Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating ballast water, the apparatus being capable of treating ballast water so as to meet the ballast water standard established by the IMO exactly at low costs. The treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises a filter (4) that filters sea water to trap aquatic organisms, a bactericide supply apparatus (5) that supplies bactericide to the filtrate sea water, and a venturi tube 7 that introduces the sea water to which the bactericide is added, to produce cavitation in the sea water, thereby diffusing the bactericide and also damaging and destroying aquatic organisms in the sea water.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus and method for treating fluid in a pool, spa, or water tank, etc., using ozone and treated air. A fluid filter is placed in an auxiliary reservoir or a smaller fluid tank located in or next to the pool, spa, or main water tank. An ozone generator pumps a combination of ozone and air into the smaller fluid tank. Fluid in the smaller fluid tank passes through a filter and back into the main reservoir without the use of any fluid pump. More specifically, a vertical lift tube is placed beneath the smaller fluid tank so that the open top of the lift tube is within the smaller fluid tank. Fluid from the main reservoir is piped to the bottom of the lift tube. Ozone and air from the ozone generator is also piped into the lift tube near its bottom. The fluid flows through the filter due to the effect of ozone and air bubbles released by a diffuser at the bottom of the lift tube.

Abstract: A system for treating feedwater to remove contaminants therefrom, the system comprising at least one high shear mixing device comprising at least one generator comprising a rotor and a stator separated by a shear gap, wherein the shear gap is the minimum distance between the rotor and the stator, and wherein the high shear mixing device is capable of producing a tip speed of the rotor of greater than 22.9 m/s (4,500 ft/min) and a pump configured for delivering feedwater and treatment gas selected from oxygen, air, and chlorine to the high shear mixing device.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning solids-laden aqueous fluids includes a settling tank having a sloping floor, which drops off into a collection area; primary and secondary mixing tanks, the lower regions of which are in fluid communication via fluid transfer means; and agitators in each of the mixing tanks. Solids-laden fluid is introduced into the primary mixing tank along with selected coagulant and/or flocculent chemicals, whereupon the agitator in the primary mixing tank is actuated to induce downward fluid flow toward the fluid transfer means and into the secondary mixing tank. The agitator in the secondary mixing tank is actuated to induce upward fluid flow in the secondary mixing tank, from which the fluid mixture overflows into the setting tank. Solids settle or precipitate into the settling tank, and move downward along the settling tank's sloped floor and into the collection area, from which the solids can be removed for further treatment or disposal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for reclamation of waste fluids. A conditioning container is employed for receipt of waste material on a continuous flow for treatment within the container by immersible transducers producing ultrasonic acoustic waves in combination with a high level of injected ozone. The treated material exhibits superior separation properties for delivery into a centrifuge for enhanced solid waste removal. The invention discloses a cost efficient and environmentally friendly process and apparatus for cleaning and recycling of flowback, or frac water, which has been used to stimulate gas production from shale formations. The apparatus is mobile and containerized and suitable for installation at the well site.

Abstract: A dissolved air flotation system and method for purifying fresh water. The system is self-contained within a standard shipping container, with all components disposed in-line within the shipping container. Float is removed from the flotation tank with a skimmer that drives float downstream onto a conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt conveys float away from the flotation tank, in the downstream direction, and deposits the float in a collection tank. Clean water may be drawn from the flotation tank continuously, while float may be removed periodically.

Abstract: A connecting device comprises a buffer chamber (2), a first connecting line (3) between a liquid source (4) and an inlet (5) of the buffer chamber, a second connecting line (9) between an outlet (10) of the buffer chamber and the medical treatment apparatus (11), two valves (7, 8) arranged in series on the first connecting line, a pump (12) on the second connecting line, two liquid level sensors (15, 16) operating in the buffer chamber, a vent valve (18) connected to the buffer chamber. The liquid source is a centralised distribution plant of dialysate, while the medical treatment apparatus is a dialysis apparatus. The invention prevents back-contamination of the centralised plant with disinfectant sourced from the dialysis apparatus.

Abstract: A method for oxidizing an organic material includes the steps of (a) forming a preoxidation mixture comprising the organic material and water, and (b) causing the preoxidation mixture to react with a liquid oxidizer in a continuous flow reactor supercritical conditions for water, including a pressure of at least 3206 psia and a temperature of at least 705° F., to form a post-oxidation mixture containing condensible material and non-condensible material, wherein substantially all of the organic material has been oxidized.

