Abstract: A high throughput, positive pressure, gravity operated dewatering system for hydraulic fluids, lubricating fluids, and petroleum based fluids comprises a gravity operated dewatering chamber receiving the industrial fluid and a source of positive pressure drying air coupled to the dewatering chamber.

Abstract: Transgenic microbes with an altered electrogenic efficacy, biofilms comprising such microbes, and microbial fuel cells comprising such microbes are provided. The microbial fuel cells can be operated as monitors, filtration devices, and sensors.

Abstract: A clarifier for attachment with a water treatment facility, the clarifier having inlet means for water coming in from the treatment facility and outlet means for clarified water, and means for removing bottom sludge from the clarification tank. The clarifier is divided into a supply chamber with said inlet means opening thereto, as well as a clarification chamber with said outlet connection opening thereto. Between the chambers is a separating partition, which extends from a top region of the clarifier downward to terminate at a distance from a bottom part of the clarifier for establishing a gap between the partition's lower edge and the bottom part, said chambers being thereby in flow communication with each other.

Abstract: An assembly of immersed filtering membrane modules on the order of a cassette or larger are aerated in a series of air-on or high flow rate periods, each in the range of 0.5 to 20 seconds long, separated by longer air-off or low flow rate periods, each in the range of 5 to 40 seconds long. A manifold is in fluid communication with one or more aerators. The manifold and aerators are located in association with the modules. The assembly of immersed filtering membrane modules are provided with a burst of air from the plurality of aerators. The aerators may be fed with a continuous supply of air. The modules may be connected together in a cassette or rack. Bubbles from the aerators may be redirected or dissipated with a deflector before they contact the modules.

Abstract: A filtration apparatus (2) includes a pressurized cylindrical pressure vessel (4) having a longitudinal axis (X) and a shaft (8) having a longitudinal axis (Y) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis (X). A plurality of rotatable membrane filter discs (6) are arranged along the shaft (8). The membrane filter discs (6) are spaced-apart from each other, attached to the shaft (8) and oriented transverse to the longitudinal axis (Y) of the shaft (8). An interior (10) of the membrane filter discs (6) are in fluid communication with a permeate discharge channel (12) extending parallel to the longitudinal axis (X) of the pressure vessel (4). The pressure vessel (4) has a cylindrical inner geometry without any significant obstruction elements. The longitudinal axis (X) of the pressure vessel (4) is laterally offset from the longitudinal axis (Y) of the shaft (8) and/or the membrane filter discs (6) are oval-shaped.

Abstract: A multistage immersion type membrane separator includes a liquid air separator, the liquid air separator including an outlet tube, an inlet tube, and a skirt. The outlet tube is cylindrical and has a outlet tube diameter, and the inlet pipe has an inlet pipe diameter of less than the outlet tube diameter. The inlet pipe is attached to and in communication with the outlet tube so that a mixed flow of air and liquid passing through the inlet tube is introduced into the outlet tube and flows circumferentially around the inside of the outlet tube. The inlet pipe is attached to the cylindrical outlet tube so that the inlet pipe is perpendicular to the outlet tube. The outlet tube has two ends, one end being closed and the other end being open. The skirt is attached to the outlet tube and is concentric with the outlet tube. The skirt is attached to the closed end of the outlet tube, and extends to just past the point of attachment of the inlet tube to the outlet tube.

Abstract: A highly efficient means for progressively backwashing and fluidizing filter media in packed media filtration systems utilized for removing contaminants from wastewater is disclosed. The means is suited for use with a generally unsaturated filter with air and water flowing concurrently in a downward direction during treatment. During periodic backwashing, a pump provides treated wastewater from a holding tank to an underdrain and a pressurized water jet configured as an eductor within the filter vessel to progressively fluidize, backwash and redistribute the media. Fluidized media flow induced by the water jet is turbulently transported to the top of the filter vessel in an upflow pipe, wherein excess biofilm is scoured from the media. Scoured biofilm leaves the filter with backwash water through an overflow conduit and an exit port. Backwashing removes excess solids caught in the filter media and controls the biofilm thickness and the nature of the biofilm.

