Including Degassing Patents (Class 210/750)
  • Patent number: 5035810
    Abstract: For the treatment of a wastewater containing sour gases with a stripping gas, resultant stripping gas containing the sour gases is introduced into at least one combustion stage within the total process for recovery of the sulfur-containing components, the wastewater being stripped with at least a portion of the amount of O.sub.2 -containing gas required in the subsequent combustion stages.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 15, 1989
    Date of Patent: July 30, 1991
    Inventors: Michael Heisel, Josef Sporer
  • Patent number: 5035813
    Abstract: An aqueous fluid for treating underground, carbon dioxide-containing formations penetrated by casing regions of a wellbore, prior to the cementing of casings into the wellbore, comprises: (i) water, (ii) an agent which substantially increases (preferably by at least about 50 percent) the solubility of lime in water, and (iii) lime in an amount at least about saturating the water in the fluid. The lime in the treatment fluid reacts with carbon dioxide in penetrated formations to produce insoluble calcium carbonate, which blocks pores in the formations. Insoluble calcium hydroxide, formed by reaction of the lime with the water in the treatment fluid, deposits as an insoluble filter cake on the walls of the borehole where the fluid penetrates formations. The calcium hydroxide filter cake may react with the carbon dioxide to form additional calcium carbonate which helps the filter cake form a tight, impermeable barrier at the borehole.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 30, 1988
    Date of Patent: July 30, 1991
    Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
    Inventor: Jian-Chyun Shen
  • Patent number: 4997572
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a high rate method for combining waste materials to produce valuable products for agricultural, horticultural, sylvicultural or public use. Specifically, the present invention combines the steps of alkaline stabilization, beneficiating and pelletizing waste materials, such as wastewater treatment plant sludge or animal excrement and reaction with carbon dioxide, to thereby convert the waste materials to useful products such as soil conditioners or fertilizer supplements.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 29, 1990
    Date of Patent: March 5, 1991
    Assignee: Willow Technology, Inc.
    Inventor: William O. Wurtz
  • Patent number: 4980128
    Abstract: Corrosion of metals in contact with system water in an aqueous system is inhibited by adding to the system water an effective amount of an oxygen scavenger selected from the group of nitrones having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or different and are each a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbon radicals having between 1 and 10 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 is a hydrocarbon radical having between 1 and 10 carbon atoms; or water soluble salts thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 16, 1987
    Date of Patent: December 25, 1990
    Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.
    Inventors: Dionisio G. Cuisia, Chih M. Hwa, Murrell L. Salutsky
  • Patent number: 4968438
    Abstract: An improved method for scavenging dissolved oxygen from waters used to generate steam which comprises treating said waters with at least 0.3 mole of gallic acid per mole of oxygen contained in said bioler waters.An aqueous concentrate useful for treating boiler waters to scavenge oxygen therefrom which contains at least 0.3% by weight of gallic acid. This aqueous concentrate has a pH adjusted to at least 8.5.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 17, 1988
    Date of Patent: November 6, 1990
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventors: Cynthia A. Soderquist, John A. Kelly, Frederick S. Mandel
  • Patent number: 4968436
    Abstract: In a method for the treatment of sewage containing nitrites comprising the reduction of the nitrite with urea in an acid medium it is provided, to obtain end products friendly to the environment and an economic conduction of the method, that a greatly acid urea solution be supplied and circulated through a pipe reactor, and that the sewage containing nitrite to be treated should be injected into the pipe reactor. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method and to an examination device which is particularly suitable for the periodic determination of the nitrite content in a circulation duct.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 1989
    Date of Patent: November 6, 1990
    Assignee: Wieland Edelmetalle, K.G.
