Utilizing Organic Agent Patents (Class 210/698)
Phosphorus containing (Class 210/699)
Acrylic polymer (Class 210/701)
  • Sulfonate and sulfate dispersants for the chemical processing industry
    Patent number: 5650072
    Abstract: The invention provides a method for the inhibition of fouling in petrochemical processes. The method comprises adding from about 0.1 to about 10,000 parts per million sulfonated oils, sulfonated fatty acids, sulfated oils, sulfated fatty acids, or naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates to a petrochemical process to disperse water insoluble foulant into an aqueous system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 19, 1996
    Date of Patent: July 22, 1997
    Assignee: Nalco/Exxon Energy Chemicals L.P.
    Inventors: Robert D. Mc Clain, Vincent E. Lewis
  • Process for the displacement of cyanide ions from metal-cyanide complexes
    Patent number: 5643456
    Abstract: The present invention relates to water-soluble polymers and the use of such water-soluble polymers in a process for the displacement of the cyanide ions from the metal ions within metal-cyanide complexes. The process waste streams can include metal-cyanide containing electroplating waste streams, mining leach waste streams, mineral processing waste streams, and related metal-cyanide containing waste streams. The metal ions of interest are metals that give very strong complexes with cyanide, mostly iron, nickel, and copper. The physical separation of the water-soluble polymer-metal complex from the cyanide ions can be accomplished through the use of ultrafiltration. Once the metal-cyanide complex is disrupted, the freed cyanide ions can be recovered for reuse or destroyed using available oxidative processes rendering the cyanide nonhazardous.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 30, 1995
    Date of Patent: July 1, 1997
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of California
    Inventors: Barbara F. Smith, Thomas W. Robinson
  • Method of removing water soluble organics from oil process water
    Patent number: 5637223
    Abstract: Oil well production fluid composed of oil and water and containing in excess of 100 ppm water soluble petroleum carboxylates in anionic form dissolved in the water is treated by acidifying the fluid to a pH of 6.0 or lower with a combination of a strong organic acid and a strong mineral acid and then is intimately mixed. The oil and water are separated one from the other. The content of the water soluble organics in the water is thereby substantially transferred to the oil phase. In a second aspect of the invention, water used to extract corrosive compounds to render the oil suitable for fueling gas turbine power plants is acidified to a pH of 6.0 or lower and is thereafter intimately mixed with fuel oil.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 13, 1996
    Date of Patent: June 10, 1997
    Assignee: Petrolite Corporation
    Inventors: Thomas J. Bellos, Gregory P. Noelken
  • Stabilization of magnesium hydroxide slurries
    Patent number: 5624568
    Abstract: A treatment for reducing viscosity and inhibiting settling of an aqueous 30% or higher by weight magnesium hydroxide slurry which comprises adding to the slurry an amount, effective for the purpose of a combination of an alkyl sulfosuccinate surfactant, a xanthan gum and a clay.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 17, 1996
    Date of Patent: April 29, 1997
    Assignee: BetzDearborn Inc.
    Inventors: Gregory J. Pomrink, Bruce K. Fillipo
  • Composition and method for controlling precipitation when acidizing wells
    Patent number: 5622919
    Abstract: A composition and method for acidizing a formation in the presence of ferric ion, free sulfur and/or sulfides is disclosed. The composition employs a ferric ion reducing agent and a sulfide reactant separately or in combination. The ferric ion reducing agent is a thioalkyl acid. The sulfide reactant compounds include .alpha.-diketones and saturated and .alpha.-unsaturated cyclic ketones. In another aspect, the reducing activity of the thioalkyl acid is accelerated by the presence of a catalytic quantity of a compound or mixture of compounds which yield in acid solution cuprous ion, cupric ion or combinations thereof with iodide ion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 13, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 22, 1997
    Assignee: Halliburton Company
    Inventors: Michael M. Brezinski, Tommy R. Gardner, Karen L. King, James L. Lane, Jr.