Abstract: Aqueous liquid having an oxygen demand flows into a treatment vessel where it is treated by suspended aerobic bacterial solids in the presence of dissolved oxygen. A pressurised flow of the treated liquid passes to a clarifying membrane separator effective to separate the flow into a discharge stream of clear liquid and a pressurised recycle stream concentrated in the aerobic bacterial solids. A first oxic gas is employed to scour the membranes and is conveyed away from the membrane separator in the pressurised recycle stream. The pressurised recycle stream is returned to under the surface of the liquid in the treatment vessel. A second oxic gas is introduced either into the pressurised recycle stream or into a further pressurised stream of aqueous liquid flowing into the same volume. The rate of introduction of the oxic gases is controlled with reference to the pH and dissolved oxygen concentration of the liquid in the vessel.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a moving bed membrane bioreactor. The moving bed membrane bioreactor package plant comprises a pre-treatment system, a moving bed membrane bioreactor, and a post-treatment system. This disclosure further relates to mechanical devices and operational processes for a moving bed membrane bioreactor package plant for greywater and wastewater reclamation and reuse. This disclosure further relates to a bioreactor for greywater reclamation that integrates biofilm carriers with a hollow fibre membrane module and dual aeration system.

Abstract: A method for removing methane from biogas is described. The method includes: (i) receiving biogas including methane and other components into a first tank; (ii) receiving water into the first tank; (iii) contacting the biogas with the water inside the first tank; (iv) dispensing methane gas from an outlet of the first tank; and (v) producing from the tank an effluent stream that includes other components of the biogas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating slurries of organic solids is disclosed. A slurry of organic solids is admixed with hydrogen peroxide, followed by exposure to microwave irradiation resulting in the heating of the mixture and enhanced hydrolysis of the organic solids. The treated slurry of organic solids can then be further treated in a variety of downstream processes, including solid separation, digestion and fermentation. The supernatant portion of the treated slurry of organic solids can be a source from which to recover compounds such as nutrients (for example nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, magnesium, calcium) or industrial organic compounds (such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid), or as a source of readily biodegradable organic compounds for supplementing a biological wastewater treatment process, digester or fermenter.

Abstract: A multistage dissolved air flotation and advanced oxidation (MDAF-AO) system/method with multi-functions in oil recovery, solids removal, emulsion breaking, and advanced oxidation. Influent, with oil and suspended solids, enters a first stage for oil recovery includes a gas ionizer and an air dissolving pump. A second stage includes of two coagulation/flotation compartments connected in serial to enhance solids removal efficiencies. Micro air bubbles are created by air dissolving pumps in each compartment. A third stage is for the emulsion breaking unit to further remove or recover the emulsified oils. A fourth stage includes advanced oxidation by using ultraviolet (UV) and hydrogen peroxide to oxidize and disinfect the bacteria and microorganisms.

Abstract: A fluid treatment system includes a fluid source, at least one anaerobic reactor vessel, and at least one aerobic reactor vessel. The anaerobic reactor vessel contains retaining a set of retaining structures that are at least partially coated with an anaerobic biofilm. The aerobic reactor vessel contains an aerobic biofilm. When fluid from the fluid source is exposed to the anaerobic biofilm, the anaerobic biofilm removes one or more metal substances from the fluid. When the fluid is exposed to the aerobic biofilm, the aerobic biofilm may cause organic materials in the fluid to metabolize. The system also may include a precipitation reactor that separates divalent metals from the fluid, a settling facility that forms a slurry comprising separated metals, and a neutralization reactor that modifies the fluid to a substantially neutral pH.

Abstract: A module for use in a membrane bio film reactor is described, and systems comprising such modules are described. The module comprises a fabric formed from a sheet of hollow-fiber membranes and a spacer material situated between adjacent membrane sheets, which are wound around a central core tube in the module.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes an outer tank, an aeration chamber partition located within the outer tank and forming an aeration chamber, and a draft tube located within the outer tank and vertically extending into the bottom of the aeration chamber to communicate the aeration chamber with an outer chamber formed. A submerged aerator is located within the draft tube. An inlet communicates influent into the aeration chamber and an outlet communicates effluent out of the outer tank. A scum baffle prevents floating solids from entering the outlet. The outer tank has an effluent weir which supports the scum baffle and the scum baffle has an upward facing flange that supports the aeration chamber partition. An air intake pipe extending to the aerator through an upper end of the draft tube has support members engaging a top of the draft tube to support the aerator within the draft tube.