    Inventors: Gerhard Gutekunst, Waldemar Mzyk
  • Patent number: 4960576
    Abstract: A process for abating hydrogen sulfide during geothermal steam stacking operations is disclosed. The geothermal steam to be stacked is introduced into a geothermal steam stacking line. Ferric chelating solution is injected into the stacking line in an amount effective to convert the hydrogen sulfide in the steam to sulfur. The hydrogen sulfide-abated steam and chelating solution is vented through a rock muffler and the chelating solution is optionally recovered from the muffler, regenerated and recirculated to the injection step.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 1, 1989
    Date of Patent: October 2, 1990
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Stephen A. Bedell, Charles A. Hammond, Larry H. Kirby
  • Patent number: 4937004
    Abstract: The method for the deoxidation of chlorinated water, more particularly sea water, by means of a low oxygen content stripping gas, comprises a closed circuit in which a liquid absorbent circulates. For dechlorination, the liquid absorbent is brought into contact in an absorption column with the stripping gas charged with oxygen and chlorine. The absorbent is of a nature not to absorb at least one of the components comprising carbon dioxide, oxygen and hydrocarbons, and is fed to the absorption column by a pump from a reservoir in the circuit.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 9, 1989
    Date of Patent: June 26, 1990
    Assignee: Sulzer Brothers Limited
    Inventors: Charles Mandrin, Rene Keller
  • Patent number: 4929364
    Abstract: An aqueous concentrate useful for treating boiler waters to scavenge oxygen therefrom which contains at least 0.3% by weight of either gallic acid or propyl gallate. This aqueous concentrate has a pH adjusted to at least 8.5 by a water-soluble neutralizing amine of the type used to treat boiler waters. Additionally, a method for treating boiler waters with an oxygen scavenger.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 4, 1988
    Date of Patent: May 29, 1990
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventors: Patricia A. Reardon, David A. Grattan
  • Patent number: 4895703
    Abstract: A method for inhibiting corrosion due to dissolved oxygen wherein trihydroxybenzene compounds, alone or in combination with conventional oxygen scavengers, preferably hydroquinone, are added to boiler water to prevent corrosion by reducing dissolved oxygen levels in boiler feedwater.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 15, 1988
    Date of Patent: January 23, 1990
    Assignee: Calgon Corporation
    Inventors: John D. Zupanovich, Lois J. Neil, Dennis J. Sepelak
  • Patent number: 4892664
    Abstract: A method and system for decontaminating water, e.g., groundwater or process effluent, which is contaminated by small concentrations, e.g., in the range of 0.01 to 100 ppm, of dissolved volatile organic compounds (VOCs) includes introducing a flow of the water to an air stripping stage in which the water is directed through a packed column and air is directed through the column to air-strip organic molecules from the contaminated water; releasing the thus decontaminated water substantially free of the compounds to the environment; pretreating the organic compounds-carrying air in the substantial absence of water particles by a preheater; passing the heated air through a catalytic stage that oxidizes the organic compounds, and releasing the gaseous effluent from the catalytic stage to the atmosphere substantially free of organic contaminants.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 28, 1987
    Date of Patent: January 9, 1990
    Assignee: Groundwater Technology, Inc.
    Inventor: Paul C. Miller
  • Patent number: 4891141
    Abstract: An oxygen scavenger for boiler water includes ascorbic acid neutralized with diethylaminoethanol. The diethylaminoethanol provides condensate treatment for the long and short steam lines and improves the scavenging of the ascorbic acid.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 11, 1987
    Date of Patent: January 2, 1990
    Assignee: DuBois Chemicals, Inc.
