Abstract: The invention relates to conductive materials particularly to serve as a heater. Heating means formed by or with electrically conductive materials are known and particularly effective for its flexibility is that sold under the British, Community and US Registered Trade Mark INDITHERM. Conductive rails are used to provide electrical connection to a source of power that need to have a commensurate flexibility, and the object of the invention is to ensure the maintenance of power to the full length of the conductive rail. This objective, is met by a construction comprising spaced first rails for the supply and return of electrical power, the said rails having a flexibility compatible with the semi-conductive material, and there being a supplementary rail attached to each first rail along the length thereof, the supplementary rails being flexible and having strength characteristics greater than those of the first rails.

Abstract: In an element for producing an electrically heatable covering with connecting elements for connection of adjacent elements, the element (1) is connected to a multilayer printed circuit board (3) whose electrically conductive surface (4) facing the element (1) can be connected to an electrical contact (15) of a connecting or feed element (16), and whose outer side facing away from the element (1) is fitted with resistors (8), which are each arranged at a distance from one another, between metallic surfaces in the form of conductor tracks (11), wherein at least two conductor tracks (11) which are bridged by resistors (8) can be connected to electrical contacts (15) of a connecting or feed element (16).

Abstract: A heating system for a subsurface formation includes a conduit located in a first opening in the subsurface formation. Three electrical conductors are located in the conduit. A return conductor is located inside the conduit. The return conductor is electrically coupled to the ends of the electrical conductors distal from the surface of the formation. Insulation is located inside the conduit. The insulation electrically insulates the three electrical conductors, the return conductor, and the conduit from each other.

Abstract: Provided are a heated exhaust pipeline, a related plurality of heating elements attached to an exhaust pipeline, and a method of controlling the plurality of heating elements. Individual heating elements are characterized by a temperature indicator and/or an alarm.

Abstract: An integrate device includes a heater thermally coupled to a plurality of flow-through tubes to perform thermally-driven chemical reactions. A wire mesh heater is wrapped around each of multiple flow-through tubes, thereby creating a thermal interface between the mesh and the tubes. Each end of the wire mesh is coupled to an electrical contact. The electrical contacts are preferable positioned at an exterior portion of the integrated device to be easily placed in electrical contact with a voltage source. As current passes through the mesh, heat is produced. The heat passes from the mesh to each of the flow-through tubes via the thermal interface. The flow-through tubes can be fluidically coupled to a sample preparation module. The sample preparation module, the flow-through tubes, and the heater can be integrated within a single integrated device that provides automated sample preparation and thermally-driven chemical reactions for a variety of applications.

Abstract: A heating element includes two flexible plastics layers connected in overlying relationship with first and second conductors each running along the element between the layers the side edges with a row of printed conductive strips at right angles to the conductors. A grounding layer comprising a sheet of foil laminated to a carrier is laminated to the heating element. A reinforcing layer in the form of a bitumen anti-fracture membrane is applied on one surface and a reinforcing layer of a fiber reinforced material is applied on the opposite surface for engagement into a tile adhesive layer. First and second strips of an electrically insulating material are applied over the first and second conductors to define slots allowing insertion into the slots of respective clamp type terminals.

Abstract: Provided are a heater holder and an electric hob including the heater holder. Both end portions of a tube heater are supported by the heater holder having predetermined elasticity. Therefore, food can be cooked more rapidly, and the tube heater can be easily installed. Furthermore, damages caused by heat generated from the tube heater can be minimized.

Abstract: The performance of a thermal insulation for a building surface 6, subject to a thermal gradient emitting from the building interior, is enhanced by a neutral thermal gradient. For this purpose an electrical heating element 1 is adapted to release very low Wattages of thermal energy and is contained within an inner layer 4 and an outer layer 5 of thermal insulation. Adjusting the thermal efficiency of the insulation layers controls the magnitude of the thermal energy required to maintain the temperature of the element 1 at the equivalent temperature level to the building interior. The element 1 may be provided with a moisture controller and discharge sizeable quantities of thermal energy to dry moisture from the thermal insulation materials of the assembly.