  • Inhibition of scale and corrosion in aqueous systems
    Patent number: 5616278
    Abstract: A method and compounds for inhibiting the formation of scale, e.g., barium scale, and controlling corrosion is disclosed. The method is particularly effective at inhibiting or preventing corrosion of ferrous-based metals in contact with the aqueous systems such as cooling water systems. The method comprises introducing into the aqueous system a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl or substituted aryl; R' and R" are each independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-4 substituted alkyl; Z is O, S, NH or NR, where R is as described above; n is a positive integer greater than 1; f is a positive integer; and M is hydrogen, a water soluble cation (e.g., NH.sub.4.sup.+, alkali metal), or a C.sub.1-3 alkyl group.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 19, 1996
    Date of Patent: April 1, 1997
    Assignee: BetzDearborn Inc.
    Inventors: William S. Carey, Andrew Solov, Libardo A. Perez, Donald T. Freese
  • Treatments to reduce aldol condensation and subsequent polymerization in monoethanolamine scrubbers
    Patent number: 5614080
    Abstract: The present invention provides a large number of inhibiting agents that are useful to reduce aldol condensation in monoethanolamine scrubbers. Such agents include hydrazine, hydroperoxides, hydrogen peroxide, and dialkylketone oximes. Preferred inhibiting agents are hydrazines.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 11, 1995
    Date of Patent: March 25, 1997
    Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated
    Inventor: Glenn L. Roof
  • Method of achieving microbiological control in open recirculating cooling water
    Patent number: 5603840
    Abstract: The invention comprises adding bromide to a cooling water system containing corrosion and scale control treatment chemicals at elevated concentrations (40 ppm or greater). A fraction of the recirculating water is drawn off in a side stream and ozonated. Ozone oxidizes bromide to bromine which then serves as a biocide. The bromide levels are chosen such that the ozone/bromide reaction is preferred over the ozone/treatment chemicals reaction. Thus, the addition of bromide at elevated concentrations, while acting as a biocide precursor, serves to protect treatment chemicals necessary for corrosion and scale control.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 15, 1995
    Date of Patent: February 18, 1997
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventors: Richard J. Strittmatter, Narasimha M. Rao
  • Method for inhibiting microbial adhesion on surfaces
    Patent number: 5593599
    Abstract: A method for inhibiting the microbial adhesion on surfaces in contact with an aqueous system is disclosed, which comprises adding to the system a treatment comprising an alkylsulfosuccinate surfactant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 26, 1996
    Date of Patent: January 14, 1997
    Assignee: BetzDearborn Inc.
    Inventors: J. Barry Wright, Daniel L. Michalopoulos
  • Corrosion inhibiting compositions for aqueous systems
    Patent number: 5578246
    Abstract: This invention relates to a metal corrosion inhibiting composition comprising in admixture: (a) an anodic silicate salt; (b) a silicate salt stabilizer; (c) a cathodic corrosion inhibitor; and water. Preferably, the corrosion inhibiting composition also contains a polymeric scale inhibitor. The invention also relates to a process for treating an open aqueous system with the corrosion inhibiting composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 3, 1994
    Date of Patent: November 26, 1996
    Assignee: Ashland Inc.
    Inventor: Edward S. Beardwood
  • Method of inhibiting scale and controlling corrosion in cooling water systems
    Patent number: 5575920
    Abstract: A method for simultaneously controlling the deposition of scale and the formation of corrosion in a cooling water system consisting of adding to the system a water soluble copolymer having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl, F is H.sub.2 or O, M is a water soluble cation, R.sub.2 is (CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n, ##STR2## or mixture of both, n is an integer of from 1 to about 40, R.sub.3 is H, lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl or an acetate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 18, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 19, 1996
    Assignee: BetzDearborn Inc.
