Abstract: Containment systems and methods safely and permanently encapsulate a sharp portion of a sharp medical instrument (e.g. a hypodermic needle). The containment system includes a cap or other container formed of a durable and flexible material and having a rim defining an open end configured to receive the sharp portion therein and an adhesive disposed on an interior surface of the container. The method of use includes inserting the sharp medical instrument into the container, and compressing the sides of the container to permanently encapsulate the sharp portion of the medical instrument within the adhesive. The adhesive may be an adhesive tape and may be protected before use by a covering, which may be removed at the time of use by pulling a pull tab extending from an opening in the container.

Abstract: A medical device assembly is disclosed, comprising a medical device, preferably having a hydrophilic surface coating, and a package accommodating said medical device. The package if formed of two sheets of foil material, a first foil of which has been deep drawn into a trough shape, the package further comprising a resealable opening arranged within the bounds of the second foil. The medical device may e.g. be a urinary catheter.

Abstract: A catheter product package and method of forming same in which the package comprises a sheet material wrapped about the catheter product to form a package for the catheter product. The catheter product extends generally longitudinally within the package, and the sheet material extends from a point beyond the proximal end to a point beyond the distal end of the catheter product. The sheet material of the package is wrapped about the catheter product in a mariner defining confronting proximal end edges, confronting distal end edges, and confronting side edges. The confronting proximal end edges, distal end edges and side edges of the sheet material are joined by a seal after the sheet material is wrapped about the catheter product to define a sealed cavity. The sheet material has a tear strip affixed to it which causes the sheet material to tear along the tear strip to thereby cause the package to open along an intended opening line.

Abstract: Multi-compartment interventional wire and catheter storage systems are disclosed. According to an aspect, a storage system includes a bottom wall and a side wall. The side wall includes an upper end and an opposing lower end attached to the bottom wall. The side wall defines multiple interior passageways between the upper and lower ends. Further, the side wall defines multiple openings at the upper end. Each opening extends to a respective one of the interior passageways for storage of elongated flexible members, such as catheters and guide wires.

Abstract: A package for a catheter is provided. The package includes a container with a first cavity and a second cavity. The cavities are configured so as to prevent liquid swelling medium stored in the container from travelling from the second cavity into the first cavity and out through an opening into the container. Thus, the position of the cavities with respect to each other allows them to function as a water-lock.

Abstract: A storage case (100) for storing a pharmaceutical syringe unit (4) that is mounted to a pharmaceutical administering device (8) comprises a base body (1) that is open at its upper face, and a cover (2) for covering the opening in the base body (1). The base body (1) has in its interior a concave portion (5) that holds the cylindrical pharmaceutical syringe unit (4). The concave portion (5) has holders (6) that hold two ends of the pharmaceutical syringe unit (4), and a center concave portion (7) for attaching and removing the pharmaceutical syringe unit (4) and being provided in a position that corresponds to the main body portion of a stored pharmaceutical syringe unit (4). The center concave portion (7) further has a bottom part positioned lower than the holders (6), and is formed such that the pharmaceutical administering device (8) can be disposed in an upright position.

Abstract: A medical device package includes a medical device including a first end surface and a second end surface; and a medical device storage container configured to store the medical device, the medical device storage container including a container main body and a holding unit located in the storage space, and configured to hold the medical device such that the first end surface faces upward; and a sheet-like sealing member adapted to be glued to the container main body to seal an opening of the container main body. A surface of the sealing member that faces the container main body includes an adhesive applied area on which an adhesive is applied and an adhesive non-applied area on which the adhesive is not applied, the adhesive non-applied area being an area facing at least the first end surface of the medical device held by the holding unit.

Abstract: A sharps container 10, 20 for used syringes is disclosed which can withstand a crushing force in the direction of the longitudinal axis of a syringe 15 without the needle 11 of the syringe penetrating the base 7 of the container. Instead the container has a portion 120, 22A of reduced wall thickness which concertinas (or zig zags) when such a crushing force is applied.

Abstract: An apparatus for the prevention of sharps injuries, and more particularly sharps injuries caused by needle sticks, scalpel blades, hobby blades and the like, is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an instrument holder, sharps protector, passing aid, and safety transport apparatus that is simple to fabricate and inexpensive, and that accepts sharps of varying size. In particular, the apparatus will accept needles and particularly, bent needles. Further, the apparatus will hold a needle used in multiple injections and which will not dull the needle tip or contaminate the needle tip or the needle.