Abstract: An electric heating element with radiant tube comprising a radiation pipe (1) and an electric heating element (2, 3) contained in said pipe, wherein the heating element has legs that run to and fro in the pipe, and wherein the heating element is connected at one end of the pipe close to a furnace wall with electric power outlets through which electric current is fed to the element, wherein the element is supported in the pipe by ceramic discs (9) that are provided with through-penetrating holes through which the legs of the elements extend, and wherein two elements (2, 3) are disposed sequentially in said radiation pipe along its long axis.

Abstract: A heating element (1) featuring at least two electrodes (5, 5?) for supplying the heating element (1) with current, containing a multitude of heating sections (11, 11?, 11?) that, coating at least one part of a base surface to be heated (4), are arranged between the electrodes (5, 5?) and are connected with them by electrical conduction. The heating element (1) has at least two bundles (9, 9?, 9?, 9?) of heating sections (11, 11?, 11?), with the bundles (9, 9?, 9?) being arranged at a distance from one another to avoid electrical contact between the bundles.

Abstract: An electrical resistance heater element has a metal tube containing an electrical resistance coil that is electrically insulated from the metal tube by magnesium oxide powder, the coil being bonded to a conductor pin that protrudes from an open end of the tube. The powder is sealed against moisture by placing at least the open end of the tube within a chamber and immersing the open end within liquid silicone. A gas is pumped into the chamber to pressurize the silicone sufficiently to cause some of it to encroach into the powder through the open end of the tube. The heater element is installed within a heat exchanger with the silicone remaining uncured.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a glass article with a metal member joined thereto in which an electroconductive coating film is formed on at least a part of the surface of the glass article by baking a silver paste that includes Ag particles and a glass frit, a joining plane of the metal member is fixed onto the electroconductive coating film with a lead-free solder alloy containing Sn as a main component, and the lead-free solder alloy contains at least 1.5 mass % of Ag, which prevents the appearance of the electroconductive coating film and the bonding strength from degrading. Furthermore, in the present invention, when using a metal member having at least two joining planes, the total area of the joining planes is set within a range of 37 mm2 to 50 mm2, which allows high bonding strength between the glass article and metal member to be maintained while using the lead-free solder alloy.

Abstract: Connector bushings are crimped to the terminal ends of tubular electrical heating elements for heating equipment, particularly equipment intended for use in hazardous environments, e.g. where there is a risk of explosion.

Abstract: The electric cartridge type heater is provided with a continuous central fitting hole (2) for receiving a cylindrical body to be heated, especially a plastic injection molding nozzle, in a gap-free manner, as well as with an inner metal jacket (1) and an outer metal jacket (3) and with at least one heating conductor, which is wound as a heating wire winding (9) on the circumference of a hollow cylindrical coil form (8), which is inserted in an annular chamber (4) located between the inner metal jacket (1) and the outer metal jacket (3) and closed on the front side and is surrounded by an insulating compound. The coil form consists of a ceramic mass or a metal oxide. Its cylinder wall has axially parallel holes (10) or ducts (11/1) for receiving the ends (12, 13, 15, 16) of the heating wire winding (9) and optionally the electric connecting conductors (18, 19) connected to the ends (12, 13, 15, 16) of the heating wire winding (9), wherein all parts are compacted by radial pressing.

Abstract: A radiator element for an air heating device, and a corresponding heating device and manufacturing method are provided which reveal improved assembly properties. The radiator element comprises at least one lamella element and one radiator sheet, wherein the radiator sheet comprises on at least two edges projections for attaching the lamella element onto the radiator sheet. The projections may be folded for attaching the lamella element. For facilitating the bending process, a notch along the edge is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed a heater and a method for manufacturing the heater using a PCB process for providing a heater generating heat at a temperature that is proper to use by designing the heater having an accurate resistance using the PCB process on an insulated board.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for making a radiation heating structure comprising a heating film electrically powered to produce Joule heating, a radiating film comprising radiating additives and a thermally insulating film. The insulating film and the radiating film are fixed on either side of the heating film. The structure is obtained by double injection of polymerizable resins in a heating mould, a first resin being filled with radiating additive on the side of the heating film and a second more fluid resin on the side of the insulation.

