Abstract: A method is provided for the treatment of water so as to reduce or destroy micro-organisms therein as well as other causes of skin diseases or waterborne diseases in human beings and animals, wherein the water is passed through a magnetic field being presented by a permanent magnet showing an energy product (BH)max of more than 20 kJ/m3 to which the water is exposed and a coercive force Hc of more than of about 200 kA/m at 25° C.

Abstract: A metal waste recovery process for recovering useful material from a quantity of waste material. The waste material is a composition including oil, metals and organic materials. The first step of the process is to deposit the waste material into a slurry tank and to add water to the waste material to produce a mixable slurry. The slurry is then high energy mixed to evenly distribute the waste material throughout the slurry. The useful metal is then recovered from the slurry using a magnetic separator. The remaining waste material is transferred into an anaerobic reactor where the remaining waste material reacts with anaerobic organisms provided by bacteria in a sludge seed. The anaerobic reaction between the anaerobic organism and the organic materials of the waste material produces recoverable inorganic gases that are removed from the waste material slurry. The recovered inorganic gases are transferred to a storage vessel and compressed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide fluid treatment at a plurality of distinct points using a length of energized magnetically conductive conduit in fluid communication with non-magnetic coupling devices. The instant invention prevents the formation and accumulation of contaminants within conduits and on equipment utilized in the transportation, delivery and processing of fluid columns. It may also be utilized to accelerate the separation of oil and water and increase the efficiency of oil/water separation equipment.

Abstract: A fluid separation and delivery apparatus and method are provided for filtering a fluid from a source and delivering a filtrate derived therefrom to a first destination, and delivering a decantate derived therefrom to a second destination. The fluid separation and delivery apparatus for the method comprises a filter device having an inlet port for connecting to a fluid source, a first outlet port for directing filtrate to a first destination, and a second outlet port for directing decantate to a second destination; an inlet pump connected between the inlet port of the filter device and the fluid source for pumping fluid at a flow rate of Qin into the filter device; and an outlet pump connected between the second outlet port of the filter device and the second destination for pumping fluid at a flow rate of Qout out of the filter device to the second destination.

Abstract: Magnetic conditioning of fluids and gases flowing through a conduit or other containment vessel to achieve essentially uniform characteristics of said fluids and gases for the purposes of improved operation efficiency and performance quality of mechanisms and systems dependent on these liquids and gases. Specifically, the invention pertains to a combined application of advanced techniques including 1) use of magnets, preferably high flux density stabilized anisotropic magnets, 2) non-uniform flux density pairing, 3) magnetic field focused on an air gap using advanced insulative shielding and parallel alignment control, 4) incremental conditioning and 5) modular design.

Abstract: Buoyant, sphere-like materials on the order of about 10 to about 300 microns and surrounded, at least in part, by (1) a variable blend of a ferromagnetic and paramagnetic material and (2) an absorbing or adsorbing material are effective vehicles for isolating targeted materials. By virtue of its relatively low density, the composite material is capable of remaining sufficiently suspended in solution for a suitable amount of time. In addition, the blend of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic materials allows for the isolation of a composite material from an environment such as a solution, yet discourages substantial self-attachment of the composite materials in solution, when subject to a magnetic field. Accordingly, multiple embodiments of composite materials having these and other properties are disclosed, as well as methods for making and using the same.

Abstract: A filter adapter for removing metallic particles from fluid. The adapter is cylindrical in shape and includes an attachment insert for mounting the adapter between a source in a fluid flow system and a conventional filter. The adapter has a ring shaped magnet held in the housing of the adapter by magnet holders. The adapter has a plurality of perforations in the top and bottom for the flow of unfiltered fluid from the fluid source, through the adapter, and to the conventional filter. The attachment insert is hollow so as to allow filtered oil to flow back from the conventional filter to the fluid system the adapter is attached to.

