Abstract: Methods of degassing silicone hydrogel lens formulations are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A method and system of providing ultrapure water for semiconductor fabrication operations is provided. The ultrapure water is treated by utilizing a free radical scavenging system and a particulate removal system. The free radical scavenging system can utilize actinic radiation with a free radical precursor compound, such as ammonium persulfate. The particulate removal system can comprise one or more ultrafiltration apparatus. The ultrapure water may be further treated by utilizing ion exchange media and degasification apparatus. A control system can be utilized in feedforward or feedback mode to regulate addition of the precursor compound and the actinic radiation source, and to maintain a temperature of the ultrapure water product.

Abstract: A method for removal of foam from at least one foam accumulation region in a wastewater treatment facility, the method including causing the foam to flow from the at least one foam accumulation region into at least one foam collector and removing the foam from the at least one foam collector.

Abstract: Reversible switchable surfactants are provided. A surfactant is the salt of an amidine or guanidine having at least one R group that is a hydrophobic moiety selected from the group consisting of higher aliphatic moiety, higher siloxyl moiety, higher aliphatic/siloxyl moiety, aliphatic/aryl moiety, siloxyl/aryl moiety, and aliphatic/siloxyl/aryl moiety. The other R groups are smaller moieties such as H, C1 to C4 aliphatic or the like. The surfactant is turned on by a gas that liberates hydrogen ions, such as, for example, carbon dioxide, which liberates hydrogen ions in the presence of water. The surfactant is turned off by exposure to a flushing gas and/or heating. When “on” the surfactants are useful to stabilize emulsions, and when “off” they are useful to separate immiscible liquids or a liquid and a solid. The surfactants find uses in polymerization and in the oil industry.

Abstract: An air stripper in the form of an submerged gas evaporator or a submerged gas reactor that includes a vessel, a gas delivery tube partially disposed within the vessel to deliver a gas into the vessel and a contaminated liquid inlet that provides a contaminated liquid to the vessel at a rate sufficient to maintain a controlled constant level of process fluid within the vessel. A weir is disposed within the vessel adjacent the gas delivery tube to form a first fluid circulation path between a first weir end and a wall of the vessel and a second fluid circulation path between a second weir end and an upper end of the vessel. During operation, gas introduced through the tube mixes with the process fluid and the combined gas and fluid flow at a high rate with a high degree of turbulence along the first and second circulation paths defined around the weir, thereby promoting vigorous mixing and intimate contact between the gas and the process fluid.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for using a combination of sonication and ozone to decontaminate pressurized water. The process includes pumping polluted water from a source, such as a creek, river, pond or the like. The water is transferred to a treatment container where it is dissolved air is removed via vacuum, sonication, or both. Ozone is then dissolved into the water to destroy or otherwise remove pollutants. Dissolved gasses are once again then removed from the water. The treated water may then be piped to a storage tank for subsequent use. The uninterrupted sequential transfer of water from the source, through a treatment container and to the storage tank may be accomplished automatically by way of electronic sensors, valves and pumps that are made to communicate with a central processor control unit.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an absorbent for removing acid gases from fluids. The absorbent contains at least one tertiary amine, an amine which is selected from hydroxyethylpiperazine, bis(hydroxyethylpiperazine) or a mixture of these and piperazine. The absorbent may optionally contain a physical solvent for the acid gases.

