Abstract: A pyrolysis surface such as a rotating retort is provided by copper sheet supported by a nickel alloy framework. Pyrolysis is used to destroy calorific waste and/or to produce gas therefrom.

Abstract: An exhaust system component for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle comprises a substrate which is held in a substantially cylindrical housing. The cylindrical housing has a housing jacket which comprises a metal sheet bent about a cylinder axis. The ends of the metal sheet oriented in the circumferential direction relative to the cylinder axis form a joint connected with a weld seam. The weld seam is spaced apart from an inner surface of the housing jacket and the ends each have a bevel at least in sections.

Abstract: A transaction instrument comprises a plastic and one or more metal inclusions embedded or encased in the plastic. The one or more metal inclusions are in a non-particle form and is selected from the group consisting of a bit, a piece, a strand, a strip, a mesh, a web, and a combination thereof. The metal inclusion is comprised of a metal selected from the group consisting of tungsten, silver, zinc, bismuth, molybdenum, iron, steel, tin, copper, titanium, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A sliding electric contact device for welding head for roller welding machines, having a bimetallic plate adapted to be fixed to a shaft of a welding head, having a protection base composed of a first metal, defining a first face destined to abut against an end surface of the shaft, and a sliding disk composed of a second metal softer than the first metal, defining a second sliding electric contact face; a composite current-carrying block, having a plait of electrical wires, an internal support made of metal, pushed against the sliding disk for realizing with the sliding disk a sliding electric contact, first means adapted to fix firmly a central portion of the plait to the inner support, second current-carrying means adapted to fix firmly a peripheral portion of the plait to current terminals of a stator of the welding head. A welding head having the sliding electric contact device and a related roller welding machine are also disclosed.

Abstract: A piston including a piston crown, the piston crown defining a combustion bowl with a bowl base and bottom surface. A failure initiation structure is provided on the bottom surface of the combustion bowl to initiate favorable fracture at predetermined loads. Such favorable fracture may lead to the a separation of a fragment of the bowl base from the combustion bowl when a predetermined load or pressure is exceeded within the combustion bowl.

Abstract: A method of turbulator fabrication is provided and includes additively disposing an elongate flexible member in tension onto a liner body, dispensing braze paste at an elongate flexible member-liner body interface and conducting a brazing process with respect to the braze paste to attach the elongate flexible member to the liner body.

Abstract: A diamond wire saw and method provides a frame that includes a clamp that attaches to a target (e.g. piling, beam, tubular), an elongated toothed rack extending away from the mount and target, and a moving portion that carries the diamond wire and motor drives that advance the moving portion toward the target and along the toothed rack while driving the wire around roller guides.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for closing a pipe opening, opening upwards, of a drive casing pipe accommodating the control rod drive of a boiling water reactor, said device comprising a closure plug with a plug housing, opening downwards, a sealing element guided axially so as to be movable within the plug housing, which element has a sealing face providing a sealing contact with an annular counter face defining the pipe opening, a locking element provided to fix the plug housing on the drive casing pipe, and a spring, which is supported by the upper end thereof on the plug housing and by the lower end thereof on the sealing element and holds said element in a lower end position.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a differential pressure sensor is provided. The method includes providing a housing of a differential pressure sensor and a cover. The cover is mounted to the housing so as to form a pressure chamber. The differential pressure sensor is configured such that in operation, a pressure to be measured is transmitted into the pressure chamber. The method further includes heating a sleeve, placing the heated sleeve around the cover and the housing and allowing the sleeve to cool.

Abstract: A method is for plugging a well wherein the well, at least along a longitudinal section to be plugged, is provided with one or more pipe bodies forming a radial boundary between the well and a surrounding formation. The method includes (D), lowering a flow-through string into the well and, by the flow-through string, supplying a fluidized plugging material along the longitudinal section in the well, and at least within the innermost of said one or more pipe bodies in the well. The method, before step (D), also comprises (A), lowering one or more explosive charges into the well and onto the longitudinal section to be plugged, and detonating one or more of said explosive charges so as to extend the diameter of one or more of said pipe bodies at one or more places along the longitudinal section to be plugged. A system is for plugging a well.