Abstract: A magnetic sensing element detects the presence of magnetic particles in a binding assay. The magnetic sensing element has at least one planar layer of electrically conductive ferromagnetic material that has an initial state in which the material has a circular magnetic moment within the plane of the layer. The magnetic sensing element has molecules of a first specific binding member attached to it. The device also includes a fluid test medium to which the magnetic sensing element is exposed during the course of a binding assay. The fluid test medium includes magnetizable particles that become immobilized during the assay in relation to the amount of analyte in the test medium.

Abstract: A micro-electromagnet matrix captures and controls the movement of particles with nanoscale resolution. The micro-electromagnet matrix includes multiple layers of microconductors, each layer of microconductors being orthogonal to an adjacent layer or microconductors. The layers of microconductors are formed on a substrate and have insulating layers therebetween. The field patterns produced by the micro-electromagnet matrix enable precise manipulation of particles. The micro-electro-magnet matrix produces single or multiple independent field peaks in the magnetic field that are used to trap, move, or rotate the particles. The micro-electromagnet matrix also produces electromagnetic fields to probe and detect particles.

Abstract: A magnetic fluid filter for filtering metallic particles from a fluid flow system. The filter comprises a magnetic array, a central support for the magnetic array, and arm pieces for positioning the effective range of the magnetic array in a fluid flow environment. The magnetic array includes a plurality of disc shaped magnets arranged with poles in opposition, interleaved with the arm pieces and disc shaped pole pieces.

Abstract: A magnetic filter removes magnetic particles from fluid communicated through the filter. The filter includes elongated, circumferentially spaced magnetic elements which capture magnetic particles entrained in the turbulent passing fluid. The magnetic elements must be cleaned periodically to remove the particles from the elements by moving a scraper plate from one end of the housing to the other. At the end of travel of the scraper plate, the particles are scraped upon non-magnetic end portions (which may contain residual magnetism) of the magnetic elements, from which they are flushed by fluid communicated through the inlet port out through other ports provided on the housing.

Abstract: Magnetic fuel treatment devices are disclosed, the devices comprising, in part, a housing, cover, inner compartment, and magnet, the combination of which forming an inner fuel channel through which fuel may flow for treatment therein. Certain aspects of the invention include designs that concentrate fuel flow within magnetic flux densities ranging from about 600 to about 1,200 Gauss.

Abstract: A magnetizer has a pair of magnetism exciters, a magnetism emitting block, a pair of magnets, and a hollow casing. The magnetism emitting block is disposed between the magnetism exciters. Each magnet is disposed between the magnetism emitting block and the corresponding magnetism exciter. The magnetism exciters is made of a high magnetic permeable material. The magnetism emitting block is made of a super magnetic permeable material. Each magnet is made of a permanent magnetic element. The hollow casing is made of a non-magnetic material.

Abstract: A filter adapter for removing metallic particles from fluid. The adapter is cylindrical in shape and includes an attachment insert for mounting the adapter between a source in a fluid flow system and a conventional filter. The adapter has a ring shaped magnet held in the housing of the adapter by magnet holders, and a sealing gasket having multiple raised portions so as to provide multiple sealing surfaces to engage a sealing surface of a fluid source. The adapter has a plurality of perforations in the top and bottom for the flow of unfiltered fluid from the fluid source, through the adapter, and to the conventional filter. The attachment insert is hollow so as to allow filtered oil to flow back from the conventional filter to the fluid system the adapter is attached to.

Abstract: A method of separating a cell-containing sample into a substantially cell-depleted portion, and a cell-containing portion comprising at least one of a stem cell, a lymphocyte, and a leukocyte comprises a step in which the sample is received in a vessel with at least one flexible wall. In another step, an additive and particles are added to the sample, wherein the additive substantially binds to the at least one of the stem cell, lymphocyte, and leukocyte, and the particles and wherein the particles substantially bind to the at least one of the stem cell, lymphocyte, and leukocyte, and the additive, thereby producing a cell-containing network. In a further step, the network is separated from the substantially cell-depleted portion by applying a magnetic force.