    Inventors: Ronald J. Christensen, Lyle H. Steimel
  • Patent number: 4874530
    Abstract: Disclosed is a method for treating a photographic processing waste solution comprising concentrating the photographic processing waste solution containing at least thiosulfate ions, characterized in that there is provided at least one part selected from (i) to (v) shown below:(i) a part for adding sulfite ions or a compound capable of releasing sulfite ions into the photographic processing waste solution at the time or before heating of the photographic processing waste solution;(ii) a part for contact evaporated gas with a catalyst having a metal of the following (a) to (d) or a compound thereof carried thereon:(a) at least one selected from the group VIII elements consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum,(b) copper,(c) zinc,(d) manganese;(iii) a part for permitting a water-soluble polymer to exist;(iv) a part for permitting an oxidizing agent capable of oxidizing thiosulfate ions to exist; and(v) a part for adding a pH controlling agent into the photogr
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 27, 1987
    Date of Patent: October 17, 1989
    Assignee: KNICA Corporation
    Inventors: Kazuhiro Kobayashi, Masayuki Kurematsu, Shigeharu Koboshi, Nobutaka Goto, Naoki Takabayashi
  • Patent number: 4869832
    Abstract: A radon removal system includes a packed mass transfer material aeration column and is sized to fit within a single story of a residential building. A residential water supply that is naturally contaminated with radioactive radon gas is connected to the top of the column. The water is preferably distributed across the top of the mass transfer packing by a coarse mist spray nozzle. The water splashes down through the packing and collects in a holding tank at the bottom of the column. Air, blown up through the column packing, comes into contact with the radon-laden water, and evaporates the radon out of the water. The radon-laden air is then vented outside the home.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 13, 1987
    Date of Patent: September 26, 1989
    Assignee: North East Environmental Products, Inc.
    Inventor: Bruce L. Lamarre
  • Patent number: 4853002
    Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed form a water stream comprising hydrogen sulfide and a high concentration of a Group IIA metal component such as magnesium and calcium components by maintaining the water stream at a specific acidic pH range and a specified temperature, and subjecting the resulting acidified hot water stream to vacuum flashing, in the absence of a stripping gas.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 15, 1988
    Date of Patent: August 1, 1989
    Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Company
    Inventors: Joseph L. Niedzwiecki, Ralph G. Wolfe
  • Patent number: 4851130
    Abstract: When an aqueous system containing dissolved oxygen and erythorbate or ascorbate is passed through an activated carbon bed, the oxygen is removed at ambient temperatures. This method of oxygen removal finds practical application in the removal of oxygen from boiler condensate, low temperature boiler feedwater and oil well injection water or brine.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 30, 1988
    Date of Patent: July 25, 1989
    Assignee: Pfizer Inc.
    Inventor: Ralph D. May
  • Patent number: 4839052
    Abstract: The invention provides a process for the treatment of water containing dissolved calcium ions and dissolved sulphate ions. The water is passed at a pH of 5-8,5 through an anaerobic biological sulphate removal stage wherein microorganisms utilize sulphate ions in the water to produce hydrogen sulphide. The water from the sulphate removal stage is then passed through a hydrogen sulphide removal stage where hydrogen sulphide is removed therefrom. Water form the hydrogen sulphide removal stage is passed through an aerobic biological treatment stage wherein microorganisms cause at least partial biodegradation of any organic material remaining in the water and wherein calcium carbonate is precipitated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 23, 1988
    Date of Patent: June 13, 1989
    Assignee: Council for Scientific and Industrial Research
    Inventor: Johannes P. Maree
  • Patent number: 4816177
    Abstract: An agent is disclosed that is useful for treating liquid media, e.g., dechlorinating aqueous media. The agent contains at least one salt from the sulfur oxide family, such as sodium sulfite. In the agent, the salt is in mixture with an organic gel forming binder. The mixed material is especially adapted for preparing self-supporting, discrete particles of solid compacted material, e.g., tableted composition. The composition can provide such compacted material not only of desirable strength and hardness, but also of desirably controlled dissolution rate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 11, 1987
    Date of Patent: March 28, 1989
    Assignee: Eltech Systems Corporation
    Inventors: Bonnie I. Nelson, Randolph C. Turk, Lemuel C. Curlin
  • Patent number: 4795532
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating the distilled water obtained from an evaporation process sea water desalination plant is provided wherein carbon dioxide is extracted from sea water in the high temperature stages of the desalination plant and where the carbon dioxide thus extracted is dissolved into the water, along with calcium, thereby converting the distilled water into the quality suited for city tap water.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 13, 1987
    Date of Patent: January 3, 1989
    Assignee: Sasakura Engineering Co. Ltd.