Abstract: A method for making a tube is described in which a multi-layer billet is extruded to provide a tube having a wall comprising an inner layer metallurgically bonded to an outer layer.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine may include a substantially circular body composed of an aluminum containing base material defining a top portion having at least one cavity. At least one coating layer may be disposed on at least one area defined by at least one of the top portion and the at least one cavity. The at least one coating layer may include at least one chemical compound derived from a chemical reaction between the base material of the body and the at least one coating layer in response to friction generated by a dragging movement of a non-consumable rotary pin with the at least one coating layer.

Abstract: A method of forge welding includes placing at least two components for welding together, adjacent each other and with an exothermic flux mixture placed between the components. The exothermic flux mixture is heated to initiate an exothermic reaction and the faying surfaces of the two components are pressed together. The components being welded may be tubular, in particular pipes. Apparatus for the method of forge welding and exothermic flux mixtures for the method of forge welding are also provided.

Abstract: A method of repairing a length of pipeline which has experienced a wet buckle during deployment is disclosed. The method includes: severing the pipeline at locations which are spaced apart on opposite sides of a buckle and removing the buckled section to leave spaced severed ends; locating a pipeline pig in a pig deployment device; releasably coupling a pig insertion member of the pig deployment device to the pig; releasably coupling the pig deployment device to one of the severed ends; operating the pig deployment device to cause the pig insertion member to translate the pig out of the deployment device and into the pipeline through said severed end; releasing the pig insertion member from the pig and retracting the pig insertion member, leaving the pig in place within the pipeline; releasing the pig deployment device from said severed end; and welding the severed ends together.

Abstract: A method of forming a poppet valve having a stem, a valve head and a valve seat while concurrently maintaining compressive residual stress without grain coarsening on both the valve body and the valve seat. The method includes forming a rounded cladded part on the valve head of the poppet valve by welding and forming a valve seat surface at a predetermined aperture angle and cutting the cladded part to form a smooth surface which is subjected to uniform contact pressure at a temperature less than the recrystallization temperature of the base material or cladding material, whichever is lower, to enhance the durability of the valve seat.

Abstract: A noise reduction unit for inserting in a vacuum suction drain is adapted to be flown through by a material to be conveyed through the vacuum suction drain and comprises an inlet section with a first diameter, a middle section with a second diameter and an outlet section with a third diameter. The middle section is adapted to affect a flow velocity reduction of the material to be conveyed such that the noise level arising during the conveying process is being reduced.

Abstract: A joint for a double wall tube assembly includes an adapter having an inner wall and an outer wall connected by a web, and a flange extending from the outer wall. The inner wall is configured to receive an inner tube of a double wall tube assembly. The outer wall is configured to be connected to an outer tube of the double wall tube assembly.

Abstract: A process device has a process seal for coupling to an industrial process. The process device includes a process device body having an isolation cavity and an isolation passageway extending from the isolation cavity to a pressure sensor. The isolation cavity and isolation passageway filled with an isolation fluid. An isolation diaphragm is positioned to isolate the isolation cavity from process fluid. The isolation diaphragm has a process fluid side and an isolation fluid side. A weld ring is positioned around a periphery of the process fluid side of the isolation diaphragm. The weld ring is formed of a first material compatible with the isolation diaphragm and a second material compatible with the process device body. A weld secures the weld ring to the process device body.

Abstract: A method of welding two workpieces together is described. A conductor in electrical communication with a pulse circuit is provided. A portion of the second workpiece is located adjacent the conductor. The two workpieces are also located together. A portion, or all, of one workpiece is welded to the other by applying a pulse current to one of the workpieces. A method of forming a workpiece is disclosed using a pulse current to move the workpiece into a desired shape.