Abstract: The present subject matter provides a filter medium for filtering aqueous solutions, particularly water for human and animal consumption. The medium may be employed in a great variety of filters of various sizes and constructions.

Abstract: A reactor for washing sand contaminated with hydrocarbons comprises a vessel having an aperture in a bottom portion thereof. A steam cleaning device is located near a top of the vessel for receiving contaminated sand and cleaning the contaminated sand as it is introduced into the vessel. A rinsing device is positioned below the steam cleaning device for rinsing the sand with water. A sand conveying device comprising an air injection device is positioned in the bottom portion of the vessel for urging sand out of the aperture using compressed air, such that the sand is partially dewatered as the sand is urged out of the aperture.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed towards systems and methods for the treatment of wastewater. A system in accordance with one particular embodiment may include an oxidation reactor configured to receive a flow of wastewater from a wastewater producing process. The oxidation reactor may be further configured to oxidize a chemical associated with the flow of wastewater with an oxidation agent. The oxidation reactor may include at least one reaction member configured to pressurize at least a portion of the oxidation reactor. The system may further include at least one resin tank configured to contain an ion exchange resin configured to target a particular metal, the at least one resin tank configured to receive an output from the oxidation reactor. Numerous other embodiments are also within the scope of the present disclosure.

Abstract: A new approach is proposed that contemplates systems and methods to support an environmentally-friendly, “green” thermophilic anaerobic digestion system. The system includes a thermophilic anaerobic digester as well as various independent modular anaerobic units to generate bio-methane from certain organic energy sources, including but not limited to, among other things, green municipal waste, restaurant and organic waste and effluents from industries such as breweries, grocery stores, food processing plants, granaries, wineries, pulp and paper mills, ethanol and biodiesel plants, fat and animal rendering, agricultural field crops, organic sludge accumulation within lagoons and waterways, marine organic matter and animal manure.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to systems and methods for a solar and/or AC current powered water disinfection system that is sized for portable use and is specifically tailored for use in under-developed areas of the world or in areas where natural disasters have occurred. Embodiments herein disclosed provide for a system that utilizes an ultraviolet light that is operatively coupled to a pump, inverter, battery, and a charge converter that is adapted for use with a solar panel or AC current. The system is placed into a storage container, or the like, and the water in the storage container is pumped through the ultraviolet light, which kills most waterborne, water-washed, and water-based diseases.

Abstract: An apparatus for the flocculation of solid particles in a solid-liquid stream including an enclosure, an upwardly converging flow diverter defining a first zone and a second zone within the enclosure, and a solid-liquid stream inlet into the first zone of the enclosure at or towards the bottom of the first zone in proximity to the lower region of the flow diverter, the upwardly converging flow diverter having an upper opening for fluid communication between the first zone and the second zone. The apparatus is preferably a feedwell for a separation device for separating solid particles from a liquid in a solid-liquid stream.

Abstract: A water treatment system that performs a water purifying treatment by use of ultraviolet radiation, comprises a front stage ultraviolet radiation device for radiating ultraviolet light in a front stage process in a water purifying treatment process, a rear stage ultraviolet radiation device for radiating ultraviolet light in a rear stage process, and a controller for controlling these ultraviolet radiation devices.

Abstract: An immersion lithographic apparatus typically includes a fluid handling system. The fluid handling system generally has a two-phase fluid extraction system configured to remove a mixture of gas and liquid from a given location. Because the extraction fluid comprises two phases, the pressure in the extraction system can vary. This pressure variation can be passed through the immersion liquid and cause inaccuracy in the exposure. To reduce the pressure fluctuation in the extraction system, a buffer chamber may be used. This buffer chamber may be connected to the fluid extraction system in order to provide a volume of gas which reduces pressure fluctuation. Alternatively or additionally, a flexible wall may be provided somewhere in the fluid extraction system. The flexible wall may change shape in response to a pressure change in the fluid extraction system. By changing shape, the flexible wall can help to reduce, or eliminate, the pressure fluctuation.

Abstract: An ozone delivery system for delivering and manufacturing a measured amount of an ozone/oxygen admixture, which is able to measure, control, report and differentiate between delivered-ozone and absorbed-dose of ozone. Improved gas-fluid contacting devices that maximize gas-fluid mass transfer may be included. All gas contacting surfaces of the system, including one or more gas-fluid contacting devices are made from ozone-inert construction materials that generally do not absorb ozone or introduce amounts of contaminants or deleterious byproducts of oxidation into a fluid or non-fluid target from ozone oxidation.