    Inventors: Junji Mizutani, Kozo Fujita
  • Patent number: 4789488
    Abstract: Water for use in steam generation systems, which is contained in a storage tank, is deoxygenated for use in the system by adding hydrogen to a stream of the water and intimately mixing the same, pressurizing the stream to a pressure of 60-150 psig, and contacting the pressurized stream with a catalyst bed of palladium or platinum dispersed on a solid carrier. The hydrogen reacts with the dissolved oxygen in the presence of the catalyst at ambient temperatures, to produce a deoxygenated stream of water containing less than 10 ppb of oxygen. The deoxygenated water can be returned to the storage tank or supplied directly to the steam generation system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 21, 1987
    Date of Patent: December 6, 1988
    Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp.
    Inventor: Sunil G. deSilva
  • Patent number: 4784775
    Abstract: Sour water is treated to remove dissolved hydrogen sulfide by means of an aqueous chelated polyvalent metal solution in a continuous recirculating system, particularly an autocirculation system, having reaction and oxygenation zones. The solution contains a small catalytic amount of chelated polyvalent metal, and the dissolved hydrogen sulfide is catalytically oxidized to sulfur in the liquid phase by means of dissolved oxygen in the solution. The sour water feed to the reaction zone is diluted by a massive recycle of oxygenated solution from the oxygenation zone before the sour water is contacted with air or other oxidizing gas used for oxygenating the used solution. A portion of the oxygenated solution containing chelated polyvalent metal is removed as the sweet water product, and replacement chelated polyvalent metal is added.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 2, 1987
    Date of Patent: November 15, 1988
    Assignee: ARI Technologies, Inc.
    Inventor: Leslie C. Hardison
  • Patent number: 4756836
    Abstract: For drilling mud during use in drilling a well an additive of FE Chelate is disclosed. The chelating agent preferably includes EDTA, HEDTA, NTA, or DTPA. It is oxygen regenerated at the surface to enable repeated use to remove H.sub.2 S. Any H.sub.2 S is converted to elemental sulfur, reducing risk of poisoning.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 7, 1986
    Date of Patent: July 12, 1988
    Assignee: The Dow Chemical Company
    Inventors: Gaines C. Jeffrey, Lance A. Cooper, Sharon S. Whipple
  • Patent number: 4752400
    Abstract: A method of removal of cyanide and metal ions from electroplating waste waters is described. The cyanide, as hydrogen cyanide, is purged with air and then absorbed efficiently in 1.5% sodium hydroxide solution. The purge is effected by dispersing air bubbles in the waste water after adjusting the pH of the water to one within the range of from 4 to 6.5. The cyanide ions are converted to hydrogen cyanide and entrained in the air bubbles for transport to a separate vessel for absorbtion in the sodium hydroxide solution. The apparatus employed is a closed system to avoid the hazards associated with hydrogen cyanide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 25, 1986
    Date of Patent: June 21, 1988
    Assignee: Viking Industries
    Inventor: Donald E. Pearson
  • Patent number: 4734258
    Abstract: An improved method for scavenging dissolved oxygen from industrial waters which comprises treating said waters with at least 1 ppb of morpholinohexose reductone.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 7, 1987
    Date of Patent: March 29, 1988
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventor: David R. Cosper
  • Patent number: 4728497
    Abstract: A method for reducing the amount of oxygen in an oxygen-containing aqueous medium comprising adding to the medium an effective amount of a hydrazine-free aqueous solution of an aminophenol compound or acid salt thereof having the formula ##STR1## where a=1, 2, or 3;b is 0 or 1 andx=amino or alkylamino (C1-C4).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 15, 1980
    Date of Patent: March 1, 1988
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventor: John A. Muccitelli
  • Patent number: 4722799
    Abstract: A desulphurization apparatus and method for natural gas in which red iron oxide is reacted with the sulphur compounds found in natural gas to remove these compounds from the gas. The treating solution is then recycled to regenerate the red iron oxide solution with elemental sulphur formed as a byproduct for removal.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 17, 1985
    Date of Patent: February 2, 1988
    Inventors: Clifford L. Ashbrook, Douglas B. Scarborough