Abstract: System and process for the purification of water The water produced is treated with a selective oxidant obtained from the air without contaminants. The water obtained, together with the selective oxidant, is treated through a chemical process, denominated batch process, in a pressurized primary sterilization vessel. The reaction dwell time, and the analytical control, ensure purification; by means of a system of circulation pump and adsorption chamber specific for the chemical treatment realized, the purified water is deposited in a vessel for water for consumption, which water may be prepared with minerals and/or vitamins and/or carbohydrates with the objective of satisfying the full requirements of the population. Furthermore, an electronic unit monitors and controls the movements required to ensure excellent purification and, moreover, that the entire system is sterile at all times.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sewage treatment apparatus, more specifically to a sewage treatment apparatus which does not only supply high quality treated water with uniform diffusion of microorganism mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and organic matters during hydraulic retention time (HRT), but also provides the target quality of treated water by adaptively treating changes in the quality of inflow water and properly removing nitrogen and phosphorus without the need for internal recycling.

Abstract: Wastesolution treatment systems and methods are provided which may remove particulates and hydrocarbons from wastesolution. Embodiments may be used to treat scrubber wastesolution from exhaust gas cleaning (“EGC”) systems. Some embodiments may be used with terrestrial EGC systems and others may be used for maritime ship EGC systems. Certain embodiments remove free phase oil and particulates from the wastesolution. Some embodiments may utilize a fixed film biogenerator cultured with hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms to reduce the concentration of oils in the water. Certain embodiments may utilize a biofilter with granulated activated carbon (“GAC”) to adsorb contaminants in the water. Other embodiments may utilize GAC cultured with hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms to reduce oil concentration in the water. The wastesolution may be recirculated through the system until the measured contaminant concentration drops below a threshold value.

Abstract: A unit for performing waste water treatment provides a simple and inexpensive approach to purifying water on a small scale at remote locations.

Abstract: A scrubbing system and method reduces volatile organic compound (VOC) vapors released during hydraulic fracturing. The water created by the process itself is used to help control the VOCs. During the collection process, the water and VOCs separate in a tank. A small amount of the water from below the separated VOCs is pumped to atomization equipment above the flowback liquid. In the preferred embodiment, rotary atomizers are used to create a mist of very fine droplets. Emulsifiers may be added to the water at the atomizer. The mist containing the emulsifiers is distributed throughout the space above the flowback water in the tank and on the liquid surface and walls of the tank. The mixing of the mist containing the emulsifiers and the VOC vapor allows the emulsifiers to capture the VOC vapor and return it to the liquid surface.

Abstract: An improved induced-gas separation vessel made according to this invention and method for its use includes an elongated, horizontally oriented vessel having compartments defined by adjacent pairs of perforated baffles which span the width but not the height of the vessel. One or more gas eductors are located within each compartment. An inlet device controls the momentum or velocity of the incoming water stream and rapidly converts it to horizontal flow prior to it encountering the first perforated baffle. The design of each baffle is such that the flow of water through each perforated baffle is a laminar or smooth flow without any change in direction. By controlling incoming velocity and providing perforated baffles, water distribution within the vessel is increased as is volumetric utilization. The total volumetric use of the vessel is at least 50% and can be as great as 80%.

Abstract: A fluidized membrane bioreactor comprising a bioreactor including biochemically active organisms; fluidized particles which is a support media to be attached by the organisms; and membranes which permit treated water to pass through except the organisms, wherein the fluidized particles are in direct contact with the membranes. The membranes are installed internally or externally to the bioreactor. The particles may be granular activated carbon or other suitable materials. The fluidized particles serve not only as support media for microorganisms, but also as media for sorption or otherwise retention of matter that can cause membrane fouling and as an abrasive material for cleaning the membrane surface.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for intimately coupling advanced oxidation process (AOP) with biodegradation for the treatment of contaminated water. The system comprises a particulate bed having carrier particles that have a microbial film effective for biodegrading contaminants in the contaminated water. An advanced oxidation reagent is irradiated by a radiation source to provide an advanced oxidation reagent effective for oxidizing recalcitrant compounds in the contaminated water to form biodegradable byproducts. The microbial film is effective for biodegrading the byproducts substantially immediately after they are produced. The carrier particles are also effective for protecting the microbial film from the radiation and/or the recalcitrant compounds.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes independent wastewater treatment facilities. Each of the facilities has a number of wastewater treatment subsystems. A wastewater collection subsystem holds wastewater to be treated. A pump subsystem moves wastewater from a wastewater collector to a filtration subsystem having a bioreacting filter. The filter has a sump and a fluidized-bed filter therein and supports the filter upright. The filter has an upwardly expanding, hollow, conical filter body with filter media. A monitoring subsystem measures wastewater process parameters. Control devices receive control commands and, dependent upon the command received, alter parameters of the wastewater treatment subsystems.