Abstract: A magnetized device for an automobile fueling system includes a sleeve, a pair of nozzles, a pair of semi-circular permanent magnets, and a pair of semi-circular guiding brackets. The permanent magnets and the guiding brackets are enclosed in the sleeve. The sleeve comprises inner threads at respective ends adapted to connect with two nozzles. Each nozzle has a hollow pipeline axially extending from one end while the other end is a reduced neck with threads thereon. The two guiding brackets are magnetized to wrap the permanent magnets, so that saw-shaped edges of the two guiding brackets are to form two gasoline routes to prolong the magnetization of gasoline.

Abstract: A magnetic separation device, with streamlined construction and heightened rate of magnetic adhesion, has two rotating plates 7, 8 which are fixed to a rotation axis and rotate while immersed in a liquid, and magnets 13 mounted on the rotating plates 7, 8. The magnetic separation device is constructed such that magnetic material in the liquid magnetically adheres to the rotating plates 7, 8 and is separated. Further, the magnetic separation device includes a yoke 14, surrounding and accommodating magnets, and having an aperture facing one of the magnetic poles; the yoke 14 has an aperture side face 14c which is in contact with the rotating plates 7, 8; and the aforementioned magnetic pole is in contact with the rotating plates 7, 8. Pairs of magnets 13 are arranged such that opposite magnetic poles oppose each other across the two rotating plates 7, 8, and a magnetic space is formed between the two magnetic plates 7, 8.

Abstract: A removable particle collector for an apparatus which separates metal particles from lubricating oil. A valve assembly has a bore that provides a passage into the reservoir from outside. A valve element is normally biased against a valve seat to close the bore. A plug has a stem which when inserted into the valve assembly bore forces the valve element away from the valve seat. A portion of the stem is magnetized to attract ferromagnetic particles in the reservoir. A plurality of balls rotatably project from a surface on either the valve assembly or the plug and are received in a plurality of locking grooves in the other of the valve assembly and the plug to secure those components together. The balls are lubricated by fluid from the reservoir and can rotate to reduce wear which could loosen the components.

Abstract: A device for separating high mass to charge particles (M1) from low mass to charge particles (M2) in a plasma includes a cylindrical wall that surrounds a chamber and defines an axis. Rectangular shaped coils are mounted on the wall to establish a magnetic field, B0, in the chamber that is aligned substantially perpendicular to the axis and which rotates about the axis. Circularly shaped coils are provided to generate a time-constant, axially aligned magnetic field, Bz, in the chamber. Passive, ring-shaped electrodes are positioned at the ends of the wall and connected to resistors which are then grounded. The rotating magnetic field, B0, rotates the plasma in the axially aligned magnetic field, Bz, which in turn, induces a radially oriented electric field, Er, in the chamber. The crossed fields (i.e. Er×Bz) cause the particles, M1, to strike the wall while the particles, M2, transit through the chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating water through a magnetic field comprises an inverted vortexing ampul capable of holding water, the vortexing ampul having a wide body and a narrow neck. A water inlet located inside the vortexing ampul at its wide body portion is used to introduce water along an inner side of the vortexing ampul thereby facilitating flow in a vortexing pattern. A valve controls the flow of water. A pair of axially placed magnets are aligned around the neck of the ampul. A recirculating ampul for the collection of the treated or “living water” is included. A collar of paramagnetic material may be located close to the axially placed magnets. The apparatus includes a circulating system that pumps processed water from the recirculating ampul for reprocessing.