Abstract: A device for the medical treatment is provided which includes not only a function for applying turning force to a guide wire but also a function for inserting an end portion of the guide wire into an opening of a catheter and therefore is excellent in workability. In one form, a device for the medical treatment includes a guide wire connecting section capable of being connected to a guide wire to apply turning force to the guide wire, and a catheter connecting section to which a catheter can be connected and which can relatively move toward and away from the guide wire connecting section.

Abstract: Medicine storage arrangement methods of assembly and use are described. The arrangements include a multi-chamber pill dispensing arrangement; and, a holder arrangement for an alternate medical dispenser, such a medicine dispensing pen or a syringe. Methods of assembly and use are described.

Abstract: Described herein are pharmaceutical packaging systems which prevent oxidative degradation of oxygen-sensitive drugs, such systems including a primary packaging container with an oxygen permeable component, a secondary packaging with very low permeability to oxygen and an oxygen absorber.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a packaged urinary catheter. The catheter includes a conduit having a proximal end and a distal end. The distal end includes at least one aperture for receiving urine from the bladder. The catheter is contained within a sleeve having a length, a width, and a size configured to receive the catheter. According to one embodiment, the catheter and the sleeve may be arranged in a helical coil. The outer surface of the catheter may have a lubricious and/or an antimicrobial coating.

Abstract: A package for a medical device having an elongated shaft and a proximal luer fitting includes a one-piece body formed as a single structure via blow molding. The blow-molded one-piece body includes at least a spiral casing formed therein, the spiral casing defining a spiral lumen configured to receive the elongated shaft of the medical device. Webbing is disposed between adjacent curved portions of the spiral casing. The one-piece body formed via blow-molding may also include a removable reversible loading tube, a luer retainer, a cannula holder, one or more slots for attaching an information card thereto, a fastener for clipping the medical device thereto, and a compartment for holding an oxygen scavenger. Further, the one-piece body formed via blow-molding may include non-circular lumens and may be configured to receive multiple medical devices.

Abstract: A compact packaged intermittent urinary catheter having a longitudinally elongated intermittent urinary catheter retained within a longitudinally compacted elastic package. A method of using the catheter wherein at least a portion of the package is used as a drainage tube for the catheter.

Abstract: A container for medical products has at least one chamber. At least two lyophilized active substances and/or auxiliary substances are jointly present in the at least one chamber.

Abstract: A tray (100) for accommodating a coiled medical device, such as a catheter assembly (700), includes a first compartment (101), a second compartment (102), and a third compartment (103). The catheter assembly (700) and devices associated with a catheterization procedure, such as syringes (701,702) containing sterile water and lubricating jelly and a specimen container (703) can be disposed within the tray. A first barrier (105) and second barrier (106) separate the compartments. The barriers can have openings (121,122) therein to accommodate large syringes or to enable the first compartment (101) to be used as a lubricant applicator for the catheter. The first compartment (101) can include a stair-stepped contour (115) such that the syringes are held at different depths to facilitate ease of use. The various devices can be disposed within the tray (100) in accordance with their order of use in the catheterization procedure.

Abstract: A tray (100) for accommodating a coiled medical device, such as a catheter assembly (700), includes a first compartment (101), a second compartment (102), and a third compartment (103). The catheter assembly (700) and devices associated with a catheterization procedure, such as syringes (701,702) containing sterile water and lubricating jelly and a specimen container (703) can be disposed within the tray. A first barrier (105) and second barrier (106) separate the compartments. The barriers can have openings (121,122) therein to accommodate large syringes or to enable the first compartment (101) to be used as a lubricant applicator for the catheter. The first compartment (101) can include a stair-stepped contour (115) such that the syringes are held at different depths to facilitate ease of use. The various devices can be disposed within the tray (100) in accordance with their order of use in the catheterization procedure.