Abstract: A dual-chambered horizontal flow water treatment system and method provides a first chamber with a first filtration system connected with a second chamber with a second filtration system in a horizontal orientation, such that influent water first passes through the first chamber and then passes through the second chamber. The influent water moves through the first chamber and second chamber in a horizontal flow path to provide for pre-filtering with the first filtration system before traveling through granular media in the second filtration system.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and process for wastewater treatment. The apparatus can include a basin for receiving a liquid to be treated, the liquid having a direction of flow, and a plurality of pendant sheets for supporting the growth of microorganisms, disposed within the basin and in contact with the liquid, wherein the pendant sheets are oriented parallel to the direction of flow of the liquid.

Abstract: In a first membrane filtration module comprises a membrane module comprising a plurality of permeable hollow membranes; a fluid distribution device adapted to removably surround at least a portion of the membranes of the membrane module, the fluid distribution device comprising a plurality of through-hole openings for distributing a fluid, and the fluid distribution device adapted to distribute a flow of fluid along a surface of the permeable hollow membranes. In a second membrane filtration device comprises a membrane module comprising a plurality of permeable hollow membranes, each of the permeable hollow membranes having a surface; and a gas distribution device: adapted to distribute gas bubbles to the surface of the permeable hollow membrane, adapted to removably surround at least a portion of the plurality of permeable hollow membranes, and defining a plurality of through openings for distributing the gas bubbles to the membranes.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a membrane surface immersed in a liquid medium with a fluid flow, including the steps of providing a randomly generated intermittent or pulsed fluid flow along the membrane surface to dislodge fouling materials therefrom. A membrane module is also disclosed comprising a plurality of porous membranes (6) or a set of membrane modules (5) and a device (11) for providing a generally randomly generated, pulsed fluid flow such that, in use, said fluid flow moves past the surfaces of said membranes (6) to dislodge fouling materials therefrom.

Abstract: A floating streambed comprising a circulation pump having an inlet hose or pipe, an inlet hose or pipe depth adjuster, and one or more treatment channels comprised of permeable matrix. The floating streambed floats on a water body. Water enters the inlet hose or pipe from the water body and is pumped by the circulation pump into the treatment channels. The treatment channels are comprised of permeable matrix, and water entering the treatment channels flows both horizontally through the treatment channel and into the water body and also vertically downward through the permeable matrix of the treatment channels.

Abstract: The wastewater treatment system provides multiple techniques for decontaminating wastewater contained within a single system, thus optimizing the decontamination of the wastewater. In one embodiment, the wastewater treatment system includes a steel-reinforced plastic tank having first and second partition walls dividing the tank into first, second and third chambers. The first chamber includes at least one first effluent filter and further contains anaerobic bacteria for removal of organic waste material from the wastewater received therein. The first chamber is configured for at least partial removal of particulate and organic matter from the wastewater. The second chamber includes an air diffuser and further contains aerobic bacteria for further removal of organic waste material from the wastewater received therein. The third chamber includes a sludge pump assembly and at least one second effluent filter. Resultant purified water is selectively discharged from the third chamber through an outlet port.

Abstract: Integrated membrane treatment systems for treatment of an aqueous solution. In embodiments, components, such as an MBR, are integrated with means to recover energy from the system, for example from an RO concentrate, to operate the other components. In embodiments including biological treatment, RO is integrated with other components, such as an MBR with the ROs ability to remove inorganic nitrogen enabling biological treatment to be performed with only partial nitrification and the MBR operated without active pH control. In embodiments, RO is integrated with a chlorine generator to convert chlorides present in the RO concentrate for an in-situ source of oxidizing biocides for disinfection purposes. Chloramines may be generated in-situ from residual ammonia and chlorides in the RO reject. In embodiments, carrier media is employed in a membrane tank to enhance removal of residual organics by the MBR and to also improve effectiveness of membrane scouring.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating organic waste and producing solid fuel or compost from the treated organic waste.

Abstract: There is disclosed a desalinization apparatus, and methods related to desalinization. In an embodiment, a desalinization apparatus includes at least one port for receiving airflow therethrough, at least one port for receiving salt water therethrough, at least one output for providing outflow of pure water vapor, and at least one output for proving outflow of a mixture of water, salt and air; and a plurality of chambers for evaporating the salt water into the airflow, at least one of the chambers forming a plurality of ports arranged in a plurality of rows. In an embodiment, a method includes providing airflow to a desalinization apparatus; providing salt water to the desalinization apparatus; forming a vortex in the airflow to evaporate water vapor from the salt water; and providing the water vapor in the airflow to a condenser so as to obtain pure water.