Abstract: A multi-chamber magnetic filter is disclosed. The filter incorporates tubes that extend through a plurality of chambers that can contain a fluid to be filtered. Magnet assemblies are shuttled through the tubes and can be positioned within a chamber for use in removing ferromagnetic particles from a fluid flowing therethrough. Accumulated ferromagnetic materials can be readily purged from a chamber that does not have magnet assemblies located therein.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for separating, immobilizing, and quantifying biological substances from within a fluid medium. Biological substances are observed by employing a vessel (6) having a chamber therein, the vessel comprising a transparent collection wall (5). A high internal gradient magnetic capture structure may be on the transparent collection wall (5), magnets (3) create an externally-applied force for transporting magnetically responsive material toward the transparent collection wall (5). The magnetic capture structure comprises a plurality of ferromagnetic members and has a uniform or non-uniform spacing between adjacent members. There may be electrical conductor means supported on the transparent collection wall (5) for enabling electrical manipulation of the biological substances. The chamber has one compartment or a plurality of compartments with differing heights. The chamber may include a porous wall.

Abstract: A material separator includes a chamber and electrode(s) to create a radially oriented electric field in the chamber. Coils are provided to generate a magnetic field in the chamber. The separator further includes a launcher to propagate a high-frequency electromagnetic wave into the chamber to convert the material into a multi-species plasma. With the crossed electric and magnetic fields, low mass ions in the multi-species plasma are placed on small orbit trajectories and exit through the end of the chamber while high mass ions are placed on large orbit trajectories for capture at the wall of the chamber.

Abstract: A water-treating device having a water jar, a magnetic agitator, an additive container having a bottom plate and a sleeve attached to the bottom plate, and an agitator driver that rotates the magnetic driver. The sleeve of the additive container has an outer wall, an inner wall, and mineral particles filled between the inner wall and the outer wall. The magnetic agitator has a base and a Y-shaped fin that protrudes upward from the base. The magnetic agitator has a magnetic bar between the fin and the base. The base has a shape of a disc having an upper surface and a lower surface, wherein the lower surface is convex. A metal plate is attached to the lower surface. The bottom plate also has a metal plate that contacts the metal plate of the base.

Abstract: High-gradient magnetic filter and method for the separation of weakly magnetizable particles from fluid media (2) in a circuit, embodied as a compact, low-maintenance unit with low repair requirements, comprising a housing (1), for the high gradient magnetic filter, with means for directing the flowing medium (2) in a pipe system with a feed (3) and return (4), a magnetic circuit (5), forming the high-gradient magnet filter in which at least one filter (8) is arranged in a filter chamber (7), formed between the pole faces (6) of the magnetic circuit (5), through which the medium (2) for purification flows, at least one permanent magnet (9), arranged in the magnetic circuit (5), for generation of a magnetic field between the pole faces (6).

Abstract: Magnetizing and activating processing unit for liquid material, including a flow conducting tube, at least one rest body formed with insertion dents and disposed in the flow conducting tube, permanent magnets inlaid in the insertion dents of the rest body, an outer tube fitted around the flow conducting tube and outer tube connectors formed with bypasses and connected with two ends of the outer tube for sealing two open ends of the flow conducting tube. A spiral conducting plate is disposed around the flow conducting tube. A liquid material flows through and is conducted by the spiral conducting plate, whereby the liquid material many times goes through the magnetic field effect of the permanent magnets and is strongly magnetically infiltrated. Therefore, a magnetized and activated water can be produced.

Abstract: A device and a method for production of magnetized water by changing the arrangement of molecules of water takes advantage of the phenomenon that molecules of water form clusters and become enriched in a pulsating magnetic field. The device may include a chamber, for placing a container of purified water in, wound with coils of wire a predetermined number of rounds; a means of supplying power to convert originally supplied alternating current of electricity into pulsating direct current signals and impress them on said coils for induction of a pulsating magnetic field to said chamber; a means of cooling said chamber; a means of sensing changes in temperature of said coils; a means of measuring time to gauge the time of magnetization of said purified water; and a means of control to stop input of direct current pulsating signals when the time spent on magnetizing has reached a preset time.