    Inventors: Donald T. Freese, Libardo A. Perez, Keith A. Bair, Fu Chen
  • Process for denaturing and coagulating paints
    Patent number: 5547587
    Abstract: The invention is an improved process for denaturing and coagulating paint in an aqueous medium in which denatured and coagulated paint must remain in a dispersion in the aqueous medium. The aqueous medium contains a coagulant and the aqueous medium is maintained at an alkaline earth metal ion equivalent of less than 1.0 mmole/liter.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: August 20, 1996
    Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
    Inventors: Thomas Molz, Hans-Joergen Rehm, Toni Vogt, Juergen Geke
  • Treatments to reduce aldol condensation and subsequent polymerization in diethanolamine scrubbers
    Patent number: 5527447
    Abstract: The present invention provides a number of inhibiting agents that are useful to reduce aldol condensation in diethanolamine scrubbers. Suitable inhibiting agents include: hydrogen peroxide; hydroperoxides; nitroalkanes; salts of hypochlorous acid; alkyl substituted aldehyde oximes; trialkyl phosphites; isothiuronium salts; 2-mercaptoethanol (C.sub.2 H.sub.6 OS); and, benzoic hydrazide. A preferred inhibiting agent for diethanolamine scrubbers is an excess of hydrogen peroxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 11, 1995
    Date of Patent: June 18, 1996
    Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated
    Inventor: Glenn L. Roof
  • Nonionic polymers for the treatment of boiler water
    Patent number: 5527468
    Abstract: A treatment for controlling the deposition of scale imparting species on the structural surfaces of steam generating systems, wherein the aqueous medium is maintained at a pH which minimizes magnetite solubility, comprising the use of a combination of an organic amine and a nonionic polymer having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl, R.sub.2 is (CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n, ##STR2## or a mixture of both, n is an integer of from 1 to about 40, and R.sub.3 is H, lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl or an acetate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 20, 1994
    Date of Patent: June 18, 1996
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventors: Scott M. Boyette, Keith A. Bair, Fu Chen
  • Copolymers of polyaspartic acid and polycarboxylic acids and polyamines
    Patent number: 5527863
    Abstract: Copolymers of polyaspartic acid which are suitable for the inhibition of scale deposition were obtained by reacting maleic acid, an additional polycarboxylic acid and ammonia in a stoichiometric excess, at 120.degree.-350.degree. C., preferably 180.degree.-300.degree. C., to provide copolymers of polysuccinimide. In a second embodiment, a polyamine was added to the reaction mix. These intermediate polysuccinimide copolymers could then be converted to the salts of copolymers of polyaspartic acid by hydrolysis with a hydroxide.Such copolymers are useful in preventing deposition of scale from water and find applications in treating water. Other applications include scale prevention additives for detergents. In addition, such copolymers inhibit dental tartar and plaque formation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 27, 1995
    Date of Patent: June 18, 1996
    Assignee: Bayer AG
    Inventors: Louis L. Wood, Gary J. Calton
  • Method for controlling scale formation and deposition
    Patent number: 5518630
    Abstract: A method and composition for controlling the formation and deposition of scale imparting compounds in an aqueous system is disclosed. A treatment comprising a sulfonated polymer and a polymaleic acid is effective in controlling the formation and deposition of such compounds.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 7, 1995
    Date of Patent: May 21, 1996
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventors: Donald T. Freese, Libardo A. Perez
  • Methods for controlling scale formation in acqueous systems
    Patent number: 5518629
    Abstract: A method of controlling scale formation and deposition and corrosion in aqueous systems is described wherein a treatment solution of a substoichiometric amount of a scale/corrosion inhibitor in combination with a substituted alkylpolycarboxylate is employed. The scale/corrosion inhibitor can be a phosphonate such as hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, hydroxyphosphonoacetic acids, amino phosphonates; terpolymers, copolymers and homopolymers of acrylic acid, maleic acid, epoxysuccinic acids such as polyepoxysuccinic acid or mixtures thereof. The substituted alkylpolycarboxylates are compounds of the general structure: R--X--Y.sub.n wherein R is a hydrocarbon functionality having 4 to 18 carbons; X, when present, is --NH--, --NY.sup.1 --, --N-->O, --N--OC--Y.sup.1, --O-- or --S--; n is greater than or equal to 1; and Y and Y.sup.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 29, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 21, 1996