  • Patent number: 4719034
    Abstract: A solid defoaming composition, and a process for making the composition, is described. The defoaming composition comprises a solid nonionic surfactant, selected from aliphatic esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; a solid, water-soluble polymer, selected from carboxyvinyl polymers and poly(vinyl alcohol)s; and a silicone composition, composed of a fine silica powder and a silicone oil having a viscosity of at least 100 cS at 25.degree. C. A molded cake of the composition of this invention does not bleed silicone oil and may be employed to defoam aqueous systems for extended periods without the need to replenish the active ingredient. The composition is particularly useful for defoaming septic tanks and sewage.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 25, 1985
    Date of Patent: January 12, 1988
    Assignee: Toray Silicone Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Takateru Yamada, Keiichi Kishimoto
  • Patent number: 4693866
    Abstract: Methods for chemically scavenging oxygen from an aqueous medium are disclosed. Linear, water soluble polyethyleneamines, such as pentaethylenehexamine, are added, as the sole oxygen scavenger, to the desired aqueous medium. Suitable environments for use of these amines comprise boiler feedwater and boiler steam condensate systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 9, 1987
    Date of Patent: September 15, 1987
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventor: Nancy A. Feldman
  • Patent number: 4689156
    Abstract: A method is provided for removing ammonia from wastewater containing in excess of about 15 ppm NH.sub.3 (N)-T. The method comprises treating the wastewater with an alkaline reagent selected from the group consisting of lime and caustic sufficient to raise the pH to provide a free ammonia equivalence (FAE) to a value of at least about 12.4, the free ammonia equivalence being determined as follows:FAE=pH+(.theta./15).sup.0.5wherein pH is the pH value of the treated wastewater and .theta. is the temperature of the wastewater in degrees Fahrenheit. The treated wastewater is gas-stripped to lower the total ammonia content of the treated wastewater to a value of less than about 10 ppm NH.sub.3 (N)-T, the gas stripping being controlled to maintain the free ammonia equivalence of the wastewater phase being stripped to a value of at least about 12.4, following which the stripped wastewater is acidified to lower the un-ionized ammonia content to less than about 0.05 ppm NH.sub.3 (N).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 12, 1985
    Date of Patent: August 25, 1987
    Assignee: AMAX Inc.
    Inventor: John F. Zibrida
  • Patent number: 4681737
    Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion due to dissolved oxygen is disclosed, whereby chelant-stabilized sodium erythorbate, alone or in combination with conventional corrosion inhibitors, is added to boiler water to prevent corrosion by reducing dissolved oxygen levels in boiler feedwater.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 17, 1985
    Date of Patent: July 21, 1987
    Assignee: Calgon Corporation
    Inventors: Jerry L. Walker, John D. Zupanovich
  • Patent number: 4676910
    Abstract: Concentrated solutions of sodium sulfite and related compounds can be inhibited against sodium sulfate precipitation by substituting potassium for a portion of the sodium contained in such compounds. A typical concentrate would contain a water-soluble sulfite mixture comprising sodium and potassium sulfite with the sodium to potassium ratio ranging between 1:1 to 15:1.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 11, 1986
    Date of Patent: June 30, 1987
    Assignee: Nalco Chemical Company
    Inventor: Leonard Dubin
  • Patent number: 4666610
    Abstract: A process for neutralizing chloramines, chlorine and ammonia in marine and fresh waters by adding an alkali metal formaldehydebisulfite in a dry or solution form in which the alkali metal formaldehydebisulfite is selected from the group consisting of sodium formaldehydebisulfite and potassium formaldehydebisulfite. Preferably, the alkali metal formaldehydebisulfite is sodium formaldehydebisulfite added in the amount at least equal to the greater of the quantity required to react on a one to one molecular basis with 4 times the stoichiometric amount of ammonia, 12 times the stoichiometric amount of monochloramine, 10 times the stoichiometric amount of dichloramine or 12 times the stoichiometric amount of chlorine in the form of hypochlorites present in the water to be treated.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 28, 1985
    Date of Patent: May 19, 1987
    Assignee: Aquascience Research Group, Inc.