Abstract: A heater strip for use as a heating element in an electric heater is made up of a profiled strip made of a flat metallic material forming a resistor section and of mounting elements extending over one common longitudinal side and they are manufactured as one piece with the resistor section for mounting the heater strip to a support. The strip has a zigzag-shaped structure. The mounting elements are provided only on the flat leg sections of the zigzag-shaped heater strip.

Abstract: An electric trace tube bundle characterized by an internal branched circuit or circuits wherein power to the branched circuit or circuits is supplied via leads contained within a tubular jacket surrounding an insulation layer and an inner core containing one or more process tubes and the heater circuits. Such an arrangement allows the power connection to the heater circuits to be made at a proximal end of the bundle, thereby eliminating the need to cut through the jacket to make branched circuit power connections at a location remote from the proximal end of the bundle.

Abstract: A ceramic heater is provided that has a heat generating resistor and a lead member which supplies electric power to the heat generating resistor buried in a ceramic body, and exhibits excellent durability by controlling the cross sectional shape and plan configuration of the heat generating resistor.

Abstract: An electrical heater bundle has heater elements, each including a metal tube, an electrical resistance coil within the tube, a conductor pin connected to the coil and protruding from an end of the tube, and an electrical insulation powder surrounding the coil within the tube. A conical cavity is located in the insulation powder at the end of the tube, the cavity extending from an inner diameter of the tube to the conductor pin. The cavity is filled with an epoxy that is cured in place. The insulation powder may have an infiltrated layer at the cavity that is an uncured liquid silicone. The heater elements are mounted to a header plate, and the elements associated with the three different phases of electrical power may protrude past the header plate at different distances.

Abstract: A heater assembly for a dryer is stably assembled and reduces noise. The heater assembly for a dryer includes hot wires electrically heated an insulator provided with a groove at the center, having lower and upper portions into which the hot wires are fixed, and a partition plate including an insertion hole into which the insulator is inserted and at least one clamp portion provided at the rim of the insertion hole and fixed into the groove.

Abstract: An electric PCB heating component for a heating electric component is coupleable to an electronic circuit board. The PCB heating component includes a fastening element, a heating element for generating thermal energy, and a heating body. The heating body emits thermal energy via a heat radiating surface. For a low cost PCB heating component, the heating element is a PTC heating element. A plurality of heating projections of the heating element cooperate to form a relatively large heat radiating surface such that thermal energy can be emitted in a substantially directional mode. The heating projections can be convection or radiation elements.

Abstract: A floor heating system including a sub-floor, a plurality of fasteners, a first heater conductor assembly and a second heater conductor assembly. The first conductor assembly including a first resistive conductor having a first length, first and second ends, and two low resistance conductors. The two low resistance conductors being respectively connected to each of the first and second ends. The second heater conductor assembly including a second resistive conductor having a second length, first and second ends, and two low resistance conductors. The two low resistance conductors being respectively connected to each of the first and second ends of the second resistive conductor. The low resistance conductor that is connected to the first end of the first resistive conductor being connected in a serial fashion to the low resistance conductor that is connected to the first end of the second resistive conductor. The first length being approximately a first integer multiple of the second length.

Abstract: An electric heating module includes an electric heater (10), a heat pipe (20) having an evaporating section (22) thermally attached to the electric heater and a condensing section (24), and at least one heat radiator (30, 40) thermally attached to the condensing section. The electric heater includes a pair of electrode plates (12, 14) and a heating element (16) sandwiched between and electrically connecting the electrode plates. An insulation frame (19) encloses the electrode plates therein for electrically insulating the electric heater from the heat radiator. For the non-linear PTC heating element, the electric heater can rapidly heat up to and stay at a desired stable temperature. The heat pipe can transfer heat from the electric heater to the heat radiator rapidly and timely by phase change.

