Abstract: Sodium diethyl dithiophosphate and sodium ethyl trithiocarbonate are used for the flotation of molybdenum and/or copper containing ores.S-allyl-S'-n-butyl trithiocarbonate and N,N-dimethyl-S-benzyl dithiocarbamate are used for the flotation of molybdenum and/or copper containing ores.Sodium isopropyl xanthate and sodium n-butyl trithiocarbonate are used for the flotation of lead.

Abstract: Diammonium bis(carboxyalkyl)-trithiocarbonate salts, dialkali metal bis(carboxyalkyl)-trithiocarbonate salts, their use as flotation agents, and a process for the production of these novel compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: A froth flotation process for the beneficiation of fine coal is disclosed which employs as a collector a water-dispersible polyorganosiloxane or a mixture of water-dispersible polyorganosiloxanes which contain either aryl radicals or aryl radicals combined with polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide radicals. Preferred polyorganosiloxanes are those which contain both aryl radicals and polyethylene oxide and/or polypropylene oxide radicals. The process of this invention is espeically useful for the beneficiation of difficult-to-float fine coals.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of mineral values by froth flotation in an aqueous medium employing a novel frother. Frothers prepared by Michael addition between alpha, beta-unsaturated ethylenic compounds and either alcohols, amines or mercaptans or by the condensation of HCN, aldehydes/ketones with either alcohols, amines or mercaptans have been found to be effective in the froth flotation system and capable of reducing the required collector consumption.

Abstract: In conventional froth floatation procedures for phosphate flotation, the feed is conditioned, diluted and floated. By lowering the pH with acid after the conditioning step, but before flotation, to a pH of from about 6.4 to about 7.0, one can improve phosphate selectivity.

Abstract: The method of recovering copper from a copper-bearing ore which comprises froth flotation of the ore in alkaline circuit and in the presence of a phosphorodithio compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is hydrogen, alkali metal, or the ammonium radical and R is alkyl-substituted phenyl of from 6 to 14 carbon atoms having from 1 to 3 alkyl substituents and from 1 to 6 carbon atoms in each alkyl substituent. Sodium O,O-bis(isopropylphenyl) phosphorodithioate and O,O-bis(isopropylphenyl) phosphorodithoic acid are illustrative. The method is particularly useful with sulfide minerals, especially with copper sulfides and molybdenum sulfides.

Abstract: Capryl alcohol is employed as a frother in the froth flotation of silica from iron ore.

Abstract: Minerals, especially coals for power generation, can be subjected to froth flotation using as a collector a liquid which contains at least 21% aromatics or at least 41% naphthenes. Improvements in froth yield and ash-in-tailings compared with commercial products are demonstrated.

Abstract: A froth flotation process for the beneficiation of fine coal is disclosed which employs as a collector a water-dispersible polyorganosiloxane or a mixture of water-dispersible polyorganosiloxanes which contain organic radicals selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide radicals. The process of this invention is especially useful for the beneficiation of difficult-to-float fine coals.

Abstract: This invention is a froth flotation process for beneficiating finely sized mineral matter from a finely sized mineral ore pulp comprising floating the finely sized mineral ore pulp in a frothing aqueous medium comprising a collector and a carrier particle in an effective amount for beneficiating the finely sized mineral matter by flotation, wherein the carrier particles are adapted for selectively floating the finely sized mineral matter. The carrier particles of this invention should have a particle size and a density which are suitable for selectively beneficiating the finely sized mineral ore particles by froth flotation and have a surface treated with a condensation product, or acid derivative of a condensation product, of an alkanolamine with a fatty acid, a fatty acid ester, a dibasic fatty acid or a tribasic fatty acid, in a sufficient amount to render the carrier particle sufficiently hydrophobic to float in the frothing aqueous medium.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of an organic dithio-acid by reaction of the corresponding dithio-ester and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydrosulphide in a solvent in the presence of an excess of H.sub.2 S and treatment with a mineral acid. The dithioic acids so obtained can be utilized as collectors for the flotation of minerals.