Abstract: A method for treating a process water from a bitumen recovery process in order to obtain carbon dioxide from the process water, which method includes lowering the pH of the process water, thereby causing carbon dioxide to evolve from the process water as evolved carbon dioxide gas. The evolved carbon dioxide gas may be collected and compressed, and water vapour associated with the evolved carbon dioxide gas may be separated from the evolved carbon dioxide gas. After the carbon dioxide has been obtained from the process water, the process water and the water vapour separated from the evolved carbon dioxide gas may be recycled back to the bitumen recovery process. The evolved carbon dioxide gas may be stored for future use or sale. The method may also include heating the process water in order to reduce the solubility of carbon dioxide in the process water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an installation for treating liquids, especially for purifying contaminated water. Said method consists of the following steps: the raw water is pre-purified by adding a foam-forming reaction agent; the pre-purified water undergoes a main purification process by foaming the water with ionising radicals contained in the exhaust from the subsequent steps, in a known perforated cylinder washer, the foam formed is eliminated; the de-foamed water is ionised; and the impurities in the purified water are sedimented. The purified water is then additionally purified, the mud consisting of impurities from the pre-purification and the main purification process is physically separated, and the transformation of raw water into purified water is carried out continuously.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of determining chemical dosage required to reduce sulfides in wastewater includes providing a headspace apart from the wastewater. The temperature of the wastewater and the concentration of sulfide gas in the headspace are measured. Dissolved hydrogen sulfide gas concentrations in the wastewater are calculated from the temperature of the wastewater and the concentration of sulfide gas in said headspace. When pH is monitored, dissolved sulfide concentrations can be calculated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a crossflow-filtration method for beverages, in particular beer, which comprises the following steps: a) the feed liquid is introduced into a filter module by means of a tangential flow through a filter membrane (6) in a first direction, whereby the filtrate flow on the filtrate side (19) of the filter module is maintained within predetermined threshold values; b) the entry pressure is reduced and the filter is backflushed by surges of filtrate initiated by a reversal of the flow direction transversally to the membrane; c) the feed liquid is optionally introduced in an inverse flow direction to that of step a) and the concentrate is evacuated on the non-filtrate (7) side of the module; d) the entry pressure is reduced and the filter is backflushed by surges of filtrate initiated by a reversal of the flow direction transversally to the membrane; e) steps a) to d) are repeated until the filtrate flow lies below the lower predetermined threshold value; f) to k) the filter is emptied by a

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fast acting chemical treatment for preventing the generation of hydrogen sulfide odor by the microbial metabolic activities of sulfate reducing bacteria. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for preventing hydrogen sulfide odor generation in a sulfur species-containing aqueous medium, which includes adding to the aqueous medium an effective amount for the purpose of a sulfide scavenger treatment selected from the group consisting of glyoxal, triazine, n-chlorosuccinimide, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for decontaminating waters, especially groundwaters, which are heavily and complexly polluted with organic halogen compounds (HHC), in which process the contaminated waters are pre-treated in order to convert low-volatility HHC into more readily volatile components, the halogenated hydrocarbons are subsequently transferred from the aqueous phase to the gaseous phase where complete conversion into halogen-free compounds takes place at elevated temperature by means of catalytic reductive dehalogenation.

Abstract: This invention relates to an automated process to inhibit corrosion of the metal surface of an inactive boiler containing water.

Abstract: In a sewage treatment plant, dissolved ammonium is extracted from the waste-water stream, and is transferred to a body of secondary water. The secondary water is passed through an electrolysis station, where the ammonium is transformed to nitrogen gas. The capture and transfer can be done by ion-exchange, the electrolysis then being done on the regenerant water. Or the capture and transfer can be done by first transforming the dissolved ammonium to ammonia gas by raising the pH of the waste-water, then passing the ammonia gas through acidic secondary-water, in which the ammonia dissolves, the electrolysis then being done on the acid-water. The electrolysed, ammonium-diminished, secondary-water can be re-used in further capture/transfer episodes. The secondary-water does not mix with the waste-water stream.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for treating an effluent containing ammonia in which method and apparatus N2O concentration in the gas at the outlet of a catalyst tower does not rise to a high level even when the NH3 concentration in the effluent was reduced and the amount of hazardous substances formed is small; in the method and apparatus, an NH3-containing effluent A and a carrier gas (steam C and combustion gas F) are contacted in stripping tower 7 to transfer the NH3 from the NH3-containing effluent to a gas phase, the gas containing the generated NH3 is heated with pre-heater 19 and then contacted with catalyst layer 13 placed in catalyst tower 12 to decompose the NH3 into nitrogen and water; and at that time, the oxygen concentration in the gas to be introduced into catalyst tower 12 and the N2O concentration in the gas discharged from catalyst tower 12 are determined by measuring instruments 21 and 22, respectively, and the oxygen concentration in the gas to be introduced into catalyst tower 1

Abstract: A new class of sulfur scavenging or converting compositions is disclosed comprising diamine terminated, amine-aldehyde adducts, where the adducts are substantially bimolecular amine-aldehyde adducts and the composition is substantially free of trimer and/or triazines. Methods for making and using the new class of sulfur scavenging or converting composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for chlorine purification in which crude chlorine containing nitrogen and/or oxygen is purified to separate the nitrogen and oxygen from the chloride, characterized in that the crude chlorine containing nitrogen and/or oxygen is contacted with 1,2-dichloroethane to cause the 1,2-dichloroethane to absorb the chlorine contained in the crude chlorine, and a process for producing 1,2-dichloroethane which comprises reacting ethylene with the chlorine contained in the chlorine containing 1,2-dichloroethane.