    Inventor: John F. Kuhns
  • Patent number: 4664844
    Abstract: In antifoams based on oil-in-water emulsions, the oil phase of the emulsion contains(a) C.sub.12 -C.sub.26 -alcohols, distillation residues obtained in the preparation of alcohols by an oxosynthesis or by the Ziegler process and/or(b) fatty acid esters of C.sub.12 -C.sub.22 -carboxylic acids with monohydric, dihydric or trihydric C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alcohols, with or without(c) a hydrocarbon having a boiling point above 200.degree. C. or fatty acids of 12 to 22 carbon atoms,constitutes from 15 to 60% by weight of the emulsion and has a mean droplet size of from 0.5 to 15 .mu.m. The emulsions are stabilized by the addition of from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, based on the total emulsion, of a high molecular weight water-soluble homopolymer or copolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide or methacrylamide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 11, 1985
    Date of Patent: May 12, 1987
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Wolfram Bergold, Jaroslav Melzer
  • Patent number: 4663089
    Abstract: A diffused bubble aeration system for small scale water supplies includes a plurality of water holding vessels having water inlet and water outlet couplings operatively coupled in series for series flow of water through the successive vessels. The inlet and outlet openings are located substantially below the normal water level in the vessels, for example, substantially at the mid section of the respective vessels for equalization of volume and water level in the vessels. The series coupled vessels, barrels or drums comprise a first vessel having a supply water inlet coupling for coupling to a water supply and a last vessel or drum with a treated supply water outlet coupling to treated water supply water pump and pressurized treated water storage tank.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 6, 1986
    Date of Patent: May 5, 1987
    Inventors: Jerry D. Lowry, Sylvia B. Lowry
  • Patent number: 4657740
    Abstract: Methods for chemically scavenging oxygen from an aqueous medium comprising the addition of linear, water soluble polyethyleneamines, such as tetraethylenepentamine and triethylenetetramine, as the sole oxygen scavenger, to the desired aqueous medium. Suitable environments for use of these amines comprise boiler feedwater and boiler steam condensate systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 21, 1984
    Date of Patent: April 14, 1987
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventor: Nancy A. Feldman
  • Patent number: 4655935
    Abstract: Waste water from the preparation of salts of dithiocarbamic acid is detoxified by acidifying the waste water to promote hydrolytic decomposition of organosulfur compounds, passing an inert gas through the acidified water to aid in expelling decomposition gases thereby increasing the decomposition rate, and, optionally, adjusting the pH of the resulting solution toward neutral.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 21, 1985
    Date of Patent: April 7, 1987
    Assignee: Pennwalt Corporation
    Inventors: Jan A. Wijn, Peter Kool
  • Patent number: 4652678
    Abstract: An improved process for recovering usable components from waste streams containing urea, including a dilute aqueous urea solution, which result from the preparation of particulate urea products. The dilute aqueous urea solution is used to wash a urea containing waste gas stream whereby urea contained in the gas stream is dissolved in the aqueous urea solution. The aqueous urea solution thus obtained is then subjected to a hydrolysis treatment whereby the urea contained therein is hydrolyzed, and the ammonia and carbon dioxide thus formed are separated from the residual liquid stream.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 10, 1984
    Date of Patent: March 24, 1987
    Assignee: Stamicarbon B.V.