Abstract: In various embodiments, protective layers are bonded to a steel layer, overlapped, and at least partially covered by a layer of unmelted metal powder produced by cold spray.

Abstract: In various embodiments, protective layers are bonded to a steel layer and connected by a layer of unmelted metal powder produced by cold spray.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for explosive forming of workpieces, comprising an ignition chamber and an ignition mechanism, wherein an explosive agent can be ignited at an ignition location in the ignition chamber using the ignition mechanism, and an ignition chamber outlet is provided, to be improved such that the ignition mechanism has a longer service life. The aim is achieved by a device wherein an impact breaker is provided in the propagation path (37) of the detonation wave.

Abstract: A dissimilar material joint is formed by arranging a plurality of joint segments consecutively in a longitudinal direction. Each joint segment is formed by joining and integrating together a first member, an intermediate member, and a second member by explosive welding. A groove is formed in a joint end face of each joint segment, the joint end face being joined to another one of the segments, the groove spacing apart an end face of the first member and an end face of the second member from each other in a stacking direction. In the dissimilar material joint, the end faces of the respective first members of the joint segments that are adjacent to each other are joined together by welding, and the end faces of the respective second members of the joint segments that are adjacent to each other are joined together by welding.

Abstract: Sputtering targets are described that comprise: a) a target surface component comprising a target material; b) a core backing component having a coupling surface, a back surface and at least one open area, wherein the coupling surface is coupled to at least part of the target surface component; and wherein at least part of the target surface component fits into at least one open area of the core backing component. In some embodiments, the target surface component, the core backing component or a combination thereof have at least one surface area feature coupled to or located in the back surface of the core backing component, the target surface component or a combination thereof, wherein the surface area feature increases the cooling effectiveness of the target surface component.

Abstract: A method for coating the base element of a cooling element used in connection with a metallurgical furnace or the like, said base element being mainly made of copper, at least partly with a metal coating involves a step wherein the metal coating is explosion welded to the base element of a cooling element mainly made of copper. A cooling element, particularly to be used in connection with metallurgical furnaces or the like, includes a base element mainly made of copper, in which base element there is arranged a cooling water channel system, said base element of the cooling element being at least partly coated with a metal coating. The metal coating is explosion welded to the base element that is mainly made of copper.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for protecting an inner radial surface of a radial member of a turbomachine from corrosion are provided. The method may include shaping the inner radial surface of the radial member and a corresponding outer radial surface of a corrosion-resistant liner. The method may also include heating the radial member to increase a diameter of the inner radial surface of the radial member, and inserting at least a portion of the corrosion-resistant liner into the radial member. The method may further include attaching the corrosion-resistant liner to the inner radial surface of the radial member to thereby protect the inner radial surface of the radial member of the turbomachine from corrosion.

Abstract: A method for forming a piece of a sheet metal is performed by positioning a consumable body, made of metal, proximate to the piece of the sheet metal. The consumable body is rapidly vaporized, and the gas pressure generated thereby is directed into the piece of the sheet metal. This results in acceleration of the piece of sheet metal, and it is collided into a stationary body at a velocity, generally in excess of 200 m/s. Depending upon the type of stationary body, the piece of sheet metal is deformed into a predetermined shape or is welded onto the stationary body. The vaporization is accomplished by passing a high current of electricity into the consumable body. The effect of the vaporized metal may be augmented by additional components in the consumable body.

Abstract: In various embodiments, protective layers are bonded to a steel layer and connected by a layer of unmelted metal powder produced by cold spray.