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventors: Libardo A. Perez, William S. Carey, Donald T. Freese, Judith B. Rockett
  • Method for inhibiting microbial adhesion on surfaces
    Patent number: 5512186
    Abstract: A method for inhibiting the microbial adhesion on surfaces in contact with an aqueous system is disclosed, which comprises adding to the system a treatment comprising an alkylsulfosuccinate surfactant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 28, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 30, 1996
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventors: J. Barry Wright, Daniel L. Michalopoulos
  • Alkyl-allylphosphonate copolymer used for boiler water treatment
    Patent number: 5512183
    Abstract: A water soluble isopropenylphosphonic acid copolymer composition and method of use thereof are disclosed. The copolymer comprises repeat units (a) of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X=OH or OM, wherein M is a cation, and repeat units (b) of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-10 linear or branched alkyl, phenyl or alkyl substituted phenyl. The copolymers are effective in inhibiting the precipitation of scale forming salts and also act to inhibit corrosion in boiler water systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 7, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 30, 1996
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventors: Scott M. Boyette, Alan E. Goliaszewski
  • Copolymers of polyaspartic acid
    Patent number: 5510426
    Abstract: Higher molecular weight copolymers of polyaspartic acid which are suitable for the inhibition of scale deposition may be obtained by reacting maleic acid and ammonia in a stoichiometric excess, with a diamine or a triamine, at 120.degree.-350.degree. C., preferably 180.degree.-300.degree. C., and then converting the copolymer of polysuccinimide formed to a salt of a copolymer of polyaspartic acid by hydrolysis with a hydroxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 17, 1995
    Date of Patent: April 23, 1996
    Assignee: SRCHEM, Inc.
    Inventor: Louis L. Wood
  • Process for preventing the formation of deposits in a construction drainage system
    Patent number: 5510038
    Abstract: In drainage systems in buildings and excavations there is waste and ground water with a high dissolved material content. These mainly inorganic substances often cause the build-up of hard deposits in the water conveying parts of the drainage systems, e.g. waste water pipes. These deposits reduce the drainage cross section of the drainage systems thus preventing the water from flowing freely and thus causing back-ups which can result in considerable damage. The current processes of removing these deposits are electro-mechanical cleaning and high-pressure rinsing or abrading with water. These processes are laborious, expensive and cause interruptions in operation. It is the aim of the invention to prevent the formation of such deposits. To this end, a conditioning agent in aqueous form is added via a metering installation at one or more points in the drainage system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 13, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 23, 1996
    Inventor: Marcel C. Wegmuller
  • Sulfonic acid group-containing polyaspartic acid derivatives, use thereof and preparation thereof
    Patent number: 5506335
    Abstract: Sulfonic acid group-containing polyaspartic acid derivatives, some of which are novel, having repeating units of the structures I and II ##STR1## in whichR.sup.1 has the meaning given in the description, are suitable for water treatment and as a detergent additive.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 9, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 9, 1996
    Assignee: Bayer AG
    Inventors: Hermann Uhr, Lutz Heuer, Torsten Groth, Winfried Joentgen, Roland Kleinstuck
  • Amino acid copolymers of maleic acid
    Patent number: 5496914
    Abstract: Polymers of maleic, fumaric or malic acids or maleic, fumaric or malic acid and ammonia with amino acids are prepared by heating at 180.degree.-350.degree. C., preferably 200.degree.-300.degree. C. The polymer formed may be converted to a salt by hydrolysis with a metal hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 18, 1995
    Date of Patent: March 5, 1996
    Assignee: SRCHEM, Inc.