Abstract: A vapor hydrated packaged catheter assembly and method of manufacturing and distributing same includes a gas impermeable package housing a catheter within a catheter-receiving cavity. The catheter assembly has a hydrophilic coating applied to at least a portion of the outer surface of a catheter tube or shaft which may be surrounded by a sleeve to provide a no-touch, sure grip feature. The catheter assembly is disposed within the catheter receiving cavity of the package together with a limited amount of a vapor donating liquid provided as a source of vapor to activate the hydrophilic coating. The amount of vapor donating liquid is less than the amount that would otherwise be sufficient to cause a spill hazard. It may be loose liquid as a desired percentage of the volume of a tube-receiving portion of the catheter receiving cavity of the package, or it may be contained in a liquid sequestering element.

Abstract: The present invention is a packaged system that includes a housing to protect a treatment device mounted on a distal portion of a catheter. The housing holds the device suspended such that there is little or no contact between the housing and the device, protecting the device from physical damage and also from exchange of chemical components between the device and the packaging materials, which can occur when a device remains in contact with packaging materials over an extended period of time. A port in the housing allows a controlled environment, for example a vacuum, to be maintained within the housing. A hollow stylet inserted into the distal end of the catheter before the catheter is placed in the housing precludes compression of the catheter and provides an injection port through which the catheter may be flushed with a fluid prior to use, eliminating the need for a separate flushing cannula.

Abstract: The medical container includes a container body having a proximal end opening, a proximal-end edge portion surrounding the proximal end opening, a plug body sealing a mouth section; a bag body including an edge portion fixed in a fluid-tight manner to the proximal-end edge portion, and a flexible reversing part surrounded by the edge portion. In a first state, the reversing part expands toward a distal end side and in a second state the reversing part expands toward a proximal end side. The medical container further includes a protection cover which can take a proximal end side mounting state in which the protection cover is mounted on the container body so as to cover the proximal end opening, and a distal end side mounting state in which the protection cover is mounted on the container body so as to cover the mouth section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tip cap assembly for closing a distal opening of a receptacle like a syringe body or a tube in a sealed manner, and to a method for producing the tip cap. A cap assembly according to the invention comprises a frangible tip of a receptacle, preferably a pre-filled receptacle. An upper portion of the tip closes the receptacle respectively a lower tip portion comprising a passage as known from the state of the art. Hence, the receptacle is reliably sealed to prevent contamination or loss of the medication. Compared with the state of the art, a receptacle has a more effectively sealed tip. It is necessary to break the upper tip portion away in order to open the receptacle. A cap element protects the tip on one side. On the other side, unscrewing the cap breaks the upper portion away without hurting a person.

Abstract: A packaged incontinence treatment device includes a catheter enclosed in a package having a closure jaw. The package has a lower portion coupled to an upper portion by a hinge plate that forms a rear wall of the package. The hinge plate allows the upper portion to pivot away from the lower portion to open the package. The closure jaw includes a first wall that is attached to the lower portion by a hinge line and an overlap wall that is attached to the first wall by a front wall. The overlap wall is releasably secured to the upper portion of the package.

Abstract: A package assembly for a drug reconstitution assembly includes a body, a drug reconstitution assembly and a removable lid. The body includes a plurality of protrusions configured to mate with a plurality of corresponding features of the drug reconstitution assembly to inhibit axial and rotational translation of the drug reconstitution assembly and its constituent parts during shipping and handling. By preventing axial and rotational shifting during shipment, premature and accidental puncture or contamination of the medication or the spikes within the drug reconstitution assembly is minimized.

Abstract: Packages comprising a syringe and a blister package are described. The blister package incorporates elements that allow one-handed opening. Also described are methods of removing a syringe from a package using only one hand.

Abstract: A vapor hydrated packaged catheter assembly and method of manufacturing and distributing same includes a gas impermeable package housing a catheter within a catheter-receiving cavity. The catheter assembly has a hydrophilic coating applied to at least a portion of the outer surface of a catheter tube or shaft which may be surrounded by a sleeve to provide a no-touch, sure grip feature. The catheter assembly is disposed within the catheter receiving cavity of the package together with a limited amount of a vapor donating liquid provided as a source of vapor to activate the hydrophilic coating. The amount of vapor donating liquid is less than the amount that would otherwise be sufficient to cause a spill hazard. It may be loose liquid as a desired percentage of the volume of a tube-receiving portion of the catheter receiving cavity of the package, or it may be contained in a liquid sequestering element.

