Abstract: A culture apparatus including: a heat-insulated casing including an inner case surrounding a culture space, and an outer case, the heat-insulated casing having an opening; a box-shaped heat-insulated door to open and close the opening; and, one or more heaters provided to one or more inner surfaces of the inner case and an inner surface of an inner wall surface of the heat-insulated door, the inner wall surface facing the culture space when the door is closed; the heaters including one or more first heaters turned on when the interior of the culture space is at a first temperature to incubate a culture in the culture space and when the interior of the culture space is controlled at a second temperature to make the interior of the culture space, and second heaters to be energized when the interior of the culture space is controlled at the second temperature to sterilize the interior of the culture space.

Abstract: An enclosure, wherein the enclosure is at least partly formed of a layered material (3), the inner layer (1) of the layered material being formed of porous metal and the outer layer (2) of the layered material being formed of hygroscopic porous material.

Abstract: A device for preparing a thermoplastic material, with dry heat, for use in patient fixation. The device generates circulated heat to a threshold temperature. Once the thermoplastic material has become pliable, it is molded into a cast for fixation purposes. The circulated heat may be generated by a device having a housing and a support member movably attached to the housing. The device also includes a heating element and an array of circulation elements to push air centrally at the central region and drawing air from a periphery region concurrently.

Abstract: A vacuum oven or vacuum furnace is disclosed having a heat distribution sleeve that conforms to the shape of an interior heating chamber. The heat distribution sleeve may be of generally annular shape, like a ring, and located in a substantially regularly spaced and offset relationship from a heating element located within walls adjacent the interior heating chamber. The heat distribution sleeve includes a thermal conductive material which absorbs and re-radiates heat emitted from the heating element, thereby providing more consistent and regular radiation fields for heating treating a work piece that is loaded on a work holding tray and, upon the vacuum oven being in an operational position, the work piece is located within the furnace chamber.

Abstract: A heat treating furnace capable of continuously performing binder removal and subsequent firing without requiring a complicated configuration and increasing the equipment size and cost, for example, for degreasing a ceramic molding which is to be fired in a process for manufacturing a ceramic electronic component. A heat insulator is disposed to surround a heat treatment region in a case, and a reflector is disposed between the inner wall of the case and the insulator in order to reflect heat transferred from the heat treatment region through the heat insulator. A module heater including a heater embedded in the insulator is used. As the reflector, there is used a reflector having a structure in which a plurality of thin plates is arranged so that the main surfaces are arranged in parallel to each other with a predetermined space between the adjacent main surfaces.

Abstract: A heating cooking appliance includes a heating chamber for items to be cooked, a circulation duct connecting an inlet port and an outlet port both of which open into the heating chamber, an air blower located in the circulation duct, and a heating device in the upper part of the heating chamber. Gas in the heating chamber is taken into the circulation duct from the inlet port by the blower. The gas temperature is raised by the heating device, and subsequently, the gas is blown into the heating chamber from the inlet port. The circulation duct is provided with first and second paths which branch off upstream of the heating device. The first and second paths guide gas to the area upstream and downstream of the heating device, respectively.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to heating systems. In various embodiments, a tray may be supported adjacent a housing having a plurality of heating compartments configured to provide heat to food items within each of the heating compartments. In other embodiments, a vessel may be configured to be disposed in a housing having a plurality of heating compartments configured to provide heat within each of the heating compartments. In further embodiments, a housing may have a plurality of heating compartments configured to provide heat within each of the heating compartments, and the heating compartment may have open ends arranged around a circumference of the housing.

Abstract: A food holding cabinet having one or more food-holding compartments has two or more zones in a compartment, wherein holding temperatures can be different from each other. A shelf made of glass-ceramic passes infrared energy from two or more heating elements attached to the glass-ceramic shelf. Energy emitted from the different heating elements effectuate different temperatures of localized regions of the glass-ceramic and impart different amounts of heat energy into a food item or food holding trays above the heating elements.