Abstract: The present invention includes a system for recycling wash water, having a first separator configured to separate solids from wash water, a second separator configured to separate oil from wash water, a bioreactor configured to bacterially consume solids from wash water, a third separator configured to further separate solids from wash water, an oxidation chamber configured to sterilize and oxygenate wash water, an aeration tray configured to further oxygenate wash water, a storage tank configured to store wash water, and a pump configured to pump wash water from the storage tank to the bioreactor. The present invention also includes a process and method associated with the use and function of the system.

Abstract: Anaerobic Wastewater treatment system and process in which the influent is passed through a mixing chamber and then through a series of filters of progressively smaller size to separate the materials carrying the colonized bacteria from finer solids in the influent and separate the materials according to size in a completely enclosed and flooded environment. The materials from the filters are progressively reduced to a smaller size, the materials of smaller size are returned to the mixing chamber, and new influent is inoculated with the colonized bacteria carried by the materials returned to the mixing chamber.

Abstract: An assembly of modules on the order of a cassette or larger are aerated simultaneously in a series of air-on or high flow rate periods, each in the range of 0.5 to 20 seconds long, separated by longer air-off or low flow rate periods, each in the range of 5 to 40 seconds long. A plurality of aerators located in association with a plurality of modules are provided with a burst of air simultaneously from a shared air accumulator or pulsator connected to all of the aerators. The air accumulator or pulsator may be fed with a continuous supply of air. The plurality of modules may be connected together in a cassette or rack. The accumulator or pulsator may be located outside of a tank of water containing the membranes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas-collection-type gas-liquid reaction device, and to a water treatment apparatus and gas purification apparatus using same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a gas-collection-type gas-liquid reaction device which can reduce the costs, such as installation costs and operation costs, of a water treatment apparatus and gas-cleaning apparatus by improving reaction efficiency through an increase in contact time between a gas and liquid, wherein gas and liquid materials are fed through an upper inlet of the gas-liquid reaction device, and a relatively lightweight gas collected from an upper space of the gas-liquid reaction device can react with a liquid fed and sprayed into an upper portion over a predetermined period of time until the gas is discharged through a lower outlet of the gas-liquid reaction device.

Abstract: A separation apparatus for separating mud from water has an input tank device, a pipe device and a first separating assembly. The input tank device has an input tank. The pipe device has a first pipe having a first end and a second end. The first end of the first pipe is connected securely to the input tank. The first separating assembly has a main structure having a hydrocyclone. The hydrocyclone is connected to the second end of the first pipe. Accordingly, the hydrocyclone can efficiently and quickly separate mud from liquid of the raw water in the input tank.

Abstract: A bioretention module (40) for treating water is provided, which includes a side wall (42), and a base (41) having drainage openings (44) therein, wherein the side wall (42) and base (41) are configured to contain a filtration medium in which plants can be grown. A system for treating water is also provided, which includes one or more bioretention modules (40) placed in a filtration zone (14) to form a filtration layer (22), wherein the modules are configured to be removable from the filtration zone (14).

Abstract: A filter media supporting the biological treatment and filtering of fluids and the method thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for treating wastewater. The system includes a bioreactor which defines a basin for receiving wastewater to be treated; a membrane module in fluid communication with the bioreactor; and a dissolution tank. The tank includes a pressure vessel that contains a portion of the wastewater to be treated and provides a regulated, pressurized gas head space above the wastewater. The tank also includes at least one liquid spray nozzle that permits passage of the wastewater into the gas head space of the pressure vessel and an outlet for discharging the wastewater having a desired gas concentration from the pressure vessel. The system also includes a pumping mechanism for supplying the wastewater to the spray nozzle of the tank such that fluid droplets are formed in the gas head space and the gas contained within the pressurized head space is dissolved into the wastewater.

Abstract: A process for the thermophilic aerobic treatment of concentrated organic waste water includes the following stages: subjecting the waste water to a fluidized-bed thermophilic aerobic biological treatment, inside a closed reactor, provided with a thermostat control system and a hydraulic recirculation system; subjecting the water to an ultrafiltration treatment; and discharging treated waste water, wherein pure oxygen O2 is insufflated inside the reactor; lime Ca(OH)2 is available during the fluidized-bed thermophilic aerobic biological treatment, whereby the lime forms by reacting with carbon dioxide generated by the degradation of the organic substrate in the biological process, a natural inert supporting medium consisting of microparticles of calcium carbonate, and the microparticles enable the development thereon of an adherent aerobic bacterial flora. A plant that implements the process of thermophilic aerobic treatment of concentrated organic waste water is also described.