Abstract: The present invention provides assembly for use with a cartridge for the generation of hydrogen and a method for bonding metals with the cartridge. The cartridge includes a case, an igniter, and a structural component. The case defines an interior cavity and the igniter is positioned within the cavity. The structural component is also positioned within the cavity and is formed of a particulate embedded in a matrix and the particulate includes a metallic material. An oxidizing agent is positioned within the cavity. The structural component is configured such that the metallic material and the oxidizing agent react together to generate hydrogen after the igniter generates sufficient heat to remove the matrix from the structural component and to initiate the reaction between the metallic material and the oxidizing agent. The cartridge is positioned within the assembly relative to a metal flyer such that when the cartridge is discharged, the flyer is bonded to a metal anvil.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming a metallurgical bond. A first metal workpiece and one or more second metal workpieces are brought into proximity to one another such that a first portion of the first workpiece is in general overlying relationship with a second portion of the one or more second workpieces. A suitable material is provided between said first portion and said second portion, said material being in the form of particles or foil. At least a first part of said first workpiece comprising said first portion is forced toward said a part of the one or more second workpiece comprising said second portion by means of any one of a suitable high pressure joining process and a high speed joining process, such as to cause the said first metal workpiece and said one or more second metal workpieces to become joined or welded to one another to form a metallurgical bond therebetween.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a printed circuit board, which includes: preparing a base substrate with an electrode pad; providing a conductive material having a predetermined height; disposing the conductive material on the electrode pad; and forming a conductive post on the electrode pad by bonding the electrode pad and the conductive material, and can achieve a fine pitch and easily implement a conductive post with a high aspect ratio.

Abstract: Tube-bundle equipment for heat exchange operations at high pressures and temperatures, under conditions of high aggressiveness of the process fluids, comprising a titanium lining (11) and a series of tubes (1) consisting of at least one layer of zirconium (2), positioned in contact with said fluids, wherein the tube plate on which said tubes are inserted comprises an outer layer (S) of zirconium or an alloy thereof and an underlying layer (5) of titanium welded to the lining of the equipment. Said equipment is particularly used as a heat exchanger, for example as a stripper, in the high-pressure cycle of urea syntheses processes.

Abstract: A method for attaching together by means of explosion welding two metal pipes (2; 3) arranged within each other, wherein a mantle of explosive material (5) is arranged around the outer pipe (2) and this mantle is made to explode in order to cause a metallurgical joint between the two pipes, according to the present invention is characterised in that the interior (4) of the inner pipe (3) is filled with granular material (6) and the interstices left free by the granular material (6) are filled with liquid (7) before the explosive material (5) is made to explode.

Abstract: A process device has a process seal for coupling to an industrial process. The process device includes a process device body having an isolation cavity and an isolation passageway extending from the isolation cavity to a pressure sensor. The isolation cavity and isolation passageway filled with an isolation fluid. An isolation diaphragm is positioned to isolate the isolation cavity from process fluid. The isolation diaphragm has a process fluid side and an isolation fluid side. A weld ring is positioned around a periphery of the process fluid side of the isolation diaphragm. The weld ring is formed of a first material compatible with the isolation diaphragm and a second material compatible with the process device body. A weld secures the weld ring to the process device body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus of forming a sputter target assembly having a controlled solder thickness. In particular, the method includes the introduction of a bonding foil, between the backing plate and the sputter target, wherein the bonding foil is an ignitable heterogeneous stratified structure for the propagation of an exothermic reaction.

Abstract: A method for forming a multi-component composite metallic tube, in particular, a bi-component metallic tube, comprises the steps of forming a coextrudable, multi-component billet including an inner component formed from a first metallic material, and an outer component formed from a second metallic material. Notably, explosive bonding is employed for bonding the first and second components to form a metallurgical bond at the interface thereof, thus forming the desired multi-component billet. The multi-component billet is subsequently heated, and coextruded to form a multi-component tubular structure, having a metallurgical bond at an interface between inner and outer layers of the composite metallic tube.