    Inventor: Adolphe M. Douwes
  • Patent number: 4626411
    Abstract: A composition containing a hydroxylamine compound; a quinone, a dihydroxybenzene, a diaminobenzene, or an aminohydroxybenzene compound; and a neutralizing amine is an excellent oxygen scavenger and corrosion inhibitor in boiler water and other aqueous systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 17, 1985
    Date of Patent: December 2, 1986
    Assignee: Dearborn Chemical Company, Limited
    Inventors: John J. Nemes, Harvey W. Thompson, John E. Waller
  • Patent number: 4609472
    Abstract: A process for removing chlorate ions from an impure alkali metal chloride brine removed from an electrolytic cell comprises acidifying the impure brine to a pH of less than about 2. The acidified brine is then reacted with a reducing portion of hydrazine hydrochloride.The novel process rapidly reduces the chlorate ions in the absence of the formation of chlorine and chlorine dioxide gases and with the production of nitrogen gas as a product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 29, 1985
    Date of Patent: September 2, 1986
    Assignee: Olin Corporation
    Inventors: Don E. Reynolds, James D. Kilby
  • Patent number: 4606830
    Abstract: Aqueous effluent liquors such as those derived from the ash-slagging of coal are treated to remove halide, e.g. chloride ions by heating the liquor to 400.degree. C. to 500.degree. C. and contacting the vapor with, for example, a fixed or fluidized bed of calcium carbonate maintained at the reaction temperature.During the heating, the temperature is increased at a rate of at least 50.degree. C. sec.sup.-1 over the range 100.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. The treated liquor may be used as a reactant in the ash-slagging gasification of coal.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 21, 1984
    Date of Patent: August 19, 1986
    Assignee: British Gas Corporation
    Inventors: Brian A. Cleaver, Alan F. Ivens
  • Patent number: 4597876
    Abstract: Disclosed is a regasifying pasteurization system and related methods using compressional waves. The system first degasifies the incoming liquid acoustically and under a static pressure below atmospheric pressure. The compressional waves used in degasification are preferably modulated to increase efficiency. The degassed liquid is then exposed to vaporous cavitation in a microorganism disintegrator wherein microorganisms are disintegrated and killed, preferably using frequency modulated compressional waves and vacuum pressures. The regassified pasteurization system also includes a regasification subsystem which injects gases back into the liquid. The gases are sometimes the same gases removed during the degasification step. The degasification and disintegration step form independent subsystems and combine to form a pasteurization subsystem all of which can be used independent of the regasification subsystem.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 11, 1983
    Date of Patent: July 1, 1986
    Assignee: Hallsonic Corporation
    Inventor: Mark N. Hall
  • Patent number: 4597877
    Abstract: When treating water with ozone, chlorine or similar reagents, the problem arises of introducing the gas as inexpensively as possible at the extraction point which is frequently located in a considerable depth of water--typically 30 to 59 meters. It is proposed that the gas be introduced into a bubble column downflow reactor (7) in the region close to the surface by means of a mixer and the gas bubbles forming there be passed against buoyancy through the reactor to the lower end of the riser (3) of the pump arrangement, where it is intimately mixed with the fresh water drawn in. After passing through a gas separator (8) and a pump, a part of the heated water is recycled to the mixer (8).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 30, 1985
    Date of Patent: July 1, 1986
    Assignee: BBC Brown, Boveri & Company, Ltd.
    Inventor: Franco Gaia
  • Patent number: 4591444
    Abstract: A process for fully removing from the perfluoropolyethers having a minimum vapor tension, the organic polluting matters containing group --OH and/or bonds ##STR1## consisting in treating the perfluoropolyether with oxygen, or chlorine or fluorine, at a high temperature and in the presence of ultraviolet radiations, in order to convert the impurities to volatile degradation products easily removable by degassing.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 13, 1985
    Date of Patent: May 27, 1986
    Assignee: Montedison S.p.A.