Abstract: A flexible heating sheet is composed of two heat fusible aromatic polyimide films and an electric heating element having an electric source-connecting terminal at each end which intervenes between the heat fusible aromatic polyimide films, in which each heat fusible aromatic polyimide film is covered with a heat resistant aromatic polyimide film.

Abstract: A sheet heater structured so that heating wire is fixed to air-passing base material by sewing. This structure can provide a sheet heater that has improved durability of heating wire 2 against the load imposed on the seat during sitting, comfortable feeling of sitting in the seat, and high air-passing capability.

Abstract: A heater system is provided with a layered heater in communication with a two-wire controller, wherein a resistive layer of the layered heater is both a heater element and a temperature sensor. The two-wire controller thus determines temperature of the layered heater using the resistance of the resistive layer and controls heater temperature through a power source. Furthermore, a heater system using a layered heater in communication with a two-wire controller for a specific application of a hot runner nozzle in an injection molding system is provided by the present invention.

Abstract: A temperature-responsive device (14) is provided for an electric heater (2). The heater (2) is located behind a heatable surface and comprises a dish-like support (6) having therein at least one electric heating element (12) having first and second terminal regions, (12A, 12B). An electrical component (18), having an electrical parameter which changes as a function of temperature, is supported inside the heater (2) by an elongate member (16). The elongate member (16) is secured to the heater (2) and extends at least partially across the heater (2). An electrically insulating carrier member (30) is secured to the elongate member (16) at a location externally of the periphery of the heater (2). The carrier member (30) has first and second side edges (32, 38) at opposite sides of the elongate member (16) and is provided with first and second electrically conductive elements (34, 40) accessible at the opposite side edges (32, 38) for electrical connection to the first and second terminal regions (12A, 12B).

Abstract: An electric blanket or pad arrangement has a flexible pad (10) upon which a heating element (12) is mounted, the heating element (12) being connected, by a two core cable (16), to a control circuit (18), the heating element (12) including a dual element region (20) having a first, inner conductor (26), a second outer conductor (30), an inner insulating material layer (28) provided between the first and second conductors (26, 30), and an outer insulating material layer (32) encasing the second conductor (30), the inner insulating material layer (28) having a lower melting point than the outer insulating material layer (30), and a connecting element (22) having at least a third conductor (36) providing a series electrical connection between the first and second conductors (26, 30) at one end (12a) of the dual element region (20) of the heating element (12).

Abstract: A heater is provided that has a temperature sensing control system which can be used for both temperature control and over-temperature protection against element burnout. The temperature control system is comprised of an inlet temperature sensing assembly positioned at the inlet to the heater element and an exit thermocouple positioned in the exit end of the heater element. The exit thermocouple may be used for control the heater temperature and provide over-temperature protection. The inlet temperature sensing assembly is used to detect low or no air flow conditions which could lead to heater element failure.

Abstract: A heater for heating a rigid fluid line or hose for freeze protection. The heater has a base made of an outer base layer, a middle base layer attached to the outer base layer; and an inner base layer attached to the middle base layer. The inner base layer can be uncured silicone (before assembly processing). A resistance wire is wound around an electrically non-conductive core and located on the inner base layer. The resistance wire can be a high gauge wire providing for a small moment of flexure. A cover includes an inner cover layer covering said resistance wire. This inner cover layer can be uncured silicone (before assembly processing). A middle cover layer is attached to the inner cover layer, and an outer cover layer is attached to the inner cover layer. The outer cover layer protects the heater from abrasion.

Abstract: Improved adhesion, electrical connection, and thermal connection between an electrical heater and a wax motor element are obtained by using multiple zones of different adhesives optimized for different properties. The location of the zones and the area of the zones may be a controlled to effect a trade off between different properties and to limit the expression of the conductive adhesive.