Abstract: Packaging including a coiled and optionally prelubricated catheter, its distal end insertable into the urethra, a slidable hygienic sheath, a proximal catheter end for voiding urine from the distal end through the assembly to the proximal end. Mutually rotatable elements providing for withdrawal of the catheter from its coiled state to an extended state, and retraction of the catheter back to its coiled state. Methods of extending the catheter, inserting it into the urethra, and voiding urine through the catheter, without requiring complete removal from the catheter packaging. A kit including automatic extrusion of the catheter's distal end upon package opening, and a water pouch for hydrophilic lubrication, and sanitary wipes for reducing the likelihood of infection. A catheter within a flexible and optionally coiled tube, a slidable hygienic sheath covering a catheter's distal end that can move along the length of the catheter during insertion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ready-to-use syringe containing a mixture of air and a heavy gas in a predetermined mixing ratio. The syringe is for use as a gas tamponade system for medical applications. The tamponade is used to fill a natural cavity resulting e.g. from the shrinkage of a vitreous humour due to ageing, or an artificial cavity resulting e.g. from a vitrectomy.

Abstract: A handling system for use in the manufacture of syringe barrels includes a tray having an array of apertures with a tubular upstand around each aperture, each upstand at the upper end thereof defining a support surface for a syringe barrel. Each syringe barrel comprises a cylindrical part and an enlargement at or adjacent the rear end of the barrel and carries at its forward end a safe needle device or a needle shield of a greater diameter than the syringe barrel. At least one of the enlargement of the syringe barrel or the support surface has a profile tapering or rounded inwardly in the downward direction so that when the tray is supported generally horizontally and a syringe barrel is lowered into an upstand, the syringe barrel is centred by co-operation between the enlargement and the support surface. The enlargement may be a flange at the rear end of the syringe barrel or could be a further component fitted to the barrel.

Abstract: A packaged incontinence treatment device includes a catheter and a package. The catheter has a distal tubular portion that is connected to a sheath with a portion of the sheath rolled to provide a proximal collar. The package encloses the catheter and includes a lower portion coupled to an upper portion by a hinge plate. The hinge plate is adapted to allow the upper portion to pivot away from the lower portion to provide an opened package configuration and to allow the upper portion to pivot toward the lower portion to provide a closed package configuration. The package has a retainer protrusion extending from an interior surface of the package that is engaged with the proximal collar of the catheter and retains the proximal collar in the lower portion of the package.

Abstract: A storage system is provided. The system may include a tray having at least one recess in which at least one syringe is disposed, the syringe including a barrel with first and second barrel ends, and a stopper fixedly disposed between the first and second barrel ends. A tool attached to the stopper through the second barrel end, the tool having a first end attached to the stopper and a second end attached to or abutting the barrel or a surface of the recess, the first end being selectively adjustable relative to the second end to vary the distance between the first and second ends of the tool. In addition or in the alternative to the tool, the system may include a motion generator attached externally to the syringe, the motion generator being one of at least a vibration generator and a rotating frame.

Abstract: A syringe holder which is capable of holding a plurality of types of syringes used for expanding a balloon catheter so as to be capable of being detached and attached is proposed. Preferably, a clearance is provided between the syringe holder and the syringe, so that gas can come into sufficient contact therewith during sterilizing treatment. The syringe holder in this arrangement can be formed, for example, by forming a plurality of grooves which are similar to the shape of the syringe and slightly larger than the syringe on a sheet formed of resilient member. Preferably, the shape is devised to prevent dropping off of the syringe from the syringe holder.

Abstract: A combination container/syringe (1) provided with an outer cylinder (10) that forms a cylindrical shape centered on an axial line (O); a front stopper that is inserted into a distal end side of the outer cylinder (10); and a cylindrical tip (50) that is fitted to an outer periphery of the distal end of the outer cylinder via a fitting hole (61) at a base end side, and that has a bypass chamber (71) that houses the front stopper at a front side of the fitting hole, in which an inner diameter of the bypass chamber is formed larger than an outer diameter of the front stopper, and a plurality of ribs (74) that protrude toward an inside in a radial direction and extend in the direction of the axial line to make close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the front stopper that has moved to the inside of the bypass chamber are provided spaced apart in a circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface (73) of the bypass chamber.