    Inventors: Louis L. Wood, Gary J. Calton
  • Method of cleaning scale and stains in water systems and related equipment
    Patent number: 5492629
    Abstract: A method for removing scale and stains from the interior surfaces of a water-containing system having a reservoir, auxiliary equipment and piping, without having to drain the water from the system. The use of inhibited mineral acid allows the water to be circulated throughout the entire system, cleaning all interior surfaces without damaging them. Once scale and stains are removed, the water is neutralized.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 12, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 20, 1996
    Assignee: H.E.R.C. Products Incorporated
    Inventors: Jerome H. Ludwig, Duane W. Sampson
  • Control of scale formation in aqueous systems
    Patent number: 5489666
    Abstract: A method and compounds for inhibiting the formation of scale is disclosed. The method is particularly effective at inhibiting the formation and deposition of calcium scales in circulating aqueous systems such as cooling water systems. The method comprises introducing into the aqueous system a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl or substituted aryl; R' and R" are each independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-4 substituted alkyl; Z is 0, S, NH, or NR, where R is as described above; n is a positive integer greater than 1; f is a positive integer; and M is hydrogen, a water soluble cation (e.g., NH.sub.4.sup.+, alkali metal) or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 7, 1994
    Date of Patent: February 6, 1996
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventors: William S. Carey, Andrew Solov, Donald T. Freese, Libardo A. Perez
  • Method for treating polymer-containing waters to allow use as cooling tower makeup
    Patent number: 5486295
    Abstract: Industrial waters treated with water soluble polymers can be satisfactorily recycled into systems containing hardness causing cations by treating the water containing the polymer with a water soluble persulfate salt. Treated waters may be added, for example, into a recirculating cooling water system, saving makeup water, and decreasing the load placed on industrial plant waste water systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 12, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 23, 1996
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventor: Paul R. Young
  • Method of inhibiting barium sulfate and strontium sulfate scale at low pH
    Patent number: 5486294
    Abstract: Disclosed is a method of inhibiting the formation of scales such as barium and strontium sulfate in low pH aqueous system. The method involves treating the aqueous system with a scale control treatment including polyepoxysuccinic acid. Typical low pH aqueous systems where the present invention is particularly useful are oilfield produced water, resin bed water softeners during acid regeneration operations.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 30, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 23, 1996
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventor: J. Michael Brown
  • Preparation of anhydropolyamino acids
    Patent number: 5470942
    Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing polyaspartic acid by thermal condensation of L-aspartic acid in a novel catalyst which shortens the reaction time and increases the molecular weight of the polymer. The novel catalyst is a catalytically effective methylenephosphonic acid. Typical catalysts are 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid). The methylenephosphonic acid is blended with the amino acid in a molar ratio of amino acid to catalyst in the range of from about 1:1 to 40:1.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 16, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 28, 1995
    Assignee: Monsanto Company
    Inventors: Gregory C. Alexander, Mark E. Jason, Dennis J. Kalota
  • Methods of controlling scale formation in the presence of metal ions in aqueous systems
    Patent number: 5468393
    Abstract: A method of inhibiting scale formation in acidic aqueous systems where metal ions such as Al.sup.+3 and Fe.sup.+3 are present by employing a polyepoxysuccinic acid in combination with a metal ion binding material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 20, 1994
    Date of Patent: November 21, 1995
    Assignee: Betz PaperChem, Inc.
    Inventors: Davor F. Zidovec, Alexander D. Fisher, deceased
  • Method for inhibiting the plugging of conduits by gas hydrates
    Patent number: 5460728
    Abstract: A method is provided for inhibiting the formation of hydrates in streams containing low-boiling hydrocarbons and water. The method includes adding to the stream a component of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are independently chosen from the group consisting of normal and branched alkyls having at least 4 carbon atoms,and X is N--R.sub.4, wherein R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and organic substituents andY.sup.- is an anion. The amount added is an amount that is effective to inhibit formation of hydrates in the mixture at conduit temperatures and pressures. The preferred R.sub.4 is an alkyl or alkenyl having from eight to twenty carbons, and the preferred R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are alkyls having four to six carbon atoms.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 21, 1993
    Date of Patent: October 24, 1995
    Assignee: Shell Oil Company
    Inventors: Ulfert C. Klomp, Vitold R. Kruka, Rene Reijnhart, Anton J. Weisenborn
  • 1:1 soap compositions of acids and amines or ammonia useful in removal and prevention of scale