    Inventors: Gerardo Caporiccio, Ezio Strepparola
  • Patent number: 4574071
    Abstract: A process for removing dissolved oxygen from an aqueous medium, using hydrazine to react with the oxygen, where the aqueous medium is contacted with a catalyst bed of palladium or platinum metal dispersed on a solid carrier, at ambient temperatures. The catalyst bed effects reaction of the hydrazine with the dissolved oxygen to provide residual oxygen contents of below 10 ppb. Preferably, the hydrazine is intimately mixed with the aqueous medium prior to contact with the catalyst bed. The process is especially useful in removing dissolved oxygen from recirculating aqueous medium of a steam generation system, where the hydrazine-containing aqueous medium is contact with the catalyst bed after passage through the condenser pump but prior to the feedwater heaters.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 5, 1984
    Date of Patent: March 4, 1986
    Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp.
    Inventors: Sunil G. DeSilva, Charles W. Hearp
  • Patent number: 4565634
    Abstract: Water intended for injection into an oil reservoir is freed from oxygen by gravitating the water through a vacuum tower. Gases liberated from the water by the vacuum process are drawn off at the bottom of the respective stages of the tower. Liberated nitrogen at the top of each stage will then flow down through the tower in cocurrent flow with the water and thus act as an internal stripping gas reducing the partial pressure of oxygen in the gaseous phase. Gases and vapors drawn off from the bottom of each vacuum stage after the first stage are pressurized to the pressure of the preceeding stage and reinjected into that stage.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 30, 1983
    Date of Patent: January 21, 1986
    Assignee: Sintef
    Inventor: Aksel Lydersen
  • Patent number: 4559210
    Abstract: In a multi-stage washing process for the removal of ammonia from coking oven gas, a portion of waste water, produced during the separation of ammonia from ammonia-containing water in an ammonia still, is supplied to an ammonia water at the final stage of washing, at which ammonia is washed out from gas with ammonia-free water.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 15, 1984
    Date of Patent: December 17, 1985
    Assignee: Krupp Koppers GmbH
    Inventors: Peter Diemer, Hans J. Wohner
  • Patent number: 4557835
    Abstract: An improved process for removing oxygen from an aqueous medium used in a steam generating system, the aqueous medium having hydrazine added thereto, wherein hydrazine-containing aqueous medium condensate formed in a condenser is exposed to ultraviolet light in the condenser hotwell, prior to being recycled to the steam generator. The exposure to ultraviolet light is for a period of time sufficient to effect removal of the dissolved oxygen by the hydrazine without the need to add chemical additives or catalysts to the system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 14, 1985
    Date of Patent: December 10, 1985
    Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp.
    Inventor: Donald G. Lorentz
  • Patent number: 4551318
    Abstract: Stabilized solutions of hydroxylamine or its salts, containing anthocyans of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen, hydroxyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy and X is an anion of a strong mineral acid, and their preparation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 24, 1984
    Date of Patent: November 5, 1985
    Assignee: BASF Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Otto-Alfred Grosskinsky, Elmar Frommer, Josef Ritz, Erwin Thomas, Franz-Josef Weiss
  • Patent number: 4549968
    Abstract: Stable oxygen scavenger compositions adapted for storage without resulting in substantial sludge formation and oxygen scavenging methods of using the compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise hydroquinone, a compatible amine termed a mu-amine, and a member selected from the group consisting of isoascorbic acid and ascorbic acid and water soluble salt forms thereof. Methods comprise adding from about 0.05-200 ppm hydroquinone, 0.001-400 ppm mu-amine, and about 0.00025-500 ppm of isoascorbic or ascorbic acid to the desired aqueous medium.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 18, 1984
    Date of Patent: October 29, 1985
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventor: John A. Muccitelli
  • Patent number: 4541932
    Abstract: Compositions and methods for chemically scavenging oxygen from an aqueous medium are disclosed. Furfural catalyzed by hydroquinone can be used as an oxygen scavenger in any aqueous medium, but is especially well adapted for use in boiler water systems.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 9, 1984
    Date of Patent: September 17, 1985
    Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.
    Inventor: John A. Muccitelli