Abstract: A vacuum oven or vacuum furnace is disclosed having a heat distribution sleeve that conforms to the shape of an interior heating chamber. The heat distribution sleeve may be of generally annular shape, like a ring, and located in a substantially regularly spaced and offset relationship from a heating element located within walls adjacent the interior heating chamber. The heat distribution sleeve includes a thermal conductive material which absorbs and re-radiates heat emitted from the heating element, thereby providing more consistent and regular radiation fields for heating treating a work piece that is loaded on a work holding tray and, upon the vacuum oven being in an operational position, the work piece is located within the furnace chamber.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a consumer appliance that uses RF energy to heat foods stored in a container that is suitable for RF heating.

Abstract: A heat storage cooker comprising a least one oven cavity formed by walls of cast iron, and at least one electric radiant heating element which is in thermal contact with at least one wall such that in use the electric radiant heating element transfers heat energy to the wall which subsequently radiates at least part of that heat energy in to the oven cavity. Two or more ovens may be provided, each one with its own radiant heating element.

Abstract: A heating module for dye sublimation printing on an article comprises a first heating plate, an infrared heating source, and a metal shield. The infrared heating source is disposed under the first heating plate and emits a radiation. The metal shield can prevent the radiation, emitted by the infrared heating source, from projecting directly on the article. The first heating plate preheats a retransfer sheet to be softened and then molded on the article. Consequently, the infrared heating source heats the retransfer sheet for sublimation dye transfer on the article.

Abstract: Provided is a cooker. A carbon heater used as a convection heater is supported by a heater bracket and heater supporters, and light and heat generated from the carbon heater are transferred to the inside of a cooking chamber through convection, conduction, and radiation.

Abstract: A system for cleaning the interior surface of an oven appliance using heat and steam cycles is provided. More particularly, the present invention uses a heat cycle to break down water insoluble food residues into soluble materials that are then cleaned by a steam cycle. Following the steam cycle, the remaining food residues can be removed from the interior surface of the oven appliance.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a cell assembly for use in a high-pressure cubic press comprises a substantially tubular heating element including a proximal end region having a proximal mouth, a distal end region having a distal mouth spaced from the proximal mouth, and a passageway extending between the proximal mouth and the distal mouth configured to receive at least partially receive at least one can assembly therein. A pressure transmitting medium extends about at least the substantially tubular heating element. A proximal electrical contact electrically contacts the substantially tubular heating element at the proximal end region thereof. A distal electrical contact electrically contacts the substantially tubular heating element at the distal end region thereof. A gasket medium defines a receiving space that receives at least the substantially tubular heating element and the pressure transmitting medium.

Abstract: A heat treatment apparatus with a process chamber, a tubular heater, a heat exhaust system and a cooling section. The heater surrounds an outer circumference of the process chamber. The heat exhaust system exhausts an atmosphere in a space between the heater and the process chamber. The cooling section blows a cooling fluid into the space to cool the atmosphere. The heater includes a tubular heat insulator, a heat generating resistor on an inner circumference of the heat insulator, and an outer shell provided on an outer circumference of the heat insulator. The cooling section includes at least one annular flow path between the heat insulator and the outer shell, and an outlet in the heat insulator. The outlet blows cooling fluid toward a vertical central axis of the heat insulator, or in a direction oblique to the direction toward vertical central axis of the heat insulator.