Abstract: The present invention provides assembly for use with a cartridge for the generation of hydrogen and a method for bonding metals with the cartridge. The cartridge includes a case, an igniter, and a structural component. The case defines an interior cavity and the igniter is positioned within the cavity. The structural component is also positioned within the cavity and is formed of a particulate embedded in a matrix and the particulate includes a metallic material. An oxidizing agent is positioned within the cavity. The structural component is configured such that the metallic material and the oxidizing agent react together to generate hydrogen after the igniter generates sufficient heat to remove the matrix from the structural component and to initiate the reaction between the metallic material and the oxidizing agent. The cartridge is positioned within the assembly relative to a metal flyer such that when the cartridge is discharged, the flyer is bonded to a metal anvil.

Abstract: A system and method for electromagnetic surface treatment of a work piece has an electromagnetic pulse generator and an electromagnetic pulse tool. The work piece has a working surface. A current pulse generated by the electromagnetic pulse generator travels through the tool producing an electromagnetic pulse. The electromagnetic pulse interacts with the working surface causing an indentation to form. A residual compressive stress layer is also formed. The indentation has a smooth and continuous topography that is described by an indentation perimeter, an indentation transition region, an indentation sidewall, an impact transition region, and an impact region. The method may also simultaneously, or subsequently, form a second indentation which overlaps with the indentation. An inter-indentation overlap region is formed when the indentations overlap. The inter-indentation overlap region is smooth and continuous. Multiple treated surfaces may easily be formed on the working surface of the work piece.

Abstract: A reactive foil is used to assemble the components of rock bit cutters and to affix cutting elements to rock bit bodies. A small pulse of localized energy ignites the foil in a fraction of a second to deliver the necessary amount of heat energy to flow solder or braze and form a strong, true metallic joint. The reaction in the foil may be activated using optical, electrical, or thermal sources.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the development of variants of multilayer structural materials with enhanced corrosion resistance, including successively connected outer main layers which directly contact corrosive operating environments on one or both sides of the multilayer material and, disposed therebetween, alternating internal main and internal sacrificial layers. The main layers are made of metallic materials which are characterized by a state of passivity over a prolonged period with subsequent development therein of pitting-type corrosion, while the internal sacrificial layers, which contact the corrosive operating environment as deep foci of pitting corrosion develop in the preceding outer and internal main layers, are characterized by the development of general corrosion and have a protective action in relation to the outer and internal main layers. Methods for preparing such materials are proposed.

Abstract: A method for an explosion welding process to form composite pipes, such as for nuclear power equipment. The explosive welding process includes: (1) An explosives preparation method in which low detonation velocity explosives are produced by using powdery emulsion explosives as a base. The base is mixed completely and evenly with a certain amount of powdered pearl salt, wherein the size of the pearl salt particle is 100-200 mesh, and the ratio of emulsion explosives versus pearl salt is between about 3-5:1. (2) A method of inhibiting the negative influence on welding quality caused by the gap between a base tube and a mold, wherein: the roughness of the base tube outer surface is kept less than that of the mold's inner surface, with the difference in surface roughness being maintained within two-grades. In certain cases, a layer of 1.0.±.0.1 mm copper may be added between the outer wall of a base tube and the inner wall of the mold.

Abstract: A method for forming a multi-component composite metallic tube, in particular, a bi-component metallic tube, comprises the steps of forming an extrudable, multi-component billet including an inner component formed from a first metallic material, and an outer component formed from a second metallic material. Notably, explosive bonding is employed for bonding the first and second components to form a metallurgical bond at the interface thereof, thus forming the desired multi-component billet. The multi-component billet is subsequently heated, and extruded to form a multi-component tubular structure, having a metallurgical bond at an interface between inner and outer layers of the composite metallic tube.

Abstract: A ballistic armor uses shape memory alloys and novel joining techniques to form a solution from a combination of shape memory metallic alloys (SMA) and ceramic materials. The SMA allows a high amount of strain to be recovered through a low temperature heat treatment. The amount of strain recoverable is much higher than that available through conventional thermal expansion mismatch solutions. Solid state or low temperature bonding methods are used to join the dissimilar materials. This joining technique avoids introducing excessive heat that would cause the SMA to transform before the armor system is assembled.