Abstract: A water treatment unit includes a mixing chamber surrounding the upper end of a riser containing an impeller. Water can be moved from a body of water up through the riser, and out through laterally directed openings into the chamber adjacent to an air inlet. The water moving out the laterally directed openings of the stand pipe, mixes with air drawn in through the air inlet to oxygenate the water, and the oxygenated water exits the chamber into the body of water through one or more water outlets in the lower portion of the chamber due to the head developed by the inflow of water into the chamber. The outward flow of water from the chamber can cause a toroidal or other desired flow of water within the body of water surrounding the water treatment apparatus.

Abstract: Biologically treated wastewater is directed as mixed liquor from a treatment tank to a downstream filtration tank having a having a submerged membrane module extending across the cross-sectional area of the filtration tank. Mixed liquor is directed from the bottom of the filtration tank upwardly into the membrane module such that substantially all of the mixed liquor received in the bottom of the filtration tank flows through the membrane module. A permeate stream is produced. A portion of a non-permeate stream is recirculated to the treatment tank. The filtration tank is sized such that there is no substantial recycle of mixed liquor in the filtration tank. Once the mixed liquor in the filtration tank makes one pass through the membrane module the mixed liquor is recycled to the treatment tank and generally not permitted to be recycled through the membrane module without first returning to the treatment tank.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for reclamation of waste fluids. A conditioning container is employed for receipt of waste material on a continuous flow for treatment within the container by immersible transducers producing ultrasonic acoustic waves in combination with a high level of injected ozone. The invention discloses a cost efficient and environmentally friendly process and apparatus for cleaning and recycling of flowback, or frac water, which has been used to stimulate gas production from shale formations. The apparatus is mobile and containerized and suitable for installation at the well site.

Abstract: A treatment device for stormwater is provided that comprises a container which in use contains a growing medium and a hydrodynamic separator located within the container. The hydrodynamic separator comprises a separation chamber, an inlet duct extending from the outside of the container to the separation chamber, a solids outlet; and a liquid outlet that opens into the container. In use, liquid flow containing solids enters the separation chamber through the inlet duct and is caused to swirl within the separation chamber, thereby causing solids to exit the separation chamber through the solids outlet and liquid to exit the separation chamber through the liquid outlet and to flow into the growing medium.

Abstract: A bubble generator for generating gas bubbles for a flotation vessel, the bubble generator including at least one inlet through which a water stream can enter the bubble generator; at least one pair of electrodes capable of electrically decomposing water to create gas bubbles; and at least one outlet through which water entrained with gas bubbles can exit the bubble generator. In use, at least one of the outlets is in fluid communication with a flotation vessel containing waste water including contaminants, the gas bubbles being used to separate at least a portion of the contaminants from the waste water in the flotation vessel.

Abstract: An immersion type membrane module unit includes: an immersion type membrane module for membrane separation activated sludge filtration; an extended wall extending from a lower end of the membrane module and surrounding a space downward of the membrane module; and a membrane aerating air diffusion device disposed at one of a lower portion in the space and a position around and downward of the space and having a plurality of air diffusion holes arranged in a plane, and the membrane module has separation membranes with gaps therebetween and the extended wall receives bubbles output through the air diffusion holes and guides the bubbles to the gaps.

Abstract: A filter apparatus that while maintaining a high revolution speed, realizes reduction of filter element vibration.

Abstract: Flat-sheet membrane filter assemblies require open space around equipment to form a viable path for an internal recycle or roll pattern. Creating a dedicated roll pattern for individual filter assemblies is space intensive and imposes process constraints on tank dimensions. A hollow wall or series of pipes forms a recycle wall designed to consolidate roll patterns and reduces space requirements. The recycle wall is designed such that the structural components also serve as a mixed liquor distribution system for the necessary roll pattern. Fixed vertically oriented conduit and sectional channel pieces allow for easy access and removal of membrane filter assemblies installed side by side. Feeding mixed liquor, air and or influent to the bottom of filter assemblies via submerged conduit improves process efficiency when coupled with return channels spaced not more than 10 feet away and above assemblies.