Abstract: A magnetic-energy-releasing molecular rearranging structure includes an amount of magnetic powder, which is molded into a magnetic member in the form of a ball, a mass, or a flat piece, and having magnetic-energy-releasing molecules, so that the member has magnetic lines that together with earth poles produce a radiated magnetic field. Superficial molecules of a solid body and a liquid, or air molecules in a limited space may be magnetized and rearranged using the magnetic-energy-releasing member, and molecules of a substance that is to be magnetized may be magnetized and rearranged through magnetic energy transmission from the magnetized molecules of the solid body, the liquid, or the air in the limited space to the substance.

Abstract: An ultrasonic energy source is used to provide a variable force for measuring the binding forces between molecular entities and for sensing the presence of an analyte in a test sample. The device includes a surface that has a first binding member attached thereto and one or more particles that have a second binding member attached thereto. A reaction vessel is provided for exposing the surface to the particles whereby, if the first binding member has a binding affinity for the second binding member, a complex is formed between individual first binding members and individual second binding members and the particles thereby become immobilized with respect to the surface. The ultrasonic energy source is positioned for applying a variable ultrasonic force onto the surface, and the position of the particles is monitored as the intensity of the ultrasonic force is varied.

Abstract: A method of making a high efficiency magnetic sensor for determining the presence or amount of an analyte in a test sample. The method typically includes providing a sensing device with a magnetic sensing element, exposing the sensing device to a fluid test medium suspected of containing an analyte and monitoring the resistance of the magnetic sensing element to detect any change in the electrical resistance of the magnetic sensing element in response to the immobilization of a magnetizable particle. The magnetic sensing element comprises at least one planar layer of electrically conductive ferromagnetic material having an initial state in which the material has a circular magnetic moment within the plane of the layer, a means to immobilize a magnetizable particle at a point along an axis that is perpendicular to the plane of the layer and passes through the center of the circular magnetic moment, and a means for detecting the change in the electrical resistance of each magnetic sensing element.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of magnetic or magnetizable particles, and, in particular, to methods of mixing magnetic or (super)paramagnetic particles efficiently with a fluid and the separation of the magnetic particles from a fluid, optionally followed by resuspension of the particles in another fluid. The present invention provides a method of mixing, in one or more container(s), magnetic or (super)paramagnetic particles with a fluid, using more than one magnets, whereby the containers are subjected to magnetic fields with different and changing directions by moving the magnets with respect to the position of the container(s) and/or by moving the containers with respect to the positions of the magnets. The invention further provided a device for doing the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alternatively using magnetic or electric field devices to enhance combustion. More particularly, the present invention relates to alternatively using magnetic or electric field devices to enhance combustion and treat the corresponding products of combustion to increase fuel efficiency and reduce exhaust pollutants.

Abstract: A method for reducing the presence of ferritic particles in lubricant employed in the lubrication of rotary shaft bearing of the type comprising a first bearing contact surface, a second bearing contact surface and a plurality of rotatable bearing members disposed therebetween, a lubrication system employing such method and a lubricated assembly. The method comprises providing a ferritic particle collector element of magnetised material in close proximity to the bearing and the path of lubricant flowing to the bearing, the close proximity being within a distance from the bearing contact surface which is less than five times the maximum diameter of the bearing contact surfaces. The collecting element may comprise an existing component of a lubrication system or lubricated assembly which is rendered magnetic or may comprise a magnet or magnets secured to an existing component.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for inducing magnetism in a flowstream of an at least partially magnetisable particulate feed material suspended in a liquid, the apparatus including: a treatment chamber having an inlet and an outlet through which the flowstream respectively enters and exits the chamber; and a magnetic source able to be selectively activated with respect to the treatment chamber, such that, when activated, the magnetic source induces magnetism in at least some of the particulate feed material located in the chamber. This allows the introduction of a high gradient magnetic field to effectively magnetise both the weakly and strongly magnetic particulates for subsequent removal by setting or other techniques. When the magnetic source is deactivated, the flow stream of feed material dissipates the deposits of magnetised material from around the source to reduce the possibility of any flow restrictions and maintain the effectiveness of magnets.