Abstract: S-allyl-S'-n-butyl trithiocarbonate and N,N-dimethyl-S-benzyl dithiocarbamate are used for the flotation of molybdenum and/or copper containing ores.Sodium isopropyl xanthate and sodium n-butyl trithiocarbonate are used for the flotation of lead.

Abstract: Aliphatic complex phosphate esters or salts thereof, of a non-ionic surface active compound, are utilized together with aliphatic fatty acids as collector agents during flotation for removing titanium-based impurities from kaolin clays in a froth flotation process.

Abstract: S-carbalkoxy-S'-alkyl trithiocarbonate and n-dodecyl mercaptan are used for flotation of copper, nickel and iron-containing ores. S-carbalkoxy-S'-alkyl trithiocarbonate, n-dodecyl mercaptan and poly(propylene glycol) are used for the flotation of copper, nickel and iron-containing ores. Other ores are disclosed as being suitable for the flotation thereof with these novel compositions.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a process for the separation of ore components by flotation comprising: grinding ore to form pulp, mixing said pulp with sulfide ions and cyanide ions, adjusting the concentration of said sulfide ions to a level at least sufficient to cause depression of base metal mixed sulfides but insufficient to cause substantial activation of pyrites, and adjusting the concentration of said cyanide ions to a level at least sufficient to cause auxiliary depression of the mineral components of said ore which are required to be depressed in said flotation, but insufficient to cause overdepression of said mineral components; said sulfide ions and cyanide ions having been introduced to said pulp at predetermined times and in a predetermined sequence.

Abstract: Ammonium dialkylaminoalkyl (thiocarbonyldithio) alkanoates, alkali metal dialkylaminoalkyl (thiocarbonyldithio) alkanoates, their use as flotation agents, and a process for the production of these novel compositions are disclosed. N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl mercaptoalkanoate, its use as an intermediate in the production of the novel ammonium dialkylaminoalkyl (thiocarbonyldithio) alkanoates and alkali metal dialkylaminoalkyl (thiocarbonyldithio) alkanoates, and a process for the production of this novel composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: By dispersing a clay-containing mineral matrix in an aqueous solution of EDTA before washing or classifying the ore, one obtains a system in which the subsequently formed clays consolidate at an unexpectedly high rate and to a higher final density.

Abstract: A flotation collector composition comprises a combination of fatty acids, amidocarboxylic acids or amidosulfonic acids and partial esters of phosphoric acid and alkoxylated alcohols. The collector composition is used for upgrading nonsulfide minerals containing alkaline earth metals by froth flotation. Minerals such as apatite, calcite, scheelite, fluorspar, magnesite and baryte can be separated from the gangues using the collector composition.

Abstract: Ammonium N-carboxyalkyl-S-carboalkoxy dithiocarbamates, alkali metal N-carboxyalkyl-S-carboalkoxy dithiocarbamates, their use as flotation agents, and a process for the production of these novel compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for froth flotation separation of the components of a slurry, having particular utility for the beneficiation of coal by the flotation separation of coal particles from impurities associated therewith, such as ash and sulfur. In this arrangement, an improved open flow, spiral nozzle is positioned above a flotation tank having a bath therein, and sprays an input slurry through an aeration zone into the surface of the water. The spraying operation creates a froth on the water surface in which a substantial quantity of particulate matter floats, while other components of the slurry sink into the water bath. A skimming arrangement skims the froth from the water surface as a cleaned or beneficiated product.

Abstract: Phosphate ore is concentrated by flotation in the presence of a half-ester of an organic dicarboxylic acid, such as maleic acid, with a saturated aliphatic alcohol containing at least 11 carbon atoms. Water and oil also are present. The half-ester may be partly neutralized, e.g. with caustic soda, in an amount at most sufficient to raise the pH to 7.0.

Abstract: A mixture containing oleophilic surfaced mineral particles and oleophobic gangue particles in an aqueous phase is separated by means of an apertured oleophilic endless sieve supported in a separation zone by a revolving cylindrical cage having apertured sidewalls and supported in a recovery zone by a support roller, each section of sieve surface alternately revolves through the separation zone and recovery zone. The aqueous mixture is introduced as a slurry into the rotating cage. The endless sieve partly covers the outside surface of the cylindrical cage sidewall. An oleophilic adhesive is placed on the sieve as a coating or added to the aqueous slurry in the cage or both. The mixture tumbles inside of the cage and passes through the cage sidewall apertures to the sieve surface. The oleophilic mineral particles of the mixture adhere to the oleophilic adhesive and are captured by the sieve upon contact and conveyed out of the separation zone into the recovery zone.