Abstract: Packaging for medical containers, including a tub having a peripheral wall, a sealing cover sealable on an opening of the tub and a sealing envelope able to protect the sealing cover. The sealing envelope includes: a lower sealing part, having a frame able to be sealed to the peripheral wall of the tub, and a bonding surface that extends outwards from the frame, and an upper sealing part sealed on the bonding surface to enclose the opening of the tub and the sealing cover.

Abstract: A tray (100) for accommodating a coiled medical device, such as a catheter assembly (700), includes a first compartment (101), a second compartment (102), and a third compartment (103). The catheter assembly (700) and devices associated with a catheterization procedure, such as syringes (701,702) containing sterile water and lubricating jelly and a specimen container (703) can be disposed within the tray. A first barrier (105) and second barrier (106) separate the compartments. The barriers can have openings (121,122) therein to accommodate large syringes or to enable the first compartment (101) to be used as a lubricant applicator for the catheter. The first compartment (101) can include a stair-stepped contour (115) such that the syringes are held at different depths to facilitate ease of use. The various devices can be disposed within the tray (100) in accordance with their order of use in the catheterization procedure.

Abstract: Packages comprising a syringe and a blister package are described. The blister package incorporates elements that allow one-handed opening. Also described are methods of removing a syringe from a package using only one hand.

Abstract: A catheter assembly (1) comprising a catheter (8) having a proximal end (10) adapted to be inserted into a bodily cavity and a distal end (11) having a drainage outlet (13), a catheter package (2) having a cavity for accommodating the catheter and an opening for withdrawing the catheter from the package, and extracting means (17) that are coupled to the catheter for extracting the distal end of the catheter out of the package.

Abstract: Provided herein is a portable insulated carrier for maintaining a syringe at an acceptable temperature for an extended period of time. The portable insulated carrier includes: a container having a front, a back, an open top, and defining an interior cavity; a closure for covering the open top of the container; at least one syringe holder in the interior cavity of the container, which is configured to receive and retain the syringe in an upright position; and an insulating member positioned in the insulating pocket, the insulating member being configured to prevent body heat of a user from being transferred to the syringe in the at least one syringe holder. The carrier is configured to maintain the syringe at a temperature of below 25 degrees Celsius for at least one hour.

Abstract: A container for collecting sharps includes an opening adapted to receive sharps in a substantially vertical orientation, and an interior region for storing sharps received through the opening. The container includes a means for reorienting the sharps into an arrangement in which the sharps lie substantially parallel to one another within the interior region of the container. A method for configuring a sharps collection container includes the step of positioning a contoured surface of a guide element beneath an opening of the container to reorient sharps that are deposited through the opening into an arrangement in which the sharps are stored substantially parallel to one another in the container.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention includes a tray and a method for loading a medical device on a catheter assembly. The tray can include a tray body defining a first receptacle for seating the handle assembly of the catheter assembly, an elongate receptacle for seating a delivery shaft of the catheter assembly, and a reservoir for holding a fluid. A portion of the elongate receptacle slopes downward towards the reservoir. The reservoir has a bottom surface that is below a portion of the elongate receptacle that is contiguous with the reservoir. Accordingly, when the reservoir is filled with a fluid and the catheter assembly is seated in the first receptacle and the elongate receptacle, the distal tip of the catheter assembly is submerged in the fluid in the reservoir. The tray body is also configured to prevent movement of a catheter assembly seated therein.

Abstract: A container having a base and a cap is disclosed herein for protecting needles and/or catheters during transport. The base has a cavity for storing the needle and/or catheter and a flange region for securing the needle and/or catheter within the base. The cap can be releasably coupled to the base and provide a seal to protect the needle and/or catheter from contamination. Semi-permeable plugs can be disposed on the ends of the base and cap to enable gas sterilization of the container and the needle and/or catheter contained inside.

Abstract: A plastic package for hydrophilic articles, in particular for hydrophilically coated medical instruments, is intended to ensure the hydrophilic nature of the enclosed instrument over a long period of time. The package comprises at least one receiving compartment with a medical instrument for insertion into body tissue and is characterized in that, after sterilization by radiation, it has a proportion of volatile constituents of ?0.1 ?g/cm2.