Abstract: An explosion welded article having a non-planar shape is provided. A method of preparing an apparatus for explosion welding is also provided, as is a method for forming an explosion welded article having a non-planar shape.

Abstract: A ballistic armor uses shape memory alloys and novel joining techniques to form a solution from a combination of shape memory metallic alloys (SMA) and ceramic materials. The SMA allows a high amount of strain to be recovered through a low temperature heat treatment. The amount of strain recoverable is much higher than that available through conventional thermal expansion mismatch solutions. Solid state or low temperature bonding methods are used to join the dissimilar materials. This joining technique avoids introducing excessive heat that would cause the SMA to transform before the armor system is assembled.

Abstract: A method for joining component bodies of material over bonding regions of large dimensions by disposing a plurality of substantially contiguous sheets of reactive composite materials between the bodies and adjacent sheets of fusible material. The contiguous sheets of the reactive composite material are operatively connected by an ignitable bridging material so that an igniting reaction in one sheet will cause an igniting reaction in the other. An application of uniform pressure and an ignition of one or more of the contiguous sheets of reactive composite material causes an exothermic thermal reaction to propagate through the bonding region, fusing any adjacent sheets of fusible material and forming a bond between the component bodies.

Abstract: A method for an explosion welding process to form composite pipes, such as for nuclear power equipment. The explosive welding process includes: (1) An explosives preparation method in which low detonation velocity explosives are produced by using powdery emulsion explosives as a base. The base is mixed completely and evenly with a certain amount of powdered pearl salt, wherein the size of pearl salt particle is 100-200 mesh, and the ratio of emulsion explosives versus pearl salt is between about 3-5:1. (2) An experimental formula for determining the diameter gap between an inner lining tube and its base tube, which is s=?·r or s=k?·r. and (3) A method of inhibiting the negative influence on welding quality caused by the gap between a base tube and a mold, wherein: the roughness of the base tube outer surface is kept less than that of the mold's inner surface, with the difference in surface roughness being maintained within two-grades. In certain cases, a layer of 1.0±0.

Abstract: A material composite has a part made from steel or a titanium-based material and a part made from a copper-based or aluminum-based material. The parts of the material composite are joined by way of an intermediate piece. The intermediate piece likewise comprises a region made from steel or a titanium-based material and a region made from a copper-based or aluminum-based material, which are connected by explosion welding. The parts of the material composite are connected to the regions of the intermediate piece which are in each case of the same type by means of a fusion or diffusion welding process.

Abstract: A solid weld-metal-producing material is formed by agglomerating weld metal material powder. An igniter may be integrally formed in or on the agglomerated weld metal material. In addition to typical components of a weld metal material mixture, such as a reductant metal and a transition metal oxide, the agglomerated weld metal mixture may include a binder material, such as sodium silicate. In addition to functioning as a binder to help hold the agglomerated weld metal material together, the binder material may aid in the exothermic reaction that occurs when the weld metal material is ignited. The agglomerated weld metal material may be made by mixing together a reductant metal powder, a transition metal oxide powder, and possibly a binder solution. A slurry of the components may be pressed together, for example, using a die and a ram, and then may be dried.

Abstract: A method for joining component bodies of material over bonding regions of large dimensions by disposing a plurality of substantially contiguous sheets of reactive composite materials between the bodies and adjacent sheets of fusible material. The contiguous sheets of the reactive composite material are operatively connected by an ignitable bridging material so that an igniting reaction in one sheet will cause an igniting reaction in the other. An application of uniform pressure and an ignition of one or more of the contiguous sheets of reactive composite material causes an exothermic thermal reaction to propagate through the bonding region, fusing any adjacent sheets of fusible material and forming a bond between the component bodies.