Abstract: A process for the selective recovery of cadmium, molybdenum, zinc, nickel and other metal values from wet process phosphoric acid and other acidic to slightly basic carrier solutions, wherein the metal-bearing solution is contacted with an organophosphene extractant to precipitate the metal values for subsequent separation from the solution. Separation may be effected by mechanical means or by scrubbing with a water-immiscible organic solvent such as kerosene for subsequent recovery of the metal values. The metal specie recovered is determined by the concentration of the organophosphene, which may be selectively adjusted to recover a series of metal values in a sequence of stages.

Abstract: A composition comprising a mixture containing both the following compounds in substantial quantities(a) S-allyl-S'-n-butyl trithiocarbonate; and(b) a compound selected from the group consisting of N,N,S-triethyl dithiocarbamate, N,N-diethyl-S-n-butyl dithiocarbamate, and mixtures thereof, is used for the flotation of molybdenum, copper, nickel, zinc and iron-containing ores.

Abstract: The invention is a process of concentrating sulfide ores, which comprises subjecting a sulfide ore, in the form of a pulp, to a flotation process in the presence of a flotation collector for the sulfides comprising a 1,3-oxathiolane-2-thione or a 1,3-dithiolane-2-thione.

Abstract: A process for recovering a probertite concentrate from ore in which the major borate mineral is probertite which comprises crushing the ore, desliming at 14 to 20 microns and floating the deslimed ore to recover the concentrate.

Abstract: A method of producing concentrates of colemanite and probertite from mixed low grade ore which involves desliming at different particle sizes for colemanite and probertite recovery.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the beneficiation of oil shale comprising comminuting oil shale to a maximum particle size that maximizes the separation efficiency index of a physical separation method at a predetermined product yield. The oil shale particles are then separated into organic-rich product and organic-lean refuse by the physical separation methods in which the product yield is adjusted to maximize the separation efficiency index of the separation. Preferred physical separation methods include gravity separation, hydraulic separation by tabling, froth flotation and oil agglomeration.

Abstract: A collector for use in concentrating metal values in ores by flotation, said collector comprising a mixture of (A) an O-alkyl N-alkylthionocarbamate wherein each alkyl radicals has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and (B) at least 30 percent by weight of (A) of a normally liquid tall oil fatty acid fraction.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved process wherein coal particles are beneficiated by froth flotation under coal froth flotation conditions to separate the desired coal particles from remaining unwanted ash and like gangue material. The improvement of the present invention comprises conducting the froth flotation in the presence of an ester-alcohol frothing agent. The preferred ester-alcohol frothing agents are reaction products of C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 mono-basic carboxylic acids and diols wherein the total number of carbon atoms range from about 6-19 and monocarboxylic acid esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols which can contain up to 25-30 carbon atoms.

Abstract: S-Allyl-S'-n-butyl-trithiocarbonate and S-benzyl-S'-n-butyltrithiocarbonate, their use and flotation agents and a process to make these novel compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: In a treatment of carnallitic ores by treatment with a decomposition-brine containing amounts of MgCl.sub.2, KCl and NaCl suitable for precipitating artificial sylvinite in a solution of MgCl.sub.2 saturated in KCl and NaCl, the improvement of adding to said decomposition-brine a collector, e.g., a fatty amine acetate, for the flotation of KCl and a source of gas, preferably a gas-liberating additive such as H.sub.2 O.sub.2, so as to contact newly formed crystal nucleii of KCl selectively with said collector and to contact bubbles of said gas with said collector so as to form a froth enriched in KCl simultaneously with the decomposition of said carnallite, the process being particularly useful for treatment of underground carnallitic ore whereby the froth and brine are withdrawn at the surface, separated, and the brine, after make-up additions, is recycled to the ore formation.