Abstract: A process is provided for improving the precipitation of calcium and/or magnesium salts in the regeneration of used alkaline cleaning solution. The process includes the steps of providing a spent alkaline or acidic cleaning solution; adding sodium bentonite and sodium carbonate to the spent alkaline or acidic cleaning solution in a mixing zone to provide an interactive solution; adding either an anionic polymeric flocculating agent or a cationic polymeric flocculating agent to interactive solution, thereby precipitating insoluble calcium and magnesium salts as flocs; and subjecting the solution containing such flocs to a filtration process to bring the precipitated solids to a solids contents of >25%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the treatment of an aqueous waste stream, wherein: (a) an aqueous waste stream is separated into an effluent and waste sludge; and (b) the waste sludge is converted into predated waste sludge in a predation reactor, the predation reactor including a support comprising worms and the waste sludge being fed past the support comprising worms. The invention further relates to an plant in which the method may be carried out, in particular to an plant for the treatment of an aqueous waste stream that comprises a predation reactor having a support comprising worms, wherein the predation reactor has two compartments that are separated by the support comprising worms.

Abstract: Means and methods for deterring biofilm in water supply systems, comprising at least one insoluble proton sink or source (PSS). The means and methods for deterring biofilm is provided useful for killing living target cells (LTCs), or otherwise disrupting vital intracellular processes and/or intercellular interactions of the LTC upon contact. The PSS comprises, inter alia, (i) proton source or sink providing a buffering capacity; and (ii) means providing proton conductivity and/or electrical potential. The PSS is effectively disrupting the pH homeostasis and/or electrical balance within the confined volume of the LTC and/or disrupting vital intercellular interactions of the LTCs while efficiently preserving the pH of the LTCs' environment.

Abstract: The present invention is an ultrasonic device with the transmitting head located outside a housing enclosure while radial mode PZTs and tail mass are located inside the housing enclosure. The ultrasonic device and related process are useful for any process involving supplying ultrasonic energy to a liquid, including controlling algae and decontaminating liquids with multiple ultrasonic transmitters driven at variable frequencies. A broad range of algae can be successfully controlled and various liquids can be decontaminated or otherwise processed in a rapid and effective way. Each transmitter is housed in an enclosure that can float on the surface of tanks; pools, reservoirs, lakes, ponds, and water and waste-water facilities. Alternatively, the transmitters can be attached to a structure and positioned with the transmitting head immersed into the liquid. The exposed transmitting head efficiently transmits ultrasonic energy to the liquid.

Abstract: Filtration of water to provide cleansed water, using an assembly that monitors the volume of water cleansed and back-flushes the filtration media based on that volume. The assembly includes a control valve that monitors the amount of water that has been processed, controls the addition of water and oxygen to the assembly, and thus affects the overall operation of the assembly.

Abstract: A device for treating liquid medium has an ultrasound emitter located relative to a compartment of a container holding a liquid medium and a microbubble emitter located relative to the compartment. The ultrasound emitter emits high-frequency ultrasound between about 200 KHz and 10 MHz. The microbubble emitter emits bubbles with an average diameter of less than 1 mm.

Abstract: Drinkers for animals are usually configured as having a single elongate pipe string (24) in which a plurality of drinking valves are screwed in. The drinking valves (20) can operated by the animals themselves to cover their water needs. When no water is being removed by the animals at the drinking valves (20) the water in the pipe string (24) stands still. This has a negative impact on water quality, particularly in warmer climates, leading to a sharp increase of germs in the water, for example. This can result in diseases among the animals. The invention proposes the circulation of the water in the animal drinker. To this end, the animal drinker has two parallel pipe strings (23, 24) which form a water circuit ensuring a constant movement of water, namely that water flows continuously through the pipe strings (23, 24) even when no water has been removed at the drinking valves (20) over an extended period of time.

Abstract: Device, system and method for injecting organic matter into a reaction enclosure (2) of a reactor for treatment using a supercritical water oxidation method. The device comprises a body having an inner volume defining a pressurizing capacity (24) in which a mobile assembly (29) is arranged, e.g. a bellows for dividing the inner volume into two variable volume compartments including a compressing capacity compartment (32) and a hydraulic pressurizing capacity compartment (34). The hydraulic pressurizing capacity compartment is preferably connected to the outlet (15) of an aqueous phase liquid/gas separator (14) which separates the liquid and gaseous phases of the effluent leaving the reaction enclosure (2).