Abstract: An electrofusion joint assembly includes a meltable member, such as a pipe or fitting, and a heating element secured to the pipe or fitting. The pipe or fitting may be tapered to facilitate receiving another pipe to form an electrofusion weld joint. Fasteners are used to secure the heating element and extend through a meltable zone and into a non-melt zone. Power supplied to the pipe melts the pipe proximal the heating element.

Abstract: A sensor system has an AlN substrate, a W layer on the substrate, a signal source adapted to apply an electrical actuating signal to the W layer, and a sensor adapted to sense the response of the W layer. The W layer can comprise a thin film, with various types of optional protective layers over the film. Applications include sensing temperature, fluid flow rates, fluid levels, pressure and chemical environments. For a planar heater, the W layer comprises a plurality of conductive strands distributed on the substrate, with the strands generally parallel and serpentine shaped for a rectangular substrate, and extending along respective lines of longitude that merge at opposite poles of the substrate for a circular substrate.

Abstract: A device for electrically heating a vertically erect chamber comprising several heating zones arranged vertically one above the other. The components of the device, with the exception of the insulating components, are made from graphite materials. Each zone (Z) comprises a number of supports (1), arranged in an essentially even distribution around the chamber for heating, which simultaneously serve as electrical supplies for the heater, and the heater for each zone (Z) is fixed at one end and longitudinally displaceable at the other end.

Abstract: A heater mat for using the Joule effect to heat an aerodynamic surface. The heater mat is provided with a resistor element including at least two substantially parallel segments of electrically-conductive fibers disposed on the aerodynamic surface. The segments come from a single strip of electrically-conductive fibers, with two adjacent segments being obtained by folding a portion of the single strip at least twice.

Abstract: A tubular heater that is manually bendable to fit into a channel comprises a heating element positioned in an insulative material such as magnesium oxide and encased in a continuous inner nickel tubular sheathing. An outer sheathing, in a preferred embodiment, comprises a coil of copper with a nickel coating swaged such that the cross-section of a strand of the coil is generally rectangular. The invention also includes the method of manufacturing and method of use of the tubular heater. Alternate embodiments include an outer tubular sheath that has a multiplicity of slits extending in a circumferential direction through the outer sheathing and the outer sheathing swaged directly on the inner sheathing. A further embodiment includes the outer tubular sheathing formed from a multiplicity of individual rings, the outer sheath could be swaged directly on the inner sheath.

Abstract: A heating device at least having an electrically insulating film formed on a surface of a substrate, a heating member formed on the electrically insulating film, and a protection film formed over the electrically insulating film and the heating member, the electrically insulating film and the protection film containing a silicon nitride film having a silicon cont ent in excess of an elemental ratio of silicon to nitrogen of 3:4.

Abstract: A self-regulating positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater assembly and a method of manufacturing the heater assembly are disclosed. The PTC heater assembly includes at least one PTC heating element and a pair of spaced electrodes. Each electrode includes a first side, the first sides of the pair of electrodes being spaced from one another, wherein the at least one PTC element is located between, supported by and energized by the pair of electrodes. The at least one PTC element is oriented approximately transverse to a longitudinal axis of the pair of spaced electrodes. An electrically insulative and thermally conductive interface pad is interposed between and contiguous to the first side of at least one of the pair of electrodes and a wall of the PTC element. A pair of power leads, one being connected to each of the pair of electrodes, energizes the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: A large area heater used, for example, in a laser printer belt fuser or as cooking surface, has an alumina substrate in which two bowed parts of alumina ceramic having opposed concave regions are formed together as a laminate. Electrical resistors are deposited on the laminate. The alumina laminate provides excellent resistance to uneven heating or other thermal stress. Alumina ceramic is readily shaped during manufacture and manufacturing costs and yield are good. A wide variety of large area heaters can usefully employ the laminate.

Abstract: A package for heating a micro-component is disclosed. The package comprises a platform having a resistive heating element integral with the platform. The package further includes a micro-component disposed on the platform.