Abstract: An operating device for an electric hob comprises a plurality of touch pads as touch points, in which operation takes place by applying a finger to specific defined touch points. The touch pads may be in themselves structurally movable separately of the electric hob or the operating device. The touch pads comprise individual coding circuits which can be accomplished by way of modulation of an electromagnetic field. The operating device has an electrode surface for attachment next to the electric appliance, on which the touch pads are arranged. Capacitive coupling is formed between the touch pads and the electrode surface. The operating device comprises a drive and evaluation device connected to the electrode surface both for detecting touching of a touch pad in general and for detecting and differentiating between touching of a specific touch pad and touching of another touch pad as indicated by the individual coding circuit.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a cell assembly for use in a high-pressure cubic press comprises a substantially tubular heating element including a proximal end region having a proximal mouth, a distal end region having a distal mouth spaced from the proximal mouth, and a passageway extending between the proximal mouth and the distal mouth configured to receive at least partially receive at least one can assembly therein. The at least one can assembly may hold a plurality of diamond particles positioned adjacent to a substrate. A pressure transmitting medium extends about at least the substantially tubular heating element. A proximal electrical contact electrically contacts the substantially tubular heating element at the proximal end region thereof and does not extend over the proximal mouth thereof. A distal electrical contact electrically contacts the substantially tubular heating element at the distal end region thereof and does not extend over the distal mouth thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a tunable radiation emitting structure comprising: a nanoamorphous carbon structure having a plurality of relief features provided in a periodic spatial configuration, wherein the relief features are separated from each other by adjacent recessed features, and wherein the nanoamorphous carbon comprises a total of from 0 to 60 atomic percent of one or more dopants of the dopant group consisting of: transition metals, lanthanoids, electro-conductive carbides, silicides and nitrides. In one embodiment, a dopant is selected from the group consisting of: Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, La and other lanthanides, Hf, Ta, W, Rh, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, and Hg. In one embodiment, a dopant is selected from the group consisting of: electro-conductive carbides (like Mo2C), silicides (like MoSi2) and nitrides (like TiN).

Abstract: A cooking structure which provide for two or more side-by-side ovens separated by vertical, movable, hinged partition(s) whereby the oven structure may function as one large oven or as two or more smaller independent ovens, wherein for each oven a tangential fan blows air substantially evenly over upper electrical heating elements strung generally from side-to-side of the oven, wherein a flow director (baffle) structure functions as a radiant heat shield which is operator movable to either expose to or occlude from the oven cooking chamber the direct radiation from its heating elements, depending on the need to roast, bake, or broil the food product. Also provided are lower electrical heating elements positioned below a ceramic cooking surface for ensuring evenness of radiant heat transfer therefrom. Also provided is operator controlled top vs.

Abstract: A heat-processing furnace comprises: a processing vessel for housing an object to be processed to thermally heat the object to be processed; a cylindrical heat insulating member surrounding the processing vessel; a helical heating resistor disposed along an inner circumferential surface of the heat insulating member; and support members axially disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the heat insulating member, for supporting the heating resistor at predetermined pitches. A plurality of terminal plates are disposed outside the heating resistor at suitable intervals therebetween and attached to the heating resistor, the terminal plates radially passing through the heat insulating member to be extended outside. A plurality of fixing plates are disposed outside the heating resistor at suitable intervals therebetween and attached to the heating resistor, the fixing plates being fixed in the heat insulating member.

Abstract: The method of making a single crystal, especially a CaF2 single crystal, includes tempering, in which the crystal is heated at <18 K/h to a temperature of 1000° C. to 1350° C. and held at this temperature for at least 65 hours with maximum temperature differences within the crystal of <0.2 K. Subsequently the crystal is cooled with a cooling rate of at maximum 0.5 K/h above a limiting temperature between 900° C. to 600° C. and then further below this limiting temperature at maximum 3 K/h. The obtained CaF2 crystals have refractive index uniformity <0.025×10?6 (RMS) in a (111)-, (100)- or (110)-direction and a stress birefringence of less than 2.5 nm/cm (PV) and/or a stress birefringence of less than 1 nm/cm (RMS) in the (100)- or (110)-direction. In the (111)-direction the stress birefringence is <0.5 nm/cm (PV) and/or the stress birefringence is <0.15 nm/cm (RMS).