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system for removing contaminants from wastewater on a vessel using electricity. The wastewater treatment system may inject wastewater with one or more disinfectants or ionized gases, or both, to remove at least a portion of contaminants from the wastewater. The water treatment system may produce disinfectants from saltwater using one or more disinfectant generators and return the byproducts to a water body. The wastewater treatment system may also pass wastewater through an electrical coagulation unit in which an electrical current may be emitted into the wastewater, whereby flocculants are formed and cause suspended solids and other materials to settle out of the wastewater. The wastewater treatment system may include a secondary treatment system for further reducing concentrations of contaminants. In addition, the wastewater treatment system may include a solid waste treatment system for incinerating solids produced by the wastewater treatment system.

Abstract: A system for enhancing an activated sludge process that includes at least one aeration tank subsystem for receiving a flow a wastewater and for introducing dissolved oxygen to a population of microorganisms to promote growth of biological flocs in a mixed liquor defined by a concentration of mixed liquor suspended solids. A weighting agent impregnation subsystem includes an impregnation tank for mixing the mixed liquor, virgin weighting agent, and recycled weighting agent to impregnate the weighting agent into biological flocs suspended in the mixed liquor to form weighted biological flocs. A flocculant injection port located downstream from at least one aeration tank for introducing a flocculant to the mixed liquor for enhancing settling and thickening of the weighted biological flocs and for providing agglomeration of non-impregnated biological flocs and/or partially impregnated biological flocs with weighted biological flocs.

Abstract: A device (1) for dissolving solid chemical substances in water is provided with: a container (2), which has a bottom portion (6) designed to contain an aqueous solution; a perforated loading chamber (9), which is set at the top of the bottom portion (6) and is designed to contain a solid chemical substance (10); and a spraying device (18) set within the loading chamber (9) for directing at least one jet of water onto the solid chemical substance (10). In use, the solid chemical substance (10) is set around the spraying device (18), and the jet of water is directed downwards and/or laterally so as not to wet the solid chemical substance (10) set above the spraying device (18). In this way, there is obtained a relatively gradual dissolution of the solid chemical substance (10) and a lower development of gaseous substances having an unpleasant smell.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a chlorinator mounted inline in a water purification system having a housing having an inlet end and an outlet end and an upper compartment having an electronics section with a controller unit contained within the electronics section and in electrical communication with a power source and an at least one electrolytic plate. The system having a heat sink member in thermal communication with the controller, wherein the flow of the water in the water purification system cools the heat sink member and the controller unit.

Abstract: A filter installation and method, especially a seawater filter installation and method, includes at least one fluid line (18,20) for transporting a biological fluid, a filter device (54) mounted in the fluid line with at least one filter element (22) in a filter housing (10), and a device for biological decontamination. The device for biological decontamination contains active substances that can be introduced into the filter housing (10), such as inert gases or special metals, ensuring that toxic impurities cannot enter. The active substances used are ecofriendly unlike chemically produced fungicides and herbicides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a point-of-use water treatment system unit (10). The unit (10) includes a filter housing assembly (60) having a filter tank assembly (66) and a closure (64) which utilizes a handle (152) and cammed reciprocating lock blades (146, 150) to secure the closure (64) to the filter tank assembly (66). A UV tank assembly (300) includes a planar baffle plate (322) and a vaned baffle plate (324) to induce plug flow about a UV lamp assembly (280). The UV lamp assembly (280) is used which simultaneously electrically and sealingly mounts to UV tank assembly (300) and electrical cap assembly (290) using a bayonet mount. A bi-planar manifold assembly (40) is used to interconnect components of the WTS unit and to provide an envelope for accommodating a water pipe assembly (34). The bi-planar manifold assembly (26) enhances the compactness of the design of the WTS unit (10).

Abstract: A membrane distillation bioreactor (100) is provided for treating contaminated inflow such as wastewater. A contaminated inflow may be treated by biodegrading a contaminant in the inflow with a biological agent in the bioreactor to produce a lower contaminant inflow, which may be distilled, by membrane distillation, through a distillation membrane (108) in fluid communication with the bioreactor, to produce an outflow. The inflow may be wastewater. The outflow may be purified water. In one embodiment, the membrane may be located in the reaction chamber of the bioreactor vessel (102) and may be submerged in the mixed liquor. In a different embodiment suitable for wastewater treatment, the membrane may be located external to the bioreactor. The bioreactor may be aerobic or anaerobic.