Abstract: An elongate member housing tool assembly includes a distal end side tubular member disposed on the distal end side and a proximal end side tubular member disposed on the proximal end side, which accommodate an elongate member, and a liquid inlet port to which a liquid supplying tool for supplying liquid into the distal end side tubular member is removably connected and which is provided on the distal end side tubular member. The distal end side tubular member and the proximal end side tubular member are wound spirally, and the proximal end of the distal end side tubular member and the distal end of the proximal end side tubular member are disposed in a spaced relationship from each other. A distal portion of the guide wire is accommodated in the distal end side tubular member, except possibly the most distal portion of the elongate member.

Abstract: Different length and diameter size catheters may be packaged in a universal catheter tray assembly that utilizes identical base trays. Catheter size selectors, which include a size indicia formed therein, are snap connected to the base tray and define at least a portion of a catheter capture channel with an opening width corresponding to the size indicia. The universal catheter tray assembly is configured for packaging a catheter with a size corresponding to the size indicia and with any one of a plurality of tip shapes such that first and second segments of the catheter are confined in first and second catheter capture channels, respectively.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a container defining an internal region configured to contain multiple medicament delivery devices, such as, for example, pen injectors, auto-injectors, inhalers or the like. The container includes an electronic circuit system configured to output a first electronic output associated with a first medicament delivery device contained within the internal region when the first medicament delivery device is removed from the internal region of the container. The electronic circuit system is further configured to output a second electronic output associated with a second medicament delivery device contained within the internal region when the second medicament delivery device is removed from the internal region of the container. The second electronic output is different than the first electronic output. At least one of the first electronic output or the second electronic output is associated with a use instruction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a packaging for a medical device comprising a casing adapted to at least partially receive and/or to accommodate the medical device featuring at least one user-driven function, wherein the casing comprises at least one functional element adapted to imitate the at least one function of the medical device.

Abstract: A catheter assembly and method is disclosed which comprises a catheter having a coating on at least a part of its length intended to produce a low-friction surface on the catheter when treated with an activating substance in the form of a vapor. The catheter assembly also includes a catheter package forming an interior space divided by a gas permeable, liquid impermeable barrier into a first cavity and a second cavity. The first cavity of the catheter package accommodates the catheter therein and the second cavity accommodates at least a quantity of liquid in its liquid phase therein. The liquid in the second cavity can change phase into a vapor capable of passing from the second cavity, through the barrier, and into the first cavity where the vapor can activate the coating. As a result, the vapor produced when the liquid changes phase causes the coating on the catheter to be activated to thereby produce the low-friction surface on the catheter so it is ready-to-use when it reaches the end user.

Abstract: A cannula (1) for dispensing fluid products, particularly for vaginal and rectal applications, comprises: a tubular body (2) for containing a fluid product (P), having a first extremity (2a), at which a dispenser opening (3) is formed, and a second open extremity (2b), opposed to the first extremity (2a). A closing body (5) which is associable with the tubular body (2) to close the second extremity (2b). The closing body comprises a first element (6) at least partially insertable through the second extremity (2b) and suitable for acting as a sliding piston inside the tubular body (2), and a second annular body, that functions a tamper indication seal. A cover cap (4) which can be fitted on the tubular body (2) to close the dispenser opening (3) and which is made in a single body piece. Longitudinal score lines divide the cover cap into a plurality of first sections and a single second section. Fold lines extend longitudinally along the first sections.

Abstract: This packaging comprises a grouping nest for receiving the syringes, a packaging tub, and a sealing cover for sealing this packaging tub. According to the invention, the packaging comprises a plate intended to be positioned closed to the flanges of the syringe bodies before sealing of the tub; this plate comprises at least a first surface intended to be placed in contact with the flanges and at least a second surface located on the side of the cover plate opposite this first surface, the distance between said first surface and said second surface being chosen in such a way that, when the first surface lies against the flanges, the second surface is in contact or in close proximity of the said sealing cover.

Abstract: A plate with housings for receiving objects for bulking, each housing being delimited by lateral walls and comprising a support zone for receiving the object for bulking. Each housing is formed by a cell with the lateral walls delimiting the cells adjoining one another from one cell to an adjacent cell and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the plate. Each cell is shaped to at least partially receive the proximal part of an object for bulking and each cell immobilizes each object for bulking.