Abstract: A device for holding magnets in place and concentrating the fields of the magnets to the center of a conduit that is aligned laterally between the magnets.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to provide a liquid magnetic processing unit that can activate a liquid flowing in a thick pipe and can perform water treatment. The liquid magnetic processing unit is mounted around the pipe in which the liquid flows and activates the liquid by magnetic force. The unit has one or more water treatment sections each having a band to be placed around the pipe and magnet housings which have the band inserted through them and that house a plurality of permanent magnets. The one or more water processing sections are covered with a case of a non-magnetic material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for water softening utilising magnetic pulses is provided. The magnetic pulses are presented to a volume of water within a water conduit 6 or water container over a predetermined time period with a relaxation time period between successive predetermined time periods of action upon the volume of water. The magnetic pulses are in the range 1.6 to 6.8 KHz and generally presented in a manner whereby the frequency is ramped in discrete frequency shifts over fixed time periods through the predetermined time period in order to facilitate greater water softening action. Normally, each frequency harmonic is initiated by an initiation spike of enhanced magnetic strength.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for separating, immobilizing, and quantifying biological substances from within a fluid medium. Biological substances are observed by employing a vessel (6) having a chamber therein, the vessel comprising a transparent collection wall (5). A high internal gradient magnetic capture structure may be on the transparent collection wall (5), magnets (3) create an externally-applied force for transporting magnetically responsive material toward the transparent collection wall (5). The magnetic capture structure comprises a plurality of ferromagnetic members and has a uniform or non-uniform spacing between adjacent members. There may be electrical conductor means supported on the transparent collection wall (5) for enabling electrical manipulation of the biological substances. The chamber has one compartment or a plurality of compartments with differing heights. The chamber may include a porous wall.

Abstract: A permanent magnetic liquid treatment device, including a tubular housing in which ring magnets and magnetizable spacer discs are located, coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the housing, and which has contact pieces at both ends. The device also has mechanisms which produce a screw motion in the liquid passing through and an inner tube which is located in the housing, coaxially to the longitudinal axis thereof and at a distance from the inner housing pieces. The ring magnet and spacer discs are in the liquid-free area between the inner tub and the tubular housing in such a way that they lie one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the housing. The stacks of ring magnets and spacer discs are held in place in such a way that it cannot move and is tightly enclosed by means of sleeved screwed onto the contact pieces.

Abstract: The invention discloses a magnetizing device of new structure, with external and internal baffles of diamagnetic materials installed between a pipe wall and a connecting shaft of magnetic conductivity materials, and continuous ring-shaped magnetic steels having the same pole name and magnetic collection rings arranged between the external and the internal baffles. The invention overcomes the disadvantages of large size, high energy consumption and expensive price existing in current water magnetizers. The magnetizing device has a simple structure and mass production thereof is simple, which device can be widely used in industrial and agricultural productions and food sanitation. It is capable of magnetizing petroleum, water and other liquids quickly.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide fluid treatment at a plurality of distinct points using a length of energized magnetically conductive conduit in fluid communication with non-magnetic coupling devices. The instant invention prevents the formation and accumulation of contaminants within conduits and on equipment utilized in the transportation, delivery and processing of fluid columns. It may also be utilized to accelerate the separation of oil and water and increase the efficiency of oil/water separation equipment.

Abstract: A magnetic sheet assembly for application to a device adapted for magnetic separation, the magnetic sheet assembly comprising: a magnetic sheet; a permanent, pressure sensitive adhesive; a carrier sheet; and a non-permanent pressure sensitive adhesive. Also provided is a method of mounting and removably adhering the magnetic sheet assembly to a surface of a device for magnetic separation, the method comprising the steps of aligning the magnetic sheet assembly with the surface of the device; and pressing the aligned magnetic sheet assembly in placing its non-permanent adhesive face into adhesive contact with the surface of the device.