Abstract: Oxygen scavenger which can exhibit excellent oxygen reduction effect in a wide variety of conditions is provided as an alternative volatile oxygen scavenger to hydrazine. The oxygen scavenger contains a heterocyclic compound having N-substituted amino group such as 1-amino-4-methylpiperazine and a hydroxylamine compound such as N,N-diethylhydroxylamine. The oxygen scavenger may further contain a polyhydric phenol type catalyst such as pyrogallol. By adding the oxygen scavenger to feed water of a water system of a boiler, oxygen reduction treatment of the water system is carried out.

Abstract: In order to reduce a total organic carbon (TOC) in ultrapure water to a level less than 1 ppb, several cycles of ozone contact/UV irradiation treatments are carried out in sequence. Preferably, the first cycle further includes an ion exchange treatment which is applied to the resulting UV irradiation water.

Abstract: A method of treatment of water in an aquatic environment. Water is first pumped from a reservoir to a first mixing station. An inert gas is introduced into the pumped water at the first mixing station to provide inert gas saturated water, which inert gas saturated water will displace undesired gasses in the water in the reservoir. The inert gas saturated water is then pumped to a sparging column such that the inert gas and undesired gasses will be released from the inert gas saturated water to provide depleted water. The depleted water is then pumped to a second mixing station, wherein oxygen is introduced into the depleted water to provide oxygen enriched water. The oxygen enriched water is then returned to reservoir.

Abstract: A method includes triggering an oxygen scavenger; and storing the scavenger in a container configured such that the oxygen scavenger exhibits no substantial oxygen scavenging activity while inside the container. The triggered oxygen scavenger can later be removed from the container, and used in packaging oxygen sensitive products. A stored oxygen scavenger, triggered, is also disclosed. A method of distributing an oxygen scavenger film includes providing a tubular film at a first location, the film having oxygen barrier and oxygen scavenger layers; triggering the oxygen scavenger; collapsing the film; rolling up the film; transporting the film to a second location; and triggering the oxygen scavenger. Another method of distributing an oxygen scavenger film includes providing an oxygen scavenger film at a first location; transporting the film to a second location; triggering the oxygen scavenger; storing the oxygen scavenger film in a container; and transporting the film to a third location.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating mixtures with ultrasonic energy. In one embodiment, the mixture can include a selected constituent and the method can include directing a continuous flow of the mixture into a treatment apparatus and altering a phase and/or a chemical composition of the selected constituent by exposing the mixture to ultrasonic energy while the mixture flows through the apparatus. The mixture can then be removed from the apparatus. In one aspect of this embodiment, the mixture can be under pressure while being exposed to the ultrasonic energy and the mixture can subsequently be exposed to a vacuum source to remove gas from the mixture. In another aspect of the invention, the ultrasonic energy can have a first frequency and the mixture can be exposed to ultrasonic energy of a second frequency different than the first frequency while in the apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device and method for desalinating saltwater which utilizes a heatable vessel wherein is placed a sufficient quantity of a salt which will absorb water of crystallisation and which has a dissolution index of not higher than 10?24. Saltwater is then added to the vessel and brought into contact with the salt, so that the salt will bind water from the saltwater and form a crystal hydrate. The excess saltwater with salt concentrate is drained from the vessel. The salt which has absorbed water tom the saltwater and formed a crystal hydrate is then heated in the vessel, and the pure water from the crystal hydrate is released as water vapour, which is collected and cooled to obtain desalinated water.

Abstract: A boiler water treatment chemical includes a heterocyclic compound with N-substituted amino group, or the salt thereof, and alkaline agent and/or water soluble polymer.