Abstract: A system is described for the treatment of fluorochemicals in an aqueous environment, the system includes: a first treatment station configured to receive a first stream or volume of water comprising fluorochemicals, the first treatment station configured to provide a first treatment to the first stream or volume of water to thereby provide a second stream or volume of water comprising fluorochemicals; and a second treatment station configured, to treat the second stream or volume of water by ultrasonically induced cavitation at a frequency within the range from about 15 kHz to about 1100 kHz.

Abstract: A system and method that uses mature floc as seed particles to promote aggregation in a water treatment process is provided. The seed particles do not need to be recovered as they separate out with the waste steam after a spiral separation. One implementation is to prepare the mature floc off-line and inject periodically into the buffer tank, as needed. Another implementation is to tap into the more mature floc downstream and feedback, as needed, to the buffer tank.

Abstract: The invention described herein contains two aspects, usable together or separately, that address the needs in the art described above, namely a first aspect that relates to the provision of a transportable water purification system that can be contained on a passenger transport vehicle, and that can use, but does not require, continuous, real-time monitoring, and a second aspect that relates to the use of UV purification of the water as it is uploaded to the passenger transport vehicle after a single pass through the UV chamber.

Abstract: An improved draft tube spout fluid bed (DTSFB) mixing, handling, conveying, and treating apparatus and systems, and methods for operating are provided. The apparatus and systems can accept particulate material and pneumatically or hydraulically conveying the material to mix and/or treat the material. In addition to conveying apparatus, a collection and separation apparatus adapted to receive the conveyed particulate material is also provided. The collection apparatus may include an impaction plate against which the conveyed material is directed to improve mixing and/or treatment. The improved apparatus are characterized by means of controlling the operation of the pneumatic or hydraulic transfer to enhance the mixing and/or reacting by controlling the flow of fluids, for example, air, into and out of the apparatus. The disclosed apparatus may be used to mix particulate material, for example, mortar; react fluids with particulate material; coat particulate material, or simply convey particulate material.

Abstract: The construction of a system including a hydrotransistor and a self-cleansing water body, which could be a construction or a part of a stream, lake or other natural water-body, to convert drinking-water sources or polluted surface waters into purified water for recycling either as drinking water supply or as groundwater recharge, wherein the articulate matter in the treated water is filtered by hydrotransistor, and the dissolved nitrates and nitrite being utilized by diatoms which have been induced to grow in waters becoming slightly acidic through the dissolution of carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conducting supercritical wet oxidation reactions wherein any precipitated solids do not contact the solid side walls of the containment vessel so as to prevent any of these precipitated solids from adhering to or corrode the vessel walls is provided. To do this, a controlled, continuous flow of clean fluid, preferably under supercritical conditions, is introduced to the process so as to form a film-like, clean fluid surface between the physical containment vessel walls and the supercritical wet oxidation reactants.

Abstract: A chlorinator for wastewater treatment systems having a circulation pump, circulation tank, and return flow line, which includes a reservoir of disinfectant fluid and a dosage container communicating with the reservoir and the circulation tank to dispense a determined quantity of disinfectant during operation of the circulation pump. The dosage container is vented to atmosphere to prevent vacuum lock in operation and communicates with the reservoir at a flow rate substantially smaller than it communicates with the circulation tank. Operation of the circulation pump causes flow through the return line, inducing distribution of the quantity of disinfectant fluid into the circulation tank. As the dosage container outgoing flow rate far exceeds the dosage container incoming flow rate, once the disinfectant level drops below the point of communication between the dosage container and the circulation tank, no her disinfectant is drawn into the circulation tank.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for processing nitrogen-concentrated effluents by ammonia oxidation into nitrites followed by nitrite denitritation in a gaseous nitrogen in a sequential biological reactor (1) consisting in pouring a processable effluent volume in to the reactor by successive volume fractions, in dividing the entire processing cycle into successive sub cycles, wherein each sub-cycle comprises a feeding phase, an aeration phase for nitrification and an anoxia phase along which a carbon-containing source is introduced into the reactor for converting nitrites into nitrogen.