Abstract: The present invention provides a radiation apparatus with capability of preventing heat convection, which comprises a blackbody furnace having a cavity therein and an air pressure adjusting unit. The air pressure adjusting unit coupled to the blackbody furnace for adjusting the air pressure of the open end of the cavity according to the temperature difference between the cavity and the outside environment. By means of the design of the present invention, it is capable of preventing heat convection between the cavity and the outside environment by utilizing the air pressure adjusting unit for controlling the air pressure status around the open end of cavity such that the blackbody furnace is stable for services of calibrations and tests.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a consumer appliance that uses RF energy to heat foods stored in a container that is suitable for RF heating.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a multigas incubator capable of shortening humidity-returning time after closing its door. The incubator comprises an adiabatic box main body having an opening on a front face thereof, an adiabatic door mounted on the adiabatic box main body in an openable and closable manner, a transparent inner door for openably closing the opening, and an incubation room surrounded by the inner door and the adiabatic box main body for incubating samples such as cells, microbes and the like. The adiabatic box main body comprises an outer box made of a metal, an inner box made of a metal, a heat insulating material arranged inside the outer box between the outer and inner boxes, and an air layer arranged more inside than the heat insulating material. Gases supplied for controlling concentrations of gases in the incubation room are jetted into humidification water.

Abstract: A heater that may include an outer housing and an inner tube is provided. The inner tube is in a coaxial relation to and within the outer housing. An inward facing surface of the inner tube defines a volume sufficient to receive a reaction capsule, and the outward facing surface is radially spaced from an inward facing surface of the outer housing sufficient to define a gap. A filler material is disposed within the gap. The filler material responds to pressure such that the filler volume is reduced by less than 5 volume percent at greater than 500 MPa pressure and at greater than 500° C. temperature. One or more heating elements are disposed in the gap. The heating elements are in thermal communication with the inner tube.

Abstract: A cooking appliance heating element shield apparatus and method are provided. The apparatus is adapted for use in an electric self-cleaning cooking appliance of the type having an oven cavity heated by a coil heating element of a heating element assembly. The apparatus includes an elongate main portion comprising a substantially planar surface and adapted for positioning between the oven cavity and a portion of the heating element to dissipate direct heat transmitted to the oven cavity from the heating element. The apparatus also includes at least one connection portion adapted for removably attaching the elongate main portion to the heating element assembly.

Abstract: The growth container is formed of two pots that interfit within each other to define an enclosed space. A heater disposed in the space supplies heat via a reservoir of water for heating the inner pot and the soil in the inner pot to keep the roots of an aquatic plant embedded within the soil warm. A thermostat(s) is provided for maintaining the temperature of the soil at a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A steam generator assembly for a sterilization chamber of a surgery autoclave is described, of the type comprising a steam generation compartment and a heating element, wherein the steam generation compartment has at least one portion made of polymeric material, the compartment preferably including a metal tray adjacent to a heating element.

Abstract: The oven includes an oven chamber and a heating element. The oven chamber includes a cavity defined by a door and a plurality of walls which include a first wall, and a heating element assembly located adjacent the first wall and configured to provide heat energy to the cavity. The heating element assembly includes a heating element and a shield located between the heating element and the first wall of the oven chamber. The heating element transfers heat energy to the shield and the surrounding air, which transfers the heat energy to the first wall.

Abstract: An oven is disclosed. The oven comprises an oven chamber and a heating element. The oven chamber comprises a cavity defined by a door and a plurality of walls which include a first wall, and a heating element assembly located adjacent the first wall and configured to provide heat energy to the cavity. The heating element assembly comprises a heating element and a shield located between the heating element and the first wall of the oven chamber.

Abstract: A multi-zone griddle with an upper substantially continuous layer of metal adapted for cooking a food product thereon. The upper substantially continuous layer of metal is positioned adjacent to a first lower layer of metal and is displaced a predetermined distance relative to the upper substantially continuous layer of metal to form a space therebetween. A second lower layer of metal is displaced a predetermined distance relative to the upper substantially continuous layer of metal to form a space therebetween. At least one serpentine passageway is formed in the space between the first lower layer of metal and the upper substantially continuous layer of metal. The at least one serpentine passageway may be connected to a source of heated fluid for providing heat to a portion of the upper substantially continuous layer of metal that corresponds to the position adjacent to the at least one serpentine passageway.