Abstract: A magnetic filtration system includes one or a plurality of collection units (1) comprising a magnet (4) disposed between a pair of plates (2, 3), one plate being magnetized North, the other, South. The plates are provided with facing apertures and facing pole pieces so that particles entering the recesses are both repelled from the apertures and attracted towards and retained in collecting regions between exposed facing plate portions.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of and apparatus for the removal of bacteria, microbes and other cell growth from a body of water by the application of an electromagnetic signal to a section of pipe communicable with the body of water.

Abstract: A water-treating device having a water jar, a magnetic agitator, an additive container having a bottom plate and a sleeve attached to the bottom plate, and an agitator driver that rotates the magnetic driver. The sleeve of the additive container has an outer wall, an inner wall, and mineral particles filled between the inner wall and the outer wall. The magnetic agitator has a base and a Y-shaped fin that protrudes upward from the base. The magnetic agitator has a magnetic bar between the fin and the base. The base has a shape of a disc having an upper surface and a lower surface, wherein the lower surface is convex. A metal plate is attached to the lower surface. The bottom plate also has a metal plate that contacts the metal plate of the base.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for manipulating and monitoring analyte flowing in fluid streams. A giant magnetoresistive sensor has an array of sensing elements that produce electrical output signals which vary in dependence on changes in the magnetic field proximate the sensing elements. The analyte is included in a stream, such that the stream has a magnetic property which is dependent on the concentration and distribution on the analyte therein. The stream is flowed past the giant magnetoresistive sensor and in sufficiently close proximity to cause the magnetic properties of the stream to produce electrical output signals. The electrical output signals are monitored as an indicator of analyte concentration or distribution in the stream flowing past the GMR sensor. Changes in the magnetic field produced by the background stream are introduced by analyte molecules, whose presence in the flow past the GMR will effect the output reading.

Abstract: A device for treating liquid medium has an ultrasound emitter located relative to a compartment of a container holding a liquid medium and a microbubble emitter located relative to the compartment. The ultrasound emitter emits high-frequency ultrasound between about 200 KHz and 10 MHz. The microbubble emitter emits bubbles with an average diameter of less than 1 mm.

Abstract: An apparatus for magnetically treating fluids produced from a hydrocarbon well includes a hydrocarbon section and a reactor section. The hydrocarbon section is designed to treat crude oil to inhibit the deposition of paraffins, asphaltines, and the like. The reactor section is designed to treat aqueous fluids to inhibit the deposition of mineral scale, and in particular the deposition of barium sulfate. The magnets in the two sections are arranged in a linear, co-axial relationship. Radial focusing magnets provided in the reactor section distort the magnetic field and inhibit dissolved minerals from forming scale on the production tubing. The apparatus is effective at preventing fouling by barium sulfate deposition.

Abstract: A filter assembly employs radially inwardly and outwardly displaced portions of a peripheral roll seam on the cartridge as components of a cartridge compatibility matrix. A substantially annular space, the radial configuration of which varies with the convoluted roll seam, is defined between the roll seam and a cylindrical wall of the cartridge end cap. The base includes an axially projecting receptacle wall that terminates in a coded lip to define a receptacle for receiving the cartridge end cap. The cartridge mounting system requires axial reception of the coded lip into the substantially annular space of the filter cartridge. The coded lip is configured to block reception and mating of any filter cartridge whose roll seam defines a substantially annular space of incompatible radial configuration. The number, configuration and location of inwardly and outwardly displaced portions of the roll seam may be varied to provide a variety of unique compatibility matrices.

Abstract: Methods of using high-density microparticles to bind and remove pathogens from biological fluids are disclosed. Pathogens include prions, viruses, bacteria and protozoa.