Abstract: A method of killing aquatic species in water includes containing the water with the aquatic species therein within a conduit; pressurizing the water; and transferring gas to the water to thereby supersaturate the water with dissolved gas such that &Dgr;P is greater than zero.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for separation of suspended solid particles from fluids, for separation and mixing of fluids, and for dissolving gases in aqueous fluids. The apparatus employs a grooved ring to divide the fluid stream and impart a high velocity on each of the divided or sub-streams. A grooved ring with any number of grooves that may be spiral in shape is used to create a high velocity circular motion on a divided stream for separation of suspended solid particles by centrifugal force in a cyclone filter and for saturation of liquid with gases in a fluid mixer where gases are introduced through a diffuser. A grooved ring with any number of grooves that may be radial is used in a fluid mixer to divide a stream of fluid, produce a high velocity flow through each groove, introduce a second fluid through an orifice into the first fluid flowing through each groove, and direct the fluid mixture to a center impact zone where the various streams collide to complete the mixing.

Abstract: A process for preparing trichloroacetic acid comprises the step of bringing functional water capable of partial oxidizing tetrachloroethylene under irradiation with light or aerated functional water gas which is produced by aerating the above functional water and has a capability similar to that of the above functional water into contact with tetrachloroethylene under irradiation with light. And an apparatus for preparing trichloroacetic acid comprises a closable container as a means for bringing functional water capable of partial oxidizing tetrachloroethylene under irradiation with light or aerated functional water gas which is produced by aerating the above functional water and has a capability similar to that of the above functional water into contact with tetrachloroethylene, and means for irradiating the above contact mixture with light.

Abstract: A device for treating a liquid effluent such as pig slurry containing significant quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus, the device including a mixing reactor for contacting the liquid effluent with the basic reagent, provided with an intake for said effluent and another intake for the basic reagent; an ammonia-extracting reactor, connected to the mixing reactor, and a tank for storing the treated liquid effluent derived from the ammonia-extracting reactor.

Abstract: A propylene oxide/styrene monomer aqueous purge stream is contacted with a catalyst at conditions effective to decompose peroxides contained therein, and oxygen formed by the decomposition swept from the decomposition with a nitrogen vapor stream from ethylbenzene oxidation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the removal of hydrogen peroxide from spent pickle liquor used in a steel strip pickling process. The process utilizes an enclosed decomposition tank which includes a pickle liquor inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, at least one vent pipe, an internal baffle, and a heat source.

Abstract: The claims are drawn to a method of detecting seal breakage or incomplete seal formation in a package, said method comprising the steps of: (i) providing said package, prior to sealing, with a strip or ring of an indicator comprising an oxygen scavenging composition which includes a source of labile hydrogen or electrons and at least one reducible organic compound, wherein said strip or ring is located on an internal surface adjacent to where a seal is to be formed, (ii) treating the strip or ring with electromagnetic energy so as to reduce the reducible organic compound to a reduced form which is oxidizable by ground state molecular oxygen regardless of the presence of a transition metal catalyst and such that, when oxidized, there is a detectable change in a characteristic of said composition selected from the group consisting of: colour, fluorescence emission and UV-visible, infrared or near-infrared absorption, (iii) subjecting said package to a sealing process intended to seal the package, and (iv) detec

Abstract: A method of treating an electroless plating waste is provided. The waste is contained and an ability of a reducing agent to reduce a metal of the waste is decreased, for example by adding a stabilizing chemical or by exposing the waste to an anode to which a positive voltage is applied. Poisonous and explosive gases evolve from the waste, which are vented. Upon completion, the waste is drained.

Abstract: System and apparatus to accelerate solution of gas into liquid. The system includes an aspirating injector to bring the gas into the pressurized system, a collider, a reactor, and an optional gas/liquid separator. The collider and reactor provide for prompt renewal of the interface in the bubble with the liquid as the consequence of abrupt changes of direction of flow.