Abstract: A merchandiser for elongate loaves of bread includes at least one rack having a rear wall, a front wall spaced apart from the rear wall, a pair of sidewalls disposed between the rear wall and the front wall along opposite sides thereof, and a bottom wall disposed between the rear wall, the sidewalls and the front wall along lower portions thereof. The walls support the bread loaves in a generally vertical, freestanding, side-by-side relationship. At least one heater is disposed along at least one of the rear wall or the front wall of the rack with the heater selectively heating the air disposed therein, such that air heated in the interior of the rack heats the vertically stacked bread loaves.

Abstract: A non-food warmer apparatus includes an enclosure having sides, a top, and a bottom defining a chamber. A drawer structure has a support member to support objects. The drawer structure is coupled to the enclosure for movement between a retracted position to warm the objects within the chamber and an extended position external to the chamber to permit access to the objects by a user. A heating system heats the chamber and a ventilation system moves air through the chamber. A user interface includes inputs to control a temperature and a humidity within the chamber. A detection system includes sensors to detect a condition within the chamber and provide a signal. An electronic control system is coupled to the enclosure and interfaces with the heating system, the ventilation system, the user interface, and the detection system so the objects in the chamber can be maintained at a desired temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is a human cell/tissue culturing system including a plurality of incubators, each incubator capable of aseptically storing/culturing cell(s) or tissue(s) derived from a (human) individual and identifying the cell(s) or the tissue(s) during incubation, wherein each incubator comprises a detector corresponding to an individual key, the response of the detector permitting opening/closing of a door of each incubator, the response of the detector of one incubator triggering the interception of the function of the detector(s) of other incubator(s) to consequently inhibit opening/closing of the door(s) of the other incubator(s).

Abstract: The present invention discloses a portable blackbody furnace comprising a metallic body, a cylindrical cavity with a tapered end in the metallic body, a shielding plate positioned at an open end of the cylindrical cavity, at least a first heaters positioned in the shielding plate, a plurality of second heaters positioned around the metallic body, and a plurality of thermometers positioned in the metallic body. Preferably, the heat capacity of the metallic body is larger than 200 Joules/K, and has radial thickness larger than 5 mm. There are grooves formed on the outer wall of the metallic body, and the second heaters are heating wires embedded inside the grooves. In addition, the flow direction of the current between two adjacent heating wires is opposite to eliminate the magnetic field generated from the current flow.

Abstract: A bottom electric heating element for an oven wherein the electric heating element is positioned in a recessed portion in the oven bottom and has at least one corrugated ribbon of conductive material partially embedded in an insulating base. A glass panel is positioned over the recessed portion and on a compressible heat resistant gasket. The glass panel is transparent or semi-transparent, high temperature resistant and high impact resistant. A frame extends around the glass panel and fastens it to the oven bottom while partially and resiliently compressing the gasket to support the glass panel.

Abstract: A system for heating optical members includes a thermally-conductive inner housing defining an interior volume for receiving an optical member to be heated, a thermally-insulative outer housing at least partially containing the thermally-conductive inner housing, and a heating structure disposed outside the inner housing and configured to provide heat through the thermally-conductive inner housing and into the interior volume defined by the inner housing.

Abstract: A steamer apparatus for steaming bread-type food products includes a housing defining a steam chamber having a heated platen therein. A water conduit delivers water onto the heated platen to convert the water into steam in the steam chamber. The water in the conduit is preheated by the heated platen, itself, prior to delivering the water to the heated platen.

Abstract: A controlled atmosphere incubator having an interior chamber adapted to be heated and humidified. An easily accessed blower is located within the gaseous environment of the incubator chamber and includes a HEPA filter and VOC filter readily replaceable by the user from within the chamber.

Abstract: An electric oven includes a cabinet within which is arranged an oven cavity. Arranged below a bottom portion of the oven cavity is a combination convection/radiant bake cooking system adapted to derive heat energy from a single heat source. The oven preferably includes a central opening in the bottom portion within which is arranged a glass panel. Arranged about a periphery of the central opening are a plurality of vented openings adapted to introduce a convective airflow into the oven cavity. The glass panel provides both a conductive heat surface transmitting radiant heat energy into the oven cavity and a viewing surface allowing a consumer to view the operation of the heat source.