    Patent number: 5451335
    Abstract: A method for the removal and prevention of scale using a soap composition of a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio equivalent of an acid and a base. The acid, for example, is an organic carboxylic acid or a mineral acid. The base is an amine or ammonia. The organic acids consist of formic, acetic, propionic, citric, glycolic, lactic, tartaric, polyacrylic, succinic, sulfonic, gluconic, benzoic, salicylic, and mixtures thereof. The mineral acids consist of hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric, polyphosphoric, hydrofluoric, boric, sulfuric, and sulfurous, and mixtures thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 15, 1994
    Date of Patent: September 19, 1995
    Assignee: H.E.R.C. Products Incorporated
    Inventors: Allen C. Hieatt, Jerome H. Ludwig
  • Copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated and polyethylene-glycol monomethacrylate monomeric repeat units useful as scale control agents in boiler systems
    Patent number: 5445758
    Abstract: A composition for controlling the deposition of scale imparting species on the structural surfaces of steam generating systems comprising the use of a water soluble polymer having the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl, R.sub.2 is (CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n, ##STR2## or a mixture of both, and n is an integer of from about 1 to about 40, R.sub.3 is H, lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl or an acetate. This polymer may also be used in concert with topping agents such as phosphoric acids, phosphonic acids, amines, metal chelating agents and oxygen scavengers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 7, 1994
    Date of Patent: August 29, 1995
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventors: Fu Chen, Keith A. Bair, Scott M. Boyette
  • .alpha.-olefin/maleic anhydride copolymers as antifoulants in quench water systems
    Patent number: 5427690
    Abstract: A method for dispersing heavy hydrocarbons in an ethylene water quench tower, the method comprising the steps of: introducing an effective amount of a dispersant into the ethylene water quench tower, the dispersant comprising a copolymer of an .alpha.-olefin having from about 10 to about 36 carbon atoms and a maleic anhydride, wherein the rate ratio of the .alpha.-olefin to the maleic anhydride is from about 1:1 to about 5:5 and the molecular weight of the copolymer is from about 5,000 to about 100,000, the anhydride moieties of the copolymer being substantially intact.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 10, 1994
    Date of Patent: June 27, 1995
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventors: Carl T. Rowe, Sherri L. Fisher
  • Process to prevent scale adhesion using condensation product of aromatic amine and a quinone
    Patent number: 5424377
    Abstract: A process to prevent scale adhesion to reactor surfaces using an alkaline solution of the condensation product of an aromatic diamino compound and a quinone. The aromatic amino compound has the general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is at least one group selected from the group consisting of --OH, --COOH and --SO.sub.3 H, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a substituent group, X is a single bond or a divalent group of the formula --CH.dbd.CH--, and m and n are each an integer from 0 to 4, provided m and n are not simultaneously zero, when a plurality of R.sup.1 groups are present they may be identical or different, and when a plurality of R.sup.2 groups are present they may be identical or different, with (A-2) a quinone compound, and a process for producing a polymer using the agent are disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 27, 1993
    Date of Patent: June 13, 1995
    Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Toshihide Shimizu, Mikio Watanabe
  • Reaction product of an aromatic amine and quinone as a polymer scale preventive agent
    Patent number: 5424003
    Abstract: A polymer scale preventive agent for coating internal reactor surfaces. The coating is a condensation product of an aromatic amine and a quinone in an alkaline solvent, used in conjunction with colloidal silica and/or alkali metal silicates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 21, 1992
    Date of Patent: June 13, 1995
    Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Toshihide Shimizu, Mikio Watanabe
  • Method for inhibiting silica and silicate deposition
    Patent number: 5422010
    Abstract: A method and composition for inhibiting silica and silicate deposition on metal surfaces in contact with aqueous systems is disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 15, 1994
    Date of Patent: June 6, 1995
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventors: William S. Carey, Andrew Solov, Libardo A. Perez
  • Method for the alteration of siliceous materials from bayer process liquors
    Patent number: 5415782
    Abstract: Siliceous materials produced by thermally treating spent Bayer process liquors are obtained in modified form when produced in the presence of polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds, polyamine polymers, copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylamide, and polyacrylamides. These modified siliceous materials possess morphologies which confer upon them a reduced tendency to deposit on surfaces throughout the process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 22, 1993
    Date of Patent: May 16, 1995
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventor: Peter A. Dimas
  • Method for using ozone in cooling towers
    Patent number: 5415783