Abstract: A method of converting biological material into energy resources includes transmitting biological material to a pulsed electric field (PEF) station, and applying a PEF to the biological material within a treatment zone in the PEF station to generate treated biological material. The method also includes transmitting the treated biological material to a biogenerator, and processing the treated biological material in the biogenerator to produce an energy resource. A converter may carry out this process, and may include the PEF station and the biogenerator.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing a composition comprising carbonates, wherein the methods comprise utilizing waste sources of metal oxides. An aqueous solution of divalent cations, some or all of which are derived from a waste source of metal oxides, may be contacted with CO2 and subjected to precipitation conditions to provide compositions comprising carbonates. In some embodiments, a combustion ash is the waste source of metal oxides for the aqueous solution containing divalent cations. In some embodiments, a combustion ash is used to provide a source of proton-removing agents, divalent cations, silica, metal oxides, or other desired constituents or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cell for generating sterilized water in which lead wires having cathode and anode are alternately wound on a body in the horizontal direction, the cell is disposed in plural in the vertical direction to the flow of water by a given distance so that a plasma reaction is generated between both lead wires wound on the cell in the linear direction along the lead wires thereby increasing reaction efficiency per surface area of the cell.

Abstract: A circulation system for bodies of water. In one set of embodiments for larger bodies of water, modified horizontal plate designs are provided at the entrance of the draft hose. The plate designs have sections that pivot downwardly as the flotation platform and depending draft hose are rapidly raised in high wave conditions to let the water escape downwardly out of the hose. Adaptations to the floats for the elongated arms of the platform are also made to essentially eliminate the creation of any damaging torques on them from high waves. Another set of embodiments are particularly adapted for smaller systems in municipal water tanks for thorough mixing of the water and treatment to kill undesirable ammonia oxidizing bacteria and prevent or at least inhibit their return.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for irradiating an absorbing liquid, for example waste water to be disinfected, in a throughflow. Said device comprises at least two radiator units having one cylindrical UV radiation source and three concentric sheaths. A cooling medium for carrying off heat from the UV radiation source flows in a hollow space between the inner and the center sheath. The inventive device allows to use high-performance UV radiation sources and to evenly irradiate the zones of irradiation and prevents floating particles from settling down on the radiator units.

Abstract: In a micronanobubble reaction vessel 3 of wastewater treatment equipment, wastewater containing organic matter is treated with micronanobubbles. Thereafter, the wastewater is introduced into an aeration tank 7. Part of organic matter in the wastewater is oxidized in the micronanobubble reaction vessel 3 by micronanobubble treatment prior to treatment with activity of microorganisms enhanced in the aeration tank 7. After organic matter load is thus reduced, the treatment water is introduced into the aeration tank 7, in which microorganisms exist in high concentration due to submerged membranes 17, so that the organic matter in wastewater can be effectively treated. This makes it possible to accomplish miniaturization of the aeration tank 7, reduction in scale of the whole equipment and therefore reduction in initial cost.

Abstract: A device and method for growing aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria such as Pseudomonas Fluorescens, Bacillus subtilus, Bacillus lichenoformis, Starkeya novella and various autotrophic sulfur metabolizing bacteria, along with methods for releasing these bacteria into suspended growth or fixed film wastewater treatment zones such as soil or media, for the purposes of bioremediation and the removal of nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon wastes.

Abstract: A sterilization device includes a shell, an ultraviolet ray lamp tube fixed with a lamp support on an upper end of the shell, an inner quartz tube around the lamp tube, an outer quartz tube around the inner quartz tube, a stainless steel tube around the outer quartz tube, an inner passage between the inner and the outer quartz tubes, an outer passage between the outer quartz tube and the stainless steel tube, and a guiding member on the lower end of the shell; the guiding member has guiding holes to guide water along a spiral path, and a water inlet on a lower portion thereof, which communicates with the guiding holes; a covering member is threadedly engaged with an outer side of the lower end of the shell; the water inlet of the guiding member extends through the covering member; the covering member has a water outlet hole.

Abstract: A fluid treatment system, includes a pressurizable tank, a compressed air source, and a float disposed inside the tank, the float rising or falling in response to a level of fluid in the tank; and a float-actuated switch assembly connected to the float. The float-actuated switch assembly starts introduction of compressed air into the tank from the compressed air source. A purge valve may be provided to allow fluid to flow out of the tank during the introduction of compressed air into the tank. The float-actuated switch assembly may include a magnetic switch.

Abstract: A water reaction tank for reacting water containing suspended solids with a flocculant includes a housing having an input, an output, and a water flow path between the input and the output. The flow path has a mixing section and a reaction section. Sealable flocculant ports are provided for inserting a flocculant into the mixing section of the housing. Each of the mixing section and the reaction section contains baffles. The mixing section baffles encourage turbulent flow to increase contact with the flocculant, and the reaction section baffles encourage turbulent flow and increase the length of the water flow path.