Abstract: A thermal-insulation container with electric heater comprising an inner container and an outer container, said inner container being housed into the outer container integrally therewith so as to define a closed space separating the same from the outer container comprises a highly-resistive metal oxide film formed on an outer surface of said inner container facing said closed space, and an electrode unit provided on the highly-resistive metal oxide film facing said closed space for applying an electric current thereto.

Abstract: A system for heating optical members includes a thermally-conductive inner housing defining an interior volume for receiving an optical member to be heated, a thermally-insulative outer housing at least partially containing the thermally-conductive inner housing, and a heating structure disposed outside the inner housing and configured to provide heat through the thermally-conductive inner housing and into the interior volume defined by the inner housing.

Abstract: A cultivating apparatus designed so that cultivating containers for cultivating cultures can be mounted therein and the inside of the apparatus is hermetically sealed by closing a door of said apparatus to cultivate the cultures, is provided with a sterilizing lamp for emitting light for sterilizing germs such as bacteria, etc. contained in the gas in the apparatus. The sterilizing lamp comprises an ultraviolet lamp for emitting ultraviolet rays in which light of 200 nm or less in wavelength is cut off.

Abstract: A multifunctional cooking apparatus includes a parabolic-like cooking pot and dome-like cover. A heating element is embedded either in the wall of the cover or the wall of the cooking pot to provide heat transfer respectively. The cooking pot have an opening to create a cooking recess with a parabolic inner wall, and the cover have an opening and formed as a dome-like inner wall, so that the cooking pot and the cover are generally formed as a spherical-like or oval-like cooking chamber by which to concentrate the heat energy therein and cooking food in a variety of ways at a minimal cost, such as baking, steaming, deep-frying, boiling or simmering mode.

Abstract: A cooking oven comprises a cavity having a separating and insulating plate which can be inserted horizontally in the cavity in order to split it in two sub-cavities. Each sub-cavity has heating elements on its side walls. The oven sub-cavities can be singularly or separately and this increases flexibility in use.

Abstract: An apparatus for fixing the position of a quartz furnace tube in a semiconductor processing furnace is described. The furnace is of the type that has a cylindrical body possessing an open end through which the tube may be withdrawn, and a base postioned on the open end, wherein the tube includes a flange portion secured to the base through which gas may be withdrawn from or introduced into the furnace tube. The tube is coaxially disposed within the furnace body. The apparatus may include two clamp halves each has a half-circular shape for engaging the flange portion of the furnace tube onto the base, and a mounting means for mounting the two clamp halves to the base.

Abstract: A small oven has a removable corrugated bottom platen. Bases of grooves formed by the corrugations slope towards one end of the platen when the platen is supported in the oven for use. As a result hot fat and other juices released during cooking drain off the platen making the platen less prone to contamination caused by burnt-on fat and therefore the platen easier to keep clean. The platen may have a planar cooking surface, in which case the platen is supported in the oven with the planar surface sloping towards the one end.

Abstract: A portable incubator for testing water comprising a housing, a heating element, a temperature sensor, a heating controller and a specimen bottle having recesses for receiving the heating element and the temperature sensor. The specimen bottle is filled with water to be tested which is mixed with a reagent and placed inside the incubator. The heating controller serves to keep the temperature of the water within a preset range.

Abstract: A blackbody furnace, mainly comprising a radiation cavity, a thermally insulating layer, a heater, a housing, a temperature controller, an airflow controller and a high-pressure air source. Besides, a gas channel is provided at the bottom of the radiation cavity to conduct the interior of the furnace chamber with the exterior. In the process of lowering the temperature of the blackbody furnace, the airflow controller could be actuated by the temperature controller or by an operator. Therefore, the room-temperature high-pressure air will enter the radiation cavity through the gas channel to fast cool down the radiation cavity. Finally, heat air will be vented from an opening at the front end of the radiation cavity. The present invention utilizes forced convection to enhance the efficiency of heat dissipation to fast lower the temperature of the blackbody furnace.