    Abstract: A method for increasing the effectiveness of ozone as a treating agent for alkaline cooling tower waters. This is accomplished by reducing pH of the solutions in contactor loops which supply ozone to cooling tower waters with an acidic substance.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 13, 1993
    Date of Patent: May 16, 1995
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventors: Donald A. Johnson, Richard J. Strittmatter, Binaifer S. Khambatta
  • Polymer scale preventive agent, polymerization vessel effective in preventing polymer scale deposition, and process of producing polymer using said vessel
    Patent number: 5411675
    Abstract: A polymer scale preventive agent for use in polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, comprising:(A) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of diaminobenzenes and diaminonaphthalenes,(B) a hydroxynaphthoquinone, and(C) an acid. The polymerization vessel having a coating comprising the polymer scale preventive agent on its inner wall, etc. is effective in preventing deposition of polymer scale, and the polymeric product has a high whiteness and is of high quality.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 24, 1992
    Date of Patent: May 2, 1995
    Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Masahiro Usuki, Susumu Ueno
  • Scale deposit inhibitor for kraft digesters and method for controlling scale deposition in kraft digesters
    Patent number: 5409571
    Abstract: A scale deposit inhibitor and a method for continuously controlling scale deposition applicable to a digester and its peripheral equipment used in kraft pulp manufacture are disclosed, the scale deposit inhibitor comprising a maleic acid-acrylic acid-hypophosphorous acid terpolymer having a maleic acid unit to acrylic acid unit molar ratio of 1:4 to 4:1, a hypophosphorous acid unit content of 1 to 12 mol %, and a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 10000. The scale deposit inhibitor is added to a cooking liquor in a concentration of 0.01 to 10 ppm per ppm of a calcium ion in the cooking liquor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 1, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 25, 1995
    Assignee: Hakuto Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Akira Togo, Takanori Shibata
  • Controlling scale in black liquor evaporators
    Patent number: 5407583
    Abstract: An anionic/cationic polymer mixture comprising:(a) a polyanion selected from polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, and polymaleic anhydride, each optionally copolymerized with each other, or optionally copolymerized with acrylamide up to a molar unit ratio of 1:1, provided that the total polyanionic weight average molecular weight is from about 1 to 5 thousand, and(b) the polycation poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) having a weight average molecular weight of from about 25 thousand to 1 million,wherein the weight ratio of polyanion (a) to polycation (b) is from 1:2 to 1:8, has been found to give excellent inhibition of the formation, deposition and adherence of various alkali metal and alkaline earth metal scales, e.g., sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate scales in the stringent conditions which characterize black liquor heaters, evaporators, etc.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 15, 1993
    Date of Patent: April 18, 1995
    Assignee: Calgon Corporation
    Inventors: Jasbir S. Gill, Kenneth F. Henderson
  • Noncorrosive scale inhibitor additive in geothermal wells
    Patent number: 5403493
    Abstract: An aqueous scale inhibitor product is corrosive to the elongated feed lines of a geothermal well due to the length of such feed lines, extended residence time of the product therein, and/or the elevated internal temperatures reached therein, and such corrosivity of aqueous scale inhibitor products is reduced when the scale inhibitor actives are no more than about 10 weight percent of the aqueous solution, when the pH of such aqueous solution is raised to the range of from about 5.5, or 8, to about 12, when carbohydrazide is added to such product, and by combinations of such factors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 10, 1992
    Date of Patent: April 4, 1995
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventors: Richard J. Mouche, Eugene B. Smyk
  • Conservation of water in operating evaporative coolers
    Patent number: 5401419
    Abstract: The present invention relates to operation of residential or commercial evaporative coolers, more specifically, its subject matter is conservation of water needed to cool down ambient air in their operation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 23, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1995
    Inventor: Sidney Z. Kocib
  • Method of treating cooling water systems
    Patent number: 5382367
    Abstract: A method of preventing and controlling corrosion and build-up of scale in cooling-water systems at water temperatures below about 212.degree. F. The method comprises the use of an effective amount of hydrogen peroxide, i.e., 0.01 to 100 parts by weight per million parts of water, about 0.01 to 100 parts by weight of at least one organic triazole per million parts of water, 0.1 to 200 parts by weight per million parts of water of at least one polymerized ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, e.g., polymerized maleic acid having average molecular weights ranging from about 250 to 500,000 and 0 to 200 parts by weight, e.g., 0.1 to 50 parts of at least one non-ionic surfactant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 20, 1991
    Date of Patent: January 17, 1995
    Assignee: Zinkan Enterprises Co.