Abstract: A method for treating a waste stream, the method including the steps of providing a waste stream that includes waste solids suspended in water, feeding the waste stream to the top of a hydraulic downdraft column, conducting the waste stream to the bottom of the hydraulic downdraft column, conducting the waste steam to a first reaction zone, introducing nitrogen-containing oxides into the first reaction zone so that the waste stream is contacted with the nitrogen-containing oxides, conducting the waste stream up a hydraulic updraft column into a second reaction zone, where the second reaction zone is configured to provide sufficient time so that a reaction between the nitrogen-containing oxides and waste solids can take place and substantially consume the nitrogen-containing oxides, introducing oxygen gas into the waste steam after the nitrogen-containing oxides are substantially consumed, thereby providing a second reactant that reacts with waste solids suspended within the stream, conducting the stream to th

Abstract: A system and method for treating feedstocks containing solids, sludges or slurries that contain organics includes introducing the feedstock into a desorption chamber. In the desorption chamber, the temperature and pressure of the feedstock are elevated to volatilize a portion of the feedstock and thereby separate the feedstock into a volatile portion containing organics and a residue portion. Steam, water or oxidants can be injected into the desorption chamber to aid in the volatilization process. From the desorption chamber, the volatile portion of the feedstock is transferred to a reactor for hydrothermal treatment to oxidize or reform the organics in the volatile portion. In the hydrothermal reactor, the volatile portion may be reacted with excess oxidant and auxiliary fuel at a temperature between approximately 1000° F. and approximately 1800° F. and a pressure of between approximately 20 atmospheres and approximately 200 atmospheres.

Abstract: A method of treatment of water in an aquatic environment. Water is first pumped from a reservoir to a first mixing station. An inert gas is introduced into the pumped water at the first mixing station to provide inert gas saturated water, which inert gas saturated water will displace undesired gasses in the water in the reservoir. The inert gas saturated water is then pumped to a sparging column such that the inert gas and undesired gasses will be released from the inert gas saturated water to provide depleted water. The depleted water is then pumped to a second mixing station, wherein oxygen is introduced into the depleted water to provide oxygen enriched water. The oxygen enriched water is then returned to reservoir.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating water, especially waste water and drinking water, containing both pathogenic germs and a substance which is difficult to decompose and is from the group comprising persistent substances, endocrine substances, odorous substances, and dyestuffs, by means of ozone supply and UV radiation. The inventive method comprises the following steps: a) ozone is supplied in a concentration of between 0.1 g/m3 and 15 g/m3; and b) UV rays are radiated in a wavelength range of between 200 nm and 300 nm and in a dose of between 50 J/m2 and 2,000 J/m2.

Abstract: A propylene oxide/styrene monomer aqueous purge stream is contacted with a catalyst at conditions effective to decompose peroxides contained therein, and oxygen formed by the decomposition swept from the decomposition with a nitrogen vapor stream from ethylbenzene oxidation.

Abstract: Various methods and apparatus for maximizing the efficiency of hydrate-based desalination or other water purification in open-water or partially open-water installations are disclosed. In one embodiment, water is accessed from depth where the ambient temperature is as cold as possible, which depth is other than the maximum depth of the hydrate fractionation column used in the process. The accessed water preferably is brought to reduced pressures so that gases other than hydrate-forming gases that are dissolved in the water to be treated are exsolved. Using pre-pressurized sources of hydrate-forming substances, including deep-sea natural gas deposits or supplies of liquified natural gas being transported by sea, are also disclosed. A multiple column, detachable column fractionation installation is disclosed, as is a hybrid installation having an underwater hydrate formation portion and a land-based dissociation and heat-exchange section.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions, which are useful in removing dissolved oxygen from a fluid stream, preferably an aqueous stream. The compositions comprise blend of an oxime and a primary hydroxylamine. This invention also relates to a process for removing oxygen from an aqueous system, which comprises adding an oxime and a primary hydroxylamine to a fluid system.

Abstract: A method is provided for fixing and eliminating fluorine and phosphorus in waste water wherein the waste water includes a fluorophosphate compound in which hydrochloric acid is added to the waste water including the fluorophosphate compound. The waste water to which hydrochloric acid has been added is heated in order to decompose the fluorophosphate compound into hydrogen fluoride and phosphoric acid, while hydrogen chloride gas located within a treating vessel in which the waste water is contained is introduced into a condenser provided outside of the treating vessel, and then a calcium salt is added to the waste water after decomposition in order to fix and eliminate fluorine and phosphorus.

