Abstract: A carton for holding a plurality of containers includes a plurality of panels extending at least partially around an interior of the carton, the plurality of panels including a top panel, a bottom panel, and at least one side panel, and a plurality of end flaps foldably connected to a respective panel of the plurality of panels and forming at least one closed end of the carton, the plurality of end flaps including at least one top end flap, at least one bottom end flap, and at least one side end flap. The carton includes attachment features for attaching the carton to at least one other carton, the attachment features including at least one attachment flap removably connected to an end flap of the plurality of end flaps for attaching the carton to a portion of the at least one other carton.

Abstract: A spinal implant package includes a tray having a body including spaced apart first and second cavities. The body includes a third cavity between the first and second cavities. The tray includes a first connecting feature that is movable relative to the body. A lid is coupled to the tray by a hinge. The lid includes a second connecting feature that is movable between a first position in which a bottom surface of the second connecting feature directly engages a top surface of the first connecting feature and a second position in which a top surface of the second connecting feature directly engages a bottom surface of the first connecting feature to provisionally fix the lid to the tray.

Abstract: Described herein is a cooking pot comprising (a) a food vessel that has an opening in the shape of an oval or a polygon with more than two sides, and (b) a lid sized and shaped to substantially cover the opening of the food vessel. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the lid has a ring protruding from the bottom face, concentric about a vertical axis of the vessel. When the lid is rotated about the vertical axis at an angle from a closed position, the protruding ring is positioned adjacent to an interior edge of the vessel, corners or vertices of the opening are uncovered, and corresponding corners or vertices of the lid hang over the vessel exterior.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for a dental tool holder for use with a cassette assembly for cleaning and preparing dental tools for use. The dental tool holder includes a body with a set of openings. A set of slits extend through the exterior of the body to the openings for the insertion of tools. Opposite of the openings, a valley can be formed in the body at each slit. Additionally, slots can be provided between each set of one slit and one opening.

Abstract: A container includes a blank having a plurality of panels foldably connected to one another and erected about an interior space, and a plurality of top flaps foldably connected to the plurality of panels to enclose a top end of the interior space, and a plurality of bottom flaps wherein each of the bottom flaps is foldably connected to a corresponding panel of plurality of panels to enclose a bottom end of the interior space. The blank includes a line of weakness pattern configured to allow a user to break the top flaps from a closed configuration enclosing the interior space to an open configuration allowing access to the interior space.

Abstract: A display container (200) includes one or more sidewalls (102,103,107) defining a receiving recess (207). A dispenser (201) can define a front side of the display container. Where this is the case the dispenser has a height (208) less than the one or more sidewalls. The dispenser includes an aperture (324). A plurality of sample product, such as disposable gloves (210) can be placed within the dispenser. One or more packages (203,204,205,206) of product corresponding to the sample product can be situated within the receiving recess.

Abstract: An adjustable wrap-around container system is provided comprising a plurality of connectable modules. Each module includes an outer perimeter wall and an inner perimeter wall defining an outer volume therebetween, the inner perimeter wall surrounding an inner volume that may contain, for example, a post. The inner and outer perimeter walls may both include two segments, joined at an angle, such as 90°, at their inner edges. A module connects to an adjacent module by sliding a tab on the module into a slot in the adjacent module. By adjusting how far each module slides into the adjacent module, the dimensions of the inner volume may be varied. The assembled container can retain solids, such as soil for plants, liquids, or other materials.

Abstract: A sealing system includes a first-housing, a second-housing, and a seal. The first-housing defines a mating-surface. The second-housing defines a seal-gland having an inner-wall, a base, and an outer-wall. The second-housing has a perimeter-flange. The seal includes a continuous beam of compliant material compressed within the seal-gland. The seal defines a captured-end disposed within the seal-gland and a free-end extending beyond the second-housing. The seal defines an inner-flange, an outer-flange, a web, and a lip. The lip extends radially outward from and generally perpendicular to the free-end of the outer-flange and is disposed between the perimeter-flange and a portion of the mating-surface. When the second-housing is attached to the first-housing, the inner-flange and the outer-flange forcibly engages the mating-surface of the first-housing, the inner-wall, the base, and the outer-wall of the seal-gland. The lip is compressed between the perimeter-flange and the portion of the mating-surface.

Abstract: A modular seating system including at least two horizontally oriented support members and at least one core base component of recycled plastic having a top and a bottom adapted to engage the horizontally oriented support members. The plastic core base component includes a series of feature attachment points molded directly into the top and the bottom of the plastic core base component, and the bottom of the plastic core base component includes defined receptacles for at least four vertical support members. The modular seating system may include a core back and armrest component adapted to engage the horizontally oriented support members and the core base component and the feature attachment points.

Abstract: A food storage unit provides a container and a cover which use an interference fit to snap the cover onto the container. The two engage with each other by a first lip (of the container) and a second lip (of the cover). The lips are configured to have an obtuse angle of 95 degrees, helping to create a better fit between the two. The second lip deforms when placed over the first lip; the resulting pressure and friction helps to seal the cover to the container. To help create a more secure attachment, a latching member is connected to the second lip. The latching member is positioned just below the first lip, such that the cover cannot be lifted straight up until a person manually moves the latching member away from the first lip. This helps prevent the cover from accidentally coming loose from the container.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a storage device made of expanded metal mesh material. The storage device comprises a basket (3, 5, 7, 9) with an attached fastening device (11). The fastening device has a portion with U-shaped cross section (21) provided with hooks (13) in the interior thereof, such that the fastening device can be fitted on a vertical carrier provided with slots, the hooks (13) entering said slots, and the fastening device is at least partly inserted in the outer envelope of the basket and has a portion (25) extending under the bottom panel of the basket.

Abstract: Disclosed is a packaging device for a liquid crystal panel, including a first main body having a bottom and a plurality of sidewalls connected to sides of bottom. The sidewalls define at least one opening. At least one second main body has a bottom and sidewalls connected to the bottom and define an opening that is movably received in the at least one opening of the first main body such that the packaging device is expandable by moving the second main body in a direction away from the first main body.

Abstract: A tray is configured for supporting a product between the tray and a film extending over the tray. The tray has a bottom wall located at a lower end of the tray. The bottom wall has a peripheral edge. Side walls extend upwardly from the bottom wall. Each side wall has an upper edge at an upper end of the tray. A rim is located at the upper end of the tray, and is connected to the upper edge of the side walls. The rim extends horizontally outwardly from the upper edge of the side walls. A skirt depends downwardly from the rim, and is spaced outwardly from the side walls. The skirt is configured so the skirt can be bent inwardly when a film is held in tension around the skirt of the tray.

Abstract: Disclosed is a packaging device for a liquid crystal panel, including a first main body having a bottom and a plurality of sidewalls connected to sides of bottom. The sidewalls define at least one opening. At least one second main body has a bottom and sidewalls connected to the bottom and define an opening that is movably received in the at least one opening of the first main body such that the packaging device is expandable by moving the second main body in a direction away from the first main body.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for performing a consolidated pick and package process in a materials handling center. A computing environment may be employed to generate a batch of a plurality of items to be picked and packaged in fulfillment of a plurality of orders in the materials handling center. Shipping labels corresponding to items in the orders may be generated, wherein the shipping labels comprise pick information that aids a person in locating a corresponding one of the items in the materials handling center and packaging the corresponding one of the items in suitable packaging. A fulfillment cart may be employed by an operator in performing the consolidated pick and package process.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a three-panel lidding device used to seal a food container. Such devices are particularly useful for covering and sealing a plastic food container, eliminating (or diminishing) the need for an outer carton and the clear film membrane that traditionally covers a food container. The lidding device may contain all brand identifiers, product messaging, ingredient list, instructions (e.g., opening and cooking) printed directly on the device. The device may also allow for venting of the food container during cooking and may then be removed for serving. The device may further provide a foot panel that allows the food product container/lidding device to sit upright, enhancing store front and freezer display options.

Abstract: A shopping cart list holder includes a central list backing support, a support neck, and a cart attachment. The list holder is adapted so that it is easy to attach to a shopping basket or shopping cart. The list holder is designed to hold one or more pieces of paper to the backing support so that the user does not have to fumble between his pockets and the shopping cart or basket for his shopping list. The list holder may also include holders for cell phones, tablets or pens.

Abstract: An apparatus for X-ray topography includes a source assembly, a detector assembly, a scanning assembly and a processor. The source assembly is configured to direct multiple X-ray beams so as to irradiate multiple respective regions on a sample, wherein the regions partially overlap one another along a first axis of the sample and are offset relative to one another along a second axis of the sample that is orthogonal to the first axis. The detector assembly is configured to detect the X-ray beams diffracted from the sample and to produce respective electrical signals in response to the detected X-ray beams. The scanning assembly is configured to move the sample relative to the source assembly and the detector assembly along the second axis. The processor is configured to identify defects in the sample by processing the electrical signals, which are produced by the detector assembly while the sample is moved.

Abstract: An easy open carton includes a paperboard having an inner face and an outer face. The paperboard includes a plurality of folding flaps permitting the paperboard to be folded to form a three dimensional carton. At least one cut line is provided on the inner face of the paperboard. The paperboard further includes a force application portion having a plurality of cuts disposed intermittently or continuously. Each cut extends from the inner face through the outer face of the paperboard. The force application portion is connected to the at least one cut line.

Abstract: An optical fiber cassette is designed as an interface between a multi-fiber network cable and a number of patch fibers or jumpers. A base or main body includes a splice tray containing a splice holder and a radius limiter on which slack of pigtail fibers are coiled. A fan-out of the pigtail fibers terminate at an array of fiber connectors. A swing-up lid or cover plate provides access to the splice tray. The cover plate includes an inner radius limiter on or in which a plurality of slack coils are disposed, and an outer radius limiter that surrounds the inner radius limiter. The radius limiter arrangement protects the network cable from bending or kinking when the cassette is pulled or slid out and when it is pushed or slid back in. A U-guard connector cover removably fits onto the front of the cassette over plug-in connectors and jumper fibers.

Abstract: A reclosable elastomeric fastener and method for sealing storage and serving containers using same. The fastener consists of two complementary elastomeric profiles, having male and female interlocking elements, which extend around the periphery of the lid and container components of a storage receptacle. The reclosable fastener forms a water-resistant seal when the male and female elements of the complementary profiles are mutually occluded.

Abstract: A server tray attachment and server tray is provided. The server tray attachment includes a base having an upper surface, a lower surface opposite the upper surface, a first end and a second end opposite the first end. At least one suction cup is secured to the upper surface of the base. An arm support is secured to the lower surface near the first end. The arm support includes a first leg and a second leg sized to fit a user's arm therebetween. A handle is secured to the lower surface near the second end.

Abstract: A bread keeper is formed as storage container for holding bread, and may be configurable between expanded and contracted positions. A door is attached to allow access to the bread within the container. The door folds flat to rest on a horizontal surface such as a countertop, and is constructed from a material suitable for use as a cutting board, thereby allowing the bread to be cut while extending partially out of the container and onto the cutting board.

Abstract: A serving tray system usable by an intended user having a hand to carry objects, the hand having fingers and a thumb, the system comprising: a serving tray, the serving tray including a substantially rigid tray body defining a tray aperture extending therethrough; and a tray mounting element wearable by the intended user, the tray mounting element including a base and a tray mount extending from the base and insertable through the tray aperture to mount the serving tray to the tray mounting element. The serving tray is usable by the intended user to carry the objects thereon when the serving tray is separated from the tray mounting element and held by the hand. The serving tray is mountable to the tray mounting element by inserting the tray mount through the tray aperture to free the hand when the objects have been removed from the serving tray.

Abstract: A cabinet for the storage of files, books or papers comprising a floor panel, a vertically-arranged back panel fixed to the rear edge of said floor panel, vertically-arranged side panels fixed to the side edges of both said floor and back panels, a plurality of divider panels fixed to said floor and back panels and positioned parallel to and intermediate of said side panels, and a roof panel fixed to said side panels, said divider panels and said back panel; locating and releasable fixing means being provided along each panel edge abutting another panel; zones of said side and divider panels being provided with ribbing to stiffen them; the lower surfaces of said floor panel and upper surfaces of said roof panel being made with complementary shapings which cooperate to provide a locating function when multiple said cabinets are in stacked arrangement.

Abstract: A resealable label is disclosed, the label having a top layer and a bottom layer. The top layer may be one or more ply, and the bottom layer may be one or more ply. The top layer is adhered to the bottom layer via an adhesive layer therebetween. The bottom layer includes a concave perforation, the concave perforation having a line defined by endpoints of the concave perforation. The label further includes a layer of deadener between the label layers, the deadener being on the convex side of the perforation, and terminating at the line, the line extending to opposing edges of the label, where the deadener is at least some distance away from the perforation such that the deadener and the perforation do not abut. The label may further have a layer of adhesive on the bottom layer for adhering the label to a surface. The disclosure further includes a reclosure system that includes the resealable label and an inner label for mounting on a surface.

Abstract: An insert for a food holding cabinet provides multiple, individual food holding compartments, which can be operated as encapsulated environments. The insert is made from an elongated tray formed to have at least one food product holding compartment, which is formed at one end of the elongated tray. A slid-able is configured to be able slide back and forth and formed to have at least one additional food product holding compartment. A slid-able cover is configured to be able to slide in the elongated tray, over the slide-able cover. Multiple individual food holding compartments can be uncovered, one-at-a-time as need for food product arises.

Abstract: A passing tray for surgical instruments includes a holder having a base portion, opposing side portions open at a first end and an end portion. A sliding member having front and rear edges is slidably supported within the holder. At least one support member projects upwardly from a surface of the sliding member toward its front edge, and an actuator projects upwardly from the surface of the sliding member intermediate the front and rear edges thereof and has front and rear surfaces facing toward the front and rear edges of the sliding member, respectively. In use an elongated surgical instrument may be retained transversely between opposing surfaces of the support member and the open first end of the holder under force of the actuator.

Abstract: Container assemblies can include a first container and a second container, where the second container extends into and is supported by the first container. The first container and the second container can each include a flange around the periphery of an access opening. The flange of the second container is configured to provide support for the second container via engagement with the flange of the first container. In some instances, the second container can extend into and be supported by the first container through engagement of the flange of the second container with the flange of the first container such that a side panel of the first container is not in contact with a corresponding side panel of the second container. The container assembly can also include a lid for retaining the second container in the first container and/or for sealing to the first container and/or the second container.

Abstract: Magnetically mountable tray device are presented including: a mounting plate having a front planar surface and a back planar surface; a number of mounting magnets positioned along the back planar surface; a base plate having a top planar surface and a bottom planar surface; a hinge mechanically coupled along a back edge of the base plate and along the front planar surface of the mounting plate; and a support element positioned along the bottom planar surface and mechanically coupled thereto, where the support element is positioned to contact the front surface of the mounting plate when the magnetically mountable tray device is in an open position. In some embodiments, magnetically mountable tray devices further include: a closure magnet positioned along the front planar surface; and a closure tab positioned along the top planar surface.

Abstract: A tray includes a base and a plurality of walls extending upward from the base. In one feature, a first wall of the plurality of walls may include a projection outward from the first wall. The projection is aligned with an upper edge of the first wall, such that the projection is outward of a portion of the upper edge of the first wall. The projection of an identical upper tray stacked on the tray would interlock with the upper edge of the first wall to resist outward deflection of the upper edge of the first wall of the tray. In another feature, a platform may extend inward from at least one of the walls to support smaller trays stacked thereon. In another feature, an exterior of each of the side walls may include an interlocking recess for receiving automated handling equipment for supporting the tray.

Abstract: A food tray adapted to be removably located in a predetermined position in a compartment is provided having a tray body and a fixed movable stop member. The tray body includes a first end and a second end, a bottom and a sidewall structure defining a volume. The fixed movable stop member is located at one end of the tray body and is movable between a retracted position and an extended position. When the tray is inserted in the compartment in the predetermined position, the fixed movable stop member is in the extended position and restrains further insertion of the tray into the compartment. A method of making a food tray in accordance with the invention is provided. Also provided is a method of storing food within a food tray to be contained in a pass-through compartment.

Abstract: A tray unit having a tray that is open at the top and a card holder mounted to the outer peripheral face of the tray. The tray has a bottom face, an outer peripheral wall that rises upward from the outer peripheral part of the bottom face, and a flange extending from the upper face side of the outer peripheral wall in the outer peripheral direction. The card holder has a card insertion portion along the outer peripheral wall of the tray and to the outside of the outer peripheral wall, and to which a card is removably inserted, and a guide portion that is provided at the upper part of the card insertion portion and has formed thereon a sloped face that increases in height from the outer peripheral wall of the tray in the outer peripheral direction of the tray.

Abstract: A serving tray system usable by an intended user having a hand to carry objects, the hand having fingers and a thumb, the system comprising: a serving tray, the serving tray including a substantially rigid tray body defining a tray aperture extending therethrough; and a tray mounting element wearable by the intended user, the tray mounting element including a base and a tray mount extending from the base and insertable through the tray aperture to mount the serving tray to the tray mounting element. The serving tray is usable by the intended user to carry the objects thereon when the serving tray is separated from the tray mounting element and held by the hand. The serving tray is mountable to the tray mounting element by inserting the tray mount through the tray aperture to free the hand when the objects have been removed from the serving tray.

Abstract: A packaging tray configured for assembly without staples or other fasteners is provided.

Abstract: A thermoformed tray made of material from the group consisting essentially of PET, RPET, HDPE, and RHDPE and a method of making the tray. The tray has a blunt and substantially smooth outer peripheral flange that will not cut a plastic overwrap film, such as LDPE. Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a thermoformed packaging tray 10 preferably comprising PET, RPET, HDPE or RHDPE material. The techniques and processes for thermoforming a tray from PET, RPET, HDPE or RHDPE material are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art and therefore further discussion of the thermoforming process is not warranted.

Abstract: A blister package for a plurality of pipette tips comprises a support block with a plurality of molded pockets that extends into the support block from a first wall. The plurality of pockets is configured to receive the plurality of pipette tips. At least one reservoir located within the support block at a distal end of and in fluid communication with at least one of the plurality of pockets. A closure member configured to close the plurality of pockets within the support block.

Abstract: A package including a tray (10) provided with a base (11), a plurality of sidewalls (12, 13, 14, 15) extending upwardly and slightly outwardly from said base (11), a primary flange (20) integrally joined to the upper edges of the sidewalls (12, 13, 14, 15) and extending outwardly all around the upper periphery of the sidewalls (12, 13, 14, 15), a rim (21), i.e., a downward flap extending downwardly and tapering slightly outwardly from the outer periphery of the primary flange (20), and a secondary flange (22), i.e., an overhanging portion extending outwardly from the lower edge of the rim (21), said tray being characterized in that a plurality of strengthening ribs (23) extend substantially vertically along the rim (21) and outwardly with respect to the tray body.

Abstract: An overflow pan for a water heater utilizing recycled material for cost and material efficiency. The overflow pan includes a bottom, a sidewall with an outlet for water drainage therefrom as is standard, a U-shaped lip and a plurality of ribs spaced therearound. The pan bottom includes an exterior surface having a series of regular hexagon shapes, each comprising a concave web for material reduction while retaining integrity and durability.

Abstract: A resealable package integrity closure includes a film layer forming a top of a container and a flap defining an access opening. A sealing panel completely covers the flap of the film layer. A releasable adhesive is provided on either or both the film layer and the sealing panel for adhering the sealing panel to the film layer. The sealing panel is releasable from the film layer by pulling the sealing panel back in a peeling direction and reclosable against the top to seal the access opening when the sealing panel is moved back against the top. A coating of transferable material is provided on either the sealing panel or on the film layer, which is transferable therebetween to provide a visual indication that the closure has been previously opened.

Abstract: A decorative serving container system that includes a serving dish, a ring element, and a cover element. At least two ring element handle portions extend outwardly from a ring element lip, wherein each ring element handle portion has a shape that substantially corresponds to the shape of a serving dish handle, wherein each ring element handle portion includes a handle skirt portion that extends downwardly from the handle portion and is formed to be positionable around at least a portion of a serving dish handle and provide frictional engagement of the handle skirt portion with at least a portion of the serving dish handle. The cover element has one or more handles formed to be at least partially received within a recess of the ring element.

Abstract: A blank of sheet material for forming a polygonal container is provided. The blank includes a bottom panel, two opposing end panels each extending from opposing end edges of the bottom panel, two opposing side panels each extending from opposing side edges of the bottom panel, and interior end panels foldably connected to each side edge of each side panel along a first fold line. The bottom panel includes a plurality of slots configured to receive stacking tabs of a formed container. Each side panel includes at least one stacking tab extending from a top edge of the side panel. Each interior end panel includes at least one stacking tab extending from a first edge of the respective interior end panel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a blank for forming a tray for dispensing eye shields. The present invention also provides a tray. The tray is made from the single blank of material. In another embodiment, the present invention provides an eye shield and frame dispenser including a carton, a frame insert and a shield insert. The carton and inserts are made from a single blank of material.

Abstract: A container includes a body, a liner attached to the interior of the body, a lid dimensioned to attached to the top of the liner, and a perimeter seal attached to the lid. The lid includes a hole and the perimeter seal includes a region dimensioned to create a friction fit when disposed in the hole. Each of the body, the liner, and the lid may include a paper pulp coated with a biodegradable, organically derived, plastic resin. Methods of constructing the container are also disclosed.

Abstract: A crate module which includes a quadrilateral tray portion with a load carrying side and an opposing side. The tray portion is delimited by four successively connected peripheral edges and has form fitting elements. The crate module also includes four side panels each of which have a proximal end, from which the side panel is pivotably connected to a respective peripheral edge, and a distal end having a counterpart form fitting element which is configured to cooperate with a corresponding form fitting element of the tray portion of a similar logistics crate in a superposed configuration. At least one of the side panels is pivotably connected to the respective peripheral edge on said opposing side of the tray portion.

Abstract: Base for a food container includes a base member having a perimeter and a central region, a retaining ring of height H and width W formed between the perimeter and the central region, and extending upwardly from the central region, and a plurality of recesses in the retaining ring, each recess extending across the width W of the retaining ring from the perimeter toward the central region of the base member. Container further includes a lid having a perimeter configured to engage the perimeter of the base member. Method of making a food container is also provided.

Abstract: A device for storing utensils, especially tools, comprises at least one storage tray unit (1) for accommodating utensils to be stored, which storage tray unit can be connected to a carrying unit (5) for carrying the storage tray unit (1) and can be removed from the carrying unit (5). The storage tray unit (1) comprises at least one lug (12, 13, 14) which can be inserted into a receiving groove (8) of the carrying unit (5) in order to connect the storage tray unit (1) to the carrying unit (5), the storage tray unit (1) connected to the carrying unit (5) projecting from the carrying unit (5). In order to connect the storage tray unit (1) to the carrying unit (5) in various angular positions, different lugs (12, 13, 14) of the storage tray unit (1) can be inserted into the receiving groove (8) of the carrying unit (5).

Abstract: A tray for transporting and displaying baked products is disclosed. The tray can be stacked in a 0° and 180° stacking configuration. The trays further include substantially non-glossy, non-smooth surfaces that allow stickers to be more easily removed, as well as drain channels in the base to facilitate removal of water following washing. The trays further include a scalloped handle on one side of the tray only to allow operators to more easily recognize which side of the tray they are facing. A tray retrieval tool can be used with several hook areas to facilitate retrieval of the trays following washing in high temperature water, or following stacking and storage. The trays further include spacers and spacer holes to place the spacers so that different types of baked products can be accommodated without damaging or destroying the baked product.

Abstract: The invention provides an assembly of a food tray (183) and a food container such as a cup or a plate. The tray (183) can comprise a generally flat surface for supporting the food containers. The food tray (183) and the food container comprise an interlocking system for positioning the food containers on the food tray. The interlocking system comprises male and corresponding female parts provided on the food tray and food container. The generally flat surface comprises a field of multiple (female or male) parts of the interlocking system forming a surface for positioning and releasably locking at multiple positions bottom side of the food container. The invention provides for the use of the interlocking system in travel catering, such as in vehicles and airplanes.

Abstract: The claimed subject matter provides a folding tray that includes a hygienic surface within the internal portion that is shielded from contamination in a folded configuration. The folding tray includes two symmetrical halves joined by a spine that allows the folding tray to close. The folding tray can include one or more inserted surfaces overlapping at least a portion of the two symmetrical halves on one side of the folding tray. The inserted surfaces can be folded into the folding tray in a folded state. The inserted surfaces can be removable or include a plurality of stacked sheets that are individually removable. The folding tray can be used to isolate materials on the tray from contaminants under the tray, or protect a material beneath the tray from contaminants on the tray.