    Inventors: K. James Zinkan, Louis J. Koenig, Jr.
  • Transport and deposit inhibition of copper in boiler systems
    Patent number: 5378373
    Abstract: This invention relates to a method of transporting and inhibiting the deposition of copper and copper-containing metals on metal surfaces in steam generating systems. This method utilizes a sulfono benzotriazole compound or salt thereof as the treatment agents.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 17, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 3, 1995
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventor: Orin Hollander
  • Control of scale formation in aqueous systems
    Patent number: 5378372
    Abstract: A method and polymers for inhibiting the formation of scale is disclosed. The method is particularly effective at inhibiting the formation and deposition of calcium scales in circulating aqueous systems such as cooling water systems. The method comprises introducing into the aqueous system a polymer of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl or substituted aryl; R' and R" are each independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-4 substituted alkyl; Z is O, S, NH, or NR, where R is as described above; n is a positive integer greater than 1; f is a positive integer; and M is hydrogen, a water soluble cation (e.g., NH.sub.4.sup.+, alkali metal), or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl group.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 9, 1993
    Date of Patent: January 3, 1995
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventors: William S. Carey, Andrew Solov, Donald T. Freese, Libardo A. Perez
  • Methods of controlling scale formation in the presence of metal ions in aqueous systems
    Patent number: 5368740
    Abstract: A method of inhibiting scale formation in acidic aqueous systems where metal ions such as A1.sup.+3 or Fe.sup.+3 are present by employing a polyepoxysuccinic acid in combination with a metal ion binding material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 23, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 29, 1994
    Assignee: Betz PaperChem, Inc.
    Inventors: Davor F. Zidovec, Alexander D. Fisher
  • Method of removing water soluble organics from oil process water
    Patent number: 5364532
    Abstract: Oil well production fluid composed of oil and water and containing in excess of 100 ppm water soluble petroleum carboxylates in anionic form dissolved in the water is treated by acidifying the fluid to a pH of 6.0 or lower with a combination of a strong organic acid and a strong mineral acid and then is intimately mixed. The oil and water are separated one from the other. The content of the water soluble organics in the water is thereby substantially transferred to the oil phase. In a second aspect of the invention, water used to extract corrosive compounds to render the oil suitable for fueling gas turbine power plants is acidified to a pH of 6.0 or lower and is thereafter intimately mixed with fuel oil.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 2, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 15, 1994
    Assignee: Petrolite Corporation
    Inventors: Thomas J. Bellos, Gregory P. Noelken
  • Scale inhibitor and process for using
    Patent number: 5360065
    Abstract: A copolymer of sodium vinyl sulfonate and polyalkylene glycol mono- or di-methacrylate and a process for inhibiting scale deposition, particularly inorganic sulfate such as barium sulfate. An aqueous fluid present in or produced from a subterranean formation is contacted with an aqueous solution having the copolymer dissolved therein. The aqueous fluid has an acidic pH and the copolymer has a molecular weight of from about 2,000 to about 30,000.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 29, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 1, 1994
    Assignee: Marathon Oil Company
    Inventor: David O. Falk
  • Copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated and polyethylene-glycol monomethacrylate monomeric repeat units useful as scale control agents in boiler systems
    Patent number: 5350536
    Abstract: A composition for controlling the deposition of scale imparting species on the structural surfaces of steam generating systems comprising the use of a water soluble polymer having the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or lower (C.sub.1 14 C.sub.4) alkyl, R.sub.2 is (CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n, ##STR2## or a mixture of both, and n is an integer of from about 1 to about 40, R.sub.3 is H, lower (C.sub.1-C.sub.4) alkyl or an acetate. This polymer may also be used in concert with topping agents such as phosphoric acids, phosphonic acids, amines, metal chelating agents and oxygen scavengers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 1993
    Date of Patent: September 27, 1994
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventors: Fu Chen, Keith A. Bair, Scott M. Boyette