Abstract: A heater including a plurality of first dielectric vanes and a plurality of second dielectric vanes arranged about a longitudinal axis, each first dielectric vane and second dielectric vane having a plurality of wire guiding grooves, a heater wire structure wound around the first and second dielectric vanes in wire guiding grooves, and wherein the heater wire structure substantially avoids contact with bottoms of the wire guiding grooves of the second dielectric vanes.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide an aluminum nitride sintered body making it possible to keep a volume resistivity of 108 ?·cm or more, and guarantee covering-up capability, a large radiant heat amount and measurement accuracy with a thermoviewer. A carbon-containing aluminum nitride sintered body of the present invention of the present invention comprising: carbon whose peak cannot be detected on its X-ray diffraction chart or whose peak is below its detection limit thereon; in a matrix made of aluminum nitride.

Abstract: A large area heater used, for example, in a laser printer belt fuser or as cooking surface, has an alumina substrate in which two bowed parts of alumina ceramic having opposed concave regions are formed together as a laminate. Electrical resistors are deposited on the laminate. The alumina laminate provides excellent resistance to uneven heating or other thermal stress. Alumina ceramic is readily shaped during manufacture and manufacturing costs and yield are good. A wide variety of large area heaters can usefully employ the laminate.

Abstract: There is disclosed a heating apparatus which has an electrostatic adsorption function and which comprises at least a supporting substrate, an electrode for electrostatic adsorption formed on a surface of one side of the supporting substrate, a heating layer formed on a surface of the other side of the supporting substrate, and an insulating layer formed so that it may cover the electrode for electrostatic adsorption and the heating layer wherein a volume resistivity of the insulating layer is varied in a plane. Thus, there can be provided a heating apparatus which has an electrostatic adsorption function wherein uniformity of a temperature distribution in a plane of the wafer when the wafer is heated can be improved, and the wafer can be heat-treated uniformly.

Abstract: Panel (10) for generating and diffusing heat obtained from a heat-radiating board (30) comprising one or more pieces of electrothermal fabric, with strips of fibreglass laid side by side to form the warp, the weft (50) consisting of a continuous copper wire (51), small in diameter and of considerable length, coated with insulating material, that extends serpentinewise passing alternatively above and below the strips of fibreglass, said board (30) being completed by intermediate and external layers (35, 36) of epoxidic thermoadhesive material and clad on both surfaces with sheets of micanite (31, 32), so that on connecting the ends of the wire (51) forming the weft (50) to a source of electric current, boring holes (65, 66) using means, that may be a laser beam, on the thermoadhesive layer (35, 36) covering the weft (50), this latter converts electric energy into thermal energy.

Abstract: A heater including an electrically insulative panel having a decorative image on a first side and a resistive heating layer on the second side. The resistive heating layer is preferably a graphite containing sol gel material. The invention can also include a surface or support for supporting an article such as a towel or piece of clothing adjacent to the heated surface to heat and/or dry the article.

Abstract: A mica board open coil resistance heater assembly includes a mica board subassembly of at least one pair of mica boards, a resistance wire wound around the boards, an electrical connection clip secured to each mica board, wherein each end of the resistance wire is connected to a respective clip. A terminal plate subassembly includes a thermostat, a ceramic two-hole terminal block, and bus wires, the bus wires adapted to be attached to a portion of the electrical connection clip to connect the resistance wire to power. The ceramic two-hole terminal is able to receive push on terminals from power conductors.

Abstract: A roasting oven having a large capacity heating well including a wrap-around heating element for heating the side walls thereof and a top heating element for browning. A function control panel featuring a touch-film interface and digital display of cooking modes is provided for the user's convenience. The heating elements are fabricated in alternative embodiments to provide single-sided or double-sided configurations for particular heating applications. A lid member including the top heating element is attached to the roasting oven by electrically conductive supporting structures, which incorporate the electrical circuit for the top heating element and also provide for convenient disconnection thereof for cleaning and storage. In an alternative embodiment the top heating element is omitted to reduce manufacturing costs and standard electromechanical switches and temperature controls provide the functions of the oven.