Abstract: Aluminum alloy workpieces and/or magnesium alloy workpieces are joined in a solid state weld by use of a reactive material placed, in a suitable form, at the joining surfaces. Joining surfaces of the workpieces are pressed against the interposed reactive material and heated. The reactive material alloys or reacts with the workpiece surfaces consuming some of the surface material in forming a reaction product comprising a low melting liquid that removes oxide films and other surface impediments to a welded bond across the interface. Further pressure is applied to expel the reaction product and to join the workpiece surfaces in a solid state weld bond.

Abstract: A system of forming a bimetal medical device from dissimilar metal components includes a first metal component, a second metal component, a retaining device, a compression mechanism, and an energy source. A method of forming the bimetal medical device with the system includes applying a first pulse of laser energy to a joint formed between the first and second metal components retained by the retaining device and compressing the first and second metal components together with the compression mechanism to form a welded region.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for fastening dissimilar metals like steel and aluminum utilizes a spot welding machine. The metals are stacked with an aluminum body captured between steels. Heat from the welder's electric current softens the lower melting point aluminum allowing an indentation of the steel layer to penetrate the aluminum and weld to an opposing steel layer. The process may be used to join stacks with several layers of different materials and for joining different structural shapes.

Abstract: A process is provided for seam welding advanced high strength steel sheets together. Respective end portions of first and second advanced high strength steel sheets are placed in overlapping contact with one another, and subjected to first and second weld passes. In the first weld pass, a seam welder including weld electrodes operate at a first-pass applied current and a first-pass pressure and are moved relative to the overlapping end portions at a first-pass carriage speed to establish a weld seam containing a weld nugget with a martensite phase. In the second weld pass, the weld electrodes operate at a second-pass applied current and a second-pass pressure and move relative to the weld seam at a second-pass carriage speed selected to fuse microcracks, lap openings, and porosity in the seam, relieve the residual stress in the joint, and temper the martensite phase of the weld nugget, and thereby form a weld joint.

Abstract: The invention is directed at a method for welding a composite material and to welded structures thus prepared. The method includes a step of contacting a substrate material with a composite material, wherein the composite material includes a pair of spaced apart steel sheets and a core layer between the sheets; the volume of the core layer is about 25 volume % or more, based on the total volume of the composite material; the core layer includes a plurality of steel fibers arranged in one or more masses of fibers that extend the thickness of the core layer so that the core layer is in electrical communication with the steel sheets; and the steel fibers have a cross sectional area perpendicular to the length of the fibers from about 1×10?5 mm2 to about 2.5×10?2 mm2.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a thermoelectric device includes a plurality of thermoelectric elements that each include a diffusion barrier. The diffusion barrier includes a refractory metal. The thermoelectric device also includes a plurality of conductors coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric elements. The plurality of conductors include aluminum. In addition, the thermoelectric device includes at least one plate coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric elements using a braze. The braze includes aluminum.

Abstract: An intravascular guide wire having two core materials joined together without the use of a connector tube or sleeve, the core materials being stainless steel and psuedoelastic metal alloy, nitinol. The core materials are joined to each other through an intermediate transition piece made essentially of nickel, which is welded on either side to the two core materials. In a multi-segment intravascular guide wire, discrete, high modulus and medium modulus core portions of different materials are welded to a shapeable, low modulus distal core portion made of a third material having a flattened, shapeable section at a most distal end that is not welded to but made from the distal core portion, so the flattened, shapeable section can be deformed to create a steerable tip. Processes such as simultaneous resistance and friction welding can be used to join the core portions.

Abstract: A direct welding process for joining a current collector to a terminal pin in the construction of electrochemical cells is described. The resistance welding process utilizes increased current combined with an applied force to bond dissimilar metals with a melting temperature differential of preferably more than 500° C. Preferably, the method is used to bond the terminal pin to the cathode current collector. This method of attachment is suitable for either primary or secondary cells, particularly those powering implantable biomedical devices.

Abstract: The invention is directed at a method for welding a composite material and to welded structures thus prepared. The method includes a step of contacting a substrate material with a composite material, wherein the composite material includes a pair of spaced apart steel sheets and a core layer between the sheets; the volume of the core layer is about 25 volume % or more, based on the total volume of the composite material; the core layer includes a plurality of steel fibers arranged in one or more masses of fibers that extend the thickness of the core layer so that the core layer is in electrical communication with the steel sheets; and the steel fibers have a cross sectional area perpendicular to the length of the fibers from about 1×10?5 mm2 to about 2.5×10?2 mm2.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for manufacturing an orthopedic prosthesis by resistance welding a porous metal layer of the orthopedic prosthesis onto an underlying metal substrate of the orthopedic prosthesis. The resistance welding process involves directing an electrical current through the porous layer and the substrate, which dissipates as heat to cause softening and/or melting of the materials, especially along the interface between the porous layer and the substrate. The softened and/or melted materials undergo metallurgical bonding at points of contact between the porous layer and the substrate to fixedly secure the porous layer onto the substrate.

Abstract: An integrated member can comprise different members each formed of materials having different mechanical characteristics. A method for manufacturing such an integrated member can comprise an electric resistance welding step in which the first member is press-fit into the second member and the press-fit portion can be electrically energized to achieve the electric resistance welding so as to integrate the first member and the second member. The method can further comprise a carburized layer forming step in which carburizing-quenching and tempering, or carbonitriding-quenching and tempering, is performed on the integrated member obtained in the electric resistance welding step to form carburized layers therein in accordance with the mechanical characteristics of the first member and the second member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bonding method for dissimilar materials made from metals and its resulting structures. The materials to be bonded are formed by layering three or more sheets such that a dissimilar material interface and a same material interface are formed. A first current is conducted between a three-sheet layered plate material wherein an aluminum alloy plate, a zinc plated steel plate and a bare steel plate, for example, are layered in order. A nugget is formed in an interface between the zinc plated steel plate and the bare steel plate, which are the same materials. Then, a second current greater than the first current is conducted, and a nugget is formed in an interface between the aluminum alloy plate and the zinc plated steel plate.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided including: at least one first sheet comprising a first material; at least one second sheet comprising a second material, wherein the first material comprises at least one of: a thermal conductivity and an electrical conductivity that is at least 10% lower than that of the second material; and a joint comprising at least one resistance spot weld (RSW), wherein the first sheet is at least about 1.5 times the thickness of the second sheet. Methods are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is an electrode (1) which has a double structure including Cu or a Cu alloy as an electrode body (2) and a core material (3) made of W, Mo, a W-based alloy, or a Mo-based alloy embedded in a surface of the electrode body (2) which is abutted against a material to be welded, the core material (3) being formed by using W, Mo, the W-based alloy, or the Mo-based alloy which is in the form of a fibrous structure extended by sintering, swaging, and annealing in an electrode axis direction, the fibrous structure having a horizontal cross-sectional average particle diameter of 50 ?m or more and an aspect ratio of 1.5 or more. The electrode (1) can be used as an inexpensive electrode obtained by suppressing particle dropping/attrition and defects in electrodes for spot welding, in which heat and pressure are applied repeatedly, stably enhancing durability.

Abstract: Superalloy components are joined by mating a recess formed in one component with a corresponding projection formed in another component along a contact surface. The components are compressed along the contact surface and resistance heat welded to each other. Current is passed between the components at a selected flow rate and application time until localized melting occurs along the contact surface, and they are mutually affixed to each other. When repairing a damaged surface portion of a superalloy material component, the damaged portion is removed to form an excavated recess. A repair splice is formed, preferably of a same material with similar mechanical structural properties, having a mating projection with profile conforming to the corresponding recess profile. The splice and substrate are resistance heat welded under compression pressure until localized melting occurs along the contact surface, so that they are mutually affixed.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a thermoelectric device includes a plurality of thermoelectric elements that each include a diffusion barrier. The diffusion barrier includes a refractory metal. The thermoelectric device also includes a plurality of conductors coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric elements. The plurality of conductors include aluminum. In addition, the thermoelectric device includes at least one plate coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric elements using a braze. The braze includes aluminum.

Abstract: An apparatus for coating a work piece includes a process chamber, a coating material supply apparatus located at least partially within the process chamber for delivering a coating material to the work piece, a pre-heater assembly adjoining the process chamber, and a support for holding the work piece. The pre-heater assembly includes a housing that opens to the process chamber, a thermal hood positioned within the housing and configured to reflect thermal energy for reflecting thermal energy toward the work piece. The support is movable to selectively move the work piece between a first position within the housing of the pre-heater assembly and a second position within the process chamber and outside the housing of the pre-heater assembly.

Abstract: A substrate heating apparatus configured to be coupled to a processing system and radiatively heat a substrate is described. The substrate heating apparatus includes a radiative heat source coupled to a processing system and configured to produce electromagnetic (EM) radiation, a translucent object positioned between the radiative heat source and the substrate along a the EM radiation path, and an opaque object also positioned between the radiative heat source and the substrate along the EM radiation path. The translucent object includes at least one textured surface to cause random refraction of the EM radiation passing through the translucent object, or an optical waveguide configured to encapsulate the opaque object and direct the EM radiation around the opaque object, or both, to prevent creation of a shadow of the opaque object on the substrate.

Abstract: A cladding material for a lead capable of inhibiting foreign matter from remaining on a surface can be obtained. The cladding material (1) is a cladding material for a lead welded to a terminal (21, 22) of a battery (2) and comprises a first Ni layer (11) arranged on a side welded to the terminal of said battery, a second Ni layer (12) arranged on a side opposite to said welded side and an Fe layer (10) arranged to be held between said first Ni layer and said second Ni layer. The thickness of the first Ni layer is at least 2.1% and not more than 8.2% of the thickness of said cladding material consisting of the first Ni layer, the second Ni layer and the Fe layer.

Abstract: A seam welding apparatus and a seam welding method perform a seaming process on workpieces of various shapes having flange sections, by preventing a welding track formed by upper and lower rotary electrodes from becoming displaced from a welding reference line established on the flange section. The seam welding apparatus includes two rotary electrodes for gripping the flange section therebetween while seam-welding the flange section, a support for synchronizing movements of the two rotary electrodes with each other in a widthwise direction of the flange section, a turning mechanism for pressing at least one of the two rotary electrodes toward the workpiece body, a roller that abuts against an end face of the flange section, and roller adjusting means for positionally adjusting the roller.

Abstract: An automatic soldering machine includes a frame assembly, an electric iron and a movable module fixed on the frame assembly. The movable module is used for making the electric iron connected with the movable module randomly move to a specified position at a predetermined area. The movable module includes a first driving unit having a first leading element movable along a first axis, a second driving unit having a second leading element movable along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis, a third driving unit having a third leading element movable along a third axis perpendicular to the first and second axis and a rotating unit capable of rotating around an axis thereof. The third driving unit is connected with the first leading element. The second driving unit is connected with the third leading element. The rotating unit is connected with the second leading element.

Abstract: Provided is a spot welded joint (10) which includes at least one thin steel plate with a tensile strength of 750 MPa to 1850 MPa and a carbon equivalent Ceq of equal to or more than 0.22 mass % to 0.55 mass % and in which a nugget (3) is formed in an interface of the thin steel plates (1A, 1B). In a nugget outer layer zone, a microstructure consists of a dendrite structure in which an average value of arm intervals is equal to or less than 12 ?m, an average grain diameter of carbides contained in the microstructure is 5 nm to 100 nm, and a number density of carbides is equal to or more than 2×106/mm2.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for manufacturing an orthopedic prosthesis by resistance welding a porous metal layer of the orthopedic prosthesis onto an underlying metal substrate of the orthopedic prosthesis. The resistance welding process involves directing an electrical current through the porous layer and the substrate, which dissipates as heat to cause softening and/or melting of the materials, especially along the interface between the porous layer and the substrate. The softened and/or melted materials undergo metallurgical bonding at points of contact between the porous layer and the substrate to fixedly secure the porous layer onto the substrate.

Abstract: A process for joining a carbon steel part and a silicon carbide ceramic part, comprising steps of: providing a carbon steel part, a SiC ceramic part, and a Ni foil; bringing surfaces of the carbon steel part, SiC ceramic part, and Ni foil into contact, with the Ni foil inserted between the carbon steel part and SiC ceramic part; applying a pulsed electric current to the parts to be joined, heating the parts to a joining temperature of about 800-1100° C., and simultaneously applying a joining pressure of about 20-60 MPa to the parts while the current is applied, and maintaining the joining temperature and the joining pressure for about 10-30 minutes.

Abstract: A structural component is provided comprising a base member comprising at least two sidewalls and a space therebetween, the base member having a predetermined curvilinear configuration formed using hot stretch forming. The structural component comprises at least one reinforcing member linear friction welded to the at least two sidewalls so that the reinforcing member is positioned at least partially within the space between the at least two sidewalls.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing a spark plug comprising an inner conductor, an insulator enclosing the inner conductor, a spark plug body enclosing the insulator, and two electrodes, the first electrode being a center electrode connected to the inner conductor in an electrically conductive manner, and the second electrode being a ground electrode connected to the spark plug body in an electrically conductive manner, with a separately prefabricated precious metal component positioned on one of the electrodes and connected to the electrode by way of resistance welding, and subsequently affixed by way of laser or electron beam welding, so that the precious metal component extends like a heel beyond the electrode surface next to the precious metal component. The precious metal component, a ball, is shaped by stamping after resistance welding and before laser or electron beam welding, wherein at least one region of the ball protruding from the electrode surface (is reshaped.

Abstract: A process for joining a carbon steel part and a zirconia ceramic part, comprising steps of: providing a metal part made of carbon steel, a ceramic part made of zirconia ceramic, and a titanium foil; bringing the metal part, ceramic part, and titanium foil into contact, with the titanium foil inserted between the metal part and ceramic part; applying a joining pressure of about 10˜50 MPa to the parts to be joined; and simultaneously applying a pulse electric current to the parts while the joining pressure is applied for heating up the parts to a joining temperature of about 800° C. to about 1100° C. at a rate of about 50˜600° C./min, maintaining the joining temperature for about 10˜50 minutes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bonding method for dissimilar materials made from metals and its resulting structures. The materials to be bonded are formed by layering three or more sheets such that a dissimilar material interface and a same material interface are formed. A first current is conducted between a three-sheet layered plate material wherein an aluminum alloy plate, a zinc plated steel plate and a bare steel plate, for example, are layered in order. A nugget is formed in an interface between the zinc plated steel plate and the bare steel plate, which are the same materials. Then, a second current greater than the first current is conducted, and a nugget is formed in an interface between the aluminum alloy plate and the zinc plated steel plate.

Abstract: The invention is directed at a method for welding a composite material and to welded structures thus prepared. The method includes a step of contacting a substrate material with a composite material, wherein the composite material includes a pair of spaced apart steel sheets and a core layer between the sheets; the volume of the core layer is about 25 volume % or more, based on the total volume of the composite material; the core layer includes a plurality of steel fibers arranged in one or more masses of fibers that extend the thickness of the core layer so that the core layer is in electrical communication with the steel sheets; and the steel fibers have a cross sectional area perpendicular to the length of the fibers from about 1×10?5 mm2 to about 2.5×10?2 mm2.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a joining method for dissimilar metals which are magnesium alloy and steel and difficult to be metallurgically directly joined to each other while oxide film is present at a joining surface. [Solving Means] In order to join magnesium alloy material 1 and steel plate 2 to each other, a galvanized steel plate to which Zn—Al—Mg alloy plating (a third material) is applied is used as the steel plate 2. When joining is made, ternary eutectic melting of Al—Mg—Zn is caused, so that it is discharged together with oxide film 1f and impurities from the joining interface while Al—Mg intermetallic compound such as Al3Mg2 and Fe—Al intermetallic compound such as FeAl3 are formed, thereby joining the newly generated surfaces of the magnesium alloy material 1 and the steel plate 2 to each other through a compound layer 3 containing these intermetallic compounds.

Abstract: There is provided a method for joining an iron member and an aluminum member, the iron member including a plated layer at least on a joining side with the aluminum member; the aluminum member formed of an aluminum cladding material including an aluminum core material mainly formed of aluminum and an aluminum alloy layer with a melting point lower than that of the aluminum core material, cladded on a joining side with the iron member; the method including a step of stacking the iron member and the aluminum member, and a step of joining the iron member and the aluminum member.

Abstract: The invention provides a welding method by resistance welding capable of adequately increasing a welding strength between two conductive terminals each made of copper, and a conductive terminal structure obtained by the method. A first conductive terminal made of a tinned flat copper plate is molded such that a step portion is formed at a position spaced away from a tip end position of the first conductive terminal and a projection is formed at a tip end portion ranging from the tip end position to the step portion. A second conductive terminal made of the aforementioned copper plate and the first conductive terminal are molded such that a weld surface of the second conductive terminal has a size to cover an entire weld surface of the projection of the first conductive terminal. Simultaneously, the respective conductive terminals are molded such that the tip end portion of the first conductive terminal becomes substantially equal in sectional area to a weld portion of the second conductive terminal.

Abstract: A welding assembly including a current generator, a first electrode electrically coupled to the current generator, the first electrode including a first engagement surface, and a second electrode electrically coupled to the current generator, the second electrode including a second engagement surface and defining a recess in the second engagement surface.

Abstract: Aluminum alloy workpieces and/or magnesium alloy workpieces are joined in a solid state weld by use of a reactive material placed, in a suitable form, at the joining surfaces. Joining surfaces of the workpieces are pressed against the interposed reactive material and heated. The reactive material alloys or reacts with the workpiece surfaces consuming some of the surface material in forming a reaction product comprising a low melting liquid that removes oxide films and other surface impediments to a welded bond across the interface. Further pressure is applied to expel the reaction product and to join the workpiece surfaces in a solid state weld bond.

Abstract: Devices and methods of welding dissimilar materials are contemplated in which an adaptor is used in an intermediate position between the dissimilar materials. Most preferred adaptors are manufactured by friction stir welding from two dissimilar materials that are identical or similar to the dissimilar materials to be welded together. Therefore, coupling of dissimilar materials in the field via the adaptors is greatly simplified as conventional welding methods can now be employed.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and structures for joining metallic members. A welding material can be used between two metallic members that comprise different metals. The different metals can normally form brittle intermetallic compounds when welded to one another, and the welding material can inhibit the formation of the brittle intermetallic compounds.

Abstract: A metal plate and an electrode in a polymer lithium ion secondary battery or the like are welded certainly, and it is accomplished to further improve the reliability and the durability thereof. Each of an upper metal plate (7a) and a lower metal plate (9a) on the positive pole/terminal is welded to a pole/terminal of positive electrode (3) so that the pole/terminal of positive electrode (3) may be sandwiched from each of the upper and lower sides. Moreover, each of an upper metal plate (7b) and a lower metal plate (9b) on the negative pole/terminal is welded to a pole/terminal of negative electrode (5) so that the pole/terminal of negative electrode (5) may be sandwiched from each of the upper and lower sides. This eliminates occurrence of poor welding in the electric resistance welding.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of welding aluminum sheets, including: supplying aluminum sheets overlapping each other between an upper electrode and a lower electrode; supplying thin metal sheets plated on both sides thereof with nickel (Ni) between the upper electrode and an upper aluminum sheet and between the lower electrode and a lower aluminum sheet, respectively; and supplying power to the upper and lower electrodes and then welding the aluminum sheets.

Abstract: In a bonding apparatus for bonding under pressure a pressure-bonding portion, the concentration of water in a pressure-bonding portion atmosphere inside the apparatus is set smaller than that in an atmosphere outside the apparatus, thereby enabling pressure bonding under low-temperature and low-pressure conditions. In this case, the amount of adsorbed water on each surface of a bonding metal terminal and a to-be-bonded metal terminal forming the pressure-bonding portion is set to 1×1016 molecules/cm2 or less.

Abstract: A metal plate and an electrode in a polymer lithium ion secondary battery or the like are welded certainly, and it is accomplished to further improve the reliability and the durability thereof. Each of an upper metal plate (7a) and a lower metal plate (9a) on the positive pole/terminal is welded to a pole/terminal of positive electrode (3) so that the pole/terminal of positive electrode (3) may be sandwiched from each of the upper and lower sides. Moreover, each of an upper metal plate (7b) and a lower metal plate (9b) on the negative pole/terminal is welded to a pole/terminal of negative electrode (5) so that the pole/terminal of negative electrode (5) may be sandwiched from each of the upper and lower sides. This eliminates occurrence of poor welding in the electric resistance welding.

Abstract: The invention relates to a woven laminate which is used, preferably, as a covering for sound absorption of input and output sound absorbers in an auxiliary gas turbine (APU) of an aircraft, in particular, an aeroplane. Said woven laminate comprises at least three superimposed and at least partially soldered together woven layers. One of said layers comprises a relatively large structure in relation to the others, another layer has a fine structure and the remaining woven layer has a structure which is between the large and the fine structure. Said woven layers comprises metallic wires which are wound together or twisted in a non-woven manner.

Abstract: A system for and method of producing invisible welds for a plurality of workpieces, includes the steps of selecting a free-body projection, fixedly securing the projection intermediate the workpieces, and engaging the workpieces with a resistance welding apparatus such that the projection fuses to form the weld joint, and preferably, further includes autonomously securing the projection and an encircling portion of an adhesive tape intermediate the workpieces utilizing a roll dispenser, so as further cause to form an adhesive seal around the weld, and engaging the workpieces with modified electrodes having enlarged workpiece engaging faces over optimized weld force only application and weld force plus electric current application periods.

Abstract: A sheet metal assembly includes first and second resistance weldable metal sheets having flanges extending from the sheets. The flanges overlap in parallel for a dimension. A resistance weldable metal shim is disposed between the flanges and extends to the outer edges thereof. A weld joins the metal sheets through the shim. The shim increases the mechanical strength of the assembly. The increase in mechanical strength from the shim allows for reductions to the flange width. As a result, a lighter assembly of equivalent strength is produced.

Abstract: A joining portion of a polymeric component, such as a vehicle door panel, may be welded (for example, a spot weld) to a metal component, such as a mating vehicle panel, using a molded-in-place metallic welding insert. The welding insert is shaped to provide welding surfaces at both surfaces of the joining portion of the plastic component and to conduct a welding current between the surfaces. When the workpieces are assembled for welding, opposing spot welding electrodes bear against the outer surfaces of the metal part and the metal insert in the plastic part. A spot welding operation produces a weld nugget between the facing surface of the metal part and the metal insert anchored in the plastic part. Continuous seam welds or a series of stitch seam welds may be made using suitably shaped welding inserts.

Abstract: A joined part of an aluminum-coated steel sheet and an aluminum sheet is composed of an intermetallic compound layer which exists in a region in which a part of a coated layer exists before the joining and an aluminum melted and solidified part which also exists on the side of the aluminum sheet to enclose the intermetallic compound layer. The atoms existing on the surface of the aluminum melted and solidified part are intermetallic-bonded with atoms which exist on the surface of the steel sheet except in the region in which the intermetallic compound layer exists seen in the plan view. Further, the area of the intermetallic compound layer is limited to 60% or less of the total area of the joined part at the interface between the aluminum-coated steel sheet and the aluminum sheet. Thus, the area of the aluminum melted and solidified part exceeds 40% of the total area of the joined part. The strong joining having a high fracture energy can be provided at a high efficiency.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bonding method for dissimilar materials made from metals and its resulting structures. The materials to be bonded are formed by layering three or more sheets such that a dissimilar material interface and a same material interface are formed. A first current is conducted between a three-sheet layered plate material wherein an aluminum alloy plate, a zinc plated steel plate and a bare steel plate, for example, are layered in order. A nugget is formed in an interface between the zinc plated steel plate and the bare steel plate, which are the same materials. Then, a second current greater than the first current is conducted, and a nugget is formed in an interface between the aluminum alloy plate and the zinc plated steel plate.

Abstract: The resistance welding method of welding two objects together includes the steps of: clamping the objects between a pair of electrodes; and applying a current between the electrodes while the objects are pressed to bring them close to each other to allow a contacting surface between them to generate heat. One object includes a core member and a plated layer coating the core member and having a melting point lower than that of a metal constituting an outer surface of the core member. The objects are clamped between the electrodes and the contacting surface are allowed to generate heat to melt the plated layer to weld the outer surface of the core member of the one object and a base member of another object together. At least the outer surface of the core member and the base member are made of respective metals, between which no intermetallic compound is formed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrowelding method for intraorally electrowelding titanium and alloys thereof, comprising the step of abutting the element to be electrowelded one against the other, performing an electrowelding operation by using an electrowelding current, cooling while holding a welding pressure, characterized in that said method provides to apply, at the welding zone, a set argon flow.

Abstract: A composite metal article from two dissimilar metals is prepared. A metal base is comprised of a first metal and having first and second opposing surfaces and a least one longitudinally-positioned depression in each of the first and second opposing surfaces for receiving a wire. An elongated metal element comprised of a second metal is introduced into each of the at least one first and second depressions of the metal base to form a composite assembly, and the composite assembly is heated under pressure to urge the adjacent surfaces of the second metal elements and the depressions together to form a bonded article.

Abstract: The invention provides a welding method by resistance welding capable of adequately increasing a welding strength between two conductive terminals each made of copper, and a conductive terminal structure obtained by the method. A first conductive terminal made of a tinned flat copper plate is molded such that a step portion is formed at a position spaced away from a tip end position of the first conductive terminal and a projection is formed at a tip end portion ranging from the tip end position to the step portion. A second conductive terminal made of the aforementioned copper plate and the first conductive terminal are molded such that a weld surface of the second conductive terminal has a size to cover an entire weld surface of the projection of the first conductive terminal. Simultaneously, the respective conductive terminals are molded such that the tip end portion of the first conductive terminal becomes substantially equal in sectional area to a weld portion of the second conductive terminal.