Abstract: Method of treating a clay to remove therefrom titanium mineral impurities comprising the steps of mixing an aqueous clay with a collector for the titanium mineral impurities, a reducing agent, and, if needed, an activator preferably comprising a water-soluble ferrous salt; conditioning the resulting mixture of aqueous clay slurry, collector, reducing agent and activator to dissipate therein at least 25 horsepower hours of energy per ton of solids; subjecting the conditioned mixture to froth flotation and removing titanium impurities with the froth; and recovering clay having a reduced titanium minerals impurities content. The method includes the case where the activator is a ferrous salt formed in situ from iron impurities in the clay formed by adding said reducing agent in place of some or all of added activator.

Abstract: A method of treating a clay to remove therefrom titanium mineral impurities comprising the steps of mixing an aqueous slurry of said clay having a high solids content with an activator and a collector for the titanium mineral impurities; conditioning the aqueous clay slurry at said high solids content for a time sufficient to dissipate therein at least 25 horsepower hours of energy per ton of solids; adding to the conditioned aqueous clay slurry a polyacrylate salt deflocculant; subjecting the conditioned aqueous clay slurry undiluted containing the polyacrylate salt deflocculant to a froth flotation process and removing the titanium impurities with the froth; and recovering clay having a reduced titanium minerals impurities content.

Abstract: A process for separating scheelite from gange wherein the ore is ground with 0.4 to 10 grams of alkali metal carbonate per kg. of ore, forming a pulp and removing sulfide minerals from pulp liquor. Carrying out froth floatation in the presence of paraffin oil, 0.1-0.4 gram of fatty acid per kg. of ore and 3.2-5.5 grams of sodium silicate per kg. of ore wherein the weight ratio of paraffin oil to fatty acid is 0.5:1 to 2.8:1.

Abstract: A phosphate ore flotation process subjecting a phosphate ore containing carbonate mineral impurities to froth flotation in the presence of modifying agents, said modifying agents being alkyl phosphonic acids and hydrofluoric acid, and a collector, said collector being fatty acids; collecting the phosphate and carbonate minerals as rougher concentrate from the overflow; subjecting the phosphate and carbonate mineral concentrate to a differential desorption with an acid to remove the fatty acid from the surface of the phosphate mineral; removing the separated carbonate minerals from the overflow; and recovering the phosphate values in the underflow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating a cassiterite ore, characterized in that, just before the flotation operation, said ore is subjected to a preliminary flotation operation, using an amphoteric collector of formula: ##STR1## in which: R is R.sub.1 or R.sub.1 --O-- or ##STR2## R' is H, CH.sub.3, polyoxyalkyl or R(CH.sub.2).sub.3 or A.sub.q --Z, R" is H or A.sub.q --ZAp and A.sub.q are polymethylene chains,Z is selected from the carboxylic, sulfonic or phosphonic groups.

Abstract: An improved method in concentrating oxide ores by froth flotation process which comprises subjecting a sufficiently fine sized ore of a metal which can change the valency state from higher to lower by the action of inorganic reducing compounds in the presence of an effective amount of dihydroxyoleic acid collector-frother; the indicated compounds provide selectivity and/or recovery of oxide minerals of iron, manganese, tin, titanium, vanadium, and wolfram, over silica and silicate gangue.

Abstract: In the froth flotation of coal, especially coking coal, improved results are observed when using as a collector an oil distillate cut within the range 80.degree. to 250.degree. C., containing less than 20% by weight of naphthenes, less than 20% by weight of aromatic content and more than 60% by weight of n-alkanes and branched-alkanes. Preferably, the collector is used with a polyglycol ether "frother".

Abstract: The froth flotation of coal in the presence of a condensate of an alkanolamine with at least about 0.8 equivalent of a fatty acid improves the separation of carbonaceous solids possessing relatively high heat value from ash and other inert mineral matter. Flotation in the presence of this condensate is particularly effective to enhance the recovery of oxidized bituminous coal.

Abstract: The invention provides a new and improved process for beneficiating ores which comprises a single cationic float using an etherdiamine as the cationic collector following washing the feed with aqueous alkali metal silicate.

