration of an analyte, such as glucose or lactate, in a biological fluid, such as blood or serum, using techniques such as coulometry, amperometry, and potentiometry. The sensor includes a working electrode and a counter electrode, and can include an insertion monitoring trace to determine correct positioning of the sensor in a connector.

Abstract: A simple analytical method for determining antioxidant level in food product and body fluids such as urine is based on reduction of elemental iodine. The method adds an aqueous solution of iodine and an iodophor to the sample to be tested. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is a preferred iodophor. Antioxidant materials in the sample reduce the elemental iodine and the reaction is monitored by measuring either a decrease in iodine or an increase in iodide ion. A preferred method of practicing the invention is to measure the change in iodide ion with an ion selective electrode and an appropriate electronic meter. The method rapidly and inexpensively produces antioxidant measurements that are comparable to those produced by my more complex and cumbersome methods.