Abstract: Formation of bubbles is prevented during filtration operation by placing an oil on top of a solution-to-be filtered, where the oil is not admixable with the solution and has a lower specific gravity than the solution. The oil seals the solution from air so that no bubbles are formed. The oil does not pass through the filter even after all collectable filtrate of the solution has passed therethrough.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating a wastewater comprising an ammonium ion species and a phosphorus ion species. The process comprises the steps of: (i) treating the effluent in a first stage of the process to convert the phosphorus to a phosphorus-containing salt; (ii) treating the wastewater in a second stage of the process to convert the ammonium ion species to gaseous ammonia; (iii) removing the struvite and/or other phosphorous containing salts from the effluent; and (iv) removing the gaseous ammonia from the wastewater.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a method of and system for continuously processing liquid material by which enzymes in the liquid material are inactivated and the liquid material is sterilized effectively. In one example of the system according to the present invention, a liquid material is introduced into a processing chamber 11 from an introduction port at the bottom, and liquefied carbon dioxide formed into micro-particles by a filter 16 is also introduced in the chamber 11. The micro-particles of liquefied carbon dioxide dissolves into the liquid material efficiently. The liquid material taken out from a take-out port 18 is introduced into a warming pipe 20 kept at such a preset temperature and pressure where the carbon dioxide turns to a supercritical fluid. After that, the liquid material is introduced through a pressure control valve 24 into a pressure-reducing chamber 24. The carbon dioxide rapidly changes from supercritical fluid to gas, and vaporizes from the liquid material.

Abstract: Disclosed are waste processing systems capable of being used on-board a transport such as a train, bus, airplane, boat, or other similar vehicles. The liquid waste is evaporated and condensed primarily as water vapor. The resulting liquid may be safely discharged in most places without adverse environmental and health effects. If desired, the liquid can be stored and reused for non-potable applications such as toilet flushing. The solid waste is converted to inert ash or carbon and may be either stored in a filter or discharged as carbon or ash into the water, air, or onto the railroad tracks. The system may also be used in stationary or semi-stationary applications where on-site treatment of waste may be desired.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved falling strand devolatilizer apparatus and method for devolatilization of viscous solutions to yield viscous liquids with lower content of volatile solvents, unreacted components, and reaction byproducts. The novel apparatus utilizes a devolatilization system comprised of a single vessel with two or more liquid compartments or zones, a recirculation loop, and one or more manifold and stranding distributor assemblies to divide the viscous liquid stream into a plurality of strands for effective devolatilization. A stranded stream of solution is dropped through a first zone of the chamber and collected at the bottom, the stream is recirculated, and then dropped through a second zone of the vessel and separately collected. Devolatilization is accomplished by stranding thi falling streams to optimum parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wastewater treatment plant. The wastewater treatment plant comprises an aeration tank for storing wastewater; a reaction tank disposed inside the aeration tank, the wastewater being purified while circulating inside the reaction tank and being supplied with oxygen; an air intake tube for introducing air into the reaction tank; a dispersion member for dispersing the air introduced through the air intake tube to the wastewater to generate bubbles; and a blade assembly disposed inside the reaction tank for having the bubbles dispersed by the dispersion member come into collision with each other, prolonging a staying time of the bubbles to increase the dissolved oxygen, and directing the bubbles in a predetermined direction to lead the wastewater to agitate.

Abstract: An oxygen scavenger, containing a heterocyclic compound having a N-substituted amino group as an effective component, can adequately exhibit the oxygen scavenging effect in not only feed water lines for high temperature water, a boiler, and steam and condensate return lines, but also feed water lines for low temperature water. The oxygen scavenger contains: a heterocyclic compound having a N-substituted amino group or a salt thereof; a hydroxybenzene derivative and/or a naphthoquinone derivative; and neutral amine.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions, which are useful in removing dissolved oxygen from a fluid stream, preferably an aqueous stream. The compositions comprise blend of an oxime and a primary hydroxylamine. This invention also relates to a process for removing oxygen from an aqueous system, which comprises adding an oxime and a primary hydroxylamine to a fluid system.