Abstract: A method for continuously processing a kaolin clay which has relatively poor high-shear viscosity when prepared as a high-solids suspension, so as to obtain therefrom a fraction having a value of high-shear viscosity in high-solids suspension which is low relative to the starting clay, thereby being desirable for use in coating of paper. The method comprises the steps of forming the kaolin clay into a dilute aqueous suspension having from 10% to 20% solids by weight and forming said suspension into a continuous flow stream; mixing the stream of flowing suspension at a given point with from about 0.001% to 0.

Abstract: An improved method for concentration of nickel, cobalt, and bismuth minerals from their ores by froth flotation process which comprises; subjecting a sufficiently fine sized ore of nickel, or cobalt, or bismuth metals in the presence of nitrosoguanidine cyclohexanol or pyridil ketoxime cyclohexanol, or phenethylcyclohexanedioxime, pr pyridil ketoxime, nitrosoguanidine; the indicated compounds provide selectivity and recovery of nickel, and cobalt, and bismuth minerals from distinct mineral slurry of said metal values.

Abstract: A method of increasing the yield of coal undergoing a concentration treatment of froth flotation by using as the collector an alkyl phenol formaldehyde condensate product having 4-5 phenolic nuclei with the alkyl group of said phenol having between 4-15 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Sodium diethyl dithiophosphate and sodium ethyl trithiocarbonate are used for the flotation of molybdenum and/or copper containing ores.S-allyl-S'-n-butyl trithiocarbonate and N,N-dimethyl-S-benzyl dithiocarbamate are used for the flotation of molybdenum and/or copper containing ores.Sodium isopropyl xanthate and sodium n-butyl trithiocarbonate are used for the flotation of lead.

Abstract: A process for rutile flotation from rutile ores associated with iron containing components, in which process an alcoholic solution is employed of N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine as a flotation collector of rutile. This process is especially suitable for rutile separation by flotation from rutile-hematite ores, with the use of said selective collector at pH values between 1 and 2.5.

Abstract: Beneficiation of ores, especially phosphate ores, is improved by using deionized or softened water in the conditioning step.

Abstract: A reagent and a method for using the reagent for treating a solid material disposed in a liquid medium and having an oxygen-controlled surface condition. The reagent includes a liquid hydrocarbon, a reducing material and an activator material. The liquid hydrocarbon has a specific gravity different from the specific gravity of the liquid medium. The reducing material is present in an amount sufficient to establish a reducing environment around the solid material for breaking the oxygen control on the surface of the solid material. The activator material is present in an amount sufficient to establish an electrostatic charge on the solid material after the oxygen-controlled surface condition has been broken. A more specific feature of the invention is directed to the method of flotation of extremely fine bituminous coal having an oxygen-controlled surface condition. The reagent is useful in froth flotation processes and in bath flotation and separation processes.

Abstract: A phosphate ore flotation process subjecting a phosphate ore containing carbonate mineral impurities to froth flotation in the presence of modifying agents, said modifying agents being alkyl phosphonic acids and hydrofluoric acid, and a collector, said collector being fatty acids; collecting the phosphate and carbonate minerals as rougher concentrate from the overflow; subjecting the phosphate and carbonate mineral concentrate to a differential desorption with an acid to remove the fatty acid from the surface of the phosphate mineral; removing the separated carbonate minerals from the overflow; and recovering the phosphate values in the underflow.

Abstract: A phosphate ore flotation process comprising subjecting a phosphate ore containing surface-activated silica and silicates to froth flotation in the presence of a fatty-acid collector, recovering the phosphate concentrate from the overflow; removing the fatty acid collector from the phosphate concentrate in the presence of a sulfuric acid deoiling agent; subjecting the phosphate concentrate to a reverse froth flotation in the presence of a silica collector and a modifier, said silica collector being an amine and said modifier being either alkyl diphosphonic acid, or being HF; removing the separated silica from the overflow; and recovering the phosphate product in the underflow. The process of the present invention not only overcomes the problems of activated silica flotation, but also results in greatly improved grade and/or recovery of phosphate product in comparison to present conventional phosphate ore flotation processing.