Abstract: A two-story electric platter where more pots can be heated over the same ground surface. The second story may be removable or permanently attached to the first electric platter. An optional guard rail can protect the pots from falling off the electric platter.

Abstract: An electric cooking pot has a main body, a pot body, two electric heating elements and two knobs. The pot body is mounted on a top of the main body. Two cooking recesses are formed on the pot body. The two electric heating elements with different heating powers are attached to the two cooking recesses respectively. One of the heating elements is strip-shaped and substantially forms a quadrilateral to avoid underheat near edges of the corresponding cooking recess. The knobs protrude from the main body. The two heating elements are respectively controlled by the two knobs. The two cooking recesses and a center of the knobs are arranged along a straight line for ease of use. A length of a contour of the main body reduces gradually from bottom to top of the main body. Therefore, users can enjoy two freshly prepared dishes at same time.

Abstract: An adaptable system for defogging a mirror in a steamy bathroom having a tube assembly with a plurality of openings with an impeller and a plurality of heating elements for blowing hot air through the openings onto the fogged mirror. In one example embodiment, the tube assembly has louvers directing the hot air from the openings. The system has a plurality of mounting assemblies configured for all types of mirrors operative for coupling to the tube assembly, such as a portable mounting assembly with a rechargeable battery that selectively attaches on or adjacent to a mirror. The system has an articulated arm mounting assembly in one example embodiment. The system has a mounting assembly fixture in another example embodiment. A kit comprises the tube assembly and at least one mounting assembly.

Abstract: An appliance and methods for operating the appliance in a safety-critical operation are provided. The appliance and methods for operating the appliance include features that provide safe and intuitive ways to initiate and cancel safety-critical operations performed by the appliance.

Abstract: A safety circuit for temperature tripping with redundancy is disclosed. The safety circuit comprises a first temperature evaluation module comprising a first input arranged to receive a first input signal derived from a temperature by means of a temperature-dependent element; the first temperature evaluation module further comprising a first output arranged to provide a first output signal corresponding to said determined first temperature state. The safety circuit further comprises a second temperature evaluation module comprising a second input arranged to receive a second input signal derived from said temperature by means of said temperature-dependent element, the second input signal being different from said first input signal; the second temperature evaluation module further comprising a second output arranged to provide a second output signal corresponding to said determined second temperature state.

Abstract: Cooking apparatus (10) includes heating chamber (4), radiant heater unit (38), convection device (30), a temperature sensor, and a control unit. Radiant heater unit (38) is provided inside heating chamber (4) and radiant-heats an object to be heated. Convection device (30) is provided behind heating chamber (4) and convection-heats the object. The temperature sensor is provided inside convection device (30) and detects temperature inside convection device (30). The control unit controls the temperature inside heating chamber (4) by making radiant heater unit (38) and convection device (30) operate in response to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. This aspect achieves a stable level of finish and a prolonged service life of radiant heater unit (38).

Abstract: The temperature sensor includes a voltage generator and a temperature code generator. The voltage generator includes a first temperature element having a first resistance value and a second temperature element having a second resistance value and utilizes the first and second temperature elements to generate a temperature voltage signal having a voltage level that varies according to a variation in temperature. The voltage generator generates a reference voltage signal having a substantially constant voltage level regardless of the variation in temperature. The temperature code generator compares a voltage level of the temperature voltage signal with a voltage level of the reference voltage signal to generate a plurality of temperature code signals including information on the variation in temperature based on the comparison.

Abstract: Techniques and apparatus for controlling the distribution of power (e.g., current) and the temperature to individually accessible compartments enclosing subsystems of a personal communication structure (PCS) is described. The PCS includes a power distribution and temperature controller subsystem, including thermal sensors adapted to generate and transmit temperature measurement data to the temperature controller, which controls fans/blowers. The power distribution subsystem senses and controls the current delivered to the individually accessible compartments.

Abstract: A temperature stabilized device and method for temperature stabilization are provided. The temperature stabilized device comprises a substrate having a first surface, at least one component mounted on the first surface of the substrate, and a first conformal layer comprising a thermoelectric material, with the first conformal layer over the at least one component. A first temperature control circuit is electrically coupled to the first conformal layer. The first temperature control circuit is configured to control a current through the first conformal layer. The current through the first conformal layer is controlled to maintain the at least one component at a target operating temperature.

Abstract: An efficient heating groove for an optical fiber fusion splicer and an optical fiber fusion splicer. The heat substrate of the heating groove is a metal sheet with heat conducting property. The manufacture method of the heating groove comprises printing, in sequence, insulating medium, heating resistor, transition point conductor, and protection glass glaze on the outer surface of the heating substrate with heat conducting property. Two heating resistors, each with a resistance of 4.7±0.5? and power density of 10-20 W/cm2, are separately printed on the outer face of the two heating surfaces in the heating groove. The heating resistor is made of resistive material with a temperature coefficient of 1500±150 ppm/° C. The resistance of the heating resistor is distributed in a way that, the resistance at two ends is larger than that at a center, and the resistance is reduced gradually or by step, from two ends to the center.

Abstract: A new electric broiler is disclosed. The broiler includes a housing having a cooking chamber, and a cooking surface in the housing. Upper and lower electrical heat sources are provided in the cooking chamber above and below the cooking surface. The lower heat source includes a removable heating module having an electric heating element and a quick connect/disconnect connector for quick electrical connection and disconnection of the electric heating element to and from a quick connect/disconnect connector on the housing. The broiler also includes a module holder on the housing for holding the removable heating module. The heating module is removable from the holder for quick replacement of the module.

Abstract: An oven is provided. The oven includes an oven chamber having an interior surface, the interior surface including a first recess at an upper portion thereof and a second recess provided in a portion of the first recess, a first heat source disposed in the first recess to provide energy for cooking food placed in the oven chamber, and a second heat source disposed in the second recess to provide energy for cooking food placed in the oven chamber.

Abstract: An electric oven for cooking a food product in a fat substance comprises a cooking chamber, at least one electrical heating resistance housed in the cooking chamber, a vessel mountable inside the cooking chamber and housing, at least one rotatable stirring blade that is able to rotate the food product to cover the food product with a film of fat substance, and a drive pin to drive said stirring blade in rotation. The stirring blade is configured so as to displace the food product such that at last a portion of the food product comes into contact with the fat substance for combined cooking by action of air on the portion of the food product located above the fat substance and by action of fat substance immersion at least on a portion of the food product immersed in said fat substance.

Abstract: One embodiment is directed to an oven for heating fibers. The oven comprises a plurality of walls forming a chamber and a supply structure disposed within the chamber between first and second ends of the chamber. The supply structure is in communication with a first heating system and is configured to direct heated gas from the first heating system into a first portion of the chamber. The supply structure is in communication with a second heating system and is configured to direct heated gas from the second heating system into a second portion of the chamber.

Abstract: A heat spreading/temperature uniformity device for a bake oven is disclosed. The heat spreading/temperature uniformity device is applicable to the bake oven, including at least one rack body movably disposed in a receiving space defined by the bake oven, and multiple heat spreading members distributed over and arranged on the rack body and integrally connected therewith. Each heat spreading member and the rack body contain a first angle and a second angle. The heat spreading/temperature uniformity device is up and down adjustably disposed in the bake oven for transferring heat to the relatively low heating intensity areas of the receiving space in the form of heat radiation. Accordingly, the food placed in the bake oven can be uniformly heated at a uniform heating intensity and a uniform temperature.

Abstract: A top-browner cooking system and method of use for browning chicken, turkey and other foodstuffs within electric roasting ovens that lack top-browning capability is disclosed. The present top-browner cooking system provides a plurality of top-browner assemblies which are configured for retrofitting to various sizes and shapes of common prior art roasting ovens lacking a top-browner heating element as original equipment. In addition to retrofitting a preexisting roasting oven, the top-browner cooking system is also utilized in combination with roasting ovens of new construction. The top-browner cooking system is designed for stand-alone use being plugged directly into a residential power outlet or, alternatively, can be plugged into an auxiliary power outlet provided on some brands of roasting ovens.

Abstract: A small cooking appliance comprises a bottom housing, a top housing, and a ring assembly. The bottom housing has a top surface that forms a bottom cooking surface. The top housing has a bottom surface that forms a top cooking surface. The top housing is movably attached to the bottom housing and moveable between a closed position and an open position. The ring assembly is positioned between the top and bottom cooking surfaces when the top housing is in its closed position. The ring assembly comprises a top ring, a bottom ring, and a center cooking plate. The center cooking plate is adapted to be removably inserted between the top ring and the bottom ring such that a space defined by the ring assembly is divided into top and bottom cooking cavities when the center cooking plate is inserted between the top ring and the bottom ring.

Abstract: A diffusion furnace in the shape of polygonal-prism, including two end frame plates arranged in opposite basal planes of the diffusion furnace and a plurality of heating panels connected between the two end frame plates. Each heating panel includes at least one beam connected between the two end frame plates and a plurality of heating block interconnected in succession along and secured to the respective beam. Each heating block includes a block body, at least one heating element arranged on one side of the block body and amounting assembly mounted on the opposite side of the block body for securing the heating element. Thus, the disclosed diffusion furnace can be customized to satisfy different measurements requirement and can be easily decomposed for repair.

Abstract: An oven may facilitate heating, curing, and/or drying processes for manufactured items, such as shoe parts, using multiple groups of infrared sources. Each group of infrared sources may comprise a plurality of sources having heating parameters, such as a peak wavelength, power, distance from items to be cured, number of infrared sources, etc. By staging different types of sources throughout an oven, different aspects of the curing process may be performed in an efficient fashion. Further, conditions within the oven such as temperature and relative humidity may be monitored and adjusted to optimize curing conditions.

Abstract: Embodiments of a lamphead and apparatus utilizing same are provided. In some embodiments, a lamphead for thermal processing may include a monolithic member having a plurality of coolant passages and a plurality of lamp passages and reflector cavities, wherein each lamp passage is configured to accommodate a lamp and each reflector cavity is shaped to act as a reflector or to receive a replaceable reflector for the lamp, and wherein the plurality of coolant passages are disposed proximate to the plurality of lamp passages; and at least one heat transfer member extending from the monolithic member into each coolant passage, wherein the at least one heat transfer member extends into each coolant passage up to the full height of each coolant passage. The lamphead may be disposed in an apparatus comprising a process chamber having a substrate support, wherein the lamphead is positioned to provide energy to the substrate support.

Abstract: An infrared firing furnace includes a case-integrated cooling system to provide high performance cooling as the first step in the cooling process. The cooling system includes a cooling manifold integrated into, and made from, the same case material as the adjacent firing zone. As the cooling system is made from the same material as the rest of the case, it can handle being exposed to higher temperatures. The cooling system is positioned such that the plane of its outlet is at a specific clearance level relative to the product passing underneath. High pressure cooling jets of air are directed downward toward the products as they pass under the cooling manifold in order to quickly bring the temperature of the products down from the much higher firing temperature, and minimize the dwell time of the product at the higher temperature.

Abstract: Provided is an electric oven, which includes a main body, a cooktop, and an oven part. The cooktop is disposed in an upper portion of the main body to heat an object. The oven part is disposed within the main body under the cooktop, and includes a cavity including a cooking chamber, a door selectively opening and closing the cooking chamber, and a first heating unit and a second heating unit, which supply radiant energy into the cooking chamber. Before the cooktop is installed, or after the cooktop is removed, a top of the main body is opened, and the first heating unit is installed in or removed from the cavity through the opened top of the main body. The second heating unit is installed in or removed from the cooking chamber through an open front of the cooking chamber. Accordingly, a heater can be protected, and be conveniently installed and removed.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to heating systems. In various embodiments, a tray may be supported adjacent a housing having a plurality of heating compartments configured to provide heat to food items within each of the heating compartments. In other embodiments, a vessel may be configured to be disposed in a housing having a plurality of heating compartments configured to provide heat within each of the heating compartments. In further embodiments, a housing may have a plurality of heating compartments configured to provide heat within each of the heating compartments, and the heating compartment may have open ends arranged around a circumference of the housing.

Abstract: A household appliance includes a first oven, a second oven disposed above the first oven and a shared housing surrounding the first and second ovens. The shared housing includes two separable parts defining a partition plane between the first and second ovens. At least one connecting element forms a hinged connection between the two separable parts of the shared housing. Control, operating and display elements are disposed in a top part of the shared housing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preheating a pressed material mat (14) spread on an endlessly and continuously circulating molding band (6) during manufacture of wood material boards, wherein microwaves from one or both press surface sides are beamed into the pressed material mat (14) to preheat the pressed material mat (14) and the pressed material mat (14) is compacted and hardened by application of pressure and heat after transfer to a continuously operating press (1). The invention consists of microwaves in a frequency range of 2400-2500 MHz being used to heat the pressed material mat (14), wherein the microwaves for each press surface side are generated from 20 to 300 microwave generators (26) with magnetrons (20) of a respective output of 3 to 50 kW.

Abstract: A semiconductor furnace suitable for chemical vapor deposition processing of wafers. The furnace includes a thermal reaction chamber having a top, a bottom, a sidewall, and an internal cavity for removably holding a batch of vertically stacked wafers. A heating system is provided that includes a plurality of rotatable heaters arranged and operative to heat the chamber. In one embodiment, spacing between the sidewall heaters is adjustable. The heating system controls temperature variations within the chamber and promotes uniform film deposit thickness on the wafers.

Abstract: A food holding cabinet having one or more food-holding compartments has two or more zones in a compartment, wherein holding temperatures can be different from each other. A shelf made of glass-ceramic passes infrared energy from two or more heating elements attached to the glass-ceramic shelf. Energy emitted from the different heating elements effectuate different temperatures of localized regions of the glass-ceramic and impart different amounts of heat energy into a food item or food holding trays above the heating elements.

Abstract: A load control system and method of time multiplexing power to a plurality of holding shelves in a food holding cabinet to allow total cabinet power to be limited to electrical distribution capabilities. This method allows for individual shelf heaters to be utilized normally to maintain food temperatures during normal use and modulates power when multiple shelves demand heating that would normally exceed branch circuit capabilities thus tripping the breaker. The system monitors temperature of each shelf and based upon demand executes a logical demand schedule for each shelf heater output (time multiplexing or modulating AC power to each) such that total system demand does not exceed available power to the system.

Abstract: Provided is a heat treatment apparatus in which a large-sized substrate can be rapidly heated and rapidly cooled with high uniformity, and a heat treatment method using the heat treatment apparatus. The heat treatment apparatus includes: a first chamber of which one side is opened; a second chamber of which one side is opened; a device for moving the first and the second chambers; a heating device; a gas introduction port; a gas exhaust port; and a jig for longitudinally fixing a substrate, in which the substrate is rapidly heated while the first and the second chambers are connected, and rapidly cooled by separating the chambers to move the substrate away from a heat storage portion of the heating device or the like. Further, the heat treatment method includes the heat treatment apparatus, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device using an oxide semiconductor is included.

Abstract: Provided is an oven including loess layers. The oven includes: a main body portion having a cooking space therein; loess layers that are coated on inner walls of the main body portion and that comprise red clay and yellow mica, respectively; and heat generation rods that are disposed on at least one side of the cooking space so as to heat the cooking space.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oven comprising a first chamber and a second chamber, which are separated by separation means, conveyor means for guiding products from the inlet through these chambers to the outlet, temperature control means for controlling the temperature in each chamber individually using a fluid, respectively, and means to adjust the flow distribution over the width of the conveyor means depending on at least one process parameter or recipe.

Abstract: A household range includes a first oven having a first electric cooking element, and a second oven includes a second electric cooking element. A power management system is used to distribute power such that when the second electric cooking element is energized the first electric cooking element is de-energized.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus for thermally conditioning probe cards prior to use in a testing system are provided herein. In some embodiments, a probe card thermal conditioning system may include an enclosure configured to support a probe card and a heat transfer element disposed proximate a bottom of the enclosure for thermally conditioning the probe card prior to installation in a prober. The heat transfer element may be a heating and/or cooling element. A controller may be provided for controlling operation of the heat transfer element, optionally with temperature feedback. Multiple enclosures may be provided for independently conditioning multiple probe cards. The enclosure may be contained in a cart or may be part of shipping container for shipping a probe card. A fan may be provided for circulating air within the enclosure. The fan may facilitate providing a dry purge gas to prevent condensate from forming on the probe card.

Abstract: A cooking appliance includes an oven provided with bake, broil and multiple convection heating elements, as well as plural, multi-speed fans, for cooking a wide range of food. The various heating elements are sequentially operated on a predetermined priority basis in order to, along with the fans, establish numerous effective cooking sequences, such as a bake mode, a convection bake mode with no preheat, a convection bake mode with rapid preheat, a convection bake mode with standard preheat, and a convection roast mode.

Abstract: Embodiments of a lamphead and apparatus utilizing same are provided herein. In some embodiments, a lamphead for use in thermal processing may include a monolithic member having a plurality of coolant passages and a plurality of lamp passages and reflector cavities, wherein each lamp passage is configured to accommodate a lamp and each reflector cavity is shaped to act as a reflector or to receive a replaceable reflector for the lamp, and wherein the plurality of coolant passages are disposed proximate to the plurality of lamp passages; and at least one heat transfer member extending from the monolithic member into each coolant passage. In some embodiments, the lamphead may be disposed in an apparatus comprising a process chamber having a substrate support, wherein the lamphead is positioned to provide energy to the substrate support.

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer preheated to a preheating temperature is irradiated with light from flash lamps. With the light emission from the flash lamps, a surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer is maintained at a recovery temperature during a period of 10 to 100 milliseconds to induce recovery of defects created in silicon crystals. Then, with subsequent flashing light emission from the flash lamps, the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer will reach a processing temperature to induce activation of impurities. Increasing the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer once to the recovery temperature and then, with the flashing light emission, to the processing temperature will also prevent cracking of the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: A baker's oven 10 and a method of operating the baking oven 10. The baking oven 10 including heating means 50 arranged to underlie baking trays 31 to provide a substantial proportion of the heat to the baking trays 31 than to other portions of the oven, a temperature sensor 62 for providing a signal indicative of oven temperature. An interface 60 is adapted to receive information from a baker indicative of a bake program and information corresponding to products being loaded into the oven. The control means 61 is operatively connected to the heating means 50, the temperature sensor 62 and the interface 60 to receive signals corresponding to oven variables comprising the oven temperature and a fixed baking time indicative of the product. The control means 61 is adapted to deactivate the heating means 50 after a first predetermined portion of the fixed baking time has elapsed in response to the oven temperature reaching a trip temperature.

Abstract: A system is provided for heating or cooling discrete, linearly conveyed substrates having a gap between a trailing edge of a first substrate and a leading edge of a following substrate in a conveyance direction. The system includes a chamber, and a conveyor operably configured within the chamber to move the substrates through at a conveyance rate. A plurality of individually controlled temperature control units, for example heating or cooling units, are disposed linearly within the chamber along the conveyance direction. A controller is in communication with the temperature control units and is configured to cycle output of the temperature control units from a steady-state temperature output as a function of the spatial position of the conveyed substrates within the chamber relative to the temperature control units so as to decrease temperature variances in the substrates caused by movement of the substrates through the chamber.

Abstract: A new electric broiler is disclosed. The broiler includes a housing having a cooking chamber, and a cooking surface in the housing. Upper and lower electrical heat sources are provided in the cooking chamber above and below the cooking surface. The lower heat source includes a removable heating module having an electric heating element and a quick connect/disconnect connector for quick electrical connection and disconnection of the electric heating element to and from a quick connect/disconnect connector on the housing. The broiler also includes a module holder on the housing for holding the removable heating module. The heating module is removable from the holder for quick replacement of the module.

Abstract: A electric oven is provided that includes a body, a cooking chamber located within the body for receiving food, the cooking chamber having an upper surface, a lower surface, and a rear surface joining the upper surface to the lower surface, at least one of a convection heater located at the rear surface of the cooking chamber and a bake heater located at the lower surface of the cooking chamber, and at least two broil heaters located at the upper surface of the cooking chamber, each of the at least two broil heaters being individually operable. Methods for preheating the electric oven are also provided.

Abstract: A heat processing furnace comprises: a processing vessel for receiving an object to be processed by a heat process; a cylindrical heat insulation member surrounding the processing vessel; a helical heating resistor arranged along an inner peripheral surface of the heat insulation member; a support member for supporting the heating resistor. The support member includes a base part positioned on an inside of the heating resistor, and a plurality of support pieces extending radially outward from the base part through spaces between adjacent portions of the heating resistor so as to support the heating resistor, the support member being formed to have a comb-like shape. An upper surface part of each of the support pieces is formed to have a curved shape in order to reduce a frictional resistance generated when the heating resistor is moved upon a thermal expansion and a thermal shrinkage thereof.

Abstract: A food warming apparatus includes a heating compartment that can hold one or more trays containing previously cooked food portions. A cover for a tray has a horizontal section and a vertical section extending downwardly from one side of the horizontal section. A rack in the heating compartment includes a channel and a stop that blocks the front end of the channel. The vertical section of the cover fits securely in the channel behind the stop such that the rack supports the cover substantially only through the vertical section. When a tray is inserted into the receiving space cooperatively defined by the cover and rack, the cover is lifted up so that the horizontal section rests on the tray and at least partially blocks the open top of the tray, thereby restricting evaporation of liquids from the previously cooked food portions contained in the tray.

Abstract: A modular pizza oven kit, pizza oven finger assembly support, and a method of operating a pizza oven at different speeds and a control arrangement for performing the method. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: A portable cooking system has a heating chamber supported by retractable legs that rest on a lid. A fire pan also resting on the lid and partially within the heating chamber is adaptable to burn charcoal, wood, or compressed gas. The lid supports and isolates the fire pan from the ground. The fire pan may be adapted for grilling. An alternate lid may contain an electric heating element. Thermometers and a vent on the heating chamber allow regulation on temperature within the heating chamber. The system may be adapted to provide uniform, controlled heat for Dutch ovens contained within. The system may also function as a smoker.

Abstract: A cooking structure which provide for two or more side-by-side ovens separated by vertical, movable, hinged partition(s) whereby the oven structure may function as one large oven or as two or more smaller independent ovens, wherein for each oven a tangential fan blows air substantially evenly over upper electrical heating elements strung generally from side-to-side of the oven, wherein a flow director (baffle) structure functions as a radiant heat shield which is operator movable to either expose to or occlude from the oven cooking chamber the direct radiation from its heating elements, depending on the need to roast, bake, or broil the food product. Also provided are lower electrical heating elements positioned below a ceramic cooking surface for ensuring evenness of radiant heat transfer therefrom. Also provided is operator controlled top vs.

Abstract: A device for heating food includes a housing and a plurality of heated shelves or trays supported on the housing. Each tray includes a heater and a temperature sensor. The heater is operable to heat the tray and the temperature sensor is capable of sensing the temperature of the tray. A controller is coupled to each heater and each temperature sensor, and the controller is configured to operate the heater as a function of the tray temperature.

Abstract: A heat spreading/temperature uniformity device for a bake oven is disclosed. The heat spreading/temperature uniformity device is applicable to the bake oven, including at least one rack body movably disposed in a receiving space defined by the bake oven, and multiple heat spreading members distributed over and arranged on the rack body and integrally connected therewith. Each heat spreading member and the rack body contain a first angle and a second angle. The heat spreading/temperature uniformity device is up and down adjustably disposed in the bake oven for transferring heat to the relatively low heating intensity areas of the receiving space in the form of heat radiation. Accordingly, the food placed in the bake oven can be uniformly heated at a uniform heating intensity and a uniform temperature.

Abstract: A method for regulating a cooking process of a cooking product in an oven of a steamer, during which the moisture in the oven coming from the cooking product is at least periodically determined over time by a moisture sensor. During a measuring phase there is no introduction of steam into the steam oven and the moisture sensor is evaluated. For a given cooking process with fixed times for the supply of steam, on the basis of the moisture sensor evaluation during the measuring phase, the end of cooking is determined. Prior to the measuring phase and during a steam phase, steam is introduced into the oven, the steam supply being terminated following the steam phase and prior to the measuring phase during a ventilating phase. During the ventilating phase the steam concentration in the oven is greatly reduced.

Abstract: An oven includes: an inlet elevator having multiple receiving bays for receiving a piece to be heated in the oven where the receiving bays are stacked vertically and the elevator is configured to move up or down to align a receiving bay; a mandrel having multiple shelves to correspond a shelf to a bay of the inlet elevator, each shelf configured to support a piece received from the inlet elevator, the mandrel configured to rotate each piece on a shelf between a loading position, a baking position, and an unloading position; an outlet elevator having multiple receiving bays for unloading a piece heated in the oven, the unloading bays are stacked vertically and the elevator is configured to move up or down to align an unloading bay with a material handling system moving the heated pieces; and a microwave generator configured to heat at least one of the pieces when the pieces are in the baking position. A method of heating a material is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oven comprising: a first chamber and a second chambers, which are separated by separation means conveyor means for guiding products from the inlet through these chambers to the outlet, temperature control means for controlling the temperature and/or humidity in each chamber individually using a fluid, respectively, and a passage in the separation means through which the conveyor means are directed from the first chamber to the second chamber.