Employing Hydrogen Patents (Class 208/254H)
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Patent number: 4098683Abstract: A process for hydrotreating (hydroprocessing) hydrocarbons and mixtures of hydrocarbons utilizing a catalytic composite of a porous carrier material, a Group VI-B metal and a Group VIII metal in which process there is effected a chemical consumption of hydrogen. A specific example of one such catalyst is a composite of alumina, a molybdenum component and a cobalt component for utilization in a hydrodesulfurization process. Other hydrocarbon hydroprocesses are directed toward the hydrogenation of aromatic nuclei, the ring-opening of cyclic hydrocarbons, hydrocracking, denitrification, hydrogenation, etc.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 1977Date of Patent: July 4, 1978Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventor: John E. Conway
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Patent number: 4098675Abstract: Deposition of ammonium chloride from a gaseous stream as it is passed through a compression means is prevented by recycling to the compression suction a sufficient amount of the compression means discharge that has been heated by the compression operation to maintain the temperature of the gaseous stream above the deposition temperature for ammonium chloride at operating pressure. The invention is particularly useful in hydrocarbon hydrogen treating processes in which hydrogen recycle streams containing ammonium chloride or ammonium chloride-forming constituents must be recompressed before recycle to the hydrogen treating process.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1977Date of Patent: July 4, 1978Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Max D. Pope
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Patent number: 4090951Abstract: A method for reducing the nitrogen content of a syncrude feed obtained from at least one of oil shale, tar sands, and coal wherein syncrude is mixed with an adsorbent which is effective for adsorbing nitrogen materials from the syncrude feed and also effective as a catalytic cracking catalyst for said syncrude feed. The mixture is settled into a first phase of low nitrogen syncrude material and a second phase of adsorbent and high nitrogen syncrude feed. The first phase can be subjected to additional light or mild hydrotreating, i.e. low temperature, high space velocity, etc. The second phase is stripped to separate low nitrogen syncrude material which is combined with the hydrotreated low nitrogen material to form a first low nitrogen syncrude product. The stripped second phase is catalytically cracked to produce a second low nitrogen syncrude product. The adsorbent from the cracking step is regenerated by heating to at least 1000.degree.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1977Date of Patent: May 23, 1978Assignee: Atlantic Richfield CompanyInventor: Robert H. Smith
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Patent number: 4088566Abstract: A transformer oil processing sequence is disclosed which produces a superior oil without the use of large doses of sulfuric acid and the resultant sludge problems. The process comprises contacting a naphthenic based oil with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid under mild conditions of temperature and pressure and caustic washing the resultant product. The caustic washed product is then hydrogenated.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 1977Date of Patent: May 9, 1978Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventors: Theodore C. Mead, Norman R. Odell
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Patent number: 4076613Abstract: Improved processes for the combined desulfurization and hydroconversion of various sulfur-containing pertroleum oils, and particularly various residua feedstocks, are disclosed. These feedstocks are thus contacted with alkali metals, such as sodium, in the molten state, in a conversion zone maintained at specified conditions such that the feedstocks are both desulfurized and subjected to significant hydroconversion, particularly demonstrated by significant reductions in the 1,050.degree. F+ fraction of these feedstocks, as well as significantly decreased Conradson carbon and increased API gravity. In addition, the deep demetallization and moderate denitrogenation of these feedstocks is also achieved. These important results are obtained by maintaining the conversion zone at temperatures of above 750.degree. F, and in the presence of sufficient added hydrogen to produce a hydrogen pressure in the conversion zone of between about 1500 and 3000 psig.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1975Date of Patent: February 28, 1978Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventor: Roby Bearden, Jr.
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Patent number: 4065380Abstract: An improved process has been discovered for hydrodenitrification of high nitrogen content charge stocks by effecting the nitrogen removal in the presence of a non-zeolitic catalyst consisting essentially of a nickel and/or cobalt substituted synthetic mica-montmorillonite having dispersed therein tungsten in the form of its oxide and/or sulfide.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 1975Date of Patent: December 27, 1977Assignee: Gulf Research & Development CompanyInventors: Harold E. Swift, Roger F. Vogel
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Patent number: 4059503Abstract: A nitrogen containing feedstock is hydrodenitrified by passing the feed through at least two hydrodenitrification zones, with ammonia produced in the hydrodenitrification being purged from the system prior to the last hydrodenitrification zone to maintain a low ammonia partial pressure in the last hydrodenitrification zone. The ammonia is preferably purged by stripping ammonia from the liquid portion of the effluent withdrawn from the next to last hydrodenitrification zone. Improved denitrification is obtained by maintaining a low ammonia partial pressure in the last hydrodenitrification zone.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1976Date of Patent: November 22, 1977Assignee: The Lummus CompanyInventors: Morgan C. Sze, Harvey D. Schindler, Anthony Fanelli
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Patent number: 4052296Abstract: An improved hydrogenation process for the denitrification and desulfurization of hydrocarbons employing a catalyst consisting essentially of a Group VI-B metal, nickel and zinc composited with alumina.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1976Date of Patent: October 4, 1977Assignee: Gulf Research & Development CompanyInventor: Angelo Anthony Montagna
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Patent number: 4051020Abstract: A gas phase and a liquid phase pass countercurrently through a reaction vessel, and solid particles move from stage to stage in the reactor concurrently with either the liquid phase or the gas phase. In one embodiment of the invention the liquid phase is a hydrocarbon oil to be treated, for example, desulphurized, the gas phase is hydrogen, and the solid particles are hydrodesulphurization catalyst particles.Type: GrantFiled: June 14, 1976Date of Patent: September 27, 1977Assignee: Commonwealth Oil Refining Co. Inc.Inventor: Gerald W. G. McDonald
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Patent number: 4033861Abstract: A method for producing a hydrocarbon material having a reduced nitrogen content involves contacting a nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon feedstock, e.g., crude shale oil, shale oil derived gas oil, mixtures thereof and the like, in at least one reaction zone with a catalyst to polymerize at least a portion of the contained nitrogen compounds, e.g., refractory high boiling nitrogen-containing compounds, and, thereafter, separating, e.g., flashing, the resulting reactor effluent to produce a hydrocarbon material having a reduced nitrogen content relative to the feedstock and effluent. This hydrocarbon material may be advantageously used in hydrocarbon hydrotreating. Also provided is a novel apparatus which can be used to carry out the method of the present invention.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1975Date of Patent: July 5, 1977Assignee: Atlantic Richfield CompanyInventors: Richard L. Holloway, Robert R. Edison, Stephen J. Wachtel
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Patent number: 4022682Abstract: A process for hydrodenitrogenation of shale oil to convert it to a feed oil for zeolitic riser cracking comprising passing the shale oil through two catalyst stages in series, the catalyst in the first stage comprising supported molybdenum and Group VIII metal and the catalyst in the second stage comprising supported tungsten and Group VIII metal.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1975Date of Patent: May 10, 1977Assignee: Gulf Research & Development CompanyInventors: Joseph A. Bludis, David Lyzinski, Joel D. McKinney, Raynor T. Sebulsky, Harry C. Stauffer
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Patent number: 4022683Abstract: A process for hydrodenitrogenation of shale oil comprising fractionating the shale oil into relatively light and heavy fractions, passing the relatively light fraction through a zone containing a catalyst comprising supported molybdenum and Group VIII metal and passing the relatively heavy fraction through a zone containing a catalyst comprising supported tungsten and Group VIII metal.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1975Date of Patent: May 10, 1977Assignee: Gulf Research & Development CompanyInventors: Joseph A. Bludis, David Lyzinski, Joel D. McKinney, Raynor T. Sebulsky, Harry C. Stauffer
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Patent number: 4008149Abstract: A hydro-refining catalyst comprising at least one hydrogenation metal component supported on an alumina or alumina-containing carrier containing from about 5 to about 25 wt. % silica, said catalyst having a specific surface area in the range of from about 250 to about 300 m.sup.2 /g and a pore volume distribution characterized in that (1) the volume of pores having a diameter of 60 to 150 A is at least about 80% of the volume of pores having a diameter of 0 to 150 A, (2) the volume of pores having a diameter of 150 to 300 A is less than about 20% of the volume of pores of 0 to 300 A, (3) the volume of pores having a diameter of 150 to 2,000 A is less than about 0.01 ml/g, (4) the volume of pores having a diameter of 0 to 600 A is in the range of from about 0.45 to about 0.60 ml/g. The catalyst is used in the hydro-refining of heavy hydrocarbon oils containing sulfur, nitrogen and metal contaminants.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1976Date of Patent: February 15, 1977Assignee: Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Takuji Itoh, Satoshi Sakurada, Shohei Okano, Takashi Obayashi
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Patent number: 3990964Abstract: There is disclosed a hydrotreating process for petroleum distillate which comprises contacting the distillate with catalyst particles of special shape characteristics in the presence of hydrogen at elevated temperature and pressure.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1975Date of Patent: November 9, 1976Assignee: American Cyanamid CompanyInventor: William Roy Gustafson
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Patent number: 3983029Abstract: A cogelled catalyst comprisng a crystalline zeolitic molecular sieve component containing less than 5 weight percent sodium and containing ions selected from Mn, rare earths of atomic numbers 58-71, and alkaline earths Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, said catalyst further comprising an alumina-containing gel component, a Group VI hydrogenating component and a Group VIII hydrogenating component, and processes using said catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1975Date of Patent: September 28, 1976Assignee: Chevron Research CompanyInventor: Robert J. White
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Patent number: 3981796Abstract: A hydrogenation process utilizing a hydrogenation catalyst in an oxidized state which catalyst is activated by a method which yields a superior performing hydrogenation catalyst. The hydrogenation catalyst is reduced, sulfided and stripped by a procedure which allows a more economical and time-saving start-up procedure.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1975Date of Patent: September 21, 1976Assignee: UOP Inc.Inventor: Lee Hilfman
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Patent number: 3974065Abstract: A method is disclosed for obtaining an early detection and warning of a dangerous temperature excursion in a process using one or more hydrocarbon hydroprocessing reactors operating under otherwise ordinary hydroprocessing conditions. The warning is obtained by monitoring the specific gravity and/or methane content of the light gas fraction of the reactor effluent product stream. Pursuant to the warning, one or more suitable quenching means are employed to control the excursion.Type: GrantFiled: December 31, 1974Date of Patent: August 10, 1976Assignee: Chevron Research CompanyInventors: Bruce E. Powell, Bruce E. Stangeland
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Patent number: 3960706Abstract: A process for upgrading a hydrocarbon fraction and for generating hydrogen in situ by contacting the hydrocarbon fraction with a dense-water-containing fluid at a temperature in the range of from about 600.degree. to about 900.degree.F. in the absence of externally supplied hydrogen and of pretreatment of the hydrocarbon fraction and in the presence of a catalyst system containing a sulfur- and nitrogen-resistant catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1974Date of Patent: June 1, 1976Assignee: Standard Oil CompanyInventors: John D. McCollum, Leonard M. Quick
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Patent number: 3959122Abstract: A technical grade white oil of low UV absorptivity is made by the hydrogenation of a paraffinic distillate under specified conditions.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1974Date of Patent: May 25, 1976Assignee: Sun Oil Company of PennsylvaniaInventors: Ivor W. Mills, Glenn R. Dimeler
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Patent number: 3957628Abstract: A process in which organic sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen compounds are essentially quantitatively removed from hydrocarbon feedstocks by contacting said feedstocks with liquid hydrogen fluoride in the presence of hydrogen. Preferred feedstocks are those boiling in the range of from about -185.degree.C to about 345.degree.C wherein the sulfur content ranges from about 0.001 to about 10 wt. %, preferably 0.001 to about 3 wt. %.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1974Date of Patent: May 18, 1976Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Michael Siskin, Joseph J. Porcelli
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Patent number: 3948763Abstract: An improved method for sulfiding a petroleum distillate desulfurization catalyst which comprises sulfiding the catalyst composite with a sulfur-containing petroleum distillate at a temperature in excess of 660.degree.F. and thereafter conducting the desulfurization process at a temperature less than 650.degree.F.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1974Date of Patent: April 6, 1976Assignee: Gulf Research & Development CompanyInventors: Robert D. Christman, Kirk J. Metzger
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Patent number: 3943051Abstract: Siliceous zeolite catalysts comprising zeolitic mono- and/or divalent metal cations and a non-zeolitic Group VIII noble metal hydrogenating component supported thereon, which catalysts have undergone damage by thermal and/or hydrothermal stresses resulting in a maldistribution of the metal components, are rejuvenated in activity by a first treatment with a volumetric excess of aqueous ammonium hydroxide, followed by a second treatment with an extractive proportion of an aqueous ammonium salt solution. The combined treatments have a twofold effect of bringing about a desirable redistribution of the Group VIII noble metal, and of exchanging out at least a portion of undesired zeolitic mono- and/or divalent metal ions. A highly advantageous procedure for carrying out the rejuvenation involves simply neutralizing the ammonium hydroxide-catalyst mixture from the first treatment with a suitable acid to give the ammonium salt desired for the second treatment.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 1974Date of Patent: March 9, 1976Assignee: Union Oil Company of CaliforniaInventor: John W. Ward
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Patent number: 3932267Abstract: A method for producing uninhibited transformer oil is disclosed which includes isolating a petroleum distillate that is primarily naphthenic and aromatic in character, boiling above 400.degree.F, having a viscosity between 50 and 100 SSU at 100.degree.F, and containing sulfur compounds; contacting the distillate with a solvent selective for aromatic hydrocarbons under conditions to produce a raffinate phase containing 15-30%v aromatic hydrocarbons; hydrotreating the raffinate phase to reduce the nitrogen content to at most 25 PPM, to maintain the sulfur content greater than 0.08%w, and to maintain the aromatic hydrocarbon content greater than 15%v. The product is an uninhibited transformer oil, and it can be further improved by regenerative clay treatment and by the addition of certain aromatic hydrocarbon compounds containing two or more six carbon membered fused or unfused rings, at least one of which is a benzene ring.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 1974Date of Patent: January 13, 1976Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Robert William Lewis